CN101687396B - 耐火层叠体和由其制造的制品 - Google Patents
耐火层叠体和由其制造的制品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101687396B CN101687396B CN200880023370XA CN200880023370A CN101687396B CN 101687396 B CN101687396 B CN 101687396B CN 200880023370X A CN200880023370X A CN 200880023370XA CN 200880023370 A CN200880023370 A CN 200880023370A CN 101687396 B CN101687396 B CN 101687396B
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Abstract
描述了适合于构建防水透气制品的层叠体,所述防水透气制品例如舒适且表现出加强的耐火性的防护服。具体地描述了耐火层叠体结构,所述结构包括作为最外层层叠至中间保护层的可熔织物,所述中间保护层包括层叠至最内织物层的防水膜,所述最内织物层包括热稳定织物。本发明的层叠体结构表现出约至少1000MVTR的透气性,至少0.5psi的进水压力,并且具有至少10秒的水平火焰破裂时间。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及适合于构建防水透气制品的层叠体,所述防水透气制品例如舒适且表现出加强的耐火性的防护服。
发明背景
军事人员、消防员、执法官员和在危险环境中工作的其他专业人员经常暴露于火险中。为了减少火焰相关的伤害,这些用户团体需要防护服。常规防护服设计用来保护穿戴者以免暴露于危险环境(如暴燃、高热、辐射、化学试剂和生物试剂与体液)中。根据危险暴露的严重性,防护服以防护程度区分。在消防中,通常通过使用本身阻燃的芳族聚酰胺织物的厚隔热层提供对火焰和热量暴露的最大防护,典型的芳族聚酰胺织物例如以商品名和(E.I.杜邦公司(E.I.du Pont de Nemours and Company))出售的材料,通过使用微孔薄膜提供流体阻挡性质,典型的微孔薄膜例如以商品名(W.L.戈尔联合公司(W.L.Gore&Associates))出售的材料。对于处于可能短期暴露于火焰或***的危险环境中的专业人员,例如军事、研究和救援人员、警察等,按规定可以离开火场,所以防护要求不如消防员严格。这些情况中防护装置的目的是提供一定程度的加强防护,使得穿戴者可以迅速和安全地离开危险,而不是抗击危险。人们相信,对火焰暴露的防护需要的防护服能够在短期暴露于这些危险时耐燃或不燃烧、耐熔化或解体或破裂。
传统上已经用包含通常由PBI型纤维等制造的不可燃、不熔化织物的最外层制造耐火防护服装。这些纤维本身耐火,但是具有一些限制。具体地说,这些纤维非常昂贵,难以染色和印刷,不太耐磨,与基于尼龙或聚酯的织物相比提供的触觉舒适性不能令人满意。
对于许多危险环境中的最佳使用性能,防护装置应当不仅耐火,而且防水和舒适。穿戴者偏爱轻质、透气、防水且舒适的防护服。常规的防水透气服装由通过涂覆或层叠法粘合至织物表面的单片或微孔膜制造。粘合层叠是将基材结合在一起的常用技术,广泛用于将织物粘合至膜、将膜粘合至膜、和/或它们的组合。层叠期间施加的粘合层可以是连续或不连续的,取决于粘合剂的性质;涂层通常是涂覆过程期间施加的连续层。
防水耐火防护服的成本是除防火之外许多危险暴露应用要考虑的重要因素,因此排除了消防团体中使用的那些典型的、本身耐火的织物的应用。已经使用涂层来形成具有耐火性的产品。这些产品通常在非耐火织物表面(例如尼龙、聚酯等)上使用阻燃聚合物的连续厚涂层或层。除了可燃性,这些非耐火织物纤维在高热或火焰存在下通常会熔化。但是,熔化的织物纤维存在与皮肤接触时会导致严重灼伤的附加危险。为了使这些风险降至最低,织物制造商已经转向在这些可熔可燃织物上的非常重的耐火涂层。例如,通常在非耐火织物基材上使用厚的阻燃聚合物涂层来制造挡火垫。已经使用添加剂例如卤化阻燃剂、金属氢氧化物、磷化合物和膨胀材料或它们的组合来使这些聚合物涂层为阻燃的。例如US 2005/0287894揭示了这样一种涂覆的阻燃产品,所述阻燃产品使用厚的聚合物涂层来赋予织物阻燃性,所述织物本身是不阻燃的,例如尼龙、聚酯和棉。阻燃聚合物的厚涂层使这些涂覆的产品变得很重、不透气、僵硬,并且一般不适合用于防护服应用。
要克服重涂覆的不透气可熔阻燃材料的限制很困难。为了改善透气性并减轻服装应用的重量,通常使用本身耐火的织物例如织物的耐火层叠体。耐火透气服装中使用的层叠体通常通过将本身阻燃的织物和轻质透气膜结合在一起而构建。前文提到的湿气阻挡层是这种耐火层叠体的一个例子。耐火织物适合于作为防火的最外层。如前所述,使用本身耐火的外部织物会显著增加这种耐火防护服装的成本。
