CN101905249B - Method and device for machining curved profiles in combination with online quenching temperature control in short flow - Google Patents
Method and device for machining curved profiles in combination with online quenching temperature control in short flow Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for machining curved profiles in combination with online quenching temperature control in a short flow. Through the method and the device, the extrusion, curving and quenching of the profiles are organically combined, and qualified curved profiles can be machined by once machining. Metal blanks are extruded into the profiles with different sections after passing through an extrusion mould, and the profiles are curved under the action of external forces at an extrusion outlet; and simultaneously, an online quenching device is arranged at the outlet of an extruder, and the temperature of the extruded profiles entering a curving deformation region is controlled by regulating relative positions of the online quenching device and the curving deformation region and controlling types and flows of quenching mediums so as to make the curved profiles at proper curving deformation temperature, ensure high curving performance and avoid curving springback. The method and the device also have the advantages of preventing the overhight temperature of the profiles from causing the section collapse and surface scratch of the profiles during the curving, improving the production efficiency and the yield of the products and reducing the production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to materials processing engineering field, specifically be meant and realize that extruding, science crooked and that quench combine, and are produced the method and apparatus of qualified bent section by extrusion billet through one procedure.
Background technology
For a long time, aluminium alloy extrusions is main with the civil buildings section bar mainly, and the civil buildings section bar just can directly use behind the extruding aligning, does not need follow-up bending machining.Along with developing of automobile industry, and the energy consumption of bringing thereupon, discharging, environmental protection and security problems, advantage such as aluminium chassis structure vehicle body is in light weight because of having, anti-collision performance is good receives the attention of automobile manufacturing company day by day.Because the needs of body shape, body shell uses after the bending machining with often will carrying out.Therefore, recent two decades comes shape bending to become the research focus of material processing field gradually.Foreign study concentrates on full-sized car companies such as Norwegian University of Science & Technology, Texas, USA university, Erlangen, Germany university and French Reynolds, Berlin, Germany polytechnical university, German Adui, AM General; Domesticly in recent years also do a lot in this respect, University On The Mountain Of Swallows, BJ University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Southeast China University etc. have made many achievements at aspects such as shape bending former, test method, numerical simulations.
The bent section of in actual production, using generally is to process through multiple working procedure.General operation is the vertical profile that earlier blank is squeezed into required section configuration, adopts stretch bending then or rolls mode bending formings such as curved.The crooked stage is the key of whole forming process; Because can produce resilience after BENDING PROCESS is accomplished; And the size of springback capacity is difficult to accurate control, thereby influenced the difficulty of the disposable Accurate Shaping of extrudate, and the cross section of extrudate has nothing in common with each other; The section bar cross section distortion can be caused during clod wash, and the sectional dimension requirement of former extrudate can't be reached.Carry out bending again after need adding core bar or filler; Take out core bar and filler afterwards again; Thereby the method production efficiency of the extrudate of this multiple working procedure production case of bending is low, and complex process needs main equipment; Production cost is expensive, makes the application of extrudate of case of bending receive very big restriction.
Literature search through to prior art finds to have following several kinds of related patent U.S. Patent No.:
A kind of U.S.'s patent of invention (number of patent application: US6634200 that is used to produce the method and apparatus application of crooked extrudate; Method and device for the production of curved extruded profiles; Title: extrudate bending method and equipment); This method is angled with the mould and the direction of extrusion, will be bent after the section bar depanning to a lateral bending, can process the less curved workpieces of curvature through this method.
A kind of U.S.'s patent of invention (number of patent application: US5305626 that pushes the application of bending forming Processes and apparatus; Extrusion Method and Extrusion Apparatus; Title: pressing method and extrusion equipment); This method brings acquisition material heterogeneous to flow through the adjustment mold work, and the material flow velocity that makes section bar one side is greater than opposite side, to reach the purpose of bending forming.This patent has increased a kind of guiding device that has running roller for guaranteeing forming accuracy simultaneously.This method one mold only can be produced a kind of instrument of crooked radian.
