CN101759289A - Method for culturing aerobic granular sludge for treating biological nutrients in municipal sewage - Google Patents
Method for culturing aerobic granular sludge for treating biological nutrients in municipal sewage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for culturing aerobic granular sludge for treating biological nutrients in municipal sewage, which comprises two reaction stages: (1) flocculent activated sludge is added in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) as seed sludge, the domestic sewage is fed in the SBR which automatically operates according to the mode of water inlet-aeration-hypoxia-secondary aeration-precipitation-drainage, activated carbon powder and Mg2+ are added in the domestic sewage in the fourth day or fifth day after culturing, 10-20 days are needed in the stage, and the aerobic granular sludge with organism-removing and synchronous denitrifying capability can be obtained after 30-60 cycles; and (2) the SBR automatically operates according to the mode of water inlet-anaerobic mixing-aeration-precipitation-drainage-standing, 10-15 days are needed in the stage, and the aerobic granular sludge with high-efficient and synchronous denitrifying phosphorus-removing capability can be obtained after 20-45 cycles. In the invention, the culture time of the synchronous denitrifying phosphorus-removing aerobic granular sludge is shortened to 20-35 days, while in the prior art, 60-120 days are required generally.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the biological wastewater treatment technology field, particularly the method for a kind of fast culture of aerobic particle mud and removal biological nutrients thereof.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China's industrial and agricultural production, the raising day by day of living standards of the people, it is serious day by day to pollute the body eutrophication problem that causes by biological nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and organism, therefore, the processing of sewage not only needs to remove COD, but also want denitrogenation dephosphorizing, this just requires Sewage treatment systems to possess multiple processing capacity.Biological carbon and phosphorous removal then is one of method of polluting of biological nutrients such as the minimizing nitrogen, phosphorus of the most extensive employing at present.That traditional biological denitrification phosphorous removal technique generally will relate to is nitrated, denitrification, microorganism are released phosphorus and inhale process such as phosphorus, and polyP bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, nitrifier etc. are present in same Sludge System and must bring the different mud battle in age of nitrifier and polyP bacteria and denitrifying bacteria and the polyP bacteria competition to carbon source, make denitrogenation and dephosphorization mutual interference mutually, be difficult in the high efficiency synchronous that realizes nitrogen, phosphorus in the same reactor and remove.Although therefore its technical process of biological denitrification phosphorous removal technique at present has nothing in common with each other, but all be provided with anaerobic zone, oxygen-starved area, aerobic zone separately, have strict operating modes such as anaerobic phosphorus release, anoxic denitrification, aerobic suction phosphorus and aerobic nitrification, but the complicacy that this has also increased system has simultaneously improved capital construction and working cost.Therefore, research and develop efficient denitrification dephosphorization technique and become an outstanding problem that needs to be resolved hurrily in the water resources development and utilization.
The aerobic particle mud technology is the new technology of having developed since the nineties in 20th century that has the engineering application potential, it belongs to microorganism from immobilized category, has excellent settling property, higher microorganism concn, good capacity of resisting impact load, does not need additionally to increase investment, is easy to the enrichment advantages such as flora of strengthening function.Can be used for handling city domestic sewage, food industrial wastewater, phenolic wastewater or other poisonous and harmful waste water etc.Therefore, realize that aerobic particle mud technology is significant, will improve the traditional technology pattern greatly.