因此,危险环境中的工作者长久以来都需要具有以下特点的层叠体、由这些层叠体制造的服装、以及其他防护装置:透气、防水并耐火,但是具有额外的优点,例如轻质、穿戴舒适、柔软、容易着色、快干、而且成本可以负担,这些特点在常规耐火层叠体和服装中是不存在的。
发明概述
具体而言,本发明涉及一种层叠体,其包括:可熔织物外层;将所述织物外层粘合至包括防水膜的保护层的第一粘合剂材料;将所述保护层粘合至热稳定背衬织物层的第二粘合剂材料;其中所述层叠体具有大于1000克/平方米/24小时的湿气渗透率的透气性,至少0.5psi的进水压力,并且具有至少10秒的水平火焰破裂时间。
本发明还涉及一种层叠体,其包括:一层可熔面织物;将所述面织物粘合至保护层的第一阻燃粘合剂材料,所述保护层包括至少两层粘合在一起的发泡PTFE;将所述保护层粘合至耐火背衬织物的第二阻燃粘合剂材料;其中所述层叠体具有表现出至少1000克/平方米/24小时的湿气渗透率的透气性,至少0.5psi的进水压力,并且具有至少10秒的水平火焰破裂时间。
本发明涉及耐火层叠体结构,所述层叠体结构包括作为最外层层叠至中间保护层的可熔织物,所述中间保护层包括层叠至最内织物层的防水膜,所述最内织物层包括热稳定织物。本发明的层叠体结构表现出大约至少1000MVTR的透气性,至少0.5psi的进水压力,并且具有至少10秒的水平火焰破裂时间。在备选实施方式中,所述层叠体能经受至少15秒或者甚至至少20秒的水平火焰破裂时间。
本发明的可熔织物层包括经受以下详细描述的熔化和热稳定性测试条件时熔化的那些织物。本发明的合适可熔织物层包括但并不限于例如以下材料:聚酰胺(包括但并不限于尼龙6、尼龙6,6和尼龙4,6)、聚酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、PVC、聚乙烯和PVA。
本发明的合适粘合剂包括能够使用常规层叠技术粘合各层的材料,包括但并不限于例如以下的材料:聚氨酯、硅酮、聚酯、丙烯酸类材料、环氧树脂和聚酰胺。在一种实施方式中,本发明的粘合剂可包括至少一种选自以下的组分或添加剂:氯化化合物、溴化化合物、氧化锑、有机磷基化合物、硼酸锌、多磷酸铵、氰尿酸三聚氰胺、多磷酸三聚氰胺、钼化合物、三水合氧化铝和氢氧化镁,它们能加强所述层叠体的耐火性。
本发明的保护层是防水的,但是表现出适合于结合到本发明层叠体中的透气性。合适的保护层可包括聚氨酯、聚酯、硅酮、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)等中的任何材料。根据各组分和最终制品性质的选择,保护层可以是单膜,或者保护层可包括复合结构。在一种实施方式中,保护层包括发泡PTFE膜。在一种备选的实施方式中,保护层可包括两个或更多个发泡PTFE膜。在一种进一步备选的实施方式中,保护层可包括用聚氨酯粘合剂粘合在一起的两个或更多个发泡PTFE膜。在一种进一步的实施方式中,保护层可包括用硅酮、环氧树脂或聚酯中至少一种粘合在一起的两个或更多个发泡PTFE膜。在一种更进一步的实施方式中,保护层可包括复合体,其中该保护层的一个或多个组件将保护层粘合至该层叠体的其他层。
本发明的热稳定背衬织物包括经受熔化和热稳定性测试时热稳定的织物。
本文描述了测试条件。所述织物可以是编织物、无纺织物、针织物、植绒材料(即在基材上植绒的植绒纤维)等的形式。合适的热稳定背衬织物组合物的例子包括芳族聚酰胺、棉、PBI、PBO、人造丝、羊毛、改性聚丙烯腈(modacrylic)掺混物、聚胺、碳、玻璃纤维、PAN、PTFE、以及它们的掺混物和组合。
令人惊奇的是,发明人发现,这些独特的结构适合于形成耐火、防水、透气、轻质的防护服装。虽然本发明并不限于具体重量,但是本发明的结构中可以有约等于或小于20盎司/平方码范围的层叠体结构。在一种备选的实施方式中,本发明的结构中可以有约等于或小于10盎司/平方码的层叠体结构。在一种进一步备选的实施方式中,本发明的结构中可以有约等于或小于7盎司/平方码的层叠体结构。与常规耐火服装不同,本发明的制品不需要通常用于这些服装中的本身耐火的最外层。由这些层叠体制造的服装轻质、容易着色、快干、透气、防水且耐火。而且,预期其他耐火防护装置也在本发明的范围之内,包括例如露营袋(bivy bag)、帐篷和其他合适的防护装置。
附图简要说明
结合附图可以更好地理解以上发明概述以及以下发明详述。为了说明本发明,在附图中显示了目前优选的实施方式。但是应当理解,本发明并不限于所示的明确排列和手段。在附图中:
图1是本发明层叠体结构的一种实施方式的截面图。
图2是本发明层叠体结构的另一种实施方式的截面图。
图3是本发明层叠体结构的又一种实施方式的截面图。
图4是水平火焰测试中相对于层叠体的火焰取向的透视图。
发明详述
参考图1,本发明的层叠体结构60包括用连续粘合层20层叠至保护层30的可熔织物外层10,所述保护层30进一步用连续粘合层40层叠至热稳定背衬织物层50。应当注意,粘合剂和施加技术的选择可以根据材料和最终层叠体结构性质的具体选择而变化。例如,图2显示本发明层叠体结构60的另一种结构,其中不连续粘合层21和41将各层粘合在一起。
