CN101756026A - Nutrient composition for enhancing shell hardening speed of shrimp and crab, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Nutrient composition for enhancing shell hardening speed of shrimp and crab, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nutrient composition for enhancing shell hardening speed of shrimp and crab. The composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-50% of calcium gluconate, 1-40% of shell factor, 1-40% of immunity enhancement factor and 1-40% of traditional Chinese medicine anti-stress factor. The nutrient composition contains a plurality of active ingredients indispensable for aquatic animal growth, effectively enhances calcium, increases shell hardening speed, effectively improves the immunity of the shrimp and crab organisms, supplements indispensable mineral matters and microelements in a shrimp and crab culturing water body, accelerates the shell hardening of the shrimp and crab, prevents the failure of the shrimp and crab shelling and has the advantages of no toxic or side effect or medicament residue, convenient use and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the nutritional agents field of aquiculture animal, especially a kind of alimentation composition that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed and preparation method thereof, application.
Background technology
China is the country of the maximum of aquaculture amount in the world, and in recent years, Chinese lake, river, marine site, reservoir, rice field aquatic products cultured area are progressively enlarging, and agricultural, fishery, hydraulic department are all participating in aquaculture.Fast development along with China's freshwater shrimps and crabs aquaculture, cultured area and production-scale continuous expansion, improving constantly of the rapid increase of cultured output and intensification degree, many potential technical problems also progressively come out, and the control of people prawn crab disease is also more and more paid attention to.That sells on the market now is used for replenishing the required calcareous and micro-medicine of shrimp crab, composition is single mostly, uses a certain product can not system comprehensively to supplement the nutrients DeGrain separately, and repeatedly use different medicines to improve aquaculture cost, increased breed difficulty and workload.Simultaneously, because various outside causes, the physical qualification of cultivated animals has very big difference during medication, and is just very poor to the absorbability of medicine when the physical qualification of cultivated animals own is in-problem, causes medication also to be difficult to the effect that reaches desirable.Therefore, a kind of nutritional supplementation is comprehensive and have raising shrimp crab immunity of organisms concurrently, and the exploitation that improves the nutritional medicine of animal body inherence and exterior quality meets market demand.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of alimentation composition that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed, said composition can effectively strengthen calcareous, improves shell hardening speed, has no side effect, and can effectively prevent and treat shrimp, crab soft-shell disease.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method who strengthens the alimentation composition of shrimp, crab shell hardening speed.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of application that strengthens the alimentation composition of shrimp, crab shell hardening speed.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of alimentation composition that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed, its composition component and percentage by weight thereof are respectively:
Calcium gluconae 1～50%;
The duricrust factor 1～40%;
Immunity enhancer 1～40%;
The anti-stress factor 1～40% of Chinese medicine.
And the described duricrust factor is wherein one or more the combination in BIOLOGICAL CALCIUM, calcium lactate, calcium citrate, the calcium carbonate.
And the component and the percentage by weight thereof of described immune enhancer are respectively:
Vitamin C 10～30%;
Vitamin D 10～30%;
Levamisole hydrochloride 10～30%;
FK-565 10～30％；
In the muramyl dipeptide 10～30%.
And the anti-stress factor of described Chinese medicine is an astragalus polyose.
A kind of preparation method who strengthens the alimentation composition of shrimp, crab shell hardening speed, its step is as follows:
(1). wherein one or more combinations that take by weighing in BIOLOGICAL CALCIUM, calcium lactate, calcium citrate, the calcium carbonate according to proportioning mix after pulverizing, sieving, and promptly get the duricrust factor;
(2). take by weighing vitamin C according to proportioning, vitamin D, levamisole hydrochloride, FK-565, muramyl dipeptide mix after pulverizing, sieving, and promptly get immune enhancer;
(3). take by weighing according to proportioning and promptly to get the anti-stress factor of Chinese medicine after astragalus polyose is pulverized, sieved;
(4). take by weighing calcium gluconae according to proportioning and pulverize, sieve and mix, promptly get the alimentation composition that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed with the duricrust factor, immune enhancer, the anti-stress factor of Chinese medicine.