Nearly all aerobic particle mud all obtains in sequence batch (sbr reactor device at present.Both at home and abroad the substrate cultivated round aerobic particle mud of researchist and conditions such as organic loading, structure of reactor and operating method thereof, hydraulic shear and sedimentation time, seed sludge and dissolved oxygen are to the big quantity research of aerobic particle mud cultivation having carried out.But relevant research report shows that aerobic particle mud technology is generally longer start time, needs 2～4 months time at least, and is that have even longer, and toggle speed becomes the bottleneck of restriction aerobic particle mud technology scale application slowly.Therefore, for further developing of aerobic particle mud technology, press for the method for exploring a kind of practicable rapidly cultivating aerobic particle sludge.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the present situation at prior art provides the method for culturing aerobic granular sludge that a kind of aerobic particle mud growth is fast and Treating Municipal Sewage biological nutrients can the high efficiency synchronous denitrogenation dephosphorizing is used.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the method for culturing aerobic granular sludge that this Treating Municipal Sewage biological nutrients is used is characterized in that comprising:
1. add cotton-shaped active sludge as kind of a mud in sequence batch (sbr reactor device, sanitary sewage is sent into sequence batch (sbr reactor device, sequence batch (sbr reactor device moves automatically by the mode of water inlet-aeration-anoxic-secondary aeration-precipitation-draining;
Added the activated carbon powder in the 4th day or the 5th day after beginning to cultivate in sanitary sewage, the concentration that feeds intake of activated carbon powder is 1g/L; Also has Mg with the activated carbon powder adds simultaneously
2+, control Mg
2+The concentration that feeds intake be 0.5～0.8mmol/L, and at Mg
2+In each water inlet cycle after adding, all need in sanitary sewage, to add Mg
2+
The sequence batch (sbr reactor device cycle of operation is 6～8 hours, sequence batch (sbr reactor device moves 2～3 cycles every day, sludge retention time is 20～30 days, and this stage is moved 10～20 days altogether, and 30～60 all after dates obtain having the aerobic particle mud of removing organism and simultaneous denitrification ability;
Wherein, the time of intaking in this step is 3～5 minutes, and the time of aeration is 180～240 minutes, and the anoxybiotic time is 120～180 minutes, and the time of secondary aeration is 3～5 minutes, and the sedimentary time is 5～30 minutes, and the time of draining is 5～10 minutes;
2. sequence batch (sbr reactor device moves automatically by the mode of water inlet-anaerobism stirring-aeration-precipitation-draining-leave standstill; Its cycle of operation is 6～7h, moves 2～3 cycles every day, and sludge retention time is 20～25 days, and this stage is moved 10～15 days altogether, and 20～45 all after dates obtain having the aerobic particle mud of high efficiency synchronous denitrogenation dephosphorizing ability;
Wherein, the time of intaking in this step is 3～5 minutes, and the time that anaerobism stirs is 90～120 minutes, and the time of aeration is 180～240 minutes, and the sedimentary time was controlled at 3～5 minutes, and the time of draining is 5～10 minutes, and the time of leaving standstill is 30～60 minutes;
In the above-mentioned steps, the water quality of described sanitary sewage is: the content of COD is 200～350mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen content is 15～25mg/L, and the total content of phosphorus is 6～8mg/L; The sequence batch (sbr reactor device pH of system value is controlled at 7～8.
Described aerobic particle mud is orange-yellow sphere or ellipsoidal particle, and structure is closely knit, and there is the space inside, and the particle diameter of aerobic particle mud is 0.3～1.2mm, and density is 1.012～1.018g/mL, and settling velocity is 19.8～36.7m/h.
The sequence batch (sbr reactor device system that is adopted among the present invention is made up of main reactor, water inlet system, water exhaust system, stirring aerating system and corresponding automatic control system; Reactor moves successively by water inlet, anaerobism stirring, aerobic aeration, precipitation, drainage procedure, reaches nitrogen in the sewage, phosphorus and organic synchronous removal.Preferably, the aspect ratio of reactor can be 3～12, and the volume exchange rate is 50～100%; The bottom of sequence batch (sbr reactor device is provided with micro porous aeration head, adopts ACO electromagnetic type air compressor air feed, and aeration rate is regulated by spinner-type flowmeter, and system pH value is controlled at 7～8.