A kind of Europatent (number of patent application: EP0706843B1 that is used to make the Processes and apparatus application of automobile frame bool; Method and device for the production of curved workpieces; Title: the preparation method of bool and equipment), this method is the propelling sheave effect that the section bar extruded is directly had the certain movement track, and the front end of section bar moves with propelling sheave; The section bar end forms bool under the constraint at extrusion die discharging opening edge.Above several method is because flexural deformation mainly occurs in the extrusion die exit, so the wearing and tearing of mould are very serious, and in addition, strain rate is big during owing to flexural deformation, for the section bar of thin-walled cavity type, is difficult to guarantee that the shape in bool cross section does not distort.
A kind of equipment (number of patent application: US6634200 that is used to push bending forming; ExtrusionApparatus, title: extrusion equipment), this method increases guiding device at mould outlet; This guiding device applies deflecting action power in a side of section bar profile, and shape bending is shaped.This device comprises two independently guide jig discs, and advises in the thermal flexure process, should avoiding the excessive processing distortion for obtaining best processing effect, simultaneously bending forming is begun from the work zone.
A kind of Japanese patent of invention (number of patent application: JP2137612 that is used to produce the direct extruding bending forming technology application of bent section; Extrusion Machine; Title: extruder), this method is through placing the crooked radian that a transportable metal guide plate is adjusted section bar in the conventional extrusion dies exit.
A kind of Japanese patent of invention (number of patent application: JP2179313 that is used to produce the aluminium alloy extruded bending process application of similar curved workpieces such as automobile structure, bumper, gusset; Manufacture of aluminumextruded/bent products as automobile frame; Bumper; Side seal; And the like, title: a kind of method that is used to produce extruding curved workpieces such as automobile structure, bumper, gusset etc.) this method is through placing the crooked radian that two blocks of transportable metal guide plates are adjusted section bar in the conventional extruder exit.First block of metal guide plate be over against the extruding center, and second block of metal guide plate can freely-movable, with the adjustment crooked radian.
Chinese invention patent (the number of patent application: 200710171857.X of magnesium alloy profiles extruding bending integral forming method application; Title: magnesium alloy profiles extruding bending integral forming method); This method is through arranging a cover three-wheel roll bending device near the discharging opening of original horizontal extruder; Magnesium alloy ingot blank forms section bar through hot extrusion, and section bar directly got into roll bending mechanism before cooling, apply moment of flexure by three pair of rollers section bars in the same plane; Realize bending forming, the motion and the position of control running roller obtain required angle of bend and bending radius.
Above several method is because flexural deformation exports very in extruding and carries out under the high-temperature condition, and section bar intensity and hardness are lower, and the distortion of collapsing is pressed in the section bar cross section easily under external force, and the surface is easy to generate scuffing.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is; Defective to the prior art existence; Comprise that traditional shape bending production efficiency is low, product size is difficult to guarantee; And problems such as section deformation that exists in the existing extruding bending integral forming and surface tear, a kind of short flow process processing method of bent section and device that combines online quenching temperature control proposed; It organically combines through extruding, bending and the quenching with section bar; Just can produce qualified crooked extrudate by extrusion billet through one procedure; Make the shape bending deformation temperature be controlled at medium level through the press quenching device; Existing formability preferably can reduce defectives such as resilience, section deformation and surface tear again, also accomplishes press quenching simultaneously; Enhance productivity thus and the finished product rate, reduce production costs.
One of technical scheme of the present invention is, the short flow process processing method of the bent section of the online quenching temperature control of said combination does, implemented by extruder in the extrusion production section bar process, and extrusion profile exports out the back in extruding and gets into bending deformation area, and its technical characterstic is:
Online quench zone and said bending deformation area are set are positioned at online quench zone territory, make the bending and online the carrying out of quenching of extrusion profile;
Through combining experimental verification to obtain the relative position between said press quenching district and the bending deformation area to the numerical simulation of different process, and hardening media kind and flow;
Through adjusting at least a temperature of extrudate when getting into bending deformation area and the Temperature Distribution of control bending deformation area controlled in the following factor; To guarantee the good bending forming property of section bar; Reduce resilience; Guarantee that again it does not take place in BENDING PROCESS that the cross section subsides and surface tear, also will guarantee fully through hardening after the shape bending distortion simultaneously:
A. the relative position between press quenching district and the bending deformation area;
Relative position between said press quenching district and the bending deformation area is represented (referring to Fig. 1) with the distance B between line quench zone initiating terminal and the bending deformation area initiating terminal;
B. the kind of hardening media and flow;
The kind of hardening media can be air, water smoke and water column.