And the alimentation composition of described enhancing shrimp, crab shell hardening speed is made into the aqueous solution by 10% mass percent.
A kind of application of alimentation composition in preparing prevention and treatment shrimp, crab soft-shell disease medicine that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
1. the anti-stress factor of Chinese medicine of the alimentation composition of this enhancing shrimp, crab shell hardening speed and immune enhancer can improve shrimp crab body resistivity, make it can digest and assimilate nutriment in the water body more effectively.
2. the duricrust factor alive of the alimentation composition of this enhancing shrimp, crab shell hardening speed and immune enhancer can be replenished necessary mineral matter and the trace element in the shrimp crab breeding water body, make shrimp, the sclerosis of crab crust fast, prevent that the shelling of shrimp crab is unsuccessful, play excellent prevention and result of treatment.
3. the alimentation composition of this enhancing shrimp, crab shell hardening speed cooperates shrimp, crab shelling somatotropin class feed to mix use, can effectively promote shelling, and shell difficulty or long ciliophoran shrimp, crab shelling are had special efficacy; Simultaneously, the present invention can improve meat taste, the hardness that significantly improves its shell and the color and luster of crustaceans such as shrimp, crab.
4. the preparation method of the alimentation composition of this enhancing shrimp, crab shell hardening speed is simple, and cost is lower, and its active ingredient can be absorbed by aquiculture animal easily, and the time is short, efficient is high.
5. contain the necessary active ingredient of multiple aquatic animal growth among the present invention, effectively strengthen calcareous, improve shell hardening speed, have no side effect, more can not produce medicament residue, easy to use, cost is lower, can effectively improve shrimp, crab body resistivity, replenishes necessary mineral matter and trace element in the shrimp crab breeding water body, make shrimp, the sclerosis of crab crust fast, prevent that the shelling of shrimp crab is unsuccessful.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail by following examples.Need to prove: following embodiment is illustrative, is not determinate, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with following embodiment.
Calcium gluconae among the present invention, BIOLOGICAL CALCIUM, calcium lactate, calcium citrate, calcium carbonate, vitamin C, vitamin D, levamisole hydrochloride, FK-565, muramyl dipeptide and astragalus polyose all can be bought on market and obtain.
Embodiment 1
A kind of alimentation composition that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed, its composition component and weight thereof are respectively: calcium gluconae 40g; Duricrust factor 20g; Immunity enhancer 20g; The anti-stress factor 20g of Chinese medicine; Its duricrust factor is that BIOLOGICAL CALCIUM 5g, calcium lactate 5g, calcium citrate 5g, calcium carbonate 5g form; Its immune enhancer vitamin C 5g, vitamin D 5g, levamisole hydrochloride 5g, FK-565 3g, muramyl dipeptide 2g; The anti-stress factor of its Chinese medicine is an astragalus polyose.
A kind of preparation method who strengthens the alimentation composition of shrimp, crab shell hardening speed, its step is as follows:
(1). wherein one or more combinations that take by weighing in BIOLOGICAL CALCIUM, calcium lactate, calcium citrate, the calcium carbonate according to proportioning mix after pulverizing, sieving, and promptly get the duricrust factor;
(2). take by weighing vitamin C according to proportioning, vitamin D, levamisole hydrochloride, FK-565, muramyl dipeptide mix after pulverizing, sieving, and promptly get immune enhancer;
(3). take by weighing according to proportioning and promptly to get the anti-stress factor of Chinese medicine after astragalus polyose is pulverized, sieved;
(4). take by weighing calcium gluconae according to proportioning and pulverize, sieve and mix, promptly get the alimentation composition that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed with the duricrust factor, immune enhancer, the anti-stress factor of Chinese medicine.
