CN101886887A - 金属热交换器管 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有管壁(2)和具有在管外侧(21)上运行着的、整体形成了的筋条(3)的金属热交换器管(1),筋条具有筋脚(31)、筋侧壁(32)和筋尖(33),在此筋脚(31)基本上径向与管壁有一定距离和筋侧壁(32)用附加的结构元件装备,其作为材料突出部件(4)构成,其侧面地设置在筋侧壁(32)处,在此材料突出部件具有多个限制面(41、42),在此至少一个限制面(42)凸状弯曲至少一种材料突出部件(4)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前叙部分的金属热交换器管。
背景技术
这种金属热交换器管特别用于在管外侧上由纯物料或混合物构成的液体的冷凝。冷凝出现在冷却-和气候技术以及过程-和能量技术中的许多领域中。常常地应用管束热交换器,在该交换器中纯物质或混合物在管外侧上的蒸汽液化和在此在管内侧上加热成盐水或水。这样的仪器设备称作为管束冷凝器或管束液化器。
用于管束热交换器的热交换器管通常具有至少一个经结构化的区域以及平滑的端头和可能的平滑的中间头。平滑的端头或中间头限制经结构化的区域。从而管可毫无问题地安装到管束热交换器中,经结构化区域的外径不应比平滑端头和中间头的外径大。现在常用的高功率管在相同的直径下有比平滑管约四倍的功率能力。
为了提高在管外侧上的冷凝时的热传导已知许多不同的措施。常常地筋条装配到管的外表面上。这样首先扩大了管的表面和结果是增强了冷凝。对于热传导特别优选的是,当筋条由平滑管的器壁材料构成时,因为在筋条和管壁之间有最佳的接触。对经加筋的管称作为整体经轧制的加筋管,在该管中筋条采用由平滑管的器壁材料构成的变形工艺过程构成。
现有技术具有的是,通过向筋条尖加入核而可进一步扩大管的表面。此外通过核而生成附加的结构。其对冷凝过程有正面的影响。对于筋条尖的核的例子可由US 3,326,283和US 4,660,630获知。
今天商业上可得到的用于在管外侧上液化的加筋管具有有每英寸30-45筋条的筋条密度的筋条结构。这相应于约0.85-0.56mm的筋条刻度。这种筋条结构例如可由DE 44 04 357C2,US 2008/0196776A1,US 2007/0131396A1和CN 101004337A获取。通过提高筋条密度而进提升功率是通过出现在管束热交换器中的淹没作用的限制而确定的:具有变小的筋条的距离通过筋条中间室的毛细作用而采用冷凝泛滥和冷凝物的流走通过变小的在筋条之间的管道而阻止。
另外还已知的是,在液化器管时可达到功率提升的目的,这通过在相同的筋条密度时在筋条之间的筋条侧壁区域中加入附加的结构元件而达到。这样的结构可通过在筋骨条侧壁处齿轮样盘而形成。在此生成的材料突出部件向着中间室相邻的筋条突出。这样的结构的实施方案可在US某些方面2008/0196876A1、US 2007/0131396A1和CN 101004337A中找到。在这些专利文献中材料突出部件作为具有限制面的结构元件而示出。平的限制面是有缺点的,因为在平面上所构成的冷凝物通过表面张力而不经历所感应的力,其从限制面去除。从而构成不期望的液态薄膜,其不利阻止热传递。
发明内容
基于此本发明的目的在于,用于在管外侧上在相同管侧的热传递和压差以及相同制备成本时液体的冷凝的功率提高的热交换器管的进一步构成。在此管的机械稳定性应没有不利的影响。
本发明通过权利要求1的特征部分而再次给出。其他的从属权利要求涉及本发明优选的构成和进一步构成。
本发明包括一种金属热交换器管,其具有管壁和具有围绕在管外侧上的、整体构成了的筋条,其具有筋脚、筋侧壁和筋尖,在此筋脚基本上是径向地与管壁有一定距离的和筋侧壁用附加的结构元件装备,其作为材料突出部件而构成,其侧面地在筋侧壁处设置,在此材料突出部件具有多个限制面。
