CN109022977A - A kind of the casting magnesium alloy and processing technology fire-retardant using liquid metal - Google Patents
A kind of the casting magnesium alloy and processing technology fire-retardant using liquid metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN109022977A CN109022977A CN201811225288.7A CN201811225288A CN109022977A CN 109022977 A CN109022977 A CN 109022977A CN 201811225288 A CN201811225288 A CN 201811225288A CN 109022977 A CN109022977 A CN 109022977A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of casting magnesium alloy and processing technology fire-retardant using liquid metal.According to weight percent, the ingredient of the alloy are as follows: In:1.0-1.2wt.%, Sn:3.0-3.5wt.%, Bi:2.5-2.8wt.%, Ti:0.4-0.6wt.%, Al:5.0-8.0wt.%, Cu:2.0-2.8wt.%, Si:1.8-2.5wt.%, Mn:0.2-0.4wt.%, surplus are magnesium.The material is that the fire-retardant of magnesium alloy provides a kind of materialogy scheme that liquid-metal layer is formed based on surface, and the alloy is cast magnesium alloy.The implementation and industrialization of the alloy can push significantly China in high-end field to the business upgrade requirement of high-quality magnesium alloy materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of alloy, specifically, being related to a kind of magnesium alloy.
Background technique
Magnesium is one of the most abundant light metal alloy of reserves on the earth, and specific gravity is 1.74g/cm3, only aluminium 2/3, titanium
2/5, the 1/4 of steel.The storage very abundant of nature magnesium is that aluminium, iron are only second in the earth's crust, is the highest structure of third abundance
Metal.The primary purposes of magnesium metal is used as alloy addition element；Followed by casting and deformed Mg of the manufacture suitable for making structural member
Alloy；It is finally for steel desulfurization.
Magnesium alloy is formd after adding a series of alloying element in magnesium.According to manufacturing method, magnesium alloy is divided into casting
Magnesium alloy and wrought magnesium alloy.Either cast magnesium alloy or wrought magnesium alloy all have the advantages that a series of: (1) than
In terms of intensity.The specific strength of magnesium alloy is higher than aluminium alloy and iron, therefore, under the intensity for not reducing components, can reduce aluminium or
The weight of the components of iron.(2) in terms of electromagnetic wave shielding.The electromagnetic wave shielding performance energy effect of magnesium alloy is good.Use magnesium alloy
The electroplating work procedure of electromagnetic shielding film can be saved.(3) in terms of machining property.Cutting resistance of the magnesium alloy than other metals
It is small, it can faster speed processing in machining.(4) in terms of vibration damping.Since magnesium alloy is to the absorbability of vibrational energy
Can be good, using vibration can be reduced on the component for driving and being driven.
Magnesium alloy early in two prewar i.e. with its applicability on various structures (such as aircraft structure), and become it is most light
High-test metal structural material.Magnesium alloy is used as structural member, and crossing, removal is outer in aerospace field application, due at basis
Because not being widely applied as aluminium alloy.With the development that novel magnesium alloy designs, more and more magnesium alloys are
For aerospace field, and achieve the very big market sales volume.In field of traffic, in order to solve energy consumption and environmental issue and
Largely use magnesium alloy.Magnesium alloy can mitigate car weight and reduce fuel consumption, and safety and comfort aspect are better than aluminium and cast iron.?
Under the promotion of auto industry, magnesium alloy was constantly expanding market within past 10 years, with average annual 15% growth rate.This right-hand side
Machine shell, laptop computer, Advanced Videos equipment and digital camera shell in be widely used Magnesium Alloys Components, give full play to
Magnesium alloy is light, durable, vibration damping, shields the functions such as nonmagnetic.Magnesium alloy production is constantly expanded with the field of application and purposes, greatly
There is gesture in the ascendant.
The extremely active natural attribute of magnesium alloy also brings serious using problem.In certain temperature, pressure is gentle
It flows under environment, magnesium alloy can lead to the burning of magnesium alloy due to friction or outer fire.The burning velocity of magnesium alloy quickly, from combustion
Burn end only 20 seconds or so, it is difficult to take common fire suppression measures.Thus to the demanding occasion of material safety energy
Limit further using for magnesium alloy.In order to solve the combustion problem of magnesium alloy, people are added to Ca in the magnesium alloy, thus
In one layer of the Surface Creation of Serum Magnesium finer and close CaO and MgO mixture oxide layer in combustion process.Since the oxide layer hinders
Gear effect, so that oxygen contact magnesium alloy fused mass is suppressