CN101573205A - Laser-beam welding device and a corresponding laser-beam welding method - Google Patents
Laser-beam welding device and a corresponding laser-beam welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101573205A CN101573205A CNA2007800484737A CN200780048473A CN101573205A CN 101573205 A CN101573205 A CN 101573205A CN A2007800484737 A CNA2007800484737 A CN A2007800484737A CN 200780048473 A CN200780048473 A CN 200780048473A CN 101573205 A CN101573205 A CN 101573205A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004826 seaming Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a laser-beam welding device (1) and a laser-beam welding method. According to the invention, it is provided that a laser beam (3') converted by the use of an optical means (9, 15) so as to have an annular cross-sectional area is deflected to produce a radial weld (17).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of by claim 1 laser-beam welding device as described in the preamble and a kind of by claim 11 corresponding laser-beam welding method as described in the preamble.
Background technology
In existing laser-beam welding device, the laser beam that laser beam sources produces is focused on two seaming zones between the workpiece.Wherein, the cross section of the laser beam of focusing is rounded, and focal diameter is between 150 and 600 microns in the fluctuation range under the conventional operating position.Cause the heating and the fusing of seaming zone at the systemic laser beam of material.The mixing of liquation and to solidify the connection of latter two weldment all closely related with joint geometries and material property.In order to make weld seam, laser beam or laser weld focuses on and soldering set between produce relative motion, also promptly or be that laser beam or workpiece move with certain feed speed.For for example outer surface at two cylindrical works is made circular weld (longitudinal ream), make this workpiece around its symmetry axis rotation with whirligig, laser beam sources and circular laser beam welding focus on and then are maintained fixed.Process time especially since the influence that becomes big centrifugal force with the continuous increase of process velocity be restricted because this centrifugal force can cause liquation to throw away from the undesirable of seaming zone.Another problem of existing laser-beam welding device is, if require the sealing of the circular weld that is made into, also is circular weld must sealing in circumferencial direction the time, then must rotation more than 360 °.Like this, soldering angle is greater than 360 °, and this causes a weld seam overlay region, this district by the second time LASER BEAM WELDING focus on and form.Because the asymmetry of this weld seam, workpiece produces warpage, and this causes the concentricity even the bending of workpiece, may cause the impaired even inefficacy of function of workpiece thus, particularly when this workpiece relates to injection valve.
In addition, DE 20 2,005 015 263 U1 disclose a kind of many laser diodes that are circular layout and have produced the laser-beam welding device that LASER BEAM WELDING focuses on, its shortcoming is to need a large amount of laser diodes, and in fact be difficult to realize the uniform intensity distributions of LASER BEAM WELDING focal zone, so the rotation that when making circular weld, can not save two welding work pieces or laser diode.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of laser-beam welding device and a kind of corresponding laser-beam welding method, can preferentially only produce the laser beam with annular cross section with a laser beam sources by means of this apparatus and method, this laser beam has at least near uniform intensity distributions.These apparatus and method are specially adapted to make the longitudinal ream of circumferential sealing and do not have the overlay region, thereby have avoided the caused workpiece warpage of asymmetric welding line structure.
Above-mentioned purpose is to realize by laser-beam welding device with the described feature of claim 1 and corresponding laser-beam welding method with the described feature of claim 11.Many favourable improvement of the present invention can be learnt from every dependent claims.In specification, in the claim and/or whole combinations of at least two features that provide in the accompanying drawing also belong to category of the present invention.
Principle of the present invention is: the laser beam that generally has circular intensity that laser beam sources is produced by means of Optical devices converts to has the laser beam that annular intensity distribution is the annular cross section area.For this reason, preferential only with a laser beam sources, the laser beam that has annular cross section with the Optical devices conversion all has uniform intensity distributions on its whole effective cross section area like this.The annular cross section area is annular preferably, but this is not indispensable, the formation of optometry device and deciding.For example also can be oval ring.