参考图3,显示本发明层叠体60的又一种结构,其中可熔织物外层10用不连续粘合层21层叠至保护层30。在这种实施方式中,保护层30包括两个用连续粘合层32粘合在一起的发泡PTFE层31、33。所述保护层30然后用不连续粘合层40粘合至热稳定背衬织物层50。
测量和测试方法
熔化和热稳定性测试
该测试以NFPA 1975,2004版本的8.3节中所述的热稳定性测试为基础。测试炉是ISO 17493中规定的热空气循环炉。该测试按照ASTM D 751涂覆织物的标准测试方法,使用升高温度下抗粘连性程序(89-93节)进行,有以下改进:
o使用100毫米×100毫米×3毫米(4英寸×4英寸×0.125英寸)的硼硅酸盐玻璃片。
o使用265℃,+3/-0℃(510°F,+5/-0°F)的测试温度。
o从炉中取出玻璃片之后,使试样冷却最少1小时。
任何与玻璃片粘连、展开时自身粘连、或者显示熔化或滴落迹象的样品侧面都被认为是可熔的。任何没有可熔迹象的样品侧面都被认为是热稳定的。
水平火焰测试程序:
这个测试基本以MIL-C 83429B为模型。使用长尾夹(binder clip)将75毫米乘250毫米(3英寸乘10英寸)的层叠体样品夹在钢制夹具(400毫米长、75毫米宽,中央窗口约为350毫米长50毫米宽)中。夹住样品的方式能够使得层叠体的边缘固定而不阻挡呈现在钢制夹具窗口中的层叠体区域。将夹具中的样品水平放置在90毫米火焰(基于2ps i的丁烷,使用Meeker燃烧器)中约40毫米的高度处。图4描绘层叠体结构60的取向,其中在测试期间可熔面的织物层30按与火焰70相邻取向。样品接触火焰,记录直至膜破裂(出现裂缝或形成洞)并且能通过材料中的裂缝或开口清楚看到火焰发出的光的时间。随后从火焰中取出样品。记录的时间称为水平火焰破裂时间。
自熄测试
从以上水平火焰测试的火焰中取出材料样品之后,观察材料的任何残焰。如果没有观察到残焰,或者如果材料在取出时观察到残焰但是在从火焰中取出5秒之后熄灭,则该材料称为自熄材料。
湿气渗透率(MVTR)
以下给出用来测量湿气渗透率(MVTR)的测试。已经发现该程序适合于测试膜、涂层和涂覆产品。
在该程序中,将约70毫升包含35重量份乙酸钾和15重量份蒸馏水的溶液置于133毫升聚丙烯杯中,该杯口的内直径为6.5厘米。将以美国专利4862730(Crosby)中所述方法测试的约85000克/平方米/24小时最低MVTR的发泡聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)薄膜热密封至所述杯口缘,形成含有所述溶液的张紧的防漏微孔阻挡层。
将类似的发泡PTFE薄膜安放至水浴表面。使用温度控制室和水循环浴将该水浴组件控制在23+0.2℃。
在进行该测试程序之前,使待测试样品在23℃温度和50%相对湿度的条件下进行调节。样品的放置方式使得该微孔聚合物薄膜与安放至水浴表面的发泡聚四氟乙烯薄膜接触,并且在引入杯组件之前使其平衡至少15分钟。
称量所述杯组件,精确至1/1000克,以颠倒方式将其置于测试样品中央。
通过水浴中的水和饱和盐溶液之间的驱动力,通过该方向的扩散提供水通量,提供水的运输。样品测试15分钟,然后取下杯组件,再次称量精确至1/1000克。
由杯组件的重量增益计算样品的MVTR,并以克水/平方米样品表面积/24小时表示。
进水压力
一般按照题为“耐水性:水静压测试”的标准测试方法AATCC127-2003的“选项2-水静压头测试仪”确定进水压力。具体地说,进水压力测试主要包括迫使水压在测试片的一个侧面上,并观察该测试片另一侧面是否有水渗透通过该测试片的迹象。
将测试试样夹在握持该测试片的夹具中的橡胶垫片之间并密封。测试试样的织物表面与水接触,另一个侧面向上,向大气开放,用于密切观察。从夹具中排出空气,向测试片的内侧表面施加压力,该内侧表面的直径为7.62厘米(3.0英寸),迫使水压在该表面上。通过连接至水槽的泵将该测试片上的水压增加至约3.4千帕(0.05psi),通过合适的压力表指示并通过在线阀调节。
密切观察测试片的织物表面,观察是否表现出任何水受压通过该材料的迹象。在表面上看到水说明有渗漏。在测试压力下观察样品表面1分钟,这时对渗漏点数量进行计数和记录。如果在0.5psi、1分钟条件下没有观察到渗漏,则认为该材料是防水的。
透气性-Gurley数方法(gurley number method)
通过W.& L.E.Gurley & Sons制造的Gurley透气度测定仪,按照ASTM测试方法D726-58中描述的程序,测量样品对气流的阻力。所得结果以Gurley数或Gurley-秒的方式报告,这种方式是100立方厘米空气在4.88英寸水压降下通过1平方英寸测试样品时按秒计的时间。
如果样品的Gurley数小于45秒,则确定该样品是透气的。
厚度
通过将薄膜置于Kafer FZ1000/30厚度卡规(Kafer MessuhrenfabrikGmbH,Villingen-Schwenningen,Germany)的两个板之间,测量薄膜厚度。使用三次测量的平均值。