There are a lot of filamentous bacteriums on the granule sludge surface that aerobic particle mud electron-microscope scanning that the employing aforesaid method obtains and microscopic examination result show initial formation, and their weave ins form the particulate framework, and some coccuses and bacillus are distributed in wherein; Along with the operation of reactor, the thread fungus quantity of particle surface obviously tails off, and does not almost observe thread fungus after sophisticated granule sludge forms, and microorganism wherein is based on coccus and bacillus; The granule sludge surface attachment has a large amount of protozoons and miniature metazoan simultaneously.
The synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing aerobic particle mud that the present invention cultivated is that particle diameter is sphere or the ellipsoidal particle of 0.3～1.2mm, and the particle diameter of traditional active sludge only is 0.05～0.2mm, and be dispersed texture, the settling property of aerobic particle mud is much better than traditional active sludge among the present invention.That the scanning electron microscopic observation result shows that granule sludge exists is significantly aerobic/detest (lacking) oxygen layered structure, outer cell density is bigger, and the internal layer cell density reduces gradually, granule interior has various ditches to return and fold simultaneously, porosity is bigger, is convenient to carry out between granule interior material and the liquid matrix material exchange.The fluorescence microscope result shows that the nitrifier of aerobic particle mud is positioned at the particulate outermost layer among the present invention, aerobic polyP bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and denitrification phosphorus-collecting bacterium are positioned at the particulate internal layer, the biomass of various bacteriums is all far above traditional active sludge, the ratio that the denitrification phosphorus-collecting bacterium accounts for whole polyP bacterias in the granule sludge reaches more than 70%, and the ordinary activated sludge system only has 11.2%.The synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing effect is to be the center with the carbon cycle, finish around the metabolism of the interior stored substance poly-beta-hydroxy-butyrate (PHB) of born of the same parents, be that aerobic particle mud is finished organic absorption at anaerobic stages, the release of storage and phosphorus, synchronous nitration and denitrification dephosphorization based on stored substance PHB in the born of the same parents has taken place in aerobic stage, it is the suction phosphorus of electron acceptor(EA) with the oxygen molecule that PHB is used for the aerobic polyP bacteria of granule sludge on the one hand, denitrifying bacteria and the denitrification phosphorus-collecting bacterium that is granule sludge inside as effective carbon source utilizes on the other hand, with the nitric nitrogen is electron acceptor(EA), carry out denitrification denitrogenation and denitrification phosphorus-collecting respectively, realized the synchronous removal of aerobic particle mud to nitrogen phosphorus, greatly simplified technical process, the a large amount of carbon sources and the energy have been saved, reduce surplus sludge volume, improved reaction efficiency.
The present invention has added activated carbon powder and Mg especially in real life sewage in the operating process of cultivating the synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing aerobic particle mud
2+To promote the formation of granule sludge.The result shows, by adding the control measures of these two kinds of materials, has quickened the formation of aerobic particle mud in SBR greatly, cultivates the time of finishing and only needs about 20～35 days from beginning to be inoculated into, and need 60～120 days usually in the prior art.The formation that adds major cause that the activated carbon powder promotes granule sludge to form and be for granule sludge provides suitable initial nucleus, has particularly saved the time that small-particle forms.Mg in the water inlet
2+The interpolation major cause that promotes granule sludge to form be an amount of Mg
2+Interpolation stimulated the secretion of extracellular polymeric (EPS) in the mud, particularly as the generation of the polysaccharide of one of its main component, a large amount of polysaccharide that produce can form a kind of viscosity, stable 3-D solid structure, changed the surface properties of mud, accelerate the reunion of mud flco, helped the quick formation of the aerobic particle mud of compact construction.
