CN101851513A - Calcium-rich saline water and method for irrigating calcium-rich saline water and reducing salt content in soil - Google Patents
Calcium-rich saline water and method for irrigating calcium-rich saline water and reducing salt content in soil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses calcium-rich saline water and a method for irrigating calcium-rich saline water and reducing salt content in soil. The calcium-rich saline water comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of calcium sulfate and/or 2-5 parts of calcium nitrate, 0-5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 0-5 parts of sodium thiosulfate or ammonium thiosulfate and 1000 parts of fresh water of which the salinity is less than 1g/L or brackish water of which the salinity is 2g/L-5g/L or saline water of which the salinity is greater than 5g/L. In the invention, the experiment proves that when the calcium-rich saline water capable of improving Ca<2+> proportion and relatively reducing Na<+> content is used for irrigating saline soil, the salt content in the soil is reduced, and the proportion of Na<+> ions in salt ion composition in the soil is reduced, thereby ameliorating the negative effect on soil structure, permeability and other physical properties caused by high Na<+> content, so that the improved soil is beneficial to growth of certain plants.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil improvement technology, particularly relate to a kind of rich calcium salt water and irrigate the method that rich calcium salt water reduces soil salt.
Background technology
Be distributed with large-area based on muriate, beach salty soil that saltiness is high along the Bohai Sea, the Huanghai Sea and the East Sea littoral plain etc. in more than 18000 kilometer shoreline of China, these all are the soil resource that plant is difficult for the difficulty utilization of growth, wherein about 80% does not obtain utilizing as yet, especially in China's arid, semiarid zone, nearly 400,000 km
2Saline-alkali wasteland and fully by blowing the soil that extra large epeirogenetic forms, its soil salt content is higher.
Because the saline and alkaline deterioration of coastal soil physical behavior, the soil salinization degree height of causing, Freshwater resources lack, and these factors all badly influence the Wetland ecological recovery and the greening of coastal region and build.Therefore, the salinity that removes in the soil is the key that improves plant survival rate.
Alkaline land soil improvement at present is general to be adopted hydrotechnics, chemical modifying technology, biological modification technology and utilizes halophytes to fall salt, suppresses rising technology etc.
The coastland Freshwater resources lack, and shallow-layer saline groundwater or slightly salty aboundresources.For example, the Tianjin coastal region, the shallow seated groundwater salinity mostly is 10g/L～20g/L, and Gao Zheke reaches 75.4g/L (slightly salty: salinity is 2g/L～5g/L, and salt water: salinity is greater than 5g/L).Though and the deep phreatic water salinity mostly is about 1.0g/L, soluble sodium accounts for positively charged ion total amount＞80%, and pH is 8.0～8.6, and Gao Zheke reaches more than 9.0.
If use irrigation with saline water soil, soil salt gathers in soil and can worsen soil physical and chemical property, increase the weight of salting of soil, particularly sodium ions content height in the salt water can cause sodium ion gathering in soil, make the Soil structure variation, soil viscous, harden, soil water permeability coefficient is low, the infiltration difficulty, and air permeability is poor, soil temperature rises slow, and soil pH is high.High sodium ion also can directly endanger physiology and the growth of plant.
If utilize deep phreatic water that soil is irrigated, can reduce the saltiness of soil greatly, but still have the high difficult problem of sodium ion ratio.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency in the irrigation techniques such as having irrigation water sodium ion ratio height now, a kind of rich calcium salt water is provided.
Second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of method that the rich calcium salt water that reduces the sodium ion relative content reduces soil salt of irrigating.
Technical scheme of the present invention is summarized as follows:
A kind of rich calcium salt water comprises following component by weight ratio:
2～3 parts of calcium sulfate and/or 2～5 parts of nitrocalcite, 0～5 part of ammonium sulfate, 0～5 part of Sulfothiorine or ammonium thiosulfate, 1000 parts salinity is 2g/L～5g/L slightly salty or the salinity salt water greater than 5g/L less than 1g/L fresh water or salinity.