密度
冲切样品形成2.54厘米乘15.24厘米的矩形部分,对这些部分进行测量确定它们的质量(使用Mettler-Toledo分析天平AG204型)和它们的厚度(使用Kafer FZ1000/30卡规)。使用这些数据,按照下式计算密度:
其中:ρ=密度(克/立方厘米);m=质量(克);w=宽度(厘米);l=长度(厘米);t=厚度(厘米)。使用三次测量的平均值。
不希望限制本发明的范围,以下实施例说明本发明的制造和应用方法:
实施例
用于结合在层叠体中的保护层的形成:
保护层1
按照以下方式构建用于本发明层叠体中的包括两层发泡PTFE膜的保护层。
在一个重约18克/平方米、平均孔径为0.3微米且厚度约为0.001英寸的ePTFE薄膜上涂覆15克/平方米的透气湿固化聚氨酯(按照美国专利第4194041号揭示的内容)的连续、部分穿透层。使具有与第一薄膜相同性质的第二ePTFE薄膜与上述涂覆的ePTFE的聚氨酯涂覆侧面接触,并在夹辊中组合形成三组分结构。将该膜在炉中部分固化,然后在大于50%相对湿度的条件下在辊筒上完全固化7天。
保护层2:
按照美国专利申请公开第2007/0009679号实施例3中所述通过用氟代丙烯酸酯聚合物的功能涂料处理保护层1的ePTFE部分来构建保护层,区别在于,炭黑用量约为0.75重量%。
实施例1:
使用60克/平方米的间-芳族聚酰胺纤维编织织物(Lite备件号25050,从Springfield,LLC,Rock Hill,SC获得),保护层1和95克/平方米的尼龙6,6平纹织面织物(从Milliken获得,备件号131967)制造本发明的层叠体。通过以下方式构建该层叠体:首先在保护层上印刷包含约20重量%磷基添加剂(Antiblaze PR82,由阿贝玛瑞公司(Albemarie Corporation,Baton Rouge,LA)出售)的热熔湿固化聚氨酯粘合剂(按照美国专利第4532316号制造)的离散点,然后使用夹辊将95克/平方米的尼龙编织物粘合至所述膜。形成的层叠体是保护层和尼龙编织可熔面织物层的两层层叠体。将这种两层层叠体输送通过附加处理步骤,其中以离散点图案向露出的保护层面(在与尼龙编织织物相对的侧面上)施加相同的粘合剂。然后通过将印刷有粘合剂的两层层叠体和芳族聚酰胺背衬输送通过另一夹辊,使60克/平方米的芳族聚酰胺编织热稳定织物层粘合至该两层层叠体。然后在张紧状态下将该组件收取在钢制鼓轮上,在大于50%相对湿度的条件下固化48小时。
随后用常规氟代丙烯酸酯基耐用防水(DWR)饰面层涂覆这种三层层叠体的尼龙编织织物侧面。
实施例2:
基本按照实施例1制造本发明的层叠体,区别在于,使用上述保护层2作为保护层。
实施例3:
基本按照实施例2制造本发明的层叠体,区别在于,使用85克/平方米的尼龙6,6编织织物的可熔织物外层(Milliken Industries,备件号131861)。
实施例4:
基本按照实施例2制造本发明的层叠体,区别在于,热稳定背衬织物层是85克/平方米的编织织物(由Inman Mills,Inc.,Inman,SC提供,备件号A-2986),该织物由包括玻璃纤维芯和聚酯变性腈纶包鞘的纱线组成。
对比例A:
通过以下方式制造对比的三层ePTFE层叠体:首先将热熔湿固化聚氨酯粘合剂(按照美国专利第4532316号制造)的离散点印刷在双组分ePTFE/聚氨酯膜(按照美国专利第4194041号制造)的ePTFE侧面上,层叠95克/平方米的尼龙6,6编织织物(Milliken Industries,Inc.,备件号131967,如实施例1中所述)。然后按照与实施例1中所述类似的方式,使用热熔湿固化聚氨酯粘合剂(不使用添加剂),将该结构层叠至在该双组分ePTFE/聚氨酯膜的聚氨酯侧面上的50克/平方米的尼龙6,6针织织物(Glenn Raven,Inc.,备件号A1389)上。
随后按照与实施例1类似的方式,用耐用防水(DWR)饰面层处理该层叠体。
对比例B:
按照与实施例1类似的方式制造第二种对比的三层ePTFE层叠体,区别在于,面织物包含来自Springfield,LLC的120克/平方米的编织织物(类型号25030)。
对比例C:
只使用来自Milliken的95克/平方米的尼龙6,6平纹织面织物(备件号131967)和保护层1制造第三种对比的层叠体。通过以下方式构建该层叠体:首先将实施例1中所述的粘合剂的离散点印刷在保护层1上,然后使用夹辊将95克/平方米的尼龙编织织物粘合至该膜。然后在张紧的状态下将该组件收取在钢制鼓轮上,在大于50%相对湿度的条件下固化48小时。随后按照与实施例1类似的方式用耐用防水(DWR)饰面层处理形成的两层层叠体。
对比例D:
使用来自Springfield,LLC的60克/平方米的间-芳族聚酰胺纤维编织织物(类型号25050)和保护层1制造对比的层叠体。按照与对比例C所述相同的方式构建该层叠体。
下表比较了实施例1-4和对比例A-D的层叠体的防火性。这些样品经历了水平火焰测试,记录了导致膜破裂(在火焰中)需要的时间和自熄趋势。