According to improvement of the present invention, the annular laser beams that helps the Optical devices generation is inwardly aimed at the weld zone of two workpiece basically in the footpath, so that produce circular weld or longitudinal ream thus.In this case, need not be by accurate radially promptly by the optical axis of the laser beam that produces with laser beam sources or by carrying out deflection with the angle that the longitudinal axis or the symmetry axis of welded piece become 90 °, but can carry out deflection-decide by the angular range of 0 °＜α＜180 ° on the geometry specified criteria.Importantly, laser beam by lateral deflection at least one workpiece (being its outer surface).Should preferentially make in circumferencial direction closed laser beam at least approximate vertical incide seaming zone.Laser-beam welding device with such formation promptly can be made into the closed circular weld of periphery and does not have the overlay region, thereby has avoided the workpiece warpage.Can equably and along the whole length of weld seam energy be imported seaming zone simultaneously.In addition, can save the relative motion between laser beam sources or laser beam focusing and at least one workpiece, thereby can promote process velocity, because there is not the negative effect of centrifugal force.This laser-beam welding device is particularly useful for welding cylindrical works easy warpage, diameter＜60 millimeter, but when using corresponding powerful laser, the workpiece of welding larger diameter also is unchallenged.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement for deflecting that the outstanding finger that the deflection laser bundle is used deflects at least one workpiece outer surface is designed to the taper speculum.At this moment it is favourable mirror surface being arranged in the taper inboard, because the taper speculum can outsidely at least in part surround at least one workpiece layout and be convenient to thus regulate.The taper speculum preferably reflects from the direction at the awl end.But also can additionally or with another have the taper speculum of external reflectance minute surface, this speculum preferably can move into the inside of at least one workpiece, thereby can make the closed circular weld of periphery on the workpiece inboard.Like this, the taper speculum just can preferentially penetrate from vertex of a cone direction.But the selection side direction by coning angle is in the incidence angle of at least one workpiece adjusted annular laser beams.Taper speculum light shaft coaxle best and laser-beam welding device is arranged.Preferentially select rotational symmetric taper for use.Because the deviation of taper may produce the seaming zone that is not circular.
By taper speculum moving in axially, can change the diameter of laser beam focusing ring, so this focusing ring can be adjusted at least one processed particularly rotational symmetric workpiece.
According to improvement of the present invention, be provided with at least one axicon and produce laser beam with annular cross section area.This axicon refers to the tapered optical element of segmentation at least.This axicon preferably is arranged to can regulate in axially, so that can be adjusted in the incidence angle of the laser beam focusing ring at least one workpiece thus.
In the light path of this axicon front, collimator of suitable layout produces parallel light beam, and this light beam is become an annular by this axicon shaping immediately.This collimator is preferably in respect to the vertical direction of optical axis and horizontal direction and all can regulates, and evenly distributes so that guarantee the intensity on the whole laser beams cross section.
In order to produce the laser beam ring that focuses on, should arrange between axicon and taper speculum preferentially that at least one has the focusing arrangement of at least one condenser lens at seaming zone.This moment, seaming zone should preferentially directly be arranged in the focus of this focusing arrangement.
According to favourable improvement of the present invention, with the laser beam sources of a pulsed as laser beam sources.So just can in the short pulse duration, export big power.When the pulse duration is approximately 50 microseconds, just obtained good result with about 150 joules pulse energy.With the pulse type laser electron gun time, the heat conduction weld process takes place particularly, material in this process, melt and form have about 1: 1 depth-to-width ratio (depth ratio width) longitudinal ream.The depth-to-width ratio of also available＞1 realizes forming steam deep layer welding process capillaceous.
Should preferentially import Optical devices to the laser beam that particularly produces with the pulse type laser electron gun with fiber waveguide.Fiber waveguide preferably can vertically and flatly be regulated with respect to optical axis, so that whole system centers and eliminates the possible obliquity of focusing ring with respect to the optical axis of laser-beam welding device.
Observing in order to carry out process, tell an observation optical path by a beam splitter from the process light path, and the latter is introduced particularly DV, is favourable.In order to survey whole processing district, be preferably in and also arrange an axicon in this observation optical path.Wherein, the orientation of this video camera in axially can realize the adjusting of making a video recording, and in order to improve image, must guarantee enough illuminations.In addition, the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of welding method that particularly circular laser beam is converted to annular laser beams.Should preferentially implement this method for laser welding with aforementioned laser bundle welder.
In improvement of the present invention, comprise as the operation of this welding method the laser beam with annular cross section area is deflected on the workpiece to produce longitudinal ream.Wherein, the incidence angle α that incides on the workpiece outer surface can select for use between 0 °＜α＜180 °, decides on the scope of application and how much specified criterias.The adjusting of this incidence angle should be preferentially carried out by the selection of the coning angle of the taper speculum that uses as arrangement for deflecting and/or by the location of axicon.
In welding process, between focusing on, workpiece and laser beam sources or annular laser beams welding preferably do not produce relative motion-be workpiece and the laser beam sources layout that interfixes.