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system
On ground, every interval 5m～15m, parallelly dig wide 20-40cm, the horizontal ditch of dark 60cm～120cm, every again interval 50m～100m, parallelly dig wide 20-40cm, vertical ditch of dark 60cm～120cm, described horizontal ditch is filled 5cm～10cm highly sand in the ditch with vertically ditch is arranged in a crossed manner in described horizontal ditch and vertically, the particle diameter of 8cm～10cm height is the rubble of 1cm～5cm, it is the water shoot of 8cm～15cm that described rubble is provided with the caliber that medullary ray is parallel to ground, the tube wall of described water shoot is provided with the infiltration hole, and infiltration aperture, hole is 1.0mm～2.5mm, and density is 1～2/cm
2, the rubble that recharges particle diameter and be 1cm～5cm recharges the sand of 5cm～10cm height to exceeding described water shoot roof 8cm～10cm, covers 1-2 layer non-woven fabrics, fills original soil to the original ground height;
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.75-1.50kg/m
2Use desulfurated plaster or phosphogypsum, or press 0.15-0.45kg/m
2Use calcium superphosphate, or press 0.0075m
3/ m
2～0.0150m
3/ m
2Use the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, or press 0.0075m
3/ m
2～0.0150m
3/ m
2Use the compound fertilizer that desulfurated plaster that mass ratio is 1-2: 8-9 or phosphogypsum and the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed are formed, or press 0.0075m
3/ m
2～0.0150m
3/ m
2Using mass ratio is the calcium superphosphate and the compound fertilizer of fertilizer composition that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 1-2: 8-9, or presses 0.0075m
3/ m
2～0.0150m
3/ m
2Use the compound fertilizer that desulfurated plaster that mass ratio is 1-2: 1-2: 6-8 or phosphogypsum and calcium superphosphate and the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed are formed; Use 1-2 every year, and time of application is before rainy season or after rainy season or before rainy season and after rainy season, is applied to the dark soil layer of 0-30cm; The mass content of the calcium sulfate in described desulfurated plaster or the phosphogypsum is greater than 70%;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
1. get by weight ratio: 2～3 parts of calcium sulfate and/or 2～5 parts of nitrocalcite, 0～5 part of ammonium sulfate, 0～5 part of Sulfothiorine or ammonium thiosulfate, 1000 parts salinity is 2g/L～5g/L slightly salty or the salinity salt water greater than 5g/L less than 1g/L fresh water or salinity, and mixing is made rich calcium salt water;
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 4～5 times before rainy season, each 2-15 days pitch time, each irrigation volume is 0.1m
3/ m
2～0.15m
3/ m
2
The present invention proves by experiment, with improving Ca
2+Ratio reduces Na relatively
+The rich calcium irrigation with saline water salinization soil of content not only reduces the salt in the soil, and reduces Na in the soil
+The ratio of ion in salt ion is formed improved because of Na
+The content height is to the negative impact of physical behaviors such as Soil structure, infiltration, makes soil after the improvement be beneficial to the growth of certain plants.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the horizontal ditch of underground salt discharge system and vertical ditch distribution schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 for marine solonchak adopt the present invention after top layer (0-20cm) soil total salt change.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
A kind of rich calcium salt water, make with following method:
Get 2kg calcium sulfate, the salinity of 1000kg is less than the fresh water of 1g/L, and mixing promptly.
A kind of rich calcium salt water, make with following method:
Get 2kg calcium sulfate, 1kg ammonium sulfate, 1kg ammonium thiosulfate, 1000kg salinity are the 3g/L slightly salty, mixing is promptly.
Embodiment 3
A kind of rich calcium salt water, make with following method:
Get 2kg calcium sulfate, 2kg ammonium sulfate, 1kg Sulfothiorine, the 1000kg salinity is the 2g/L slightly salty, mixing is promptly.
Embodiment 4
A kind of rich calcium salt water, make with following method:
Get 3kg nitrocalcite, 3kg ammonium sulfate, the 1000kg salinity is the 5g/L slightly salty, mixing is promptly.
Embodiment 5
A kind of rich calcium salt water, make with following method:
Get 5kg nitrocalcite, 4kg ammonium sulfate, the 1000kg salinity is less than 1g/L fresh water, and mixing is promptly.