Said through combining experimental verification to obtain the relative position between said press quenching district and the bending deformation area to the numerical simulation of different process, and hardening media kind and flow, its step is following:
(1) combines reverse technology through experimental technique, obtain this structure, friction and the thermal boundary condition of material under the different distortion condition;
(2) this structure of material deformation that step (1) is obtained is introduced commercial finite element software with boundary condition and actual forming technology, and whole forming process is carried out emulation, thereby the acquisition section bar goes out the Temperature Distribution behind the die orifice;
(3) the online quench zone of adjustment and the relative position of bending deformation area, the flow or the kind of hardening media are controlled the temperature of extrudate when getting into bending deformation area and the Temperature Distribution of control bending deformation area, make it reach expection and distribute.
The bent section that is come out by press quenching district and bending deformation area gets into discharging platform, flies saw and according to the measuring instrument feedack section bar is carried out fixed length and cut, and by unloading manipulator it is transported after being transported to roller-way.
The inventive method is in the extrusion process of production of reality; Extrusion profile is bent by the external force effect in the extrusion exit; Kind and flow through relative position (D) between adjustment quench zone and the bending deformation area and hardening media come rationally to control extrudate in the temperature that gets into bending deformation area; Make it have sufficiently high flexural deformation temperature, guarantee good bending property, avoid bending springback; Can prevent simultaneously to make it to take place in BENDING PROCESS that the cross section subsides and surface tear again owing to the section bar temperature is too high.
Two of technical scheme of the present invention is; The short flow process processing unit (plant) of the bent section of the online quenching temperature control of said combination does; It is formed by behind conventional extruder die orifice, directly adding online quenching unit, bending apparatus, comprises the conventional extruder, bending apparatus, the on-line measurement shear that are arranged in order, and its design feature is; Be provided with the press quenching device in said bending apparatus position, and said bending apparatus is arranged in online quenching unit.
Referring to Fig. 2; The structure of said press quenching device is; By more piece the hinged successively big quenching tank of strip of forming of little quenching tank of top cover is housed, upper and lower and two sides of the little quenching tank inner chamber of every joint all are provided with the cooling medium spraying system, and its flow can independently be controlled; If hardening media is a water, trench bottom also is provided with hardening media (water) feeder.The position of press quenching device also can be regulated along section bar moving direction (being relative bending apparatus).
The angle that respectively saves between the little quenching tank through adjustment can form a circular-arc said big quenching tank, and the curvature of big quenching tank can change with shape bending curvature, therefore can be suitable for the press quenching of different curvature bent section.Simultaneously, the position of said press quenching device also can be regulated along the section bar moving direction, promptly through the relative position (D) between adjustment quench zone and the bending deformation area, and the temperature when controlling section bar entering bending deformation area.The hardening media that the press quenching device uses can be air, water smoke and water column, through hardening media in the adjustment quenching unit kind and flow can control quenching cooling rate, thereby the adjusting section bar is in the temperature of bending deformation area.
Bending apparatus 8 regions in the device shown in Figure 1 are said bending deformation area, and press quenching device 9 regions are said press quenching district.
Know that by above the present invention is a kind of short flow process processing method of bent section and device that combines online quenching temperature control; It is through extruding, bending and quenching reasonable combination with section bar; Just can produce qualified crooked extrudate by extrusion billet through one procedure; Make the shape bending deformation temperature be controlled at medium level through the press quenching device; Existing formability preferably can reduce defectives such as resilience, section deformation and surface tear again, also accomplishes press quenching simultaneously; Improve production efficiency and finished product rate thus, reduced production cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of embodiment (overlooking) structural representation of the short flow process processing unit (plant) of bent section of press quenching temperature control;
Fig. 2 be among Fig. 1 I-I to, promptly one the joint little quenching tank a kind of embodiment section structure sketch map;
Fig. 3 is 6063 aluminium alloys " order " font equipment structure sketch map, and three sections circular arc radius of curvature are followed successively by 538mm, 1966mm, 538mm;
Fig. 4 is the cross-section structure of section bar shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 5 is 6061 aluminium alloys " order " font equipment structure sketch map, and two sections circular arc radius of curvature are followed successively by 160mm, 160mm, and all the other are straightway;
Fig. 6 is the cross-section structure of section bar shown in Figure 5;
Fig. 7 is special-shaped " order " font equipment structure of 6061 an aluminium alloys sketch map, and three sections circular arc radius of curvature are followed successively by 1083mm, 3384mm, 1083mm;
Fig. 8 is the cross-section structure of section bar shown in Figure 7.
