CN101572851B - Magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101572851B CN101572851B CN2008100112228A CN200810011222A CN101572851B CN 101572851 B CN101572851 B CN 101572851B CN 2008100112228 A CN2008100112228 A CN 2008100112228A CN 200810011222 A CN200810011222 A CN 200810011222A CN 101572851 B CN101572851 B CN 101572851B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box which comprises a sound box body (1), wherein, a high-frequency loudspeaker, a medium/low-frequency loudspeaker and an electronic frequency divider (7) are installed in the sound box body (1), the sound box body (1) is connected with a wiring post (8) through a wire, and a sound absorption layer (9) is arranged on the inner wall of the sound box body (1). The sound box body (1) is a magnesium alloy integrally cast structure, and a high-frequency loudspeaker hole (3) is arranged at the upper part of the sound box body (1); a medium/low-frequency loudspeaker hole is arranged at the middle part of the sound box body (1); and a sound-wave reversed phase hole (5) is arranged at the lower part of the sound box body (1). The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: the magnesium alloy is melted in a smelting furnace in the air or under the protective atmosphere, and the casting core can adopt a wooden core, metal core, and the like, by various molding and casting processes such as sand casting, metal mold casting, and the like; the magnesium alloy adopted in the method comprises the following component of Mg-X alloy, wherein, X can be an element such as Ni, Zr, Al, Cu, and the like, and one or more of the elements can be adopted to be combined with Mg to form binary, ternary or polynary magnesium alloy; and the sound box is characterized in that the seamless sound box body can be conveniently in any shape and complex structure. The invention has the advantages of simple structural process, low manufacturing cost and good tone color.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of audio amplifier, particularly a kind of magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box and manufacturing approach thereof belong to the assembly of stereo set.
Background technology: for a long time, the sound box bodies material therefor is to be main with timber and goods thereof always, and timber can directly be processed sheet material or process wood chip and be bonded into sheet material, i.e. MDF (MDF).Timber-work has advantages such as intensity height, light weight, resonance be better, and therefore, the senior audio amplifier tonequality of high-quality timber manufacturing is excellent, cost an arm and a leg.Along with the progress of material technology, materials such as plastics, metal also are used for the manufacturing of sound box bodies gradually.
Senior audio amplifier has very high requirement to acoustic characteristic, so people utilize various means to improve tonequality.For example, reduce resonance and standing wave as far as possible, the sound wave phase place is controlled, utilize curved surface that sound wave is carried out diffuse reflection etc.Therefore, audio amplifier material chosen and structural design had very high requirement.
Though timber is the comparatively desirable natural material of sound box bodies, timber-work also has and much is difficult to the shortcoming that overcomes.For example, timber is bonded to one after must processing sheet material, but the firm degree at adhesive bond position is difficult to long-term assurance; Timber-work is difficult to carry out bending, and in order to reduce plane reflection, some senior audio amplifiers add thermal flexure with timber-work, but this has caused very big stress, causes the audio amplifier cracking easily.Even dull and stereotyped, also can be, so some senior audio amplifier is indeformable in order to keep structure because of the variation generation warping and cracking of air themperature and humidity, at the inner support frame that adds of audio amplifier, framework has inhibition to the conduction of sound wave, and manufacturing process complicacy very.In addition, the variation of air themperature and humidity also has very big influence to the tonequality of audio amplifier with preserving, as produces problems such as mouldy.The manufacturing process of MDF makes audio amplifier continuous release formaldehyde in long-term use human body to be produced harm.
Though plastics have good mouldability, its rigidity is too low and tonequality is sent out extremely.The aluminium alloy audio amplifier then causes resonance because of rigidity is very good easily, makes the sound field energy loss.The proportion of aluminium alloy is far longer than timber; In order to reduce resonance, the audio amplifier wall must have certain thickness, therefore makes that the overall weight of audio amplifier is excessive; And existing metallic sound box body structure division generally connects with bolt by two assemblys with upper-part.