A kind of rich calcium salt water, make with following method:
Get 2kg nitrocalcite, 5kg ammonium sulfate, the 1000kg salinity is greater than the salt water of 5g/L, and mixing is promptly.
Embodiment 7
A kind of rich calcium salt water, make with following method:
Get 2kg calcium sulfate, 2kg nitrocalcite, 1kg ammonium sulfate, 5kg ammonium thiosulfate, the salinity of 1000kg are the 4g/L slightly salty, mixing is promptly.
Embodiment 8
A kind of rich calcium salt water, make with following method:
Get 3kg calcium sulfate, 2kg nitrocalcite, 3kg ammonium sulfate, 3kg ammonium thiosulfate, the salinity of 1000kg are less than 1g/L fresh water, and mixing is promptly.
Embodiment 9
A kind of rich calcium salt water, make with following method:
Get 2kg ammonium sulfate, 2kg nitrocalcite, 1kg ammonium thiosulfate, 1000kg salinity are greater than the salt water of 5g/L, and mixing is promptly.
Embodiment 10
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system
See Fig. 1, on ground, every interval 10m, parallel wide 30cm, the horizontal ditch 1 of dark 80cm, the every again interval 80m of digging, parallelly dig wide 30cm, vertical ditch 2 of dark 80cm, laterally ditch is with vertically ditch is arranged in a crossed manner, in horizontal ditch and vertically, fill 8cm sand highly in the ditch, the particle diameter of 9cm height is the rubble of 1cm～5cm, and it is the water shoot of 10cm that rubble is provided with the caliber that medullary ray is parallel to ground, and the tube wall of water shoot is provided with the infiltration hole, infiltration aperture, hole is 1.5mm, and density is 2/cm
2, the rubble that recharges particle diameter and be 1cm～5cm recharges the sand of 8cm height to exceeding water shoot roof 9cm, covers 1 layer of non-woven fabrics, and the filling original soil is to the original ground height;
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.30kg/m
2Use calcium superphosphate; Use every year 2 times, time of application be before rainy season and rainy season after, be applied to the dark soil layer of 15cm;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 1);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 5 times before rainy season, each 7 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.12m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 11
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system
On ground, every interval 5m parallelly digs wide 20cm, the horizontal ditch of dark 60cm, every again interval 50m parallelly digs wide 20cm, vertical ditch of dark 60cm, laterally ditch is arranged in a crossed manner with vertical ditch, fills 5cm sand highly in the ditch in horizontal ditch and vertically, and 8cm particle diameter highly is the rubble of 1cm～5cm, it is the water shoot of 8cm that rubble is provided with the caliber that medullary ray is parallel to ground, the tube wall of water shoot is provided with the infiltration hole, and infiltration aperture, hole is 1.0mm, and density is 2/cm
2, the rubble that recharges particle diameter and be 1cm～5cm recharges the sand of 5cm height to exceeding described water shoot roof 8cm, covers 1 layer of non-woven fabrics, and the filling original soil is to the original ground height;
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.15kg/m
2Use calcium superphosphate; Use every year 1 time, time of application is applied to the face of land before being rainy season;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 2);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 4 times before rainy season, each 2 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.15m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 12
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system
On ground, every interval 15m parallelly digs wide 40cm, the horizontal ditch of dark 120cm, every again interval 100m parallelly digs wide 40cm, vertical ditch of dark 120cm, laterally ditch is arranged in a crossed manner with vertical ditch, fills 10cm sand highly in the ditch in horizontal ditch and vertically, and 10cm particle diameter highly is the rubble of 1cm～5cm, it is the water shoot of 15cm that rubble is provided with the caliber that medullary ray is parallel to ground, the tube wall of water shoot is provided with the infiltration hole, and infiltration aperture, hole is 2.5mm, and density is 1/cm
2, the rubble that recharges particle diameter and be 1cm～5cm recharges the sand of 10cm height to exceeding water shoot roof 10cm, covers 2 layers of non-woven fabrics, and the filling original soil is to the original ground height;
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.45kg/m
2Use calcium superphosphate; Use every year 1 time, after time of application is rainy season, be applied to the dark soil layer of 30cm;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 3);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 5 times before rainy season, each 15 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.1m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 13
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 10)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 1.0kg/m
2Use desulfurated plaster; Use every year 2 times, time of application be before rainy season and rainy season after, be applied to the dark soil layer of 15cm; The mass content of the calcium sulfate in the desulfurated plaster is greater than 70%;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 4);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 4 times before rainy season, each 3 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.11m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 14
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 11)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.75kg/m
2Use desulfurated plaster; Use every year 1 time, time of application is applied to the face of land before being rainy season; The mass content of the calcium sulfate in the desulfurated plaster is greater than 70%;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 5);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 5 times before rainy season, each 4 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.12m