根据本发明至少一个限制面凸状地弯曲至少一个材料突出部件。
本发明涉及一种经结构化的管,在该管中在管外侧上的导热系数增大了。因为在此导热阻抗常常设置在内侧,导热系数在内侧上通常也必须增大。在管内侧上热传递的提高通常导致管侧压差的提高。
在此本发明由这样的考虑出发,即经整体轧制的加筋管具有管壁以及在管外侧具有螺旋线形围绕的筋条。筋条具有筋脚、筋尖和在二侧上具有筋侧壁。筋脚基本上径向地与管壁有一定距离。筋条的高度从管壁至筋尖测定和优选为0.5-1.5mm之间。筋条的轮廓在筋脚的区域中以及在与筋脚连接的筋侧壁的区域中以径向方向凸状地豪弯曲。在筋尖处以及在与筋尖连接的筋侧壁的区域中筋条的轮廓以径向方向凸状地弯曲。大约在一半的筋条高上凸状弯曲向凹状弯曲转变。在凸状弯曲的区域中由于表面张力迁移生成的冷凝物。这种冷凝物在凹状弯曲的区域中集中和在此构成水滴。
侧面地在筋条侧壁处要根据本发明附加地构成以材料突出形式的结构元件。这些材料突出部件由上部的筋条侧壁的材料形成,通过采用工具而提取类假于切屑的材料,然而不与筋条侧壁分离。材料突出部件牢固地与筋条连接。在连接位置处在筋条侧壁和材料突出部件之间生面凹状的棱边。材料突出部件基本上以轴向方向从筋条侧壁向在二个筋条之间的中间室伸展。材料突出部件特别地可以设置在大约半筋条高度上。通过材料突出部件管的表面扩大了。
在材料突出部件对面相邻的筋条不应接触。所以材料突出部件的轴向伸展在通常情况下约小于在二个筋条之间的中间室的一半的宽度。例如在用于冷却剂R134a或R123的液化管时在二个筋条之间的中间室的宽度约为0.4mm,在此这样导致材料突出部件的轴向伸展是小于0.2mm。
材料突出部件根据本发明通过至少一个凸状弯曲了面而限制。通过该凸状形式改善了附加的结构元件的作用。由于表面张力冷凝物从凸状弯曲了的面离开和用于凹状棱边的在材料突出部件和筋条侧壁之间的延长部分套口位置处拉伸。所以冷凝物薄膜在材料突出部件的凸状弯曲了的限制面上是薄的和热阻抗是较小的。材料突出部件大约设置在筋条侧壁区域中,在此经凸状弯曲的筋条轮廓向凹状弯曲的轮廓转换。筋条上部区域的冷凝物和材料突出部件的凝凝物在延长部分套口位置处一起集聚在一起和在筋条的凹状弯曲部分中形成水滴。
在US 2007/0131396A1和US 2008/0196876A1中所示出的侧面地在筋条侧壁处所安装的附加结构涉及具有平面的元件,其没有这样的优选的性能。
特别的优点在于,通过在管内侧上热传递的增强在与有利的热传递的连接中在管外侧上强烈地可减小液化器的大小尺寸。在此这样而降低这样的仪器的制备成本。在此通过根据本发明的实现方案管的机械稳定性还是对压差有不利的影响。此外减少了对冷却剂的必需的填充量,其在现在的主要应用的、无氯安全冷却剂时在整个的装置成本中可形成可忽略的成本份额。在通常情况中只有在特殊情况中所应用的有毒的或可燃的冷却剂可通过减少填充时而降低危险潜能。
在本发明的优选的构成中局部凸状限制面的弯曲半径随着筋侧壁的增加着的去除而减小。在凸状限制面的每个点中局部的弯曲半径是作为弯曲圆的半径定义的。在此弯曲圆处在垂直于筋条侧壁的平面中。在任意所形成的限制面时这种局部的弯曲半径会发生变化。假如放置具有液体薄膜的一个这样的面,那么在液体薄膜中由于表面张力和改变的弯曲半径而生成压力梯度。这种压力梯度将具有小的弯曲半径的区域的液体拉走和向着具有大的弯曲半径的区域。然后材料突出部件的特别优选的实施在于,当它的限制面的局部弯曲半径随着筋侧壁的不断的去除而变小。冷凝物从材料突出部件的区域特别有效地移走和用于筋条的输送,该材料突出部件从筋侧壁去除。
优选地凸状弯曲的限制面是朝向管壁的材料突出部件的限制面。要冷凝的蒸汽不能阻止地在该面处靠近流动。
