CN105359660B - A kind of method and system for improveing saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
A kind of method and system for improveing saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359660B CN105359660B CN201510891168.0A CN201510891168A CN105359660B CN 105359660 B CN105359660 B CN 105359660B CN 201510891168 A CN201510891168 A CN 201510891168A CN 105359660 B CN105359660 B CN 105359660B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method and system for improveing saline-alkali soil, and methods described includes step：Storage row's structure is built in selected ground block edge；Obtain the monitoring water level and salt divided data for storing row's structure；According to monitoring water level and the salt divided data, arrange the retaining of structure and carry out the pouring desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching using described storage, or by draining controlling water level adjusting the salt divided data of retaining.The method can form the coastal near surface level of ground water of regulation of science for coastal near-earth, improve rainwater utilization, the freshwater resources needed for reducing improvement solonchak, improve regional soil environment, thus be relatively specific for the periodicity alkali-affected soil of coastal area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of land improvement, in particular, it is related to a kind of method and system for improveing saline-alkali soil.
Background technology
China is the more serious country of saline-alkali soil hazard ratio, and there are 14.87 hundred million mu of various salinization soils in the whole nation, wherein modern
About 5.54 hundred million mu of salinization soil, 6.73 hundred million mu of remaining salinization soil, 2.6 hundred million mu or so of potential salinization soil.Littoral
Area forms coastal saline-alkali soil because of Seawater immersion.Water soluble salt in the salt-soda soil of coastal reclamation area is moved with the seepage flow of the soil water
Dynamic, i.e., so-called " salt comes with water, and salt goes with water ".Coastal reclamation area underground water and seawater are closely coupled.When underground, water table ratio is shallower,
Substantial amounts of moisture evaporation causes salinity to be gathered in soil so that the salt content of soil increases, and aggravates the salination problem of soil.
The current China coast reclamation of salinep-alkali soil has main steps that salt discharge, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, reduces soil salt content；Salt tolerant is planted again
Alkali plant, fertilizing soil；Last long-term cropping.The major technique form of improvement be (1) water conservancy improvement as draining, irrigate the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching,
Underground salt discharge etc.；(2) chemical modifying such as soil conditioner, gypsum, ardealite, calcium superphosphate, humic acid, peat, acid-sludge etc.；
(3) biological modification such as rice cultivation, the plantation salt-tolerant plant field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo, use microbial-bacterial fertilizer etc..Abovementioned technology has been required to
Certain water source of fresh water guarantee, and reclaiming coastal land area scarcity of fresh water resources, therefore this is also current reclaiming coastal land area saline-alkali soil
One of difficult point of improvement.
Chinese patent application in addition with such as Publication No. CN 104380867A is proposed using plant lactic biological
Compound acid ion in bacterium to neutralize the basic ion in displacement soil, however, carrying out lactic acid life to soil the need for this mode
The culture of thing bacterium, it is with high costs, while not being suitable for coastal area yet.
And for example the Chinese patent application of Publication No. CN 101624523A proposes a kind of soil conditioner, by weight
Formed by aluminum sulfate, iron ammonium sulfate and magnesium sulfate mixed preparing, the weight ratio of its aluminum sulfate, iron ammonium sulfate and magnesium sulfate is
1~1.8: 1~2: 0.2~0.5.But this soil conditioner is also not appropriate for coastal use, because, coastal soil salt
Alkalization is " salt comes with water, and salt goes with water ", so needs frequently to use modifying agent high cost, and improper long-term use.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of low cost, and energy continuation low to fresh water demand and use
Improvement saline-alkali soil method and system.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of method for improveing saline-alkali soil, including step：
Storage row's structure is built in selected ground block edge；
Obtain the monitoring water level and salt divided data for storing row's structure；
According to monitoring water level and the salt divided data, the pouring desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is carried out using the retaining for storing row's structure, or
By draining controlling water level adjusting the salt divided data of retaining.
Preferably, the row's structure that stores includes being arranged on storage row's ditch of described ground block edge.