表1:实施例4-8和对比例A与B的水平燃烧测试结果
Claims (36)
1.一种层叠体,其包括:
可熔织物外层;
将所述织物外层粘合至包括防水膜的保护层的第一粘合剂材料;
将所述保护层粘合至热稳定背衬织物层的第二粘合剂材料;
其中所述层叠体具有大于1000克/平方米/24小时的湿气渗透率的透气性,至少0.5psi的进水压力,并且具有至少10秒的水平火焰破裂时间。
2.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述第一粘合剂材料包括至少一种选自以下的材料:氯化化合物、溴化化合物、氧化锑、有机磷基化合物、硼酸锌、多磷酸铵、氰尿酸三聚氰胺、多磷酸三聚氰胺、钼化合物、三水合氧化铝和氢氧化镁。
3.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述第二粘合剂材料包括至少一种选自以下的材料:氯化化合物、溴化化合物、氧化锑、有机磷基化合物、硼酸锌、多磷酸铵、氰尿酸三聚氰胺、多磷酸三聚氰胺、钼化合物、三水合氧化铝和氢氧化镁。
4.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体具有至少0.7psi的进水压力。
5.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体具有至少15秒的水平火焰破裂时间。
6.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体具有至少20秒的水平火焰破裂时间。
7.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述保护层包括至少一层发泡PTFE。
8.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述保护层包括至少一层其上具有涂层的发泡PTFE。
9.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述可熔织物外层包括至少一种选自以下的材料:尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯、改性聚丙烯腈、PVC、聚乙烯和PVA。
10.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述可熔织物外层包括至少一种选自以下的材料:尼龙6、尼龙6,6、和尼龙4,6。
11.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述保护层包括至少一种选自以下的材料:聚酯、聚氨酯和硅酮。
12.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述热稳定背衬织物包括至少一种选自以下的材料:编织物、针织物、无纺织物和粘合至基材的植绒纤维。
13.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述热稳定背衬织物包括至少一种选自以下的材料:芳族聚酰胺、棉、PBI、PBO、人造丝、羊毛、改性聚丙烯腈、以及它们的组合。
14.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体为服装的形式。
15.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体为露营袋的形式。
16.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体为帐篷的形式。
17.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体具有等于或小于20盎司/平方码的层叠体总重量。
18.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体具有等于或小于10盎司/平方码的层叠体总重量。
19.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体具有等于或小于7盎司/平方码的层叠体总重量。
20.如权利要求1所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体具有大于4000克/平方米/24小时的湿气渗透率的透气性。
21.一种层叠体,其包括:
一层可熔面织物;
将所述面织物粘合至保护层的第一阻燃粘合剂材料,所述保护层包括至少两层粘合在一起的发泡PTFE;
将所述保护层粘合至耐火背衬织物的第二阻燃粘合剂材料;
其中所述层叠体具有表现出至少1000克/平方米/24小时的湿气渗透率的透气性,至少0.5psi的进水压力,并且具有至少10秒的水平火焰破裂时间。