The alimentation composition that the present invention strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed can be made into the aqueous solution by 10% mass percent, full pool spilling head, every 667m
3Water body 150ml of the present invention when being in a bad way, reuses once every other day.
Embodiment 2
A kind of alimentation composition that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed, its composition component and weight thereof are respectively: calcium gluconae 40g; Duricrust factor 25g; Immunity enhancer 20g; Astragalus polyose 15g; Its duricrust factor is a calcium lactate; Its immune enhancer vitamin C 5g, vitamin D 5g, levamisole hydrochloride 5g, FK-565 3g, muramyl dipeptide 2g.
The step of its preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of alimentation composition that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed, its composition component and weight thereof are respectively: calcium gluconae 40g; Duricrust factor 25g; Immunity enhancer 15g; Astragalus polyose 20g; Its duricrust factor is a calcium citrate; Its immune enhancer vitamin C 3g, vitamin D 4g, levamisole hydrochloride 3g, FK-5653g, muramyl dipeptide 2g.
The step of its preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
A kind of alimentation composition that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed, its composition component and weight thereof are respectively: calcium gluconae 35g; Duricrust factor 25g; Immunity enhancer 20g; Astragalus polyose 20g; Its duricrust factor is a calcium carbonate; Its immune enhancer vitamin C 3g, vitamin D 6g, levamisole hydrochloride 3g, FK-565 4g, muramyl dipeptide 4g.
The step of its preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
A kind of alimentation composition that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed, its composition component and weight thereof are respectively: calcium gluconae 45g; Duricrust factor 20g; Immunity enhancer 20g; Astragalus polyose 15g; Its duricrust factor is that BIOLOGICAL CALCIUM 5g, calcium lactate 5g, calcium citrate 5g, calcium carbonate 5g form; Its immune enhancer vitamin C 5g, cholecalciferol g, levamisole hydrochloride 2g, FK-565 5g, muramyl dipeptide 5g.
The step of its preparation method is with embodiment 1.
A kind of application of alimentation composition in preparing prevention and treatment shrimp, crab soft-shell disease medicine that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed.
Clinical testing
Test method
Test and control group are all cultivated moving crab with net cage, and net cage respectively is 28 meters, make with close eye polythene net cloth, and 0.2 centimetre of mesh, case is high 1 meter, 0.6 meter of entry, long 7 meters of case, wide 4 meters every casees are fixed with 62 meters high stubs, adjustable water saving layer.10 meters of case and case line-spacings, 4 meters of spacings, net cage is with cover, and an end stays 1 meter opening, fraps, and is convenient to throw raise, observe.Put hydrilla verticillata in every case, 30 kilograms of submerged plants such as poly-grass are convenient to young crab and perch and descend 40 in net cage altogether, 1120 meters.The choosing wherein 8 be used for test determination.
Measuring the average specification of young crab when on-test puts in a suitable place to breed is 2.2 grams, and every of chamber is put 9545, and every in case of contrast is put 9589.Feedstuff feeding, throw something and feed 1 at 4 o'clock in afternoon every day, day feeding volume be in the case young crab TBW 20%, hay varieties is mainly the fish gruel, boils the paddy of burning, flour, dish leaf etc., adds the present invention in the chamber in addition, consumption is 0.2%, mixes and stirs in feed.The throwing amount of raising increases and decreases according to weather, water temperature, the young crab situation of ingesting.
Result of the test
1. growth measurement: each organizes 10 of grab sample, weighing is asked its mean value, the present invention's individual production comparative test result of young crab of throwing something and feeding shows, in 3 months growth period, the young crab of the present invention of throwing something and feeding, each month, being grown to of general feeds of all throwing something and feeding in measuring be fast, from last measurement result, the test group shell is wide 4.21 centimetres, 3.55 centimetres than control group have increased by 18.6%, and the shell of test group is long to increase by 3.54 centimetres, than 3.15 centimetres of increases by 12.4% of control group, the body weight of test group increases by 9.53 grams, than 8.71 gram growths by 9.4% of control group.