Preferably, also the retaining well that row's ditch is connected is stored with described including being arranged on described ground block edge.
Preferably, the plot is rectangle or square, and the retaining well is arranged on the infall for storing row's ditch.
Preferably, it is described pouring the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching or by draining controlling water level with the salt divided data for adjusting retaining the step of also wrap
Include：It is controlled to pouring the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching or draining according to flood season and non-flood period.
Preferably, in flood season, if monitoring water level is equal to less than ground water level and more than underground critical groundwater table, and salt divided data
During the salt divided data of seawater, the water that will be stored in row's structure is discharged, and the monitoring water level is in the underground critical groundwater table
Position.
Preferably, in flood season, if monitoring water level is less than less than ground water level and more than underground critical groundwater table, and salt divided data
During the salt divided data of seawater, the pouring desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is carried out to the plot using the water stored in row's structure, until storing the water in row's structure
Salt divided data be equal to seawater salt divided data.
Preferably, in non-flood period, if monitoring water level is less than ground water level and more than underground critical groundwater table, and salt divided data etc.
When the salt divided data of seawater, the water that will be stored in row's structure is discharged, and the monitoring water level is in the underground critical
The position of position.
Preferably, in non-flood period, if monitoring water level is less than ground water level and more than underground critical groundwater table, and salt divided data is small
When the salt divided data of seawater, the pouring desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is carried out to the plot using the water stored in row's structure, until storing in row's structure
The salt divided data of water is equal to the salt divided data of seawater.
Preferably, the step of being additionally included in the storage row structural base incorporation water-loss reducer and/or plant alkaline-resisting plant.
Preferably, the depth for mixing water-loss reducer is 1~10cm, and the mass fraction of the water-loss reducer is 0.1~0.3%.
A kind of system for improveing saline-alkali soil, including：
It is arranged on storage row's structure of selected ground block edge；
The water-level gauge stored in row's structure is arranged on, for obtaining the monitoring water level stored in row's structure；
The salinity detection means stored in row's structure is arranged on, the salt divided data of water in row's structure is stored for obtaining；
Irrigation system and exhaust system, for storing row's knot according to the monitoring water level and the salinity data separate
Structure carries out pouring the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching or by draining controlling water level to adjust the salt divided data of retaining.
Preferably, the plot is rectangle or square, and the row's structure that stores includes storing row's ditch and connected with the row's ditch that stores
Retaining well, the retaining well be arranged on it is described store row ditch infall.
Preferably, the trapezoidal structure of section or U-shaped structure for storing row's ditch.
Preferably, the bottom of storage row's ditch and/or the retaining well is provided with water-loss reducer soil layer.
Preferably, the water-loss reducer the thickness of the layer is 1~10cm.
Preferably, the irrigation system includes the water pump being arranged in the retaining well and the pouring being connected with the water pump
Device.
Preferably, the exhaust system includes the water pump being arranged in the retaining well and the discharge being connected with the water pump
Device.
Preferably, the water level is calculated as long distance water level recorder.
Preferably, the salinity detection means is salinity tacheometer.
The benefit that the present invention brings is：Retaining purpose is reached using storing row's structure and being collected rainwater, runoff and infiltrate,
The water level and salt divided data of row's structure are stored by monitoring, then the monitoring water level and salt divided data of structure can be arranged according to storage,
Plot is carried out to pour the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching or by discharging retaining to be collected the water of fresh water or low salt again, so as to reduce retaining
Overall salt divided data can be used for carrying out the pouring desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching.For coastal near-earth, the regulation that can form science is coastal near
Cienega position, improves rainwater utilization, the freshwater resources needed for reducing improvement solonchak, improves regional soil environment, thus
It is relatively specific for the periodicity alkali-affected soil of coastal area.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the improvement saline-alkali soil of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the system structure diagram of the improvement saline-alkali soil of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is storage row's ditch section structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the retaining well cross section structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described below, those of ordinary skill in the art are possible to according to hereinafter described with this
The correlation technique in field is realized, and can be more clearly understood that innovation of the invention and the benefit brought.
