CN103336550A - Photovoltaic power generation maximum power point tracing method and maximum power point tracing controller - Google Patents

Photovoltaic power generation maximum power point tracing method and maximum power point tracing controller Download PDF

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CN103336550A
CN103336550A CN2013101923584A CN201310192358A CN103336550A CN 103336550 A CN103336550 A CN 103336550A CN 2013101923584 A CN2013101923584 A CN 2013101923584A CN 201310192358 A CN201310192358 A CN 201310192358A CN 103336550 A CN103336550 A CN 103336550A
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maximum power
power point
amplitude
frequency
formula
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CN103336550B (en
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朱传耀
井天军
黄秀琼
杨仁刚
杨明皓
白先红
奉斌
唐云峰
王文成
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China Agricultural University
Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
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China Agricultural University
Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, and discloses a maximum power point tracing method, a maximum power point tracing controller and a photovoltaic inverter. The method comprises the steps of performing phase-locked loop calculation on network voltage uG to obtain an amplitude UG and frequency f, calculating maximum power point correction delta P according to UG or f, further correcting delta P, obtaining correction delta P*, superimposing delta P* on P<*>max, and obtaining a corrected maximum power point P*, wherein P<*>max is a maximum power point obtained by a scanning method. The maximum power point tracing controller comprises an MPPT (maximum power point tracing) module, a correction module and a superposition module. With the adoption of the technical scheme, the obtained maximum power point can be corrected and traced through the voltage amplitude and frequency fluctuation information fed back by measuring the network voltage, so that the optimal operation point satisfying stabilization of the network voltage is obtained.

Description

Photovoltaic maximum power point tracking and MPPT maximum power point tracking controller
Technical field
The present invention relates to the photovoltaic power generation technology field, particularly a kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking, a kind of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller and a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Background technology
Sun power is as a kind of regenerative resource of flood tide, and the emittance that arrives earth surface every day is equivalent to the energy of several hundred million ten thousand barrels of oil combustions.The sun power that development and utilization is abundant, wide, can not produce or produce seldom environment and pollute, sun power is that the energy of recent urgent need replenishes, and is again the basis of future source of energy structure, expect the middle of this century, solar energy power generating will become one of human basic energy resource.But because illumination is subjected to cloud layer, variable effect round the clock, power output is unstable, has intermittent and random fluctuation, therefore can stablize the electric voltage frequency of access electric power system and cause very big influence.
At present the solution that adopts is to ignore low capacity equipment, and then by the output of centralized dispatching restriction photovoltaic generation power, the electric equipment electric information of institute's hair of having jurisdiction over is collected by scheduling or control center, carries out power and energy equilibrium for middle large capacity equipment.But control accuracy is influenced by communication speed to reach good real-time in the existing method, and under the situation that management equipment quantity increases severely, the processor expense is excessive, influences operation stability in addition.At present under the policy support of country, the big capacity of photovoltaic, insert power distribution network on a large scale and become inexorable trend, the expansion of single-machine capacity and the increase of total number make current methods can not satisfy the needs of power distribution network safety and stability.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters to be solved
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking, MPPT maximum power point tracking controller and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, can measure the voltage magnitude of feedback, the maximum power point that frequency jitter information correction tracking obtains by line voltage, thereby be met the stable best operating point of line voltage.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention proposes a kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking, said method comprising the steps of:
S1, with line voltage u GCalculate amplitude U through phaselocked loop GAnd frequency f;
S2, according to amplitude U GOr frequency f calculates maximum power point correction amount P;
S3, Δ P is further revised, obtain correction amount P*, and with Δ P* and P * MaxSuperpose, obtain revised maximum power point P*, wherein, P * MaxBe the maximum power point that adopts scanning method to obtain.
Optionally, step S2 specifically comprises:
Judge output current i GAmplitude whether greater than grid-connected current I GAmplitude, if, then adopt first formula to calculate Δ P, otherwise, adopt second formula to calculate Δ P,
Described first formula is:
ΔP=k U(U G–U GN)
Wherein, k UBe voltage-meritorious correction factor, U GNBe electrical network rated voltage effective value,
Described second formula is:
ΔP=k f(f–f N)
Wherein, k fBe frequency-meritorious correction factor, f NBe line voltage frequency ratings.
