The method for synchronous of a kind of distributed power source and electrical network
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric power system control method, be specifically related to solve when a kind of distributed power source is connected to the grid the method for voltage fluctuation.
Background technology
Along with the development of regenerative resources such as photovoltaic/wind power generation, distributed power source obtains increasingly extensive application; The effect of distributed power generation power supply is that solar energy, wind energy, chemical energy etc. are converted into electric energy, and the electric energy form that obtains after the different energy is changed is different; The electric energy that obtains after by power conversion such as, systems such as photovoltaic generation, fuel cell is the direct current form, and the electric energy that systems such as wind power generation, little gas turbine obtain is a form of communication.Combining inverter is the important component part of distributed power generation grid-connected system, its effect is that direct current is converted into alternating current, and the alternating current that conversion is obtained can satisfy and line voltage frequency together, the same width of cloth, the requirement of being incorporated into the power networks of homophase, in addition, combining inverter also should have very high validity and reliability, to guarantee grid-connected system, the safety of local load and electrical network, when being incorporated into the power networks, combining inverter is converted to the direct current form that is applicable to that inverter is incorporated into the power networks with the output of these distributed power sources usually, by adjusting dc voltage, make voltage reach the scope that inverter can operate as normal, but the scope in the adjustment of combining inverter at present can not adapt to electrical network, usually electrical network is caused over current fault and vibration.
Summary of the invention
Excessive for solving in the prior art distributed power grid time-harmonic wave that is connected to the grid, cause the problem of over current fault, the invention provides and a kind ofly seamlessly be incorporated into the power networks, can suppress Yin Maoci and the frequent saltus step that causes and the method for vibration.Concrete steps are as follows: the method for synchronous of a kind of distributed power source and electrical network, the distributed power source, combining inverter, output filter, isolating transformer and the static switch that comprise connection, distributed power source 1 is interchange by combining inverter 2 inversions, behind output filter 3, by isolating transformer 4 by static switch 5 feed-in electrical networks, it is characterized in that, be connected with detection module between combining inverter and the electrical network, described detection module is carried out following steps:
The output voltage values of distributed power source and the output current value of combining inverter are obtained in A, (1);
(2) obtain the magnitude of voltage of electrical network;
B, distributed power source output voltage values and line voltage value are calculated, obtain the voltage comparison value between distributed power source and the line voltage,
(1) the voltage comparison value is then connected static switch and is connected to the grid in default error range;
(2) the voltage comparison value then disconnects the adjusted in concert step that static switch changes C over to outside default error range;
C, the electric current comparison value of voltage comparison value and distributed power source is regulated the voltage synchronization value that obtains combining inverter after the conversion, wherein, the electric current comparison value obtains after being compared by the output current value of combining inverter and preset value;
D, to utilize the voltage synchronization value of C to regulate the output of combining inverter consistent with electrical network, connects static switch then and be connected to the grid.
Another optimal way of the present invention: the magnitude of voltage of distributed power source is to obtain by the Park conversion by the Clarke conversion earlier again among the described A.
Another optimal way of the present invention: the magnitude of voltage of electrical network is to obtain by the Park conversion by the Clarke conversion earlier again among the described A.
Another optimal way of the present invention: the combining inverter output current value passes through the Park conversion again through the Clarke conversion earlier among the described C, obtain the distributed power source output current value under the rotational coordinates, after output current value and electric current preset value calculated, obtain the electric current comparison value.
Another optimal way of the present invention: described voltage synchronization value adopts following step to obtain:
(1) electric current comparison value and voltage comparison value are regulated through pi regulator respectively after, calculate feedback signal again,
(2) output voltage values of feedback signal and distributed power source calculates the back as the voltage given value,
(3) the voltage given value through the Park inverse transformation, is passed through the Clarke inverse transformation earlier again,
(4) pass through the drive signal that pulse width modulator obtains the combining inverter power tube again.
Another optimal way of the present invention: wherein: described phase angle theta adopts three-phase phase-locked loop to obtain.
The method for synchronous of distributed power source provided by the invention and electrical network, realized the seamless combination of distributed power supply system and electrical network, to the detection quick and precisely of frequency, amplitude and the phase place of both sides' voltage, when the condition of being incorporated into the power networks satisfies, send the signal that is incorporated into the power networks accurately, realize seamlessly being incorporated into the power networks fast.The present invention is corresponding with two-dimensional coordinate with three-dimensional coordinate, obtains phase angle theta, according to rotational coordinates down relatively dq axle value obtain a difference, this difference and preset value relatively if satisfy the condition that is incorporated into the power networks then trigger the thyristor of static switch, are realized seamless being incorporated into the power networks.The alternating current that utilizes combining inverter is as being incorporated into the power networks feedback signal, and to make the combining inverter output current be 0 as far as possible, avoided over current fault occurring before being incorporated into the power networks, thereby protected equipment.The electrical network phase angle theta adopts three-phase phase-locked loop to realize, the ability of real-time tracking electrical network three-phase voltage frequency and phase place is preferably arranged, dynamically and static characteristic good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 distributed power source schematic diagram that is connected to the grid
The rotational coordinates schematic diagram that Fig. 2 two-dimensional coordinate and three-dimensional coordinate stack form
Fig. 3 schematic flow sheet of the present invention
Fig. 4 the present invention asks the phase angle theta circuit diagram
Embodiment
The present invention mainly comprises the detection of line voltage, the detection of combining inverter 2 output voltages, the detection of combining inverter 2 output currents, the dq conversion of line voltage and combining inverter output voltage, the dq conversion of combining inverter output current, and by phase-locked loop (Phase Locked Loop, PLL) the electrical network phase angle theta that obtains, when not being incorporated into the power networks, the deviation of the dq conversion by detection of grid voltage and combining inverter output voltage determines whether to satisfy the condition that is incorporated into the power networks, the dq reference value that electric current loop is set simultaneously is 0, avoiding occurring over current fault, realizes accurately being incorporated into the power networks safely and fast of distributed power source.