3/ m
2
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 12)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 1.5kg/m
2Use phosphogypsum; Use every year 1 time, after time of application is rainy season, be applied to the dark soil layer of 30cm; The mass content of the calcium sulfate in the phosphogypsum is greater than 70%;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 6);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 4 times before rainy season, each 5 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.13m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 16
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 11)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.01m
3/ m
2Use the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Use every year 2 times, time of application be before rainy season and rainy season after, be applied to the dark soil layer of 15cm;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 7);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 5 times before rainy season, each 6 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.1m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 17
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 10)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.0075m
3/ m
2Use the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Use every year 1 time, time of application is applied to the face of land before being rainy season;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 8);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 5 times before rainy season, each 6 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.1m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 18
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 12)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.0150m
3/ m
2Use the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Use every year 1 time, after time of application is rainy season, be applied to the dark soil layer of 30cm;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 9);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 4 times before rainy season, each 15 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.1m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 19
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 12)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.01m
3/ m
2Using mass ratio is 2: 8 the desulfurated plaster and the compound fertilizer of the fertilizer composition that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Use every year 2 times, time of application be before rainy season and rainy season after, be applied to the dark soil layer of 15cm; The mass content of the calcium sulfate in the desulfurated plaster is greater than 70%;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 6);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 5 times before rainy season, each 2 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.15m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 20
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 11)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.0075m
3/ m
2Using mass ratio is 1: 9 the desulfurated plaster and the compound fertilizer of the fertilizer composition that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Use every year 1 time, time of application is applied to the face of land before being rainy season; The mass content of desulfurated plaster is greater than 70%;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 5);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 4 times before rainy season, each 14 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.1m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 21
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 10)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.0150m
3/ m
2Using mass ratio is 1.5: 8.5 the phosphogypsum and the compound fertilizer of the fertilizer composition that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Use every year 1 time, after time of application is rainy season, be applied to the dark soil layer of 30cm; The mass content of the calcium sulfate in the phosphogypsum is greater than 70%;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 2);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 5 times before rainy season, each 10 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.15m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 22
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 10)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.01m
3/ m
2Using mass ratio is 2: 8 the calcium superphosphate and the compound fertilizer of the fertilizer composition that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Use every year 2 times, time of application be before rainy season and rainy season after, be applied to the dark soil layer of 15cm;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 6);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 5 times before rainy season, each 2 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.15m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 23
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 12)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.0075m
3/ m
2Using mass ratio is 1: 9 the calcium superphosphate and the compound fertilizer of the fertilizer composition that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Use every year 1 time, time of application is applied to the face of land before being rainy season;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 9);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 5 times before rainy season, each 7 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.13m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 24
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 11)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.0150m
3/ m