2. young crab is incorporated into the power networks and survives the winter, and adds rising that the present invention throws something and feeds and catches 53.6 kilograms of young crabs, every heavy 9.53 grams, obtain 5624 of young crabs altogether, working the rate of catching is 58.92%, does not add of the present invention and catches 48.7 kilograms of young crabs, every heavy 8.71 grams obtain 5591 of young crabs altogether, and working the rate of catching is 58.30%.The cultivation result data shows that it is high by 0.62% that test group works the rate of catching than control group, and crab kind output is high by 10.1%.Test group colony weightening finish multiple is 2.77, and control group is 2.33, and test group is higher by 18.9% than control group.
Brief summary
Growth measurement and rise and to catch young crab weighing result and show adds the present invention young crab of throwing something and feeding in the feed, can promote young crab shell and growth, though it is not obvious that river crab is survived influence, to river crab grow, increasing weight has bigger effect.Under similarity condition and method for breeding contrast, raised young crab 3 months. test group is than the wide increase by 18.6% of control group shell, and shell is long to increase by 12.4%, and whose body weight increases by 9.4%, and gross weight increases by 10.1%, and colony's weightening finish multiple is high by 18.9%.Result such as following table:
The characteristic of component of the present invention:
1. calcium gluconae can reduce capillary permeability as medicine, increases density, keeps NE neural and muscle, strengthens myocardial contractive power, and forms with helping sclerotin, is applicable to irritated illness, as nettle rash; Eczema; Puritus cutaneus; Contact dermatitis, and serum sickness; Angioneurotic edema is as supplemental treatment, is applicable to that also tic and magnesium that blood calcium is crossed due to low poisons, and also is used for prevention and treatment acalcicosis etc., as food additives, as buffer; Curing agent; Chelating agent; Nutritional supplement.
2. (Levamisole LMS) is the laevoisomer of Anthelvet to levamisol, its hydrochloride commonly used or phosphate.Levamisole hydrochloride (Levamisole Hydrochloride), (s)-(-)-6-phenyl-2,3,5, the 6-imidazolidine is [2,1-b] thiazole hydrochloride also, and levamisole hydrochloride structural formula 1 is as follows:
Structural formula 1
LMS (levamisol) is imidazoles a pair of horses going side by side thiazoles anthelmintic of wide spectrum commonly used during animal produces, efficient, low toxicity, safety.Discover, it is except the function with expelling parasite, also has immunoregulation effect, it mainly passes through to improve activity, the lymphocytic generation of stimulation or the secretion lymphokine of phagocyte and neutrophil cell in the aquatic livestock body, improve antalzyme activity in leukocytic metabolic capability and the serum, the generation of induce antibody and the generation of complement wait the immunity that strengthens body, can be used for the anti-inflammation, antiviral and promote aspect such as growth of animal.
3.MDP be muramyl dipeptide (N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine; N-acetyl group muramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine) low molecular peptide that obtains by mycobacterium.MDP is the minimum active unit that still possesses the tuberculosis vaccines adjuvant effect on the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell membrane, molecular weight＜500.This dipeptides can activating macrophage and bone-marrow-derived lymphocyte and complement pathway as immunopotentiating agent, it and 5-HT are incorporated on the same acceptor site of macrophage, engulfing, synthesizing and secreting function by EGFR-TK or triggering of protein kinase c approach and activated mononuclear cell.Macrophage plays a role by endocytosis and secretion series of effects molecule just.MDP can significantly promote rat abdominal cavity macrophage TNF secretion, and this material is the topmost effector molecule of macrophage performance CDCC.