22.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述至少两层发泡PTFE用聚氨酯粘合剂粘合在一起。
23.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体具有至少15秒的水平火焰破裂时间。
24.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体具有至少20秒的水平火焰破裂时间。
25.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述可熔织物外层包括至少一种选自以下的材料:尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯、改性聚丙烯腈、PVC、聚乙烯和PVA。
26.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述可熔织物外层包括至少一种选自以下的材料:尼龙6、尼龙6,6、和尼龙4,6。
27.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述至少两层发泡PTFE用至少一种选自聚酯和硅酮的材料粘合在一起。
28.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述热稳定背衬织物包括至少一种选自以下的材料:编织物、针织物、无纺织物和粘合至基材的植绒纤维。
29.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述热稳定背衬织物包括至少一种选自以下的材料:芳纶、棉、PBI、PBO、人造丝、羊毛、改性聚丙烯腈掺混物、以及它们的组合。
30.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体为服装的形式。
31.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体为露营袋的形式。
32.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体为帐篷的形式。
33.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体具有等于或小于20盎司/平方码的层叠体总重量。
34.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体具有等于或小于10盎司/平方码的层叠体总重量。
35.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体具有等于或小于7盎司/平方码的层叠体总重量。
36.如权利要求21所述的层叠体,其特征在于,所述层叠体具有大于4000克/平方米/24小时的湿气渗透率的透气性。
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JP2598117Y2 (ja) * | 1993-12-22 | 1999-08-03 | 東洋メタライジング株式会社 | 消防用耐熱布 |
WO2000013889A1 (en) * | 1998-09-08 | 2000-03-16 | Brookwood Companies Incorporated | Breathable waterproof laminate and method for making same |
US6531419B1 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2003-03-11 | R. H. Wyner Associates, Inc. | Multi-layer protective fabrics |
US6395383B1 (en) * | 1999-12-13 | 2002-05-28 | Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. | Chemical protective covering |
US6740275B2 (en) * | 2000-09-04 | 2004-05-25 | Mitsubishi Engineering-Plastics Corporation | Flame-retardant polyamide-based protective sheet |
FR2854547B1 (fr) * | 2003-05-06 | 2005-08-05 | Kermel | Surface textile utilisable pour la realisation de vetements de protection, notamment pour sapeurs-pompiers et complexes multicouches comprenant cette surface |