In the drawings:
1-extruder hydraulic cylinder, the 2-pressure ram, the 3-recipient,
The 4-extrusion billet, the 5-extrusion die, 6-extruder front-axle beam,
The 7-feeding device, the 8-bending apparatus, 9-press quenching device,
10-flies saw, the 11-measuring instrument, and the 12-extrudate,
The 13-roller-way, the 14-device for discharging, the 15-water tank,
The 16-felt roll, 17-top cover, 18-nozzle;
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: use method of the present invention; The short flow process processing unit (plant) (referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) of bent section that the online quenching temperature control of said combination is installed in the die orifice position that goes out at the 2750T extruder; Push 6063 aluminium alloys " order " font material, extrusion billet diameter 203mm, length is 300mm.500 ℃ of blank initial compression temperature, 450 ℃ of extrusion die temperature initial temperatures, recipient and dummy block initial temperature are 420 ℃, and extrusion speed is 4mm/s, and hardening media is a water smoke; Relative distance (D) between press quenching district initiating terminal and the bending deformation area initiating terminal is 0.6m, and three sections circular arc radius of curvature of " order " font material are followed successively by 538mm, 1966mm; 538mm, the back three sections circular arc radius of curvature that are shaped are followed successively by 540mm, 1970mm; 540mm can satisfy matching requirements, and the section bar surface after the shaping does not have scuffing; There is not cracking, no wrinkling.
Embodiment 2: use method of the present invention; The short flow process processing unit (plant) (referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) of bent section that the online quenching temperature control of said combination is installed in the die orifice position that goes out at the 2750T extruder; Push 6061 aluminium alloys " order " font material, extrusion billet diameter 203mm, length is 300mm.500 ℃ of blank initial compression temperature, 450 ℃ of extrusion die temperature initial temperatures, recipient and dummy block initial temperature are 420 ℃, extrusion speed is 4mm/s; Hardening media is that water column sprays, and the relative distance (D) between press quenching district initiating terminal and the bending deformation area initiating terminal is 0.2m, and two sections circular arc radius of curvature of crooked 6061 aluminium alloys " order " font material are followed successively by 160mm; 160mm, all the other are straight line, the back two sections circular arc radius of curvature that are shaped are followed successively by 157mm; 156mm can satisfy matching requirements, and the section bar surface after the shaping does not have scuffing; There is not cracking, no wrinkling.
Embodiment 3: use method of the present invention; The short flow process processing unit (plant) of bent section that the online quenching temperature control of said combination is installed in the die orifice position that goes out at the 2750T extruder; Push special-shaped " order " font material of 6061 aluminium alloys, extrusion billet diameter 198mm, length is 500mm.500 ℃ of blank initial compression temperature, 460 ℃ of extrusion die temperature initial temperatures, recipient and dummy block initial temperature are 430 ℃, extrusion speed is 4mm/s; Hardening media is that water column sprays, and the relative distance (D) between press quenching district initiating terminal and the bending deformation area initiating terminal is 0.15m, special-shaped " order " font material of crooked 6061 aluminium alloys, and three sections circular arc radius of curvature are followed successively by 1083mm; 3384mm, 1083mm, the back three sections circular arc radius of curvature that are shaped are followed successively by and are 1078mm; 3380mm, 1079mm can satisfy matching requirements; Section bar surface after the shaping does not have scuffing, does not have cracking, and is no wrinkling.