在本发明的优选的构成中限制面的弯曲也在平行于筋侧壁的平面中凸状地弯曲,在此在垂直于筋侧壁的平面中的凸状限制面的弯曲比在平行于筋侧壁的平面中的凸状限制面的弯曲要弯曲得多。这样更加有利从材料突出部件至筋条以侧面方向的冷凝物的输送。
称作为凸状限制面的中间弯曲半径的所经加盖的圆的半径可通过在三点处的测量而确定。在特别优选的实施方案中这种经加盖的圆的半径小于1mm,该圆处于垂直于管周长方向的剖面平面中和通过点P1、P2和P3而确定。P1是该点,在该点处材料突出部件的凸状限制面在筋侧壁处限制,P3是该点,在该点处材料突出部件的凸状限制面在筋侧壁的最远处去除和P2是在材料突出部件的凸状限制面的轮廓线上P1和P3之间的中间点。假如这弯曲半径是大感动1mm,那么在通常所应用的物质时,如冷却剂或烃,导致表面张力相对于重力不足够大的结果,以决定性地影响冷凝物的输送。
优选地材料突出部件的凸状限制面在它的尖的区域中通过在最远处的筋侧壁处去除的P3点而采用凸状弯曲延续。在这种情况下材料突出部件的尖大都是螺旋形弯曲的。这样在筋条之间所提供的中间室在相同的筋条距离时获得用于冷凝的其他的表面。
在本发明的优选的实施方案中在筋侧壁处所设置的材料突出部件可以以周长方向保持一定距离。这样附加地生成棱边,在该棱边处发生冷凝。此外在筋侧壁处收集到的冷凝物在二个材料突出部件之间的区域流向筋脚。
在本发明的另一个优选的构成中在筋侧壁处所设置的材料突出部件以同长方向等距离的和至少围绕着它的宽度有一定距离的,在此这样可实现用于在筋侧壁处收集到的冷凝物的足够的中间室,以保证运走。
附图说明
以下根据附图来更清楚地解释本发明的实施例。
附图示出:
图1具有材料突出部件的热交换器管的筋条横截面的透视剖视图,
图2具有凸状弯曲的限制面的在图1中所示出的材料突出部件的详图。
图3具有二个凸状弯曲的限制面的材料突出部件的另一个详图,
图4具有二倍凸状弯曲的限制面的材料突出部件的另一个详图,
图5具有通过在最远处从筋侧壁去除的点出发的连续的材料突出部件的另一个详图,
图6热交换器管截面的外侧透视剖视图,
图7热交换器管截面的内侧透视剖视图,
图8热交换器器管截面的横截面。
具体实施方式
互相相应的部件在所有图中用相同的示例表示。
图1示出具有三个材料突出部件4的热交换器管的筋条截面的透视剖视图。从管外侧21只有一部分构成围绕着的、整体形成了的筋条3。筋条3具有筋脚31,其在此示图示出的管壁处置放,筋侧壁32和筋尖33。筋条3基本上径向地与管壁有一定距离。筋侧壁32用附加的结构元件装备,其由材料突出部件4构成,其侧面地在筋侧壁32处置放。这些材料突出部件4具有多个限制面41和42。在所构成的实施方案中材料突出部件4的三个所示出的限制面42在朝向管壁侧上凸状弯曲。然而原则上根据本发明在每个材料突出部件4也装备另一个限制面42或相同的多个具有凸状弯曲的限制面。其余的,非凸状的限制面41,或者平面地或者凹状地构成。经整体创造出材料突出部件4的材料在第一线中来自筋侧壁32,在此通过材料放置在制备热交换器管1时生成间隙34。
图2示出具有凸状弯曲的限制面42的材料突出部件4的详图。其余的非凸状的限制面41在这种情况下也运行。在凸状表面区域由气相凝聚的冷凝物由于表面张力而运走,在此这样所增加的冷凝物在凹状弯曲的区域或也在平的表面区域收集。
经加盖的圆K的凸状限制面42的中间弯曲半径RM通过三点P1、P2和P3而确定。这半径RM作为用于凸状表面的压制的特征尺寸。P1是该点,在该点处材料突出部件4的凸状限制面42在筋侧壁处限制,P3是该点,在该点处材料突出部件4的凸状限制面42在最远处从筋侧壁去除和P2是在P1和P3之间的在材料突出部件4的凸状限制面42的轮廓线上的中间点。在根据本发明的具有经整体轧制的筋条的热交换器管的常用结构大小时中间弯曲半径典型地处于亚毫米范围。