Description of drawings
The sequence batch (sbr reactor device synoptic diagram of Fig. 1 for using in the embodiment of the invention;
The electron microscope photo scanning of the aerobic particle mud that Fig. 2 obtains for the embodiment of the invention 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, adopt that aspect ratio is 3～12, the volume exchange rate is 80% sequence batch (sbr reactor device, reactor body is the synthetic glass cylinder, and cylinder virtual height 0.3～1.1m, barrel bore are 0.09m, and effective volume is 7L; The bottom of reactor is provided with one group of micro porous aeration head 4, adopt ACO electromagnetic type air compressor 2 air feed, aeration rate is regulated by spinner-type flowmeter 3, reactor is by water pump 9 water inlets, the time in each stage such as water inlet, anaerobism stirring, aeration, precipitation, draining is set according to the test needs, and realizes control automatically by time controller 7; Water inlet adds by water reservoir 6; The effect of agitator 10 is to make granule sludge be in suspended state at anaerobic stages by stirring; Enter drainage tray 8 by water port 12 after the sewage disposal; Regularly analyze monitoring as required from thief hole 11 water samplings; Reactor at room temperature moves summer, and about 25 ℃, water bath with thermostatic control was squeezed into recirculated water 13 by water pump 5 and controlled by water bath with thermostatic control 1 controlling reactor temperature winter; System pH value is controlled at 7～8.
1. add common cotton-shaped active sludge as kind of a mud in the sbr reactor device, sewage is taken from the real life sewage of certain biotope discharging, and sewage quality is: COD, 200～350mg/L; Ammonia nitrogen, 15～25mg/L; Total phosphorus, 6～8mg/L;
Sanitary sewage is added the sbr reactor device, under time controller control, sequence batch (sbr reactor device moves automatically by the mode of water inlet～aeration-anoxic-secondary aeration-precipitation-draining, the sequence batch (sbr reactor device cycle of operation is 7～8 hours, flooding time is 5 minutes, aeration time is 240 minutes, the anoxic time is 120～180 minutes, the secondary aeration time is 5 minutes, sedimentation time was controlled at 5～30 minutes, and reduce the settling time gradually by gradient according to the sludge settling changes of properties, water discharge time is 5～10 minutes, moves 3 cycles every day.
At the sbr reactor device postrun the 4th day, in dropping into the sanitary sewage of reactor, desire adds activated carbon powder and Mg
2+Wherein the activated carbon powder is crossed 30 mesh sieves, and the concentration that feeds intake is 1g/L, and the activated carbon powder only added once at the 4th day; Mg
2+The concentration that feeds intake be 0.6mmol/L; Mg
2+Each cycle after the 4th day reaches all needs to join in the sanitary sewage;
In this step, sludge retention time is 30d, and this stage is moved 20d altogether, 60 cycles; Cultivation domestication by this stage forms the aerobic particle mud with the fs of removing organism and simultaneous denitrification ability.
2. regulate time controller 7, sequence batch (sbr reactor device is moved automatically by the mode of water inlet-anaerobism stirring-aeration-precipitation-draining-leave standstill.Flooding time is 5 minutes, the anaerobism churning time is 120 minutes, aeration time is 240 minutes, and sedimentation time was controlled at 5 minutes, and water discharge time is 5 minutes, time of repose is 30 minutes, the sequence batch (sbr reactor device cycle of operation is 6.75h, moves 3 cycles every day, and sludge retention time is 20 days, this stage is moved 15 days altogether, 45 cycles; Tame the aerobic sludge particle that obtains by the cultivation in this stage and improved polyP bacteria and the quantity of denitrification phosphorus-collecting bacterium in granule sludge, and realized microorganism coexistence on multiple populations, multi-functional, the different generations cycle, the synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing ability is good.After the cultivation domestication of two stages, form synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing aerobic particle mud system.
On the aerobic sludge particle appearance that step obtains in 1. is a kind of orange-yellow sphere or ellipsoidal particle, and structure is closely knit, and there is the space inside, particle diameter is 0.3～1.2mm, and size has homogeneity preferably, and density is 1.015g/mL, and settling velocity is 19.8～36.7m/h; Electron-microscope scanning as shown in Figure 2 and microscopic examination result show that there are a lot of filamentous bacteriums on the granule sludge surface of initial formation, and their weave ins form the particle framework, and some coccuses and bacillus are distributed in wherein; Along with the operation of reactor, the thread fungus quantity of particle surface obviously tails off, and does not almost observe thread fungus after sophisticated granule sludge forms, and microorganism wherein is based on coccus and bacillus; The granule sludge surface attachment has a large amount of protozoons and miniature metazoan simultaneously.
