CN112192865B - Continuous manufacturing process of pultrusion composite material plate internally implanted with FBG sensor - Google Patents
Continuous manufacturing process of pultrusion composite material plate internally implanted with FBG sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112192865B CN112192865B CN202010969518.1A CN202010969518A CN112192865B CN 112192865 B CN112192865 B CN 112192865B CN 202010969518 A CN202010969518 A CN 202010969518A CN 112192865 B CN112192865 B CN 112192865B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/521—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement before the die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
- B29C70/545—Perforating, cutting or machining during or after moulding
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of composite material preparation and nondestructive monitoring, and particularly relates to a continuous manufacturing process of a pultrusion composite material plate internally implanted with an FBG sensor. The continuous manufacturing process comprises the steps of fiber grating pretreatment, carbon fiber plate pultrusion, cutting of a molded composite material and fiber grating sensor lead post-treatment. The continuous manufacturing process effectively solves the problem that the lead joint of the fiber grating sensor on the preset length is difficult to lead out in the pultrusion continuous manufacturing process. Under the condition of ensuring that the pultrusion efficiency is not obviously reduced, the adverse effect of a built-in joint method on the mechanical property of the composite material pultruded plate is eliminated. The method provides a reliable and stable scheme for manufacturing the intelligent pultrusion composite material plate and smoothly leading out the optical fiber lead of the section of the composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of composite material preparation and nondestructive monitoring, and particularly relates to a continuous manufacturing process of a pultrusion composite material plate internally implanted with an FBG sensor.
Background
With the continuous acceleration of social economy and urbanization, the construction of national engineering facilities and urban infrastructure has been rapidly developed in the past period, and many buildings, bridges and engineering structures have been put into use for decades or even longer. As the use time of these infrastructures increases, the aging of the infrastructure and the safety risk of the infrastructure increases, so that the monitoring of the state of the infrastructure and the maintenance and repair of the infrastructure become important issues to be faced in the next social development.
The molding process of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material unidirectional plate is to impregnate fibers with resin, then solidify the fibers in a mold and continuously perform pultrusion molding. The carbon fiber reinforced composite material has the characteristics of high tensile strength, good corrosion resistance, good shock resistance, good impact resistance and the like, can give full play to the strength and the elastic modulus of the carbon fiber, and has wide application in the aspects of shear reinforcement and prestress reinforcement of bridges and tunnels. With the continuous progress of reinforcing and reinforcing technology and the continuous development of on-line monitoring technology, the implantation of sensors in the pultrusion composite material plate structure for the on-line monitoring of the structure health of facilities has become a key development direction in the field of building reinforcement.
The Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor has the characteristics of simple structure, strong electromagnetic interference resistance, convenience for implantation, easiness in forming a net and the like, and has obvious advantages in-situ online monitoring compared with metal strain gauges and other types of sensors. Of course, the FBG sensor has some disadvantages, the most important of which is that the optical fiber has poor shear resistance, and the grating region is used as a measurement sensitive component, which is fragile and easy to break, and once the grating region of the grating is broken, the monitoring signal is interrupted, which undoubtedly brings great difficulty to the implantation of the FBG sensor in the composite material pultruded plate, the sensor lead wire and the continuous production of the composite material unidirectional plate.
In order to solve the above problems, a series of researches have been carried out in recent years, and specifically, patent 200810217549.0 discloses a system and a method for embedding a fiber grating sensor in a fiber polymer composite material, wherein a single optical fiber is introduced into a fiber bundle from an introduction die and passes through a pultrusion die together. Such a solution does not allow for pre-tensioning of the FBG sensor fiber, which makes it difficult to precisely locate the FBG sensor in the composite material during the implantation process. Patent 200910057487.6 discloses a system and method for preparing an intelligent rib of a fiber grating composite material, the system and method combines the characteristics of pultrusion and compression molding, an FBG sensor is implanted into the middle position of two preformed bodies, and connectors are processed at two ends, on one hand, the production efficiency is reduced, on the other hand, when the system and method are applied to pultrusion plates, because the thickness of the plates is much smaller than the diameter of the rib, the minimum thickness is only 0.9mm-1.4mm, and embedded lead connectors are not easy to be embedded into two ends of an optical fiber. Patent 201710223794.1 discloses a system and method for continuously implanting fiber grating into pultruded composite material, which adds a pre-stretching device in the fiber grating implanting system to avoid the breaking of the optical fiber, but does not consider the problem that the fiber lead of the FBG sensor is led out from the cut end face of the composite material, and is difficult to realize the continuous manufacturing of the composite material pultruded plate with internally implanted long gauge length FBG sensor.