Description of drawings
Other advantages of the present invention, feature and details can be learnt from preferred embodiment and the following explanation of carrying out in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 represents to be used for to produce the principle assumption diagram of the laser-beam welding device of longitudinal ream.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 represents laser-beam welding device 1, and this welder also can be used for the quenching of workpiece.This laser-beam welding device has a laser beam sources 2, and this laser beam sources produces the pulsating laser beam 3 with circular cross-sectional area.Laser beam 3 is imported Optical devices 5 by optical waveguide 4 along optical axis 6 (Z axle).The incidence zone 7 of optical waveguide 4 can be vertically and flatly (along Y-axis and X-axis) regulate (direction of arrow A) with respect to optical axis 6.Thereby can carry out centering of laser beam 3.The laser beam 3 of expansion incides on the collimator 8 of Optical devices 5 of a layout that has with a certain distance from the incidence zone 7 of fiber waveguide 4, and this collimator makes laser beam 3 parallel.Collimator 8 can be vertically and flatly be regulated (in direction of arrow B motion) along Y-axis and X-axis with respect to optical axis 6 (Z axle), thereby can reach the even distribution of intensity of the laser beam 3 ' of parallelization.The laser beam 3 ' of parallel aligning is mapped to one on the axicon 9 that collimator 8 is axially arranged, the latter has the plane of incidence 10 and plane reflection face 11 perpendicular to the laser beam light path arrangement of a taper.
Axicon 9 can be regulated along optical axis 6 (direction of arrow C/Z axle) in axially, thereby can change to the incidence angle α that waits to illustrate after a while on two workpiece 12,25 at axial inner close fitting (lid 25 and matrix 12), these two workpiece can (direction of arrow G) be regulated in whole direction in spaces with a unshowned adjusting device.
Laser beam 3 ' with parallel aligning of circular cross-sectional area converts the laser beam 3 with circular cylindrical cross-section area to axicon 9 ", the latter is contained focusing arrangement 14 emissions of focusing objective len 13 by one and axially is mapped on the taper speculum 15 that has interior reflective surface 16 separated by a distance.Taper speculum 15 is annular laser beams 3 " ' the radially inside side face seam district 17 that deflects into workpiece 12,25 with a angle [alpha] with respect to optical axis 6. Cylindrical work piece 15,25 and focusing arrangement 14 are arranged to make annular laser beams 3 mutually at a certain distance " ' in the side face seam district 17 of workpiece 15,25, focus on.Move the LASER BEAM WELDING that can change generation by taper speculum 15 along optical axis 6 (direction of arrow D) and focus on 26 diameter.Selection adjustable laser beam by coning angle incides incidence angle α on the workpiece 12 with respect to the symmetry axis of optical axis 6 or workpiece 12,25.Utilize the laser beam or the laser focusing ring that affact simultaneously on the whole seaming zone 17 to produce uniform symmetrical circular weld.
An also available unshowned taper speculum that has a male cone (strobilus masculinus) replaces having the taper speculum 15 of internal reflector 16.This taper speculum preferentially moves in the workpiece 12,25, and the deflection of laser beam is not that image pattern inwardly illustrates like that radially but deflection radially outward like this.
For observe, particularly for computer-assisted assessment and the adjusting of single optical element in case of necessity, put a beam splitter 19 in the light path between collimator 8 and axicon 9, this splitter produces a parallel observation laser optical path 20 '.This is observed laser optical path 20 ' and is mapped on second axicon 21 also by a speculum 22 and condenser lens 23 introducing DVs 24.At this place, owing to be provided with second axicon 21, this observation optical path is the annular video picture equally.For optimum focusing, DV 24 is arranged to adjustable in axial (direction of arrow F).
Claims (14)
1. be used for the laser-beam welding device (1) that workpiece (12) is welded to each other, have a laser beam sources (2) and Optical devices (5) that are arranged in the laser optical path (20 '),
It is characterized by,
Optical devices (5) are designed to convert the laser beam (3) that laser beam sources (2) produces to laser beam with annular cross section area (3 ").
2. press the laser-beam welding device of claim 1,
It is characterized by,
In order to produce circular weld, Optical devices (5) are furnished with the laser beam that arrangement for deflecting comes deflection annular cross-sectional area (3 ").
3. press the laser-beam welding device (1) of claim 2,
It is characterized by,
This arrangement for deflecting is designed to taper speculum (15).
4. press the laser-beam welding device (1) of claim 3,
It is characterized by,
Taper speculum (15) is arranged to position changeable, is adjustable in axially particularly.
5. by each laser-beam welding device (1) of aforementioned claim,
It is characterized by,
Optical devices (5) have one particularly be arranged to position changeable, be used for laser beam (3) that a laser beam sources (2) produces and convert the axicon (9) of the laser beam that has the annular cross section area (3 ") to.
6. press the laser-beam welding device (1) of claim 5,
It is characterized by,
Optical devices (5) have in the light path that is arranged on axicon (9) front, particularly the collimator of position changeable (8) produces parallel light beam.
7. by each laser-beam welding device (1) of aforementioned claim,
It is characterized by,
Optical devices (5) have at least one particularly focusing arrangement (14) of position changeable layout.
8. by each laser-beam welding device (1) of aforementioned claim,
It is characterized by,
Laser beam sources (2) is designed to produce the laser beam (3) of pulsed.