Embodiment one
The step of being as shown in Figure 1 the method flow based on a kind of improvement saline-alkali soil for providing of the invention, specific implementation is such as
Under：
Storage row's structure is built in selected ground block edge；
Obtain the monitoring water level and salt divided data for storing row's structure；
According to monitoring water level and the salt divided data, the pouring desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is carried out using the retaining for storing row's structure, or
By draining controlling water level adjusting the salt divided data of retaining.
Wherein, the row's structure that stores includes being arranged on storage row's ditch of described ground block edge, and the effect for storing row's structure is to receive
Collection is from runoff or the flowing water for infiltrating and carries out interim storage.In embodiment, storing row's structure also includes being arranged on describedly
Block edge stores the retaining well that row's ditch is connected with described, so, can reach more preferable water storage function, and particularly, retaining well can
Store more waters.
In the present embodiment, the plot is rectangle or square, and the retaining well is arranged on the infall for storing row's ditch.
It is easy to build the farmland of high standard using the plot in direction or rectangle, while also allow for building other auxiliary facilities holding in the mouth therewith
Connect.
In the present embodiment, it is described pouring the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching or by draining controlling water level with the salt divided data for adjusting retaining the step of
Also include：It is controlled to pouring the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching or draining according to flood season and non-flood period.That is, according to flood season and non-flood period and
Monitoring Data is adjusted control simultaneously, and the implementation process of specific method may refer to table 1 below and table 2：
Table 1 flood season mode monitoring data analysis and take measures
As seen from the above table, if the excessive situation there may be impeded drainage of precipitation, the measure now taken is mainly
Prevention waterlogging measure or the measure of other decorporations.
In addition, according to upper table, in flood season, if monitoring water level is less than ground water level and more than underground critical groundwater table, and
When salt divided data is equal to the salt divided data of seawater, the water that will be stored in row's structure is discharged, and is in the monitoring water level described
The position of underground critical groundwater table.So, can again collect new rainwater reduce store row ditch and retaining well in salinity contain
Amount, so as to reduce the salt divided data of retaining, when water reaches to a certain degree, can carry out the pouring desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching.
If monitoring water level is less than ground water level and more than underground critical groundwater table, and salt divided data is less than the salt divided data of seawater
When, the pouring desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is carried out to the plot using the water stored in row's structure, until the salt divided data for storing the water in row's structure is equal to
The salt divided data of seawater.
Certainly, if monitoring water level less than underground critical groundwater table and salt divided data again smaller than seawater salt divided data when, be not required to
Make other actions, only present situation need to be kept to be collected with to rainwater.Poured or row when reservoir storage reaches above-mentioned satisfaction
The requirement put is operated by above-mentioned situation again.
The non-flood period mode monitoring data analysis of table 2 and take measures
Note：HUnderground is facedAccording to Code for design of irrigation and drainage and local conditions value, the selection in the present embodiment
Value is by taking 2.5m as an example；SSeaTake local seawater real-time monitoring value.
From upper table 2, in non-flood period, if monitoring water level is less than ground water level and more than underground critical groundwater table, and salinity
When data are equal to the salt divided data of seawater, the water that will be stored in row's structure is discharged, and the monitoring water level is in the underground
The position of critical groundwater table.
In non-flood period, if monitoring water level is less than ground water level and more than underground critical groundwater table, and salt divided data is less than seawater
Salt divided data when, using store row structure in water the pouring desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is carried out to the plot, until store row structure in water salt
Divided data is equal to the salt divided data of seawater.
Certainly, if monitoring water level less than underground critical groundwater table and salt divided data again smaller than seawater salt divided data when, be not required to
Make other actions, only present situation need to be kept to be collected with to rainwater.Poured or row when reservoir storage reaches above-mentioned satisfaction
The requirement put is operated by above-mentioned situation again.