US20050287894A1 (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2005-12-29 | John Burns | Articles of enhanced flamability resistance |
US7704598B2 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2010-04-27 | Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. | Durable covering for chemical protection |
JP4007994B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-10 | 2007-11-14 | ジャパンゴアテックス株式会社 | 繊維製品 |
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2007
- 2007-05-25 US US11/753,599 patent/US9782947B2/en active Active
-
2008
- 2008-05-22 JP JP2010510303A patent/JP5443339B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-05-22 RU RU2009148291/05A patent/RU2470788C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-05-22 CA CA2688140A patent/CA2688140C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-05-22 CN CN200880023370XA patent/CN101687396B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-05-22 WO PCT/US2008/006617 patent/WO2009002384A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-05-22 KR KR1020097027035A patent/KR101439579B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-05-22 EP EP08826004.7A patent/EP2150408B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0906824A1 (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 1999-04-07 | W.L. GORE & ASSOCIATES GmbH | Laminate with textile layer made of bicomponent yarn |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2150408A2 (en) | 2010-02-10 |
CA2688140C (en) | 2013-05-14 |
CN101687396A (zh) | 2010-03-31 |
KR20100017922A (ko) | 2010-02-16 |
RU2470788C2 (ru) | 2012-12-27 |
RU2009148291A (ru) | 2011-06-27 |
US20110076494A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
WO2009002384A3 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
JP2010527825A (ja) | 2010-08-19 |
US9782947B2 (en) | 2017-10-10 |
CA2688140A1 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
JP5443339B2 (ja) | 2014-03-19 |
KR101439579B1 (ko) | 2014-09-11 |
EP2150408B1 (en) | 2017-05-10 |
WO2009002384A2 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
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