Claims (5)
1. the short flow process processing method of bent section that combines online quenching temperature control is being implemented by extruder in the extrusion production section bar process, and extrusion profile exports out the back in extruding and gets into bending deformation area, it is characterized in that:
Online quench zone and said bending deformation area are set are positioned at online quench zone territory, the bending of extrusion profile and online the carrying out of quenching;
Combine experimental verification to obtain the relative position between press quenching district and the bending deformation area through numerical simulation to different process, and the kind of hardening media and flow;
At least a temperature of extrudate when getting into bending deformation area of controlling through adjusting in the following factor reaches the Temperature Distribution at bending deformation area:
A. the relative position between press quenching district and the bending deformation area;
Relative position between said press quenching district and the bending deformation area is represented with the distance B between online quench zone initiating terminal and the bending deformation area initiating terminal;
B. the kind of hardening media and flow;
The kind of hardening media is air, water smoke or water column.
2. according to the short flow process processing method of the bent section of the online quenching temperature control of the said combination of claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said through combining experimental verification to obtain the relative position between press quenching district and the bending deformation area to the numerical simulation of different process; And the kind of hardening media and flow, its step is following:
(1) combines reverse technology through experimental technique, obtain this structure, friction and the thermal boundary condition of material under the different distortion condition;
(2) this structure of material deformation that step (1) is obtained is introduced commercial finite element software with boundary condition and actual forming technology, and whole forming process is carried out emulation, thereby the acquisition section bar goes out the Temperature Distribution behind the die orifice;
(3) the online quench zone of adjustment and the relative position of bending deformation area, the flow or the kind of hardening media are controlled the temperature of extrudate when getting into bending deformation area and are reached the Temperature Distribution at bending deformation area.
3. according to the short flow process processing method of the bent section of the online quenching temperature control of the said combination of claim 1; It is characterized in that; The bent section that is come out by press quenching district and bending deformation area gets into discharging platform; Fly saw and according to the measuring instrument feedack section bar is carried out fixed length and cut, by unloading manipulator it is transported after being transported to roller-way.
4. one kind combines the bent section of online quenching temperature control to lack the flow process processing unit (plant); It is characterized in that; It comprises conventional extruder, bending apparatus, the on-line measurement shear that is arranged in order; Its design feature is be provided with the press quenching device in said bending apparatus position, and said bending apparatus to be arranged in online quenching unit; The position of press quenching device can be regulated along the section bar moving direction.
5. according to the short flow process processing unit (plant) of the bent section of the online quenching temperature control of the said combination of claim 4; It is characterized in that; Said press quenching device is equipped with the hinged successively big quenching tank of strip of forming of little quenching tank of top cover by more piece, and upper and lower and two sides of the little quenching tank inner chamber of every joint all are provided with the cooling medium spraying system.
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| CN102416558B (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2014-01-08 | 天津锐新昌轻合金股份有限公司 | Preparation method particularly suitable for cold-bending plastic formation of aluminum alloy extrusion member |
| CN103160659B (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2015-05-20 | 东北大学 | Clamp type compact on-line quenching system |
| CN104384266B (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏同力机械有限公司 | Cold roll forming technology for escalator handrail bracket |
| CN108189376A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 苏州宝特威机电有限公司 | Bumper former |
| CN112063812A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-11 | 佛山威冷机械科技有限公司 | Sectional quenching cooling method and sectional quenching cooling equipment for realizing same |
| CN114378144A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-22 | 江苏伟业铝材有限公司 | Aluminum profile straightening device |
| CN115255061B (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2023-03-21 | 山东大学 | Production process of aluminum alloy ultrahigh-strength bent section |
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| US6634200B2 (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2003-10-21 | Wkw Erbsloeh Automotive Gmbh | Method and device for producing curved extruded profiles |
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| CN1807004A (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2006-07-26 | 广东兴发集团有限公司 | 7075 aluminium alloy profile on line quenching method |
| CN101181771A (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2008-05-21 | 上海交通大学 | Extruding-bending integral forming method for magnesium alloy profiles |
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| EP0706843B1 (en) * | 1994-08-17 | 1999-01-20 | Matthias Prof. Dr. Kleiner | Method and device for the production of curved workpieces |
| US6634200B2 (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2003-10-21 | Wkw Erbsloeh Automotive Gmbh | Method and device for producing curved extruded profiles |
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