Summary of the invention: the objective of the invention is deficiency to above-mentioned prior art; And be that fields such as high fidelity sound system for electrical teaching provide a kind of rational in infrastructure; Sound insulation property is good, and audio amplifier efficient is high, and manufacturing approach simply has the magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box and the manufacturing approach thereof of high tone quality effect.
The anti-acoustic pressure impact capacity of this integrally cast sound box is strong, and density is higher than the density of wooden sound enclosure body, and sound insulation property is good, and the short circuit that causes is little, has improved the efficient of audio amplifier.Because the sound box structure is monoblock cast, there is not seam, thereby resonance that can the recurring structure seam crossing.Sound box can be cast into various labyrinths and curved surface, will try to achieve the high tone quality effect thereby can obtain institute.And very low density and the modulus of elasticity of relative other metal of magnesium alloy makes magnesium alloy have good damping vibration attenuation effect.This all makes magnesium alloy become desirable sound box material.The density of pure magnesium is 1.78g/cm
3, be the lightest in the practicability metal material, therefore make the generation that sound box bodies can further reduce resonance according to improving tonequality requirement increase wall thickness with magnesium and magnesium alloy.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention designs rational sound box structure through acoustic design.In air or under the protective atmosphere; The magnesium alloy of pure magnesium or heterogeneity and modulus of elasticity and damping coefficient is melted in smelting furnace; Through casting techniques such as sand casting, die cast, model casting, compression casting, semi-solid-state shapings, be cast as definite shape, wall thickness is certain or transformable whole sound box.Casting core can adopt reel, metal-cored, wax core etc.
The pure magnesium of the material that is adopted is generally pure magnesium; Magnesium alloy is Mg-X (X=Ni, Zr, Al, Cu, Li, Mn, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Be, Fe, Zn, Cr, Nb, Hf, Ce, B, C, N, Sc, Ga, Ge, Sr, Mo, Ag, Au, In, Sn, Bi an etc.) series alloy, and pure magnesium and alloy thereof have low density and good damping performance.
About the sound box design, the sound box bottom surface is generally the plane, removes the bottom surface lateral wall and all can be designed to plane or cambered surface, and audio amplifier inwall respective design becomes plane or cambered surface, perhaps face of a polyhedron.Can also a side or many sides outer wall be designed to the plane, and inwall is designed to cambered surface or face of a polyhedron.The thickness of each sidewall of sound box can be for identical or different.The wall thickness of every side can be for identical or different.Therefore, even audio amplifier is parallelepiped or trapezoidal hexahedron, audio amplifier inside still can be designed according to different diffuse reflection modes.The cambered surface of audio amplifier outer wall and inwall can be disc or ellipsoid, radius of curvature from 20mm to infinitely great (plane).Magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box can also can be designed to special-shaped audio amplifier with audio amplifier according to placing the environment needs.
Sound box inside can be hollow for entirely; Also can design from front panel or rear board and go deep into audio amplifier inner one or more sound wave paraphase holes or phase-reversing tube; Phase-reversing tube length is 0～3/4 of front and back inwall spacing from inwall; Can be according to the tonequality requirement, needing in front to design with the casing metal on plate or the rear board according to audio frequency phase is one or more semiclapboards of same integral body, dividing plate length is 0～4/5 of front and back inwall spacing from inwall.Open loud speaker installing hole, binding post hole, air phase place hole or phase-reversing tube etc. on the sound box.The sand casting process scheme can adopt loose pattern moulding, machine molding, the moulding of digging sand, the moulding of the cover plate centre of form etc.Select suitable casting pouring position.Audio amplifier front panel (be face wall, loud speaker is laid panel) generally adopts pouring position downward, and the pouring position of audio amplifier rear board (binding post is laid panel) upwards.Die joint is near position audio amplifier rear board bottom generally.
According to the quantity of core, locate mode, down core order, core print shape and size, make things convenient for molding, confirm technological parameter: machine-finish allowance, pattern draft, the curving of castings and shrinkage.Confirm shape, size, and the layout in sand mold etc. of running gate system, rising head, chill.