In summary, there is a need for a continuous manufacturing process and method for a pultrusion composite material plate with an FBG sensor built therein, which is significant for realizing stable implantation and continuous manufacturing and use of the FBG sensor in a pultrusion intelligent composite material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to solve the key problem of providing a continuous manufacturing process of a pultrusion composite material plate with an internally-arranged FBG sensor, and the continuous manufacturing of the pultrusion intelligent composite material plate with the internally-arranged FBG sensor is realized on the premise of ensuring the smooth survival of the FBG sensor in the pultrusion process of the composite material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a continuous manufacturing process of a pultrusion composite material plate internally implanted with FBG sensors comprises the following steps:
step 1, fiber grating pretreatment: according to the processing and manufacturing requirements of the pultrusion composite material plate, a plurality of grating areas are carved on continuous optical fibers in advance, the continuous optical fibers carved with the grating areas are soaked in a surface modifier for surface treatment and heating and drying, and after the surface modifier is completely dried, a self-lubricating coating is uniformly coated on the preset cutting position of each section of the pultrusion composite material plate;
firstly, performing transverse cutting, and controlling a cutter to cut from the edge of the composite material plate to the part in which the fiber bragg grating is implanted so as to ensure that the part in the middle of the composite material plate in which the optical fiber is implanted is still continuous; after the transverse cutting of the composite material plate is finished, continuously utilizing a longitudinal cutting tool to perform secondary cutting;
and 4, post-processing of the FBG sensor lead wires: and (3) carrying out post-treatment on the optical fiber outgoing lines at the sections of the two ends of the cut composite material plate, stripping the carbon fibers around the cut optical fibers by using a wire stripper, reserving the complete bare optical fiber outgoing lines, and after the bare optical fiber outgoing lines are welded with the FC/APC jumper, completing the implantation and continuous manufacturing of the FBG sensor in the pultruded composite material plate.
In the above steps, through the surface pretreatment of the optical fiber, the stable implantation of the FBG sensor, the continuous cutting and the post-treatment process, the damage of the mechanical property of the composite material plate caused by the implantation of the FBG sensor can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the interface bonding force between the optical fiber and the composite material is increased. Meanwhile, through a continuous cutting process, the preparation efficiency and stability are improved on the premise of not damaging the FBG sensor and the optical fiber lead.
Further, the difference of the central wavelengths of the grating regions in the step 1 is 10-15 nm, so that the central wavelengths of the intelligent carbon fiber composite material plate after the drift of the grating regions in the using process are prevented from overlapping, and the accuracy and precision of the strain test are effectively guaranteed.
Further, the surface modifier in the step 1 is a coupling agent, silica sol or a blending and compounding solution of the coupling agent and the silica sol, and the surface modifier is dissolved by an organic solvent before the continuous optical fiber engraved with a plurality of grating areas is immersed, so that the viscosity of the immersion solution is ensured to be proper, and the immersion uniformity of the surface modifier on the surface of the optical fiber is improved.
Further, in the step 1, the preset cutting position of the optical fiber is a position where the length of the optical fiber reaches the preset length of the composite material plate, the preset cutting position on the continuous optical fiber is marked, and cutting can be more accurate in a subsequent cutting process.
Further, the self-lubricating coating in the step 1 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the thickness of the self-lubricating coating is 0.2-0.4 mm, and the thickness of the self-lubricating coating is controlled, so that on one hand, small adhesion between an optical fiber lead and a composite material is ensured, on the other hand, good mechanical property of a cutting part of the composite material is ensured, and the optical fiber position of the cutting section is prevented from splitting; the length of the self-lubricating coating is 1-1.5 m, and the optical fiber leads with enough length are reserved on the cross sections of the two ends of the composite material plate.
Further, in the step 2, the preset position of the fiber bundling plate is determined according to the quantity of the optical fiber gratings to be implanted into the composite material plate, the implanted FBG sensors are symmetrically distributed along the central position of the fiber bundling plate, and the distance between two adjacent bundles of optical fibers is not less than 10 mm. If the distance between the two optical fibers is too close, it is difficult to simultaneously peel the two optical fibers from the cured and cut composite material, and the post-processing process increases the risk of breaking the FBG sensor leads.