图3示出具有二个相对设置的凸状弯曲的限制面的材料突出部件4的另一个详图。具有这种几何形状,其从材料突出部件的尖出发,特别有效地用于筋侧壁的冷凝物的输送。原则上对于最有效的实施方案所有的限制面42,包括侧面41,也具有凸状弯曲。然而这种实施方案在结构化过程中整体的筋条形式和它们的材料突出部件4过程技术地经受高的要求。
作为另一个优选的实施方案在具有二倍的凸状弯曲的限制面42和平的侧面41的在图4中所示出的材料突出部件4的另一个详图中也可实现。在此在平的垂直于筋侧壁中凸状限制面的弯曲也可比作为平行于筋侧壁的平面中凸状限制面42的弯曲大。这种经拱顶的表面附加地支持用于筋侧壁的冷凝物的流出。
图5示出另一个优选的实施方案,其以具有平的侧面41和具有通过在最远处从筋侧壁去除的点P3走出去的连续的材料突出部件的详图。在这种怀仁况下材料突出部件4的尖SP螺旋形地朝着筋脚卷起。这样在筋条之间提供中间室中获取用于冷凝的另一个表面。通过点P1、P2和P3又可确定经加盖的圆的凸状限制面42的中间弯曲半径RM。
图6示出热交换器管截面1的外侧的透视剖视图。与此相反图7示出在热交换器管截面的内侧上的透视剖视图。在管外侧21上是一些整体形成了的和围绕管轴A筋条3。筋条3径向地与管壁2有一定的距离和通过筋脚下31与此相连接。在筋侧壁32处构成材料突出部件4,其侧面在筋侧壁32处置放。由材料突出部件4的限制面朝向管壁2的限制面42凸状地构成。其余的非凸状的限制面41在本实施方案中根据图6是正好的。在图7中侧面的限制面41是正好的,其用于对准管内的限制面41是凹状形成的。整体创造出材料突出部件4的材料在第一线中来自筋侧壁32和只有一部分由筋尖33的区域构成,在此构成间隙34。在筋侧壁处所设置的材料突出部件4以周长方向U等距离地大约围绕着宽度有一定的距离。与材料突出部件本对相邻的筋条不接触,因为材料突出部件4的轴向伸展选择小于在二个筋条3之间的中间室的半宽度。在管内侧22上设置螺旋形运行的内筋条5,其在液体上在热交换器管1内部相对于平滑管而提高。
图8示出热交换器管截面1的横截面。在管内侧22上有螺旋运行的内筋条5。在管外侧21上的筋条3以均匀的顺序从筋脚31出发垂直设置在管壁2上,筋尖33大致是平坦的。朝向管壁2的限制面42在筋侧壁32处置放的材料突出部件4是凸状构成的,其对准管内部22的限制面41是凹状的。相对于材料突出部件相邻的筋条3又不接触。在此这样实现了收坐冷板凳的冷凝物具有足够的空间用于运走。
图例说明表
1热交换器管
2管壁
21管外侧
22管内侧
3在管外侧上的筋条
31筋脚
32筋侧壁
33筋尖
34间隙
4材料突出部件
41限制面
42凸状限制面
5在管内侧上的筋条
SP材料突出部件的尖
U 管周长方向
A 管轴
RM中间弯曲半径
K圆
P1、P2、P3在凸状限制面上的点
Claims (8)
1.一种具有管壁(2)和具有在管外侧(21)上运行着的、整体形成了的筋条(3)的金属热交换器管(1),筋条具有筋脚(31)、筋侧壁(32)和筋尖(33),在此筋脚(31)基本上径向与管壁有一定距离和筋侧壁(32)用附加的结构元件装备,其作为材料突出部件(4)构成,其侧面地设置在筋侧壁(32)处,在此材料突出部件具有多个限制面(41、42),其特征在于,至少一个限制面(42)凸状弯曲至少一种材料突出部件(4)。
2.根据权利要求1的金属热交换器管(1),其特征在于,凸状限制面(42)的局部弯曲半径随着筋侧壁的去除而变小。
3.根据权利要求1或2的金属热交换器管(1),其特征在于,凸状弯曲的限制面(42),其是朝向管壁(2)的材料突出部件(4)的限制面。
4.根据权利要求1-3之一的金属热交换器管(1),其特征在于,限制面(42)的弯曲也在平行于筋侧壁(32)的平面中凸状弯曲,在此在垂直于筋侧壁(32)的平面中的凸状限制面(42)的弯曲是比在平行于筋侧壁(32)的平面中的凸状限制面(42)的弯曲大。