Optionally, among the step S3, Δ P further revised specifically comprise:
Δ P is utilized function C (P N, P Dc) further revise, wherein,
C(P N,P dc)=(P N/P dc) 2
P NBe photovoltaic output rated power, P DcBe the direct current power input.
The present invention has proposed a kind of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller simultaneously, and described MPPT maximum power point tracking controller comprises MPPT module, correcting module and laminating module, and described laminating module links to each other with described MPPT module and described correcting module respectively, wherein:
Described MPPT module is used for adopting scanning method to calculate maximum power point P * Max
Described correcting module is used for line voltage u GCalculate amplitude U through phaselocked loop GWith frequency f, and according to amplitude U GOr frequency f calculates maximum power point correction amount P, then Δ P further revised, and obtains correction amount P*;
Described laminating module is used for Δ P* and P * MaxSuperpose, obtain revised maximum power point P*.
Optionally, described correcting module comprises PLL submodule, the first correction submodule and the second correction submodule that links to each other successively, wherein:
Described PLL submodule is used for line voltage u GCalculate amplitude U through phaselocked loop GAnd frequency f;
Described first revises submodule is used for judging output current i GAmplitude whether greater than grid-connected current I GAmplitude, if, then adopt first formula to calculate Δ P, otherwise, adopt second formula to calculate Δ P,
Described first formula is:
ΔP=k U(U G–U GN)
k UBe voltage-meritorious correction factor, U GNBe electrical network rated voltage effective value,
Described second formula is:
ΔP=k f(f–f N)
k fBe frequency-meritorious correction factor, f NBe line voltage frequency ratings;
Described second revises submodule is used for Δ P is further revised, and obtains correction amount P*.
Optionally, described second revise submodule for Δ P is utilized function C (P N, P Dc) further revise, wherein,
C(P N,P dc)=(P N/P dc) 2
P NBe photovoltaic output rated power, P DcBe the direct current power input.
The invention allows for a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises described MPPT maximum power point tracking controller.
(3) beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, the technical scheme of the present invention's proposition has following advantage:
1, measures the voltage magnitude of feedback, the maximum power point that frequency jitter information correction tracking obtains by line voltage, thereby be met the stable best operating point of line voltage;
2, adopt the different capabilities photovoltaic combining inverter of described MPPT maximum power point tracking controller to realize the photovoltaic generator group control by high speed on-scene communication bus, and need not to change original hardware configuration;
3, the equipment of the present invention's proposition need not to adopt the real-time control of master slave mode, and only need to adjust power output according to local ac bus voltage, can weaken or eliminate the photovoltaic generation undulatory property to the influence of power distribution network voltage stability, use cost is low, hardware spending is little, can satisfy the power control requirement that the photovoltaic distributed power generation inserts little electrical network or power distribution network;
4, after many photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter parallel connections, by the coordination control to its maximum power point, can increase the access point voltage stability, each inverter is pressed line voltage or frequency adjustment synchronously, and the no disturbance of working between mutually works alone, inverter is whole by the parameter work of design in advance, real-time is good, and the structure that this method does not rely on equipment has an effect, and is convenient to transplant and promote.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the basic flow sheet of the photovoltaic maximum power point tracking that proposes of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the principle of work synoptic diagram of a kind of embodiment of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller under the separate unit pattern that propose of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the principle of work synoptic diagram of a kind of embodiment of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller under many paralleling models that propose of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention proposes a kind of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking, as shown in Figure 1, said method comprising the steps of:
S1, with line voltage u GCalculate amplitude U through phaselocked loop GAnd frequency f;
S2, according to amplitude U GOr frequency f calculates maximum power point correction amount P;
S3, Δ P is further revised, obtain correction amount P*, and with Δ P* and P * MaxSuperpose, obtain revised maximum power point P*, wherein, P * MaxBe the maximum power point that adopts scanning method to obtain.