9. by each laser-beam welding device (1) of aforementioned claim,
It is characterized by,
With one particularly the position changeable fiber waveguide (4) of the arranging laser beam (3) that comes laser beam sources (2) is produced import Optical devices (5).
10. by each laser-beam welding device (1) of aforementioned claim,
It is characterized by,
Be provided with a process finder that has at least one video camera (24), this device is arranged to absorb the observation laser optical path of telling by a beam splitter (20 ') from laser optical path.
11. corresponding laser-beam welding method (1) is particularly using one by the corresponding laser-beam welding method (1) under each described laser-beam welding device (1) situation of aforementioned claim,
It is characterized by,
Laser beam (3) is converted into the laser beam that has the annular cross section area (3 ").
12. by the corresponding laser-beam welding method (1) of claim 11,
It is characterized by,
After being deflected, the laser beam (3,3 ', 3 ") that has an annular cross section area is used for producing longitudinal ream.
13. by the corresponding laser-beam welding method (1) of claim 11 or 12,
It is characterized by,
Workpiece (12) respectively is welded to each other with a cylindrical section respectively and forms.
14. by the corresponding laser-beam welding method (1) of claim 11 or 13,
It is characterized by,
Laser beam sources (2) and welded piece (12) are non-rotary in welding process.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006061622.7 | 2006-12-27 | ||
| DE102006061622 | 2006-12-27 | ||
| DE102007035717.8 | 2007-07-30 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101573205A true CN101573205A (en) | 2009-11-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200780048463.3A Expired - Fee Related CN101573204B (en) | 2006-12-27 | 2007-12-03 | Laser-beam working device and method for adjusting the focal position |
| CNA2007800484737A Pending CN101573205A (en) | 2006-12-27 | 2007-12-03 | Laser-beam welding device and a corresponding laser-beam welding method |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200780048463.3A Expired - Fee Related CN101573204B (en) | 2006-12-27 | 2007-12-03 | Laser-beam working device and method for adjusting the focal position |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101745740A (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2010-06-23 | 江苏大学 | Metal plate material ring-shaped light spot laser impact forming method and device |
| CN104395032A (en) * | 2012-04-30 | 2015-03-04 | 通快机床两合公司 | Laser-assisted plasma cutting or plasma welding method, and device for this purpose |
| CN107234811A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-10 | 苏州市长峰激光技术有限公司 | Perimeter Truss Reflector plumb joint |
| CN107735206A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2018-02-23 | Ipg光子公司 | Include the laser cutting head of the controllable collimater with the movable lens for controlling beam diameter and/or focal position |
| CN111272584A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-06-12 | 武汉大学 | Device and method for simulating ballistic impact and monitoring in real time by using annular pulse laser |
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| CN102253466B (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-12-12 | 公安部第一研究所 | Method for realizing positioning of laser beam focusing |
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| DE102017215973A1 (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2019-03-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Apparatus and method for determining the beam position of a laser beam |
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| FR1534762A (en) * | 1967-05-18 | 1968-08-02 | Cilas | Optical probing method and device |
| DE10254847A1 (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2004-02-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Process for welding axial rotationally symmetrical welding seams comprises using a pulsed laser beam source, transforming the pulsed beam into a homogeneous ring using a lens, and focussing onto a workpiece |
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- 2007-12-03 CN CN200780048463.3A patent/CN101573204B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-12-03 CN CNA2007800484737A patent/CN101573205A/en active Pending
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| CN1665637A (en) * | 2002-08-28 | 2005-09-07 | 詹诺普蒂克自动化技术有限公司 | Beam formation unit comprising two axicon lenses, and device comprising one such beam formation unit for introducing radiation energy into a workpiece consisting of a weakly-absorbent material |
| JP2005028428A (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2005-02-03 | Denso Corp | Laser beam machining device |
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| CN101745740A (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2010-06-23 | 江苏大学 | Metal plate material ring-shaped light spot laser impact forming method and device |
| CN104395032A (en) * | 2012-04-30 | 2015-03-04 | 通快机床两合公司 | Laser-assisted plasma cutting or plasma welding method, and device for this purpose |
| US9849545B2 (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2017-12-26 | Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg | Laser-supported plasma processing |
| CN107735206A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2018-02-23 | Ipg光子公司 | Include the laser cutting head of the controllable collimater with the movable lens for controlling beam diameter and/or focal position |
| CN107234811A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-10 | 苏州市长峰激光技术有限公司 | Perimeter Truss Reflector plumb joint |
| CN111272584A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-06-12 | 武汉大学 | Device and method for simulating ballistic impact and monitoring in real time by using annular pulse laser |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101573204B (en) | 2014-01-15 |
| CN101573204A (en) | 2009-11-04 |
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Application publication date: 20091104 |