2Using mass ratio is 1.5: 8.5 the calcium superphosphate and the compound fertilizer of the fertilizer composition that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Use every year 1 time, after time of application is rainy season, be applied to the dark soil layer of 30cm;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 4);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 4 times before rainy season, each 6 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.12m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 25
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 11)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.01m
3/ m
2Using mass ratio is the compound fertilizer that 1: 1: 8 desulfurated plaster and the calcium superphosphate and the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed are formed; Use every year 2 times, time of application be before rainy season and rainy season after, be applied to the dark soil layer of 15cm; The mass content of desulfurated plaster is greater than 70%;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 6);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 5 times before rainy season, each 7 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.11m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 26
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 10)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.0075m
3/ m
2/ m
2Using mass ratio is the compound fertilizer that 1: 2: 7 desulfurated plaster and the calcium superphosphate and the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed are formed; Use every year 1 time, time of application is applied to the face of land before being rainy season; The mass content of desulfurated plaster is greater than 70%;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 4);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 5 times before rainy season, each 15 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.1m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 27
A kind of method of irrigating rich calcium salt water reduction soil salt comprises the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system (step is with embodiment 12)
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.0150m
3/ m
2Using mass ratio is the compound fertilizer that 2: 2: 6 phosphogypsum and the calcium superphosphate and the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed are formed; Use 1-2 every year, and time of application is before rainy season or after rainy season or before rainy season and after rainy season, is applied to the dark soil layer of 0-30cm; The mass content of calcium sulfate is greater than 70% in the phosphogypsum;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
The preparation of 1. rich calcium salt water: (step is with embodiment 2);
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 5 times before rainy season, each 2 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.1m
3/ m
2
Embodiment 28
With the solonchak test in Chinese Binhai New Area in Tianjin Soviet Union wasteland, home, soil regime sees Table 1.
The soil total salt and the salt ion of table 1 experiment soil are formed
Fresh water (every liter of salinity 0.562g/L) and see Table 2 with the experiment measuring value of the rich calcium salt water 1 of this fresh water preparation; Slightly salty (every liter of salinity 4.142g/L) and see Table 3 with the experiment measuring value of the rich calcium salt water 2 of this slightly salty preparation;
The preparation of rich calcium salt water 1: get 2kg ammonium sulfate, 2kg nitrocalcite, the 1kg ammonium thiosulfate, it is formulated to 1000L to add fresh water.
The preparation of rich calcium salt water 2: get 2kg ammonium sulfate, 2kg nitrocalcite, the 1kg ammonium thiosulfate, it is formulated to 1000L to add slightly salty.
The actual measured value of table 2 experiment irrigation water
Annotate: per-cent=ion content/salinity * 100 of salt ion in total salt amount, analogize later on.
The actual measured value of table 3 experiment irrigation water
From table 2 and table 3 as can be seen, fresh water or slightly salty are mixed with rich calcium salt water, and the shared ratio of sodium ion obviously reduces in the water, have reached the purpose that reduces the sodium ion ratio, and after the rich calcium of fresh water was handled, the sodium ion proportion reduced obviously.
On the soil that total salt and salt ion shown in two tables 1 are formed, the method that adopts embodiment 18 is respectively carried out (1) to experiment soil and is set up underground salt discharge system; (2) fertilising increases the soil pores; (3) irrigate rich calcium salt water 1 and the fresh water of preparing rich calcium salt water 1, irrigate 4 times before rainy season, each 15 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.1m
3/ m
2, rich calcium salt water 1 makes soil salt reduce about 86%, and sodium ion reduces by 95%, in addition, compares with irrigating fresh water, and calcium ion has increased by 38%.
On the soil that total salt and salt ion shown in two tables 1 are formed, the method that adopts embodiment 18 is respectively carried out (1) to experiment soil and is set up underground salt discharge system; (2) fertilising increases the soil pores; (3) irrigate rich calcium salt water 2 and the slightly salty of preparing rich calcium salt water 2, irrigate 4 times before rainy season, each 15 days pitch times, each irrigation volume is 0.1m
3/ m
2, rich calcium salt water 2 all makes soil salt reduce about 70%, and sodium ion has lacked 98%, and with the brackish facies ratio, calcium ion increases by 150%.
Fertilising is compared with not executing, and soil salt has reduced 3.15%, and sodium ion has descended 99%, therefore can significantly reduce the content to the soil physical and chemical property harmful ion.
Embodiment 29
Irrigate rich calcium salt water and fertilising (embodiment 25) and irrigate rich calcium salt water separately, soil pH reduces by 6.13%, irrigates the slightly salty (slightly salty of preparation present embodiment) and the soil pH of fertilising and reduces by 6.64%, sees Table 4.