Running gate system can be according to sound box size and weight, adopts and withstand that formula running gate system, die joint are pouring-in, bottom gating, step gating system etc.The appropriate design ingate makes molten metal get into die cavity easily, does not hinder foundry goods to shrink simultaneously.Appropriate design rising head position prevents that as far as possible foundry goods from producing shrinkage cavity, defective such as loose.The sound box that casting is good obtains loud speaker, dust cover, pin pin location hole through machining.Location hole can be straight hole or screw.
The goods that casting is obtained carry out the surface finish processing.Magnesium and Mg alloy surface are easy to corrosion, and the audio amplifier outer wall can produce tiny casting flaw in casting process, but outer surface is polished or played putty.Utilize methods such as plating, face coat, hot-spraying coating, diffusion coating, ion injection, surface by micro-arc oxidation, laser surface alloying, brushing protective paint that audio amplifier inwall, outer wall are carried out preservative treatment; These processing methods can make the audio amplifier surface obtain metal-like extremely attractive in appearance, perhaps brush versicolor piano lacquer and make audio amplifier attractive in appearance.
Casing is installed high, medium and low band loudspeaker of one or more high-quality and audio electronics frequency divider as required.Inner shop sound-absorbing material like pitch, sponge, foam, paper etc., promptly can be made into the magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box with high tone quality.
Except sound box, for the bookshelf-type audio amplifier, supporting audio amplifier frame also can utilize magnesium alloy to carry out monoblock cast.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: utilize magnesium alloy to carry out the monoblock cast of sound box; Can obtain almost arbitrary shape, size, baroque jointless sound box easily; Therefore can control the diffuse reflection mode of sound wave in the casing; Suppress the generation of resonance and standing wave, thereby obtain the audio amplifier of desirable acoustic characteristic.For example the audio amplifier sidewall is processed the diffuse reflection cambered surface of certain radian.Utilize this sound box basic near theoretic desirability casing-pure rigid body, the tiny casting flaw of audio amplifier inner surface helps the diffuse reflection of sound wave.Therefore; This audio amplifier has advantages such as effective inhibition audio frequency side leaks, resonance is little, sound insulation is good; Tonequality is more purer than wooden acoustic box, nature, fidelity are good, has eliminated the distinctive standing wave of wooden acoustic box, false bass, leakage shortcomings such as (low cut are excessive) basically.The panel of pure magnesium audio amplifier has the texture attractive in appearance of metal, and the manufacture craft of magnesium and magnesium alloy audio amplifier integrally cast sound box is simple, and cost reduces.The technology features of magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box body is: remove electric elements such as loud speaker, frequency divider, binding post, and outside the dust cover, pin pin etc., the structure division of sound box bodies is for to carry out monoblock cast with pure magnesium or magnesium alloy.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the two frequency division bookshelf audio amplifier sketch mapes of sidewall cambered surface of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sidewall cambered surface three frequency division abnormity audio amplifier sketch map of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the concrete structure sketch map of the utility model.
Embodiment
The concrete scope of used magnesium of the present invention and magnesium alloy materials:
Pure Mg: purity range: 99.99%～99.9% (percentage by weight).
Magnesium alloy: Mg-X series alloy, X=Ni, Zr, Al, Cu, Li, Mn, Si, Ca, Ti; V, Be, Fe, Zn, Cr, Nb, Hf, Ce, Co; La, B, C, N, Sc, Ga, Ge, Sr, Mo; Ag, Au, In, Sn, Bi, rare earth element Re, and wherein any one or multiple element and Mg combination are formed binary, ternary or complex magnesium alloy, and the content of every kind of alloying element all can change in the scope of 0.001～99% (percentage by weight).
Sound box is given an example with the magnesium alloy composition:
Mg-(0.1～2.0％)Zr；
Mg-(0.1～50.0％)Ni；
Mg-(0.1～10.0％)Al-(0.1～10.0％)Zn；
Mg-(0.1～20.0％)Ni-(0.1～5.0％)Zr；
Mg-(0.1～20.0％)Cu-(0.1～5.0％)Mn；
Mg-(0.1～20.0％)Ni-(0.1～5.0％)Nb；
Above-mentioned Mg composition is a surplus.