Further, the two-stage cutting device in step 3 comprises: the device comprises a fixed frame, a lifting device, a longitudinal slide rail, a transverse cutting system and a longitudinal cutting system; the device fixing frame is used for fixing the cutting device and conveying the formed composite material; the lifting device is connected below the top surface of the fixed frame of the device and is used for controlling the feeding of the cutter assembly in the vertical direction; the longitudinal slide rail is connected below the lifting device and used for driving the cutter assembly to move in the front-back direction and feed and cut; the transverse cutting system is connected to the longitudinal slide rail and is used for transverse cutting of the pultrusion composite material perpendicular to the traction direction; the longitudinal cutting system is connected to the longitudinal sliding rail, arranged behind the transverse cutting system and used for longitudinally cutting the pultrusion composite material along the traction direction after the pultrusion composite material is transversely cut.
Still further, the device fixing frame comprises a fixing base, a frame upright post and an upper cover plate, wherein the fixing base is provided with a material conveying groove, and a material conveying guide roller is arranged in the material conveying groove; the lifting device is driven by electricity and comprises a front group of lifting upright posts and a rear group of lifting upright posts, wherein the two groups of lifting upright posts synchronously lift in the operation process and are provided with a descending limiting device.
Still further, the transverse cutting system comprises a primary transverse guide rail, a primary limiting device, a transverse extending arm, a transverse cutting knife wheel and a driving motor; the primary transverse guide rail is connected to the lower portion of the longitudinal slide rail, the primary limiting device is arranged below the primary transverse guide rail and can move towards the center along the edges of the two ends of the primary transverse guide rail, the primary limiting device limits the minimum distance between the two transverse cutting knife wheels to be 2mm, the transverse extending arm is connected with the primary limiting device through a transverse rotating shaft and can rotate around the transverse rotating shaft, the transverse cutting knife wheels and the driving motor are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the transverse extending arm, the driving motor drives the transverse cutting knife wheels to rotate in the cutting process, the installation knife edges of the transverse cutting knife wheels are perpendicular to the conveying direction of the composite material, and the thickness of the knife edges of the transverse cutting knife wheels is 0.6-0.8 mm;
the longitudinal cutting system comprises a secondary transverse guide rail, a secondary limiting device, a longitudinal extending arm, a longitudinal cutting knife wheel and a driving motor; the two-stage transverse guide rail is connected to the lower portion of the longitudinal sliding rail, the left two-stage limiting device and the right two-stage limiting device are arranged on the two-stage transverse guide rail and used for adjusting the distance between the two longitudinal cutting knife wheels, the two-stage limiting device limits the minimum distance between the two longitudinal cutting knife wheels to be 2mm, the longitudinal extending arm is connected with the two-stage limiting device through a longitudinal rotating shaft, the longitudinal extending arm can rotate around the longitudinal rotating shaft, the longitudinal cutting knife wheels and the driving motor are respectively installed on two sides of the longitudinal extending arm, the driving motor drives the longitudinal cutting knife wheels to rotate in the cutting process, the installation knife edge direction of the longitudinal cutting knife wheels is parallel to the conveying direction of the composite material, and the thickness of the knife edge of the longitudinal cutting knife wheels is 0.6-0.8 mm.