Soil pH changed after table 4 was irrigated rich calcium water
| Handle | Do not apply fertilizer | Fertilising |
| Primary soil | ??8.35 | ??8.35 |
| Irrigate fresh water (shown in the table 2) | ??- | ??8.72 |
| Irrigate rich |
??9.23 | ??8.51 |
| Irrigate slightly salty (shown in the table 3) | ??- | ??9.18 |
| Irrigate rich |
??9.13 | ??8.57 |
Irrigating rich calcium salt water 1 and fertilising irrigates fresh water (table 2) and reduces by 4.86% with the fertilising soil weight, more only irrigates rich calcium salt water 1 soil weight and reduce by 0.74%; Irrigate rich calcium salt water 2 and fertilising irrigate slightly salty (table 3) with the fertilising soil weight 5.00%, more only irrigate the slightly salty soil weight and reduce by 2.21%.The also corresponding raising of porosity, it is useful to improving soil permeability to apply fertilizer, and sees Table 5.
The soil weight under the rich calcium water of the table 5 irrigation situation
Embodiment 30
Irrigating rich calcium salt water 1 accelerates than simple irrigation fresh water infiltration, area of a circle scope at diameter 15cm, irrigate under the identical water yield, the needed penetration time of not applying fertilizer shortens about 60%, under fertilising (embodiment 25) situation, irrigate rich calcium salt water 1 and shorten about 18%, see Table 6 than the needed penetration time of simple irrigation fresh water.
The rich calcium water of table 6 Different Irrigation is handled drip washing and is infiltrated the time (min)
Embodiment 31
Field test, on marine solonchak (soil salt content is greater than 1%), (1) adopts this invention (to irrigate rich calcium salt water (embodiment 2), fertilising (embodiment 25) 0.010m
3/ m
2), through four pouring salt of pouring water such as April 13, May 8, May 29, June 15, (0cm～20cm) the soil total salt reduces to 0.63% from 1.84% on heavy loamy texture marine solonchak top layer; Cement marine solonchak soil total salt reduces to 0.91% from 2.07%; In loamy texture marine solonchak soil total salt reduce to 0.67% from 1.50%, with reference to figure 2.
(0cm～20cm) soil salt content reached 0.569% through irrigating heavy loamy texture marine solonchak top layer, back on April 1, May 22 again in the 2nd year, cement marine solonchak soil salt content reaches 0.690%, middle loamy texture marine solonchak soil salt content reaches 0.63%, sees Fig. 2.
Each rich calcium slightly salty of the present invention can be irrigated salinization soil, has improved the Ca in the irrigation water
2+The ion ratio reduces Na relatively
+Content experiment showed, that the rich calcium slightly salty of each embodiment can improve because of Na
+The content height is to the negative impact of physical behaviors such as Soil structure, infiltration, makes soil after the improvement be beneficial to the growth of certain plants.
The soil loamy texture marine solonchak soil of attaching most importance to, soil salt content 0.83% under the same situation that adopts (1), (2) step in the example 25, is planted grass planting after the water of irrigating different quality drenches salt, and the growing state of greening grass is referring to table 7.
Table 7 Different Irrigation is the growing state of rye grass at present
Test shows, marine solonchak can not normal growth without filtering the salt grass, irrigate rich calcium salt water 1 and drench soil after the salt and more directly irrigates the seedling rate of rye grass on the fresh water soil of rich calcium salt water 1 usefulness of preparation and improve 3.61%, plant height increases by 8.96%, biological yield (fresh weight) increase by 4.57%; Irrigate rich calcium salt water 2 and drench the seedling rate raising 16.67% that soil after the salt is more directly irrigated rye grass on the slightly salty soil of rich calcium salt water 2 usefulness of preparation, plant height increases by 23.89%, biological yield (fresh weight) increases by 15.77%, and rich calcium irrigation with saline water is drenched salt and directly drenched the growth that salt more helps grass with brackish water irrigation.