Embodiment one
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, this example has designed a kind of front wooden partition, two side, roof and has been cambered surface, and lower wall and rear wall are the magnesium alloy integrally cast bookshelf-type sound box bodies on plane.This casing is the two frequency division bookshelf audio amplifiers of sidewall cambered surface; The scope of each wall thickness does not wait from 5mm to 50mm, and the thickness of front wooden partition is maximum, the width of antetheca and width and the height of height greater than rear wall; Audio amplifier is 2 frequency divisions; Top is the tweeter perforate, and tweeter can adopt high-quality cortina, the titanium metal film that is about 1 inch, perhaps tweeter such as aluminum alloy thin belt high pitch; The middle part is the medium and low frequency speaker aperture, can adopt 5 inches to 10 inches high-quality medium and low frequency loud speaker; The bottom is the sound wave phase-reversing tube, and phase-reversing tube length is about 1/2 to 2/3 of audio amplifier internal depth.Front panel has 4 face shields and fixedly uses aperture.4 threaded pin pin fixing holes are arranged at the audio amplifier bottom.As shown in Figure 1.The audio amplifier front panel adopts pouring position downward.
Embodiment two
With reference to Fig. 2, this example has designed a kind of front wooden partition, two side, roof and rear wall and has been cambered surface, and lower wall is the magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box body on plane.Sound box bodies adopts the arc transition design according to the loud speaker size from top to bottom.Audio amplifier is a three frequency division, and top is tweeter, and the middle part is a mid frequency ludspeaker, and the bottom is a woofer.Tweeter can adopt high-quality cortina, the titanium alloy film that is about 1 inch, perhaps tweeter such as aluminum alloy thin belt high pitch; Mid frequency ludspeaker can adopt 5 inches to 10 inches loud speaker; Woofer can adopt 8 inches to 18 inches loud speaker, and the bottom is the sound wave paraphase hole.The scope of each position wall thickness does not wait from 5mm to 100mm.Can cast out 4 on the audio amplifier bottom surface and fall terraced steps, be used for contacting with ground as the audio amplifier pin.As shown in Figure 2.
Concrete structure is like Fig. 1, shown in 2 and 3; Magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box comprises sound box bodies 1, install in the sound box bodies 1 tweeter, in/woofer and Active crossover device 7; And through lead connection binding post 8; Its inwall also is provided with sound absorbing layer 9, and described sound box bodies 1 is the magnesium alloy integrally cast structure, and the top of sound box bodies 1 is provided with tweeter hole 3; During the middle part is provided with/woofer hole 2; The bottom is provided with sound wave paraphase hole 5, or gos deep into the phase-reversing tube of box house.This sound box bodies 1 also is shaped on binding post hole 4 and audio amplifier pin 6.
The audio amplifier front panel adopts pouring position downward.
The foregoing description one or embodiment two, the concrete weight % of the magnesium alloy composition that is adopted:
Mg-0.1%Zr or Mg-0.1%Ni or Mg-0.1%Al-0.1%Zn or Mg-0.1%Ni-0.1%Zr or Mg-0.1%Cu-0.1%Mn or Mg-0.1%Ni-0.1%Nb, above-mentioned Mg composition is a surplus;
Mg-2.0%Zr or Mg-50.0%Ni or Mg-10.0%Al-10.0%Zn or Mg-20.0%Ni-5.0%Zr or Mg-20.0%Cu-5.0%Mn or Mg-20.0%Ni-5.0%Nb, above-mentioned Mg composition is a surplus;
Mg-1%Zr or Mg-20%) Ni or Mg-5%Al-4%Zn or Mg-8%Ni-3%Zr or Mg-9%Cu-2%Mn or Mg-12%Ni-4%Nb, above-mentioned Mg composition is a surplus;
Mg-0.15%Zr or Mg-10%Ni or Mg-9%Al-2%Zn or Mg-12%Ni-3.5%Zr or Mg-16%Cu-1%1Mn or Mg-5%Ni-1%Nb, above-mentioned Mg composition is a surplus.
