A kind of scale manufacturing technique of the distributed high-precision self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope based on Fibre Optical Sensor
(1) technical field
The present invention is a kind of scale production process of the distributed high-precision self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope based on Fibre Optical Sensor, belongs to the technical field of intelligence structure material and sensor monitoring.
(2) background technology
Continuous fibers strengthens polymer composites, and (Fiber Reinforced Polymer FRP) has advantages such as intensity height, density are little, good endurance, therefore, thinks to replace the good selection of steel in civil engineering structure.Be used at present actual engineering the main carbon fiber of fiber, glass fibre, spin wheel fiber and basalt fibre, fiber and polymer can be combined into muscle/rope material, sheet material and other various forms of section bars.Wherein, the FRP muscle has been subjected to researcher's extensive concern.Domestic, some R﹠D institutions such as Southeast China University, University of Fuzhou have launched the research of comparison system to the basic mechanical performance of FRP muscle/rope and the performance of enhancing structure thereof.Yet the FRP material is a kind of anisotropic material, and complete linear elasticity, defectives such as shear resistance is poor so FRP muscle/rope exists, brittle break.To the accurate monitoring in FRP muscle/Suo Shixian cycle life-cycle, can actively promote the extensive use of this high-tech material in actual engineering.
The distributing optical fiber sensing technology is because of advantages such as the distributivity of its test, network, stability, in recent years by constantly application structure health monitoring.The difference of its test philosophy of distributing optical fiber sensing technical basis mainly is divided into intensity type (as little curved optical fiber), interference capability (as the SOFO system) and scatter-type (as the test macro based on Brillouin scattering) etc. in the world at present.Wherein based on the BOTDR (Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectry) of Brillouin scattering mechanism, BOTDA sensing technologies such as (Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis) because the huge advantage of aspect such as its measuring accuracy height, information in temperature, strain is comprehensive and measuring distance is long has been subjected to various countries researchers' favor.Since frequency shift property that people such as Horiguchi in 1989 propose to have proposed respectively first to utilize Brillouin light is as distributed strain and TEMP, development through recent two decades, the spatial resolution of test reaches 10cm, strain testing precision ± 6 μ ε, 1 ℃ of temperature test precision.
Advance FRP muscle/rope with distributed sensing fiber is compound, form a kind of intelligence structure material, i.e. self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope.Fragile optical fiber is well protected when reality is used, can be improved the security performance of linear elasticity material when engineering is used of this high strength, high-durability to effectively monitoring in real time of FRP muscle/Suo Jinhang simultaneously.The Japan Ibaraki Wu Zhi of university waits deeply and proposes to utilize fiber packaged fiber sensor, durability and survival rate when the raising sensor is structurally laid; Domestic, Harbin Institute of Technology advances in Europe duckweed etc. and first fiber grating is imbedded in the FRP muscle, has improved the environment of fiber grating at the xoncrete structure internal monitoring.
But main some problems like this that exist in actual production, application: (1) optical fiber is relatively more fragile, and survival rate is very low in the pultrusion molding process of FRP muscle/rope, has a strong impact on serialization large-scale production; (2) Fibre Optical Sensor interface (i.e. one section free optical fiber that is used to connect other Fibre Optical Sensors) is drawn the comparison difficulty in the common combination process of FRP material (being that thermosetting is compound); (3) pass and to exist factors such as slippage and the fibre strain in spatial decomposition can (being minimum measuring distance) be inhomogeneous to reduce precision when distributed sensing is tested between optical element (being fibre core and covering) and the peripheral resinous coat.
At the problems referred to above, the Zhou Zhi of Harbin Institute of Technology etc. bury into the probe of thermosetting FRP muscle underground to bare fibre (common commercial single-mode fiber) and draw and inquire into and study, promptly optical fiber is brushed oil every glue, the FRP muscle of peeling off curing then makes the Fibre Optical Sensor interface draw; The Japan Ibaraki Wu Zhi of university is dark, Zhang Hao etc. proposes optical fiber by theory and experimental study does not have the measuring accuracy that slippageization and long gauge lengthization (being the laying of optical fiber fixed point) can improve distributed sensing fiber.