Test shows that embodiment 10-embodiment 27 irrigates the method that rich calcium salt water reduces soil salt, can reduce the salt in the soil, and reduces Na in the soil
+The ratio of ion in salt ion is formed improved because of Na
+The content height is to the negative impact of physical behaviors such as Soil structure, infiltration, makes soil after the improvement be beneficial to the growth of certain plants.
Claims (2)
1. rich calcium salt water is characterized in that comprising by weight ratio following component:
2～3 parts of calcium sulfate and/or 2～5 parts of nitrocalcite, 0～5 part of ammonium sulfate, 0～5 part of Sulfothiorine or ammonium thiosulfate, 1000 parts salinity is 2g/L～5g/L slightly salty or the salinity salt water greater than 5g/L less than 1g/L fresh water or salinity.
2. irrigate the method that rich calcium salt water reduces soil salt for one kind, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) sets up underground salt discharge system
On ground, every interval 5m～15m, parallelly dig wide 20-40cm, the horizontal ditch of dark 60cm～120cm, every again interval 50m～100m, parallelly dig wide 20-40cm, vertical ditch of dark 60cm～120cm, described horizontal ditch is filled 5cm～10cm highly sand in the ditch with vertically ditch is arranged in a crossed manner in described horizontal ditch and vertically, the particle diameter of 8cm～10cm height is the rubble of 1cm～5cm, it is the water shoot of 8cm～15cm that described rubble is provided with the caliber that medullary ray is parallel to ground, the tube wall of described water shoot is provided with the infiltration hole, and infiltration aperture, hole is 1.0mm～2.5mm, and density is 0.5～2/cm
2, the rubble that recharges particle diameter and be 1cm～5cm recharges the sand of 5cm～10cm height to exceeding described water shoot roof 8cm～10cm, covers 1-2 layer non-woven fabrics, fills original soil to the original ground height;
(2) fertilising increases the soil pores
On the soil of setting up underground salt discharge system, press 0.75-1.50kg/m
2Use desulfurated plaster or phosphogypsum, or press 0.15-0.45kg/m
2Use calcium superphosphate, or press 0.0075m
3/ m
2～0.0150m
3/ m
2Use the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, or press 0.0075m
3/ m
2～0.0150m
3/ m
2Use the compound fertilizer that desulfurated plaster that mass ratio is 1-2: 8-9 or phosphogypsum and the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed are formed, or press 0.0075m
3/ m
2～0.0150m
3/ m
2Using mass ratio is the calcium superphosphate and the compound fertilizer of fertilizer composition that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 1-2: 8-9, or presses 0.0075m
3/ m
2～0.0150m
3/ m
2Use the compound fertilizer that desulfurated plaster that mass ratio is 1-2: 1-2: 6-8 or phosphogypsum and calcium superphosphate and the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed are formed; Use 1-2 every year, and time of application is before rainy season or after rainy season or before rainy season and after rainy season, is applied to the dark soil layer of 0-30cm; The mass content of the calcium sulfate in described desulfurated plaster or the phosphogypsum is greater than 70%;
(3) preparation of rich calcium salt water and irrigation
1. get by weight ratio: 2～3 parts of calcium sulfate and/or 2～5 parts of nitrocalcite, 0～5 part of ammonium sulfate, 0～5 part of Sulfothiorine or ammonium thiosulfate, 1000 parts salinity is 2g/L～5g/L slightly salty or the salinity salt water greater than 5g/L less than 1g/L fresh water or salinity, and mixing is made rich calcium salt water;
2. at the soil of handling through step (2), irrigate rich calcium salt water 4～5 times before rainy season, each 2-15 days pitch time, each irrigation volume is 0.1m
3/ m
2～0.15m
3/ m
2
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| CN102498773A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-06-20 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for improving sodic soil in Songnen plain |
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| CN106134558A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-23 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of root control salt method using bagasse filter layer and the application in salt-soda soil Herba Scutellariae Barbatae is planted thereof |
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| CN106165566A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-30 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of root control salt method using zeolite filter layer and the application in salt-soda soil winged euonymus is planted thereof |
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| CN113344397A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-03 | 陕西省生物农业研究所 | Facility agriculture underground brackish water and rainwater mixed irrigation method |
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