This method is obtained the output voltage values of distributed power source 1 and electrical network earlier, as shown in Figure 1, the connection diagram of distributed power source 1 and electrical network, mainly comprise distributed power source 1, combining inverter 2, output filter 3, isolating transformer 4, static switch 5 and detection module 6, distributed power source 1 output current passes through isolating transformer 4 by static switch 5 feed-in AC network through output filter 3 after being interchange by combining inverter 2 inversions.
As shown in Figure 3, detection module 6 mainly comprises voltage, current acquisition and Clarke7, Park8 conversion, line voltage and comparison, analog switch 11, hysteresis loop comparator 10 and the signal that is incorporated into the power networks of combining inverter voltage, anti-Clarke, Park conversion and the PWM pulse-width modulation 9 under rotating coordinate system of distributed power source and electrical network.And network process in, elder generation is with the output three-phase voltage and the process Clarke7 conversion earlier respectively of electrical network three-phase voltage of combining inverter 2, pass through the Park8 conversion again, the coordinate transforming relation of Clarke and Park as shown in Figure 2, obtain distributed power source magnitude of voltage Ud_m, Uq_m and line voltage value Ud_g, Uq_g under the rotational coordinates after the conversion, wherein Clarke and Park transformation for mula are as follows:
The Clarke transformation for mula:
The Park transformation for mula:
V
d=V
α*cos(θ)+V
β*sin(θ)
V
q=-V
α*sin(θ)+V
β*cos(θ)
Distributed power source 1 magnitude of voltage Ud_m, the Uq_m and line voltage value Ud_g, the Uq_g that draw are compared, obtain voltage comparison value Δ Ud and Δ Uq, this voltage comparison value compares through preset threshold value in hysteresis loop comparator 10 and the analog switch 11 respectively, if within default scope then output " 1 ", otherwise output " 0 ", with the output logic value of Δ Ud and Δ Uq carry out again with, with the logical value of door output as judging whether to satisfy the condition that is incorporated into the power networks.
In this method logical signal " 1 " is made as and satisfies the condition that is incorporated into the power networks, hysteresis loop comparator 10 sends corresponding closure signal to static switch 5, close analog switch 11 simultaneously, analog switch is the passage of distributed power source 1 and line voltage error signal, after static switch 5 closures, to not need this two error signals, and just not need to adjust synchronously, after distributed power source directly is connected to the grid.
Logical signal " 0 " is made as the dissatisfied condition that is incorporated into the power networks, hysteresis loop comparator 10 sends corresponding cut-off signal to static switch 5, and the analog switch of conducting simultaneously 11 needs to regulate the output voltage and the phase place thereof of combining inverter 1 this moment, with consistent, thereby reach the condition of being incorporated into the power networks with electrical network.Detection module 6 is with the output current process Clarke and the Park conversion of combining inverter 1, obtain distributed power source output current value Id_m and Iq_m under the rotational coordinates, the preceding current reference value Idref=0 if distributed power source is incorporated into the power networks, Iqref=0, to regulate the combining inverter output current is 0, over current fault occurs and damage equipment before can avoiding being incorporated into the power networks, then current value I d_m and Iq_m and current reference value Idref, Iqref are compared, obtain electric current comparison value Δ Id and Δ Iq.
Obtain feedback signal Ud_feedback behind the voltage comparison value Δ Ud process pi regulator A12 with behind the electric current comparison value Δ Id process pi regulator C14, obtain feedback signal Uq_feedback behind the voltage comparison value Δ Uq process pi regulator B13 with behind the electric current comparison value Δ Iq process pi regulator D15, with feedback signal Ud_feedback and Uq_feedback and distributed power source output voltage values Ud_m, the relatively back voltage given value of Uq_m as combining inverter, the voltage given value is earlier through the Park conversion, pass through the Clarke conversion again, obtained the voltage synchronization value of combining inverter then by PWM pulse-width modulation 9, the voltage synchronization value that obtain this moment is the concrete voltage data that combining inverter need be adjusted.
When carrying out Park conversion and inverse transformation, line voltage and combining inverter output voltage and current signal all to use phase angle theta, there are various methods can obtain phase angle theta in the prior art, but all there are some defectives, such as crossing the zero balancing phase-locked loop, it calculates phase place by detecting zero crossing.Because zero crossing only occurs once in every half period, point-to-point transmission can not obtain phase information, and zero crossing disturbs very responsively to harmonic wave, asymmetric etc., so the testing result that obtains, its static and dynamic performance is poor, and error is big; Another kind is under static rotating coordinate system U α _ g and U β _ g to be carried out the arc tangent conversion also can obtain phase angle theta, and this detection method detects than zero crossing and improves to some extent, but need design filter preferably in the time of power network fluctuation; As shown in Figure 4, the angle theta of α axle and d axle is that three-phase phase-locked loop obtains among the present invention, it is tried to achieve according to rotating coordinate system, phase-locked realization realizes by setting d shaft voltage reference value Udref=0, with actual Ud output valve Ud_error relatively by the angular frequency that pi regulator E obtains electrical network, can obtain the electrical network phase angle theta through integrator again.