The content that does not relate in the present embodiment is same as the prior art.
Embodiment 2
The aerobic particle mud that present embodiment adopts embodiment 1 to obtain is a seed sludge, handles low carbon source, high concentration N, phosphorus waste water in sequence batch (sbr reactor device shown in Figure 1, investigates the synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing ability of above-mentioned aerobic particle mud.Reactor body is the synthetic glass cylinder, and cylinder virtual height 1.1m, barrel bore are 0.09m, and effective volume is 7L; The bottom of reactor is provided with one group of micro porous aeration head 4, adopt ACO electromagnetic type air compressor 2 air feed, aeration rate is regulated by spinner-type flowmeter 3, reactor is by intake pump 9 water inlets, the time in each stage such as water inlet, aeration, precipitation, draining is set according to the test needs, and realizes control automatically by time controller 7; Reactor at room temperature moves summer, and winter, about 25 ℃, system pH value was controlled at 7～8 by water bath with thermostatic control controlling reactor temperature.
Present embodiment, moves by the mode of water inlet-anaerobism stirring-aeration-precipitation-draining-leave standstill under time controller and solenoid control automatically with the synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing aerobic particle mud sequence batch (sbr reactor device cultivated among the embodiment 1.
Detect certain community life sewage,, in sanitary sewage, add sodium acetate, NH according to the water quality detection result
4Cl and KH
2PO
4, the concentration of regulating total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in the sewage, low carbon source, high nitrogen-phosphorus wastewater after the adjusting are stored in water reservoir.The sanitary sewage water quality of adding after medicament is regulated is: COD, 250～500mg/L; Ammonia nitrogen, 25～50mg/L; Total phosphorus, 8～15mg/L; The sequence batch (sbr reactor device cycle of operation is 6.75h, flooding time is 5 minutes, and the anaerobism time is 120 minutes, and aeration time is 240 minutes, the concentration of dissolved oxygen is controlled at about 1mg/L in the aeration process, sedimentation time was controlled at 5 minutes, and water discharge time is 5 minutes, and time of repose is 30 minutes, quantitative spoil disposal of phase weekly, keeping the interior sludge concentration of reactor is 7～8g/L, and sludge retention time is 20d, moves 3 cycles every day.
The content that does not relate in the present embodiment is same as the prior art.
Experimental result shows, the effect stability of reactor for treatment biological nutrients in municipal sewage, and effluent quality is good; The per-cent of the shared sludge concentration of volatile constituent reaches about 90% in the granule sludge, the ratio that the denitrification phosphorus-collecting bacterium accounts for whole polyP bacterias in the granule sludge reaches more than 70%, and the ordinary activated sludge system only is 11.2%, the amount that the abundant and microorganism of microbial population in the granule sludge is described is far above ordinary activated sludge, and this makes reactor have higher treatment efficiency; And the synchronous denitrification dephosphorizing effect is the center with the carbon cycle, finish around the metabolism of the interior stored substance poly-beta-hydroxy-butyrate (PHB) of born of the same parents, be that aerobic particle mud is finished organic absorption at anaerobic stages, the release of storage and phosphorus, synchronous nitration and denitrification dephosphorization based on stored substance PHB in the born of the same parents has taken place in aerobic stage, it is the suction phosphorus of electron acceptor(EA) with the oxygen molecule that PHB is used for the aerobic polyP bacteria of granule sludge on the one hand, denitrifying bacteria and the denitrification phosphorus-collecting bacterium that is granule sludge inside as effective carbon source utilizes on the other hand, with the nitric nitrogen is electron acceptor(EA), carry out denitrification denitrogenation and denitrification phosphorus-collecting respectively, realized the synchronous removal of aerobic particle mud to nitrogen phosphorus, greatly simplified technical process, the a large amount of carbon sources and the energy have been saved, reduced surplus sludge volume, improved reaction efficiency, reactor is to ammonia nitrogen, total inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, the average removal rate of COD reaches 99.5% respectively, 83.9%, 95.9%, 97.3%, water outlet mean value is respectively 0.25mg/L, 8.1mg/L, 0.45mg/L and 13.5mg/L, the every index of water outlet all is better than " integrated wastewater discharge standard " primary standard.