In the present embodiment, when the storage row ditch is built, it is additionally included in the bottom incorporation guarantor for storing row's ditch and/or retaining well
The step of aqua and/or plantation alkaline-resisting plant.Specifically, the depth for mixing water-loss reducer is 1~10cm, the quality of the water-loss reducer
Fraction is 0.1~0.3%.Water-loss reducer can improve the structure of soil, strengthen water conservation soil conservation performance, reduce evaporation from topsoil and prevent
The only soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil；The saline alkali tolerant plant 5 such as row's ditch and/or retaining bottom plantation salt wormwood artemisia, the field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo is being stored again simultaneously, ditch can prevented
Bottom soil erosion, wash away and destruction, reduce the Sediment Siltation of retaining well.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment will provide a kind of system for improveing saline-alkali soil based on embodiment in the method for described improvement saline-alkali soil,
The method of the present invention is further elaborated based on the system.As shown in figure 1, the system includes：It is arranged on selected
The edge of plot 8 storage row structure；The water-level gauge 4 stored in row's structure is arranged on, the water-level gauge 4 is used to obtain in storage row's structure
Monitoring water level；The salinity detection means 7 stored in row's structure is arranged on, the salinity detection means 7 is used to obtain water in storage row's structure
Salt divided data；And, irrigation system and exhaust system, for according to monitoring water level and the salinity data separate institute
State and store row's structure and carry out pouring the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching or by draining controlling water level to adjust the salt divided data of retaining.
In the present embodiment, storage row structure includes being arranged on storage row's ditch 1 at the edge of plot 8 and the storage connected with storage row's ditch 1
Well 2, the retaining well 2 is arranged on the infall for storing row's ditch.Storing row's ditch 1 can collect from rainwater, runoff and enter
The water for oozing, the effect of retaining salt content is reduced so as to reach.
In the present embodiment, the trapezoidal structure of section or U-shaped structure or other knots that can collect water for storing row's ditch 1
Structure.The bottom for storing row's ditch and/or the retaining well is provided with water-loss reducer soil layer 6, the thickness of the water-loss reducer soil layer 6 is
1~10cm.Water-loss reducer soil layer 6 can improve the structure of soil, strengthen water conservation soil conservation performance, and reducing evaporation from topsoil prevents soil
The earth accumulation of salt in the surface soil；The saline alkali tolerant plants 5 such as salt wormwood artemisia, the field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo are implanted with storage row's ditch and/or retaining bottom kind simultaneously, bottom of trench water can be prevented
Soil is lost in, washes away and destruction, the Sediment Siltation of reduction retaining well.
In the present embodiment, the irrigation system include being arranged on water pump 3 in the retaining well 2 and with the water pump 3
The irrigation device of connection, irrigation device first-class can be made up of pipeline, valve and pouring.The exhaust system includes being arranged on institute
State the water pump 3 in retaining well 2 and the tapping equipment being connected with the water pump 3, that is to say, that irrigation system can make with exhaust system
With same water pump 3.Tapping equipment can typically be formed using the laying assembling of the structures such as pipeline, valve.
In the present embodiment, the water-level gauge uses long distance water level recorder, and the salinity detection means is salinity tacheometer, distant
Surveying water-level gauge and salinity tacheometer can be seen using wired or wireless remote data communication, can so be supervised using automation
Survey, so as to can also pour and discharge using the control of automation.