Preferably, step S2 specifically comprises:
Judge output current i GAmplitude whether greater than grid-connected current I GAmplitude, if, then adopt first formula to calculate Δ P, otherwise, adopt second formula to calculate Δ P,
Described first formula is:
ΔP=k U(U G–U GN)
Wherein, k UBe voltage-meritorious correction factor, U GNBe electrical network rated voltage effective value,
Described second formula is:
ΔP=k f(f–f N)
Wherein, k fBe frequency-meritorious correction factor, f NBe line voltage frequency ratings.
Preferably, among the step S3, Δ P further revised specifically comprise:
Δ P is utilized function C (P N, P Dc) further revise, wherein,
C(P N,P dc)=(P N/P dc) 2
P NBe photovoltaic output rated power, P DcBe the direct current power input.
Based on described method, the present invention has proposed a kind of MPPT maximum power point tracking controller simultaneously, described MPPT maximum power point tracking controller comprises MPPT module, correcting module and laminating module, and described laminating module links to each other with described MPPT module and described correcting module respectively, wherein:
Described MPPT module is used for adopting scanning method to calculate maximum power point P * Max
Described correcting module is used for line voltage u GCalculate amplitude U through phaselocked loop GWith frequency f, and according to amplitude U GOr frequency f calculates maximum power point correction amount P, then Δ P further revised, and obtains correction amount P*;
Described laminating module is used for Δ P* and P * MaxSuperpose, obtain revised maximum power point P*.
Preferably, described correcting module comprises PLL submodule, the first correction submodule and the second correction submodule that links to each other successively, wherein:
Described PLL submodule is used for line voltage u GCalculate amplitude U through phaselocked loop GAnd frequency f;
Described first revises submodule is used for judging output current i GAmplitude whether greater than grid-connected current I GAmplitude, if, then adopt first formula to calculate Δ P, otherwise, adopt second formula to calculate Δ P,
Described first formula is:
ΔP=k U(U G–U GN)
k UBe voltage-meritorious correction factor, U GNBe electrical network rated voltage effective value,
Described second formula is:
ΔP=k f(f–f N)
k fBe frequency-meritorious correction factor, f NBe line voltage frequency ratings;
Described second revises submodule is used for Δ P is further revised, and obtains correction amount P*.Preferably, described second revise submodule for Δ P is utilized function C (P N, P Dc) further revise, wherein,
C(P N,P dc)=(P N/P dc) 2
P NBe photovoltaic output rated power, P DcBe the direct current power input.
Described MPPT maximum power point tracking controller both can become independently controller, also can embed existing photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Introduce the embodiment of described controller under separate unit and many paralleling models below respectively.
Under the separate unit pattern, principle of work as shown in Figure 1, the input quantity of controller is line voltage u G, controller direct current power input P Dc, controller grid-connected current I G, middle output quantity is peak power correction amount P, final maximum power point desired value P* for revising.
Line voltage obtains amplitude U after phase-locked loop pll calculates GAnd frequency f, Δ P can be calculated by first formula or second formula then, to electrical network output current i GAmplitude does not reach I G, calculated by second formula, to electrical network output current i before GAmplitude surpasses I GAfter, calculated by first formula.
The power correction amount Δ P that calculates is through C (P N, P Dc) after function further revises, the P that obtains with scanning method * MaxStack obtains revised maximum power point P* and corresponding pulsewidth.
Under many paralleling models, principle of work as shown in Figure 2, the control input variable of i platform controller PR-MPPT_i is line voltage u G, controller direct current power input P Dc_i, controller grid-connected current I G_i, middle output quantity is the correction amount P_i of peak power, final maximum power point desired value P*_i for revising.
Δ P_i can be calculated by first formula or second formula, to electrical network output current i G_iAmplitude does not reach I G_i, calculated by second formula, to electrical network output current i before G_iAmplitude surpasses I G_iAfter, calculated by first formula.
The power correction amount Δ P_i that calculates is through C (P N_i, P Dc_i) after function further revises, the P that obtains with scanning method * Max_ i stack obtains revised maximum power point P*_i and corresponding pulsewidth.
The invention allows for a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises described MPPT maximum power point tracking controller.