Yet always relate to the very artificial treatment of trouble in the present various research, this not only reduces industrialized level, improves production cost, and can influence the yield rate of product and the stability of performance.And using optical fiber generally all is the common commercial communication optical fiber, can reduce the actual sensing testing precision of product.
The present invention is based upon on the basis of mechanization, automatic control, and real meaning realizes the large-scale production based on the high-precision self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope of distributing optical fiber sensing technology.
(3) summary of the invention
Technical problem: technical problem to be solved by this invention is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art; provide under the prerequisite of a kind of production equipment of the optical fiber in existing FRP muscle/rope and appropriate reconstruction and technology, be suitable for scale manufacturing technique based on the high-precision self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope of distributing optical fiber sensing technology.
Technical scheme: the technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of scale production process of the distributed high-precision self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope based on Fibre Optical Sensor may further comprise the steps:
The preparation and the encapsulation of the first step, high accuracy long gauge length optical fibre sensor: the fibre core and a peripheral stiffness layer and the relatively large resinous coat of thickness of directly applying of covering that pass optical element at optical fiber are made no slippage optical fiber, at its peripheral dry type composite reinforcing fiber, make the packaged article of long gauge length optical fibre at last at the glue partiting layer of a gauge length of surperficial compartment coating then;
Second step, long gauge length isolation method are made self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope: the packaged article of fiber and long gauge length optical fibre carries out unwrapping wire by yarn axle and fiber axis respectively, wherein fiber imports the abundant impregnating resin of steeping vat, and the packaged article of long gauge length optical fibre drenches glue aloft by drenching the glue hole, directly clamp-on central tube with impregnated with resin and by the fiber behind the creel boundling location then, the first one-step forming of extruding in pipe via the centre bore of creel; Just the self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope of one-step forming need be with twining further threading of a machine and plastic squeeze moulding, enter economizer bank afterwards to FRP muscle/rope preheating, remove the unnecessary resin of part, and make fiber and resin that uniform temperature arranged, enter heating tube again and further heat, enter then and solidify the pipe curing molding; Finished product muscle/rope is gone out production line by anchor clamps and anchor clamps tractive, is shelved on the support or directly it is coiled into the muscle/rope dish of certain diameter.
Described resinous coat is resinous coat or the fiber sizing agent in the common commercial single mode telecommunication optical fiber.
Described glue partiting layer is the PVC coating, and the length of every section glue partiting layer is not less than 40cm, and the length of anchoring section is 2~3cm.
Utilize the continuous traction system control Fibre Optical Sensor of tensioner and high stability and the combined state of fiber, assurance optical fiber along in the elongated scope of self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope accurately, evenly compound; The diameter of the internal diameter control self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope by central tube, and utilize a machine that twines to twine the dynamics of silk and the dark and pitch of spiral shell that speed can be controlled screw thread; Produce the resin that uses and be thermosetting resin.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention has improved the sensing accuracy of existing common commercial single-mode fiber by the treatment technology of no slippage and long gauge length, has promoted the self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/Suo Pinzhi described in the invention, and is open and deepened the practical application of distributing optical fiber sensing technology,
2, by the winding of the peripheral nothing bonding of Fibre Optical Sensor, braided fiber have been strengthened the shearing resistance of optical fiber, the ability of tension, improved its survival rate in self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope production process greatly, promptly reduce the percent defective that Product industrialization is produced, reduced cost, improved the market competitiveness.
3, adopt the long gauge length isolation method described in the invention to make self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope, do not change the industrial manufacture process of original FRP muscle/rope, therefore, the sensing of product, the stability of mechanical property have obtained effective guarantee.Simultaneously, seldom relate to hand labour in the production process, make this technology have very high industrialized level, guarantee the production efficiency of large-scale production.
4, than other intelligence structure materials, the goods that the present invention produces have the monitoring of distributed sensing, high stable and high-strength mechanical property, price but can be than common FRP muscle/rope high a lot (cost improve 10% at most), and therefore, its cost performance is very high.