Above content is to combine specific preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to assert
Specific implementation of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention,
On the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, such as type of drive can use motor
External or hydraulic power etc., and mode of traction is in addition to the above embodiments, it would however also be possible to employ other traction sides such as wirerope strand cable
Formula, these should all be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. it is a kind of improve saline-alkali soil method, it is characterised in that including step：
Storage row's structure is built in selected ground block edge；
Obtain the monitoring water level and salt divided data for storing row's structure；
According to monitoring water level and the salt divided data, the pouring desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is carried out using the retaining for storing row's structure, or pass through
Draining controlling water level is adjusting the salt divided data of retaining；
It is described pouring the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching or by draining controlling water level with the salt divided data for adjusting retaining the step of also include：According to flood season and
Non-flood period is controlled to pouring the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching or draining；
In flood season, if monitoring water level is less than ground water level and more than underground critical groundwater table, and salt divided data is equal to the salinity of seawater
During data, the water that will be stored in row's structure is discharged, and the monitoring water level is in the position of the underground critical groundwater table；
In flood season, if monitoring water level is less than ground water level and more than underground critical groundwater table, and salt divided data is less than the salinity of seawater
During data, the pouring desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is carried out to the plot using the water stored in row's structure, until storing the salt divided data of the water in row's structure
Equal to the salt divided data of seawater；
In non-flood period, if monitoring water level is less than ground water level and more than underground critical groundwater table, and salt divided data is equal to the salt of seawater
During divided data, the water that will be stored in row's structure is discharged, and the monitoring water level is in the position of the underground critical groundwater table；
In non-flood period, if monitoring water level is less than ground water level and more than underground critical groundwater table, and salt divided data is less than the salt of seawater
During divided data, the pouring desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is carried out to the plot using the water stored in row's structure, until storing the salt fraction of the water in row's structure
According to the salt divided data equal to seawater.
2. the method for improveing saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that storage row's structure is described including being arranged on
Storage row's ditch of ground block edge.
3. the method for improvement saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that also including be arranged on described ground block edge and
The retaining well for storing row's ditch connection.
4. the method for improveing saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the plot is rectangle or square, described
Retaining well is arranged on the infall for storing row's ditch.
5. the method for improveing saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that be additionally included in the row's structural base that stores and mix
The step of entering water-loss reducer and/or plant alkaline-resisting plant.
6. the method for improveing saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the depth for mixing water-loss reducer is 1~10cm,
The mass fraction of the water-loss reducer is 0.1~0.3%.
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| CN106171108A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of improved system utilizing desulfurated plaster improvement alkaline land soil and using method thereof |
| CN106105451A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-11-16 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land soil plate and maintaining method thereof |
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| CN106284499A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-04 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land improving drainage system with Novel filter material wave duct |
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| CN106385826A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Salt pressing and discharging system for Hetao irrigation area saline-alkali land |
| CN106327829A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-11 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Energy-saving control device used for improvement of saline land and based on IoT (Internet of Things) |
| CN106297245A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of Internet of Things salt control data radio transmission system |
| CN106592732A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-04-26 | 天津大学 | Saline-alkali soil drainage, storage, purifying, and recycling system based on sponge city |
| CN107700461B (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2023-09-15 | 江苏鑫泰岩土科技有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil improvement system |
| CN107368109B (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2020-05-08 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | User-oriented rice field water quantity and water quality remote control method |
| CN111264111A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-12 | 天津大学 | System and method for efficiently improving coastal saline-alkali soil through water resource circulation |
| CN111328489A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-26 | 天津大学 | System and method for efficiently improving coastal heavy saline soil by rainwater |
| CN113141804B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2023-05-12 | 天津泰达绿化科技集团股份有限公司 | Method for improving rainfall leaching efficiency of coastal saline-alkali soil by utilizing garden waste |
| CN114351665B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-12-26 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Water and salt adjusting system and method for coastal areas |
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| BE553405A (en) * | 1955-12-26 | |||
| CN102160480B (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-25 | 天津泰达园林建设有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil irrigation and drainage ecological improvement method |
| CN202202311U (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-04-25 | 江苏省水利科学研究院 | Superposed drainage and waterlogging-reduction structure for farmland |
| CN103181258B (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2015-06-03 | 江苏大丰盐土大地农业科技有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil improvement method |
| CN203213085U (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-09-25 | 江苏美尚生态景观股份有限公司 | Saline and alkaline land greening salt elimination and soil moisture conservation waterscape constructing system |
| CN205161072U (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-20 | 江苏省水利科学研究院 | System for improvement saline -alkali soil |
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