Further, the transverse cutting in the step 3 is to stop cutting at a position 2-3 mm near the optical fiber lead, so that the section of the composite material plate is cut smoothly, and the part of the plate where the optical fiber lead is implanted is kept continuous. The minimum cutting distance can be set to reduce the content of fiber and resin coated around the optical fiber lead as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the optical fiber lead to be intact, and the optical fiber lead in the post-treatment process can be conveniently stripped.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the pultrusion device and the continuous manufacturing method of the composite material internally implanted with the FBG sensor effectively solve the problem that the lead joint of the fiber bragg grating sensor on the preset length is difficult to lead out in the pultrusion continuous manufacturing process. Under the condition of ensuring that the pultrusion efficiency is not obviously reduced, the adverse effect of a built-in joint method on the mechanical property of the composite material pultruded plate is eliminated. The device and the manufacturing process method can complete the implantation and lead wire of the FBG sensor only by simple pretreatment of the optical fiber and post-treatment of the formed composite material, and provide a reliable and stable scheme for manufacturing the intelligent pultrusion composite material plate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view showing the structure of an apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a completed pultruded composite panel with an embedded fiber grating according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an overall schematic view of the two-stage cutting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the two-stage cutting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the two-stage cutting apparatus of the present invention;
the device comprises a base, a fiber guide device, a resin impregnation device, a fiber bundling plate, a continuous optical fiber bundle, a plate drawing device, a two-stage cutting device, a grating area, a carbon fiber bundle, a fiber guide device, a resin impregnation device, a fiber bundling plate, a continuous optical fiber bundle, a fiber concentrator, a fiber conveying device, a heating forming die, a plate drawing device, a two-stage cutting device, a grating area, a fiber bundle and a fiber splicing wire, wherein 6 is a carbon fiber material, 7 is a fiber creel, 8 is a fiber guide device, 9 is a resin impregnation device, 10 is a fiber bundling plate, 11 is a continuous optical fiber carved with a plurality of grating areas, 12 is an optical fiber concentrator, 13 is an optical fiber conveying device, 14 is a heating forming die, 15 is a plate drawing device, 16 is a two-stage cutting device, 17 is a grating area, 18 is a carbon fiber bundle, 19 is an FC/APC jumper wire, and 20 is an optical fiber outgoing wire; 1 is a device fixing frame, 2 is a lifting device, 3 is a longitudinal slide rail, 4 is a transverse cutting system, and 5 is a longitudinal cutting system; 101 is a fixed base, 102 is a frame upright post, 103 is an upper cover plate, 104 is a material conveying groove, and 105 is a material conveying guide roller; 201 is a lifting upright post, and 202 is a descending limiting device; 401 is a primary transverse guide rail, 402 is a primary limiting device, 403 is a transverse extending arm, 404 is a transverse cutting knife wheel, 405 is a driving motor, and 406 is a transverse rotating shaft; 501 is a secondary transverse guide rail, 502 is a secondary limiting device, 503 is a longitudinal extending arm, 504 is a longitudinal cutting knife wheel, 505 is a driving motor, and 506 is a longitudinal rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawing. The following description is given for the purpose of explanation and not limitation.
Example 1
A continuous manufacturing process of a pultrusion composite material plate internally implanted with FBG sensors comprises the following steps:
step 1, fiber grating pretreatment: according to the processing and manufacturing requirements of the pultrusion composite material plate, a plurality of grating areas 17 are carved on continuous optical fibers in advance, the continuous optical fibers 11 carved with the grating areas are soaked in a surface modifier for surface treatment and heating and drying, and after the surface modifier is completely dried, self-lubricating coatings are uniformly coated on the preset cutting positions of the continuous optical fibers carved with the grating areas according to the specified length of each section of pultrusion composite material plate;
the 3 grating grid regions are engraved on the continuous optical fiber, the central wavelength of each grating grid region is different, the central wavelength of each grating grid region is 1525nm, 1540nm and 1555nm, the central wavelengths of the intelligent carbon fiber composite material plate after the drift of each grid region are prevented from overlapping in the using process, and the accuracy and precision of the strain test are effectively guaranteed.
The surface modifier adopts a coupling agent, and is dissolved by acetone before the continuous optical fiber engraved with a plurality of grating areas is immersed, so that the viscosity of an immersion solution is ensured to be lower than 300mPa.s, and the immersion uniformity of the surface modifier on the surface of the optical fiber is improved.
The length of each section of pultruded composite material plate is 10m, the preset cutting position of the optical fiber is the position where the length of the optical fiber reaches the preset length of 10m of the composite material plate, and the preset cutting positions on the continuous optical fiber at intervals of 10m are marked.
The self-lubricating coating contains polytetrafluoroethylene, and the thickness of self-lubricating coating is 0.3mm, and the thickness of control self-lubricating coating guarantees on the one hand that optic fibre lead wire and combined material are less adhesion, and on the other hand guarantees the combined material and cuts the better mechanical properties in position, prevents to cut the optic fibre position of cross-section and takes place the splitting.