The demand of present national large foundation Facilities Construction of high accuracy FRP muscle/Suo Shiying that 5, the present invention produced and operation especially can solve the difficult problem of the long term monitoring of the xoncrete structure in the various adverse circumstances, has very high social benefit.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of common commercial single-mode fiber.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the present invention does not have the slippage optical fiber preparation.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the long gauge length test philosophy of optical fiber.
Fig. 4 is optical fiber of the present invention-compound schematic diagram of fiber dry type.Wherein: 4a is the peripheral schematic diagram that does not have bonding braiding/winding fiber of optical fiber, and 4b is the structural representation of optical fiber-fiber dry type composite product cross section.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the present invention applies glue partiting layer.Wherein, 5a is the common schematic diagram of coating glue partiting layer outside the fiber spool, and 5b is the structural representation of cross section of the goods of elongated coating glue partiting layer.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of long gauge length optical fibre preparation of the present invention.Wherein: 6a is the schematic diagram of compartment coating glue partiting layer outside the fiber spool, and 6b is the structural representation of the cross section of long gauge length optical fibre goods.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the suitability for industrialized production of high-precision self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of high-precision self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope of the present invention.Wherein: 8a is the structural representation in certain section vertical section of finished product muscle/rope, and 8b is the structural representation of the cross section of finished product muscle/rope.
(5) specific embodiment
In conjunction with legend, specific implementation process of the present invention is described in more detail:
Technical scheme of the present invention mainly comprises following two-part content: the preparation and the encapsulation of (1) high-precision long gauge length optical fibre sensor; (2) long gauge length isolation method is made self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope.
(1), the preparation of high-precision long gauge length optical fibre sensor and encapsulation
The commercial fibres that can be used for extensive monitoring at present is generally telecommunication optical fiber, because the inconsistent method difference that causes the optical fiber structure design of purposes, and this species diversity makes and can descend making sensing measurement time spent precision.Simultaneously, the existing distributed optical fiber sensing technology exists the spatial decomposition energy, and requirement is even in the strain of spatial decomposition energy inner fiber, otherwise is difficult to accurately reflection truth.At the problems referred to above, proposed two kinds of no slippage optical fiber and long gauge length optical fibres can improve the test optical fiber precision on produce making method.
1, optical fiber does not have slippageization
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings 2, directly apply one deck resinous coat 5 at fibre core 1 and covering 2 outsides, require its rigidity relatively large, and with covering 2 tight bond.Like this, the inner biography optical element (being fibre core 1 and covering 2) of protection guarantees resinous coat 5 and passes to be out of shape effectively between the optical element to transmit on the other hand on the one hand.According to such requirement, resinous coat 5 can adopt sizing agent (its main component has coupling agent, binding agent, film forming agent etc.) or other similar products that fiber often uses in resinous coat 4, the composite industry, the interface in the time of can also strengthening optical fiber and fiber composite so at present.
2, the long gauge lengthization of optical fiber
The first step, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 4, with fortifying fibre 10 and above-mentioned no slippage optical fiber 9 together by fibrage machine 11, make fortifying fibre 10 weave/be wound in one deck fiber spool 12 (being the compound enhancing optical fiber of optical fiber-fiber dry type) around no slippage optical fiber 9, thereby guarantee no slippage optical fiber 9 in the centre, fortifying fibre 10 can be each fibrid such as carbon fiber, basalt fibre, glass fibre; Second step, 5~accompanying drawing 6 in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the goods of the first step are applied one deck glue partiting layer 14 through coating machine 13, compartment (compartment length is a gauge length) peeling again, and skinner length is the length of optical fiber anchoring section 15, and perhaps the goods with the first step directly are interrupted coating one deck glue partiting layer 14 through coating machine 13.