The above only is preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and replacement, these improvement and replacement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a photovoltaic maximum power point tracking is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
S1, with line voltage u GCalculate amplitude U through phaselocked loop GAnd frequency f;
S2, according to amplitude U GOr frequency f calculates maximum power point correction amount P;
S3, Δ P is further revised, obtain correction amount P*, and with Δ P* and P * MaxSuperpose, obtain revised maximum power point P*, wherein, P * MaxBe the maximum power point that adopts scanning method to obtain.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, step S2 specifically comprises:
Judge output current i GAmplitude whether greater than grid-connected current I GAmplitude, if, then adopt first formula to calculate Δ P, otherwise, adopt second formula to calculate Δ P,
Described first formula is:
ΔP=k U(U G–U GN)
Wherein, k UBe voltage-meritorious correction factor, U GNBe electrical network rated voltage effective value,
Described second formula is:
ΔP=k f(f–f N)
Wherein, k fBe frequency-meritorious correction factor, f NBe line voltage frequency ratings.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, among the step S3, Δ P further revised specifically comprises:
Δ P is utilized function C (P N, P Dc) further revise, wherein,
C(P N,P dc)=(P N/P dc) 2
P NBe photovoltaic output rated power, P DcBe the direct current power input.
4. a MPPT maximum power point tracking controller is characterized in that, described MPPT maximum power point tracking controller comprises MPPT module, correcting module and laminating module, and described laminating module links to each other with described MPPT module and described correcting module respectively, wherein:
Described MPPT module is used for adopting scanning method to calculate maximum power point P * Max
Described correcting module is used for line voltage u GCalculate amplitude U through phaselocked loop GWith frequency f, and according to amplitude U GOr frequency f calculates maximum power point correction amount P, then Δ P further revised, and obtains correction amount P*;
Described laminating module is used for Δ P* and P * MaxSuperpose, obtain revised maximum power point P*.
5. MPPT maximum power point tracking controller according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described correcting module comprises PLL submodule, the first correction submodule and the second correction submodule that links to each other successively, wherein:
Described PLL submodule is used for line voltage u GCalculate amplitude U through phaselocked loop GAnd frequency f;
Described first revises submodule is used for judging output current i GAmplitude whether greater than grid-connected current I GAmplitude, if, then adopt first formula to calculate Δ P, otherwise, adopt second formula to calculate Δ P,
Described first formula is:
ΔP=k U(U G–U GN)
k UBe voltage-meritorious correction factor, U GNBe electrical network rated voltage effective value,
Described second formula is:
ΔP=k f(f–f N)
k fBe frequency-meritorious correction factor, f NBe line voltage frequency ratings;
Described second revises submodule is used for Δ P is further revised, and obtains correction amount P*.
6. MPPT maximum power point tracking controller according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described second revises submodule is used for Δ P is utilized function C (P N, P Dc) further revise, wherein,
C(P N,P dc)=(P N/P dc) 2
P NBe photovoltaic output rated power, P DcBe the direct current power input.
7. a photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is characterized in that, described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises as each described MPPT maximum power point tracking controller among the claim 4-6.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN101710718A (en) * 2009-12-03 2010-05-19 天津理工大学 Working method of grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system
CN101719679A (en) * 2009-12-21 2010-06-02 中国电力科学研究院 Method for synchronizing distributed power supply and power grid
CN102412593A (en) * 2011-11-02 2012-04-11 哈尔滨九洲电气股份有限公司 Grid-connected generation control method for photovoltaic power generation converter

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101599724A (en) * 2009-07-24 2009-12-09 中环（中国）工程有限公司 A kind of MPPT control device and method that is used for solar photovoltaic generation system
CN101710718A (en) * 2009-12-03 2010-05-19 天津理工大学 Working method of grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system
CN101719679A (en) * 2009-12-21 2010-06-02 中国电力科学研究院 Method for synchronizing distributed power supply and power grid
CN102412593A (en) * 2011-11-02 2012-04-11 哈尔滨九洲电气股份有限公司 Grid-connected generation control method for photovoltaic power generation converter

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