The foregoing description one also need carry out preservative treatment and japanning with the sound box of embodiment two preparations.
Claims (9)
1. magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box; Comprise sound box bodies (1); Install in the sound box bodies (1) tweeter, in/woofer and Active crossover device (7), and connect binding post (8) through lead, its inwall also is provided with sound absorbing layer (9); It is characterized in that: described sound box bodies (1) is the magnesium alloy integrally cast structure, and the top of sound box bodies (1) is provided with tweeter hole (3); During the middle part is provided with/woofer hole (2); The bottom is provided with sound wave paraphase hole (5); Make the method for above-mentioned magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box; This method be in air or protective atmosphere under, magnesium alloy is melted in smelting furnace, through sand casting, die cast, model casting, compression casting, semi-solid-state shaping casting technique; Be cast as whole sound box, casting core adopts reel, metal-cored, wax core.
2. magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: front wooden partition, two side, roof, lower wall and the rear wall of said casing (1) are designed to plane or cambered surface, above-mentioned each wallboard uniform thickness or uniform thickness not.
3. magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the cambered surface of each outer wall of said audio amplifier and inwall is disc or ellipsoid, and radius of curvature is designed to special-shaped audio amplifier with audio amplifier from 20mm to the infinity.
4. the method for manufacturing magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box as claimed in claim 1, the magnesium alloy composition that is adopted in this method comprises the Mg-X series alloy, X=Ni, Zr, Al, Cu, Li, Mn; Si, Ca, Ti, V, Be, Fe, Zn, Cr; Nb, Hf, Ce, Co, La, B, C, N; Sc, Ga, Ge, Sr, Mo, Ag, Au; In, Sn, Bi, rare earth element Re, and wherein any one or multiple element and Mg combination are formed binary, ternary or complex magnesium alloy, and the content of every kind of alloying element is all in percentage by weight is 0.001～99% scope.
5. the method for manufacturing magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box as claimed in claim 4, the weight % of the magnesium alloy composition that is adopted in this method:
Mg-(0.1～2.0%) Zr or Mg-(0.1～50.0%) Ni or Mg-(0.1～10.0%) Al-(0.1～10.0%) Zn or Mg-(0.1～20.0%) Ni-(0.1～5.0%) Zr or Mg-(0.1～20.0%) Cu-(0.1～5.0%) Mn or Mg-(0.1～20.0%) Ni-(0.1～5.0%) Nb, above-mentioned Mg composition is a surplus.
6. the method for manufacturing magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box as claimed in claim 5, the concrete weight % of the magnesium alloy composition that is adopted in this method:
Mg-0.1%Zr or Mg-0.1%Ni or Mg-0.1%Al-0.1%Zn or Mg-0.1%Ni-0.1%Zr or Mg-0.1%Cu-0.1%Mn or Mg-0.1%Ni-0.1%Nb, above-mentioned Mg composition is a surplus.
7. the method for manufacturing magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box as claimed in claim 5, the concrete weight % of the magnesium alloy composition that is adopted in this method:
Mg-2.0%Zr or Mg-50.0%Ni or Mg-10.0%Al-10.0%Zn or Mg-20.0%Ni-5.0%Zr or Mg-20.0%Cu-5.0%Mn or Mg-20.0%Ni-5.0%Nb, above-mentioned Mg composition is a surplus.
8. the method for manufacturing magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box as claimed in claim 5, the concrete weight % of the magnesium alloy composition that is adopted in this method:
Mg-1%Zr or Mg-20%Ni or Mg-5%Al-4%Zn or Mg-8%Ni-3%Zr or Mg-9%Cu-2%Mn or Mg-12%Ni-4%Nb, above-mentioned Mg composition is a surplus.
9. the method for manufacturing magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box as claimed in claim 5, the concrete weight % of the magnesium alloy composition that is adopted in this method:
Mg-0.15%Zr or Mg-10%Ni or Mg-9%Al-2%Zn or Mg-12%Ni-3.5%Zr or Mg-16%Cu-1%1Mn or Mg-5%Ni-1%Nb, above-mentioned Mg composition is a surplus.
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