4.FK-565 (heptanoyly-D-glutamyl-L-meso-diaminopimelyl-D-alanine, heptanone-γ-D-glutamic acid-L-meso-diaminourea two bases in heptan-D-alanine) is a kind of lactoyl tetrapeptide that is separated by Streptomyces olivaceogriseus culture.It has the ability that makes animal improve anti-microbial infection.Be activated to having strengthened the cytophagous activity of rainbow trout behind the rainbow trout injection FK-565 to the opposing, particularly rainbow trout of aeromonas salmonicida (Aeromonas salmonicida).When handling rainbow trout, can stimulate rainbow trout spleen medium size lymphocyte to produce more multispecific antibody with the FK.565 that mixes with the lipopolysaccharides vaccine of salmon Aeromonas.
5. the anti-stress factor of Chinese medicine is that astragalus polyose is one of main active of the Radix Astragali, and because of it is strengthening immunity of organisms, hypoglycemic, there is stronger activity anti-ageing aspect and receives much concern.Astragalus polyose can significantly strengthen non-specific immune function and humoral immune function, significantly strengthen the phagocytic function of mouse macrophage, promote serum hemolysin to form, raising plaque forming cells's haemolysis function and tangible carbon are from effect of cleaning up and the obvious spleen weight that increases.
Claims (7)
1. alimentation composition that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed, it is characterized in that: said composition component and percentage by weight thereof are respectively:
Calcium gluconae 1～50%;
The duricrust factor 1～40%;
Immunity enhancer 1～40%;
The anti-stress factor 1～40% of Chinese medicine.
2. the alimentation composition of enhancing shrimp according to claim 1, crab shell hardening speed, it is characterized in that: the described duricrust factor is wherein one or more the combination in BIOLOGICAL CALCIUM, calcium lactate, calcium citrate, the calcium carbonate.
3. the alimentation composition of enhancing shrimp according to claim 1, crab shell hardening speed, it is characterized in that: the component and the percentage by weight thereof of described immune enhancer are respectively:
Vitamin C 10～30%;
Vitamin D 10～30%;
Levamisole hydrochloride 10～30%;
FK-565 10～30％；
In the muramyl dipeptide 10～30%.
4. the alimentation composition of enhancing shrimp according to claim 1, crab shell hardening speed, it is characterized in that: the anti-stress factor of described Chinese medicine is an astragalus polyose.
5. the preparation method of the alimentation composition of an enhancing as claimed in claim 1 shrimp, crab shell hardening speed, it is characterized in that: this preparation method's step is as follows:
(1). wherein one or more combinations that take by weighing in BIOLOGICAL CALCIUM, calcium lactate, calcium citrate, the calcium carbonate according to proportioning mix after pulverizing, sieving, and promptly get the duricrust factor;
(2). take by weighing vitamin C, vitamin D, levamisole hydrochloride, FK-565, muramyl dipeptide according to proportioning and mix after pulverizing, sieving, promptly get immune enhancer;
(3). take by weighing according to proportioning and promptly to get the anti-stress factor of Chinese medicine after astragalus polyose is pulverized, sieved;
(4). take by weighing calcium gluconae according to proportioning and pulverize, sieve and mix, promptly get the alimentation composition that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed with the duricrust factor, immune enhancer, the anti-stress factor of Chinese medicine.
6. the preparation method of the alimentation composition of enhancing shrimp according to claim 5, crab shell hardening speed is characterized in that: the alimentation composition of described enhancing shrimp, crab shell hardening speed is made into the aqueous solution by 10% mass percent.
7. the application of alimentation composition in preparing prevention and treatment shrimp, crab soft-shell disease medicine that strengthens shrimp, crab shell hardening speed as claimed in claim 1.
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| CN102599356A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-07-25 | 广东粤海饲料集团有限公司 | Feed additive for preventing soft shell disease of macrobrachium rosenbergii |
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| CN103704531A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-09 | 防城港市宇洋科技开发有限责任公司 | Calcium supplement for aquaculture and preparation method of calcium supplement |
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| CN104273345A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2015-01-14 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Complex immunity enhancer for Macrobra'chiumrosenbergiideman and application of complex immunity enhancer |
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Application publication date: 20100630 |