The above-mentioned first step has guaranteed that the ability that no slippage optical fiber 9 has enough shearing resistances, a tension survives in the pultrusion molding process of FRP muscle/rope.Second step guaranteed that the no slippage optical fiber 9 of 14 li of glue partiting layers made the fiber of self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/Suo Shiyu outside and do not produce cohesive force, did not promptly have slippage optical fiber 9 and can freely stretch in this section, thereby guaranteed the even of strain.
(2), long gauge length isolation method is made self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope
This method is exactly the suitability for industrialized production flow process that above-mentioned long gauge length optical fibre sensor is imported general FRP muscle/rope.Utilize the feature of FRP material anisotropic again, directly optical fiber interface is peeled off out from FRP muscle/rope.The key point of this method is: the drawing of the importing of long gauge length optical fibre sensor and optical fiber interface.Concrete production procedure 7 is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The packaged article 17 of fiber 16 and long gauge length optical fibre carries out unwrapping wire by yarn axle 18 and fiber axis 19 respectively, wherein fiber 16 imports steeping vat 20 abundant impregnating resins (resin is a thermosetting resin), and the packaged article 17 of long gauge length optical fibre drenches glue for fear of the bending damage aloft by drenching glue hole 21, directly clamp-on central tube 24 with impregnated with resin and by the fiber 16 behind the creel 22 boundlings location then, the first one-step forming of extruding in pipe via the centre bore of creel 22.Just the self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope of one-step forming need be with twining a machine 25 further threading and plastic squeeze moulding, enter 26 pairs of FRP muscle/rope preheatings of economizer bank afterwards, remove the unnecessary resin of part, and make fiber and resin that uniform temperature arranged, enter heating tube 27 again and further heat, enter then and solidify pipe 28 curing moldings.Finished product muscle/rope 29 is gone out production line by anchor clamps 30 and anchor clamps 32 tractives, is shelved on the support 33 or directly it is coiled into the muscle/rope dish of certain diameter.
Certain section finished product muscle/rope 29 structures are seen accompanying drawing 8, wherein the packaged article 17 of long gauge length optical fibre is in the centre of thermosetting FRP36, anchoring section 15 soaks full resin and solidifies fully, be bonded to integral body with the thermosetting FRP36 of periphery, glue partiting layer 14 is kept apart resin and no slippage optical fiber 9 fully, guarantees no slippage optical fiber 9 freely stretching in the gauge length section.
This production procedure has several crucial control process:
1, optical fiber combined state control.In order to improve the test optical fiber precision, require the packaged article 17 of fiber 16 and long gauge length optical fibre can be evenly accurately compound.In order to reach such purpose, on the one hand, tension controller 23 can be installed on creel 22, the initial tension that the packaged article 17 of assurance fiber 16 and long gauge length optical fibre enters central tube 24 is identical; On the other hand, the continuous traction system that utilizes high stability is (as continuous hydraulic haulage system, comprise anchor clamps 30, anchor clamps 32 and traction drive system 31), guarantee consistent with the combined state of fiber 16 along the packaged article 17 of long gauge length optical fibre in the elongated scope of FRP muscle/rope.
2, the profile of self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope control.According to the purposes difference, the size of product and outer table status are that requirement differs.In this technology, the diameter of self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope be can control, the dynamics of silk and the dark and pitch of spiral shell that speed can be controlled screw thread twined and twine a machine 25 by the internal diameter of central tube 24.
3, optical fiber interface draws.At the optical fiber gauge length is self-monitoring FRP bar muscle/rope of 40cm, the detailed explanation of the do that optical fiber interface is drawn.During use, according to two ends than each 40cm of the manying blanking of actual Len req.Then, utilize special wire stripper/cutter to shear FRP muscle/rope from the inside 20cm of two ends outermost earlier, peel off thermosetting FRP36, and optical fiber is carefully extracted out from the inside.If it is required that the length of optical fiber enough connects, then no longer continue to shear FRP muscle/rope.Otherwise, to shear FRP muscle/rope and extract optical fiber out at inside 20cm place again, a free section fiber lengths of drawing this moment is 20cm at least, it is used enough to connect other optical fiber.The optical fiber outbound course of other gauge lengths can similarly be inferred.