The length of the self-lubricating coating is 1.5m, and the optical fiber leads with enough length are reserved on the cross sections of the two ends of the composite material plate.
the number of the optical fiber gratings to be implanted in the composite material pultrusion plate is 1, and the implanted optical fiber gratings are located in the center of the fiber bundling plate 10.
firstly, performing transverse cutting, and controlling a cutter to cut from the edge of the composite material plate to the part in which the fiber bragg grating is implanted so as to ensure that the part in the middle of the composite material plate in which the optical fiber is implanted is still continuous; after the transverse cutting of the composite material plate is finished, continuously utilizing a longitudinal cutting tool to perform secondary cutting;
the two-stage cutting device 16 includes: the device comprises a device fixing frame 1, a lifting device 2, a longitudinal slide rail 3, a transverse cutting system 4 and a longitudinal cutting system 5; the device fixing frame 1 comprises a fixing base 101, a frame upright post 102 and an upper cover plate 103, wherein the fixing base 101 is provided with a material conveying groove 104, and a material conveying guide roller 105 is arranged in the material conveying groove and used for fixing the cutting device and conveying the formed composite material; the lifting device 2 is connected below the top surface of the device fixing frame 1 and used for controlling the feeding of the cutter assembly in the vertical direction, the driving mode of the lifting device 2 is electric driving and comprises a front group of lifting upright columns 201 and a rear group of lifting upright columns 201, the two groups of lifting upright columns 201 synchronously lift in the operation process, and a descending limiting device 202 is arranged; the longitudinal slide rail 3 is connected below the lifting device 2 and used for driving the cutter assembly to move in the front-back direction and feed and cut; the transverse cutting system 4 is connected to the longitudinal slide rail 3 and is used for transverse cutting of the pultruded composite material perpendicular to the traction direction, and the transverse cutting system 4 comprises a primary transverse guide rail 401, a primary limiting device 402, a transverse extending arm 403, a transverse cutting knife wheel 404 and a driving motor 405; the primary transverse guide rail 401 is connected to the lower portion of the longitudinal slide rail 3, the primary limiting device 402 is arranged below the primary transverse guide rail 401 and can move towards the center along the edges of two ends of the primary transverse guide rail 401, the primary limiting device 402 limits the minimum distance between the two transverse cutting knife wheels 404 to be 2mm, the transverse extending arm 403 is connected with the primary limiting device 402 through a transverse rotating shaft 406, the transverse extending arm 403 can rotate around the transverse rotating shaft 406, the transverse cutting knife wheels 404 and the driving motor 405 are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the transverse extending arm 403, the driving motor 405 drives the transverse cutting knife wheels 404 to rotate in the cutting process, the installation knife edge direction of the transverse cutting knife wheels 404 is perpendicular to the composite material conveying direction, and the thickness of the cutting edge of the transverse cutting knife wheels 404 is 0.6-0.8 mm; the longitudinal cutting system 5 is connected to the longitudinal sliding rail 3, is arranged behind the transverse cutting system 4, and is used for longitudinally cutting the pultruded composite material along the traction direction after the transverse cutting, and the longitudinal cutting system 5 comprises a secondary transverse guide rail 501, a secondary limiting device 502, a longitudinal extending arm 503, a longitudinal cutting knife wheel 504 and a driving motor 505; the two-stage transverse guide rail 501 is connected to the lower portion of the longitudinal slide rail 3, the left two-stage limiting device 502 and the right two-stage limiting device 502 are arranged on the two-stage transverse guide rail 501 and used for adjusting the distance between the two longitudinal cutting knife wheels 504, the two-stage limiting device 502 limits the minimum distance between the two longitudinal cutting knife wheels 504 to be 2mm, the longitudinal extending arm 503 is connected with the two-stage limiting device 502 through a longitudinal rotating shaft 506 and can rotate around the longitudinal rotating shaft 506, the longitudinal cutting knife wheels 504 and a driving motor 505 are respectively arranged on two sides of the longitudinal extending arm, the driving motor 505 drives the longitudinal cutting knife wheels 504 to rotate in the cutting process, the installation blade direction of the longitudinal cutting knife wheels 504 is parallel to the conveying direction of the composite material, and the blade thickness of the longitudinal cutting knife wheels 504 is 0.6-0.8 mm.
And the transverse cutting is stopped at a position which is 3mm close to the optical fiber lead, so that the section of the composite material plate is smoothly cut, and the part of the plate, which is implanted with the optical fiber lead, is kept continuous.