5.根据权利要求1-4之一的金属热交换器管(1),其特征在于,经加盖的圆(K)的半径小于1mm,该圆处在垂直于管周长方向(U)的断面平面中,在此P1是该点,在该点处材料突出部件(4)的凸状限制面(42)限制在筋侧壁(32)处,P3是该点,在该点处材料突出部件(4)的凸状限制面(42)在最远处去除筋侧壁(32)和P2是在P1和P2之间的在材料突出部件(4)的凸状限制面(42)的轮廓线上的中间点。
6.根据权利要求5的金属热交换器管(1),其特征在于,材料突出部件(4)的凸状限制面(42)在它的尖(SP)的区域中通过在最远处的筋侧壁(32)而去除的点P3而用凸状弯曲连续。
7.根据权利要求1-6之一的金属热交换器管(1),其特征在于,在筋侧壁(32)处所设置的材料突出部件(4)以周长方向有一定距离。
8.根据权利要求1-7之一的金属热交换器管(1),其特征在于,在筋侧壁(32)处所设置的材料突出部件(4)以周长方向(U)等距离地和至少围绕着它的宽度有一定的距离。
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DE102016006914B4 (de) * | 2016-06-01 | 2019-01-24 | Wieland-Werke Ag | Wärmeübertragerrohr |
DE102016006967B4 (de) * | 2016-06-01 | 2018-12-13 | Wieland-Werke Ag | Wärmeübertragerrohr |
DE102018004701A1 (de) * | 2018-06-12 | 2019-12-12 | Wieland-Werke Ag | Metallisches Wärmeaustauscherrohr |
KR102275301B1 (ko) * | 2019-01-28 | 2021-07-08 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 전열관 및 칠러용 열교환기 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101886887B (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
EP2253922B1 (de) | 2016-06-22 |
EP2253922A2 (de) | 2010-11-24 |
PL2253922T3 (pl) | 2016-12-30 |
KR101892572B1 (ko) | 2018-08-28 |
BRPI1001514A2 (pt) | 2011-06-28 |
PT2253922T (pt) | 2016-09-27 |
JP5748963B2 (ja) | 2015-07-15 |
BRPI1001514B1 (pt) | 2020-03-03 |
JP2010266189A (ja) | 2010-11-25 |
EP2253922A3 (de) | 2014-06-11 |
KR20100123599A (ko) | 2010-11-24 |
DE102009021334A1 (de) | 2010-11-18 |
US8550152B2 (en) | 2013-10-08 |
US20100288480A1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
MX2010003434A (es) | 2010-11-16 |
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