Claims (2)
1. method for culturing aerobic granular sludge that the Treating Municipal Sewage biological nutrients is used is characterized in that comprising:
1. add cotton-shaped active sludge as kind of a mud in sequence batch (sbr reactor device, sanitary sewage is sent into sequence batch (sbr reactor device, sequence batch (sbr reactor device moves automatically by the mode of water inlet-aeration-anoxic-secondary aeration-precipitation-draining;
Added the activated carbon powder in the 4th day or the 5th day after beginning to cultivate in sanitary sewage, the concentration that feeds intake of activated carbon powder is 1g/L; Also has Mg with the activated carbon powder adds simultaneously
2+, control Mg
2+The concentration that feeds intake be 0.5～0.8mmol/L, and at Mg
2+In each water inlet cycle after adding, all need in sanitary sewage, to add Mg
2+
The sequence batch (sbr reactor device cycle of operation is 6～8 hours, moves 2～3 cycles every day, and sludge retention time is 20～30 days, and this stage is moved 10～20 days altogether, and 30～60 all after dates obtain having the aerobic particle mud of removing organism and simultaneous denitrification ability;
Wherein, the time of intaking in this step is 3～5 minutes, and the time of aeration is 180～240 minutes, and the anoxybiotic time is 120～180 minutes, and the time of secondary aeration is 3～5 minutes, and the sedimentary time is 5～30 minutes, and the time of draining is 5～10 minutes;
2. sequence batch (sbr reactor device moves automatically by the mode of water inlet-anaerobism stirring-aeration-precipitation-draining-leave standstill; The cycle of operation of sequence batch (sbr reactor device is 6～7h, moves 2～3 cycles every day, and sludge retention time is 20～25 days, and this stage is moved 10～15 days altogether, and 20～45 all after dates obtain having the aerobic particle mud of high efficiency synchronous denitrogenation dephosphorizing ability;
Wherein, the time of intaking in this step is 3～5 minutes, and the time that anaerobism stirs is 90～120 minutes, and the time of aeration is 180～240 minutes, and the sedimentary time was controlled at 3～5 minutes, and the time of draining is 5～10 minutes, and the time of leaving standstill is 30～60 minutes;
In the above-mentioned steps, the water quality of described sanitary sewage is: the content of COD is 200～350mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen content is 15～25mg/L, and the content of phosphorus is 6～8mg/L; The sequence batch (sbr reactor device pH of system value is controlled at 7～8.
2. the method for culturing aerobic granular sludge that Treating Municipal Sewage biological nutrients according to claim 1 is used, it is characterized in that described aerobic particle mud is orange-yellow sphere or ellipsoidal particle, structure is closely knit, there is the space inside, the particle diameter of aerobic particle mud is 0.3～1.2mm, density is 1.012～1.018g/mL, and settling velocity is 19.8～36.7m/h.
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| CN101962222A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-02-02 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院卫生学环境医学研究所 | Method for fast aerobic granulation of flocculent sludge in sequence batch reactor |
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| CN101962222B (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-10-19 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院卫生学环境医学研究所 | Method for fast aerobic granulation of flocculent sludge in sequence batch reactor |
| CN101962222A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-02-02 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院卫生学环境医学研究所 | Method for fast aerobic granulation of flocculent sludge in sequence batch reactor |
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