And 4, post-processing of the fiber grating sensor lead: and (3) carrying out post-processing on the optical fiber outgoing lines 20 at the sections of the two ends of the cut composite material plate, stripping the carbon fiber bundles 18 around the cut optical fibers by using a wire stripper, reserving the complete bare optical fiber outgoing lines, and welding the bare optical fiber outgoing lines with an FC/APC jumper 19 to complete the implantation and continuous manufacturing of the fiber grating sensor in the pultruded composite material plate.
Claims (10)
1. A continuous manufacturing process of a pultrusion composite material plate internally implanted with FBG sensors is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, fiber grating pretreatment: according to the processing and manufacturing requirements of the pultrusion composite material plate, a plurality of grating areas (17) are carved on continuous optical fibers in advance, the continuous optical fibers (11) carved with the grating areas are soaked in a surface modifier for surface treatment and heating and drying, and after the surface modifier is completely dried, self-lubricating coatings are uniformly coated on the preset cutting positions of the continuous optical fibers (11) carved with the grating areas (117) according to the specified length of each section of pultrusion composite material plate;
step 2, pultrusion of the carbon fiber plate: the coiled carbon fiber material (6) is led out from a fiber creel (7) and sequentially passes through a fiber guide device (8) and a resin impregnation device (9), and the carbon fiber material impregnated with resin passes through an optical fiber conveying device (13) and passes through a fiber bundling plate (10); leading out the continuous optical fiber (11) carved with a plurality of grating areas from an optical fiber concentrator (12), passing through a guide hole at a preset position of a fiber bundling plate (10) by an optical fiber conveyer (13), and uniformly surrounding the continuous optical fiber (11) carved with the plurality of grating areas by a carbon fiber material impregnated with resin; after passing through a fiber bundling plate (10), carbon fiber materials impregnated with resin and continuous optical fibers (11) carved with a plurality of grating areas enter a heating forming die (14) together for curing forming, and the formed composite material plate is continuously conveyed to a plate traction device (15);
step 3, cutting the formed composite material plate: after the composite material plate is conveyed to a preset cutting position of the optical fiber by a plate traction device (15), the composite material plate is cut, and the composite material plate is cut by adopting a two-stage cutting device (16):
firstly, performing transverse cutting, and controlling a cutter to cut from the edge of the composite material plate to the part in which the fiber bragg grating is implanted so as to ensure that the part in the middle of the composite material plate in which the optical fiber is implanted is still continuous; after the transverse cutting of the composite material plate is finished, continuously utilizing a longitudinal cutting tool to perform secondary cutting;
and 4, post-processing of the FBG sensor lead wires: and (3) carrying out post-treatment on the optical fiber outgoing lines (20) at the sections of the two ends of the cut composite material plate, stripping the carbon fiber bundles (18) around the cut optical fibers by using a wire stripper, reserving the complete bare optical fiber outgoing lines, and welding the bare optical fiber outgoing lines with an FC/APC jumper (19) to complete the implantation and continuous manufacturing of the FBG sensor in the pultruded composite material plate.
2. The continuous manufacturing process of the pultrusion composite plate with the internally-implanted FBG sensors as claimed in claim 1, wherein the difference of the central wavelengths of the grating regions in the step 1 is 10-15 nm.
3. The continuous manufacturing process of the pultrusion composite plate with the internally-planted FBG sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface modifier in the step 1 is a coupling agent, silica sol or a blended compound solution of the coupling agent and the silica sol, and the surface modifier is dissolved by an organic solvent before the continuous optical fiber (11) engraved with the plurality of grating regions is impregnated.
4. The continuous manufacturing process of the pultruded composite material plate with the embedded FBG sensor according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined cutting position in step 1 is a position where the length of the continuous optical fiber (11) carved with the plurality of grating areas reaches a predetermined length of the composite material plate, and the predetermined cutting position on the continuous optical fiber (11) carved with the plurality of grating areas is marked.
5. The continuous manufacturing process of the pultrusion composite plate with the internally-planted FBG sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the self-lubricating coating in the step 1 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the self-lubricating coating has a thickness of 0.2-0.4 mm and a length of 1-1.5 m.
6. The continuous manufacturing process of the pultruded composite material plate with internally implanted FBG sensors according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined position of the fiber bundling plate in the step 2 is determined according to the number of the FBG sensors to be implanted in the composite material plate, the implanted fiber gratings are symmetrically distributed along the central position of the fiber bundling plate, and the distance between the adjacent fiber gratings is not less than 10 mm.
7. The continuous manufacturing process of the pultruded composite material plate with embedded FBG sensors according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-stage cutting device (16) in the step 3 comprises: the device comprises a device fixing frame (1), a lifting device (2), a longitudinal slide rail (3), a transverse cutting system (4) and a longitudinal cutting system (5); the device fixing frame (1) is used for fixing the cutting device and conveying the formed composite material; the lifting device (2) is connected below the top surface of the device fixing frame (1) and is used for controlling the feeding of the cutter assembly in the vertical direction; the longitudinal slide rail (3) is connected below the lifting device (2) and is used for driving the cutter assembly to move in the front-back direction and feed for cutting; the transverse cutting system (4) is connected to the longitudinal slide rail (3) and is used for transverse cutting of the pultrusion composite material perpendicular to the traction direction; the longitudinal cutting system (5) is connected to the longitudinal sliding rail (3), arranged behind the transverse cutting system (4) and used for longitudinally cutting the pultrusion composite material along the traction direction after the transverse cutting.
8. The continuous manufacturing process of the composite material plates for the pultrusion embedded FBG sensors as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the device fixing frame (1) comprises a fixing base (101), a frame upright post (102) and an upper cover plate (103), the fixing base (101) is provided with a material conveying groove (104), and a material conveying guide roller (105) is arranged inside the material conveying groove; the lifting device (2) is driven by electricity and comprises a front lifting upright post and a rear lifting upright post (201), wherein the two lifting upright posts (201) are lifted synchronously in the operation process and are provided with a descending limiting device (202).
9. The continuous manufacturing process of the composite material plates for the internally planted FBG sensors as claimed in claim 7, wherein the transverse cutting system (4) comprises a primary transverse guide rail (401), a primary limiting device (402), a transverse extending arm (403), a transverse cutting knife wheel (404) and a driving motor (405); the primary transverse guide rail (401) is connected to the lower part of the longitudinal slide rail (3), the primary limiting device (402) is arranged below the primary transverse guide rail (401), can move towards the center along the edges of the two ends of the primary transverse guide rail (401), the primary limiting device (402) limits the minimum distance between the two transverse cutting knife wheels (404) to be 2mm, the transverse extending arm (403) is connected with the primary limiting device (402) through a transverse rotating shaft (406), the transverse extending arm (403) can rotate around the transverse rotating shaft (406), the transverse cutting knife wheel (404) and the driving motor (405) are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the transverse extending arm (403), the driving motor (405) drives the transverse cutting knife wheel (404) to rotate in the cutting process, the installation blade direction of the transverse cutting knife wheel (404) is vertical to the conveying direction of the composite material, the cutting edge thickness of the transverse cutting knife wheel (404) is 0.6-0.8 mm;
the longitudinal cutting system (5) comprises a secondary transverse guide rail (501), a secondary limiting device (502), a longitudinal extending arm (503), a longitudinal cutting knife wheel (504) and a driving motor (505); the secondary transverse guide rail (501) is connected with the lower part of the longitudinal slide rail (3), the left and the right secondary limiting devices (502) are arranged on the secondary transverse guide rail (501), used for adjusting the distance between two longitudinal cutting knife wheels (504), a secondary limiting device (502) limits the minimum distance between the two longitudinal cutting knife wheels (504) to be 2mm, a longitudinal extending arm (503) is connected with the secondary limiting device (502) through a longitudinal rotating shaft (506), the longitudinal extending arm (503) can rotate around the longitudinal rotating shaft (506), the longitudinal cutting knife wheel (504) and the driving motor (505) are respectively arranged at two sides of the longitudinal extending arm, the driving motor (505) drives the longitudinal cutting knife wheel (504) to rotate in the cutting process, the installation blade direction of the longitudinal cutting knife wheel (504) is parallel to the conveying direction of the composite material, the thickness of the cutting edge of the longitudinal cutting knife wheel (504) is 0.6-0.8 mm.
10. The continuous manufacturing process of the pultruded composite material plate with the embedded FBG sensor according to claim 1, wherein the transverse cutting in the step 3 is stopped at a position 2-3 mm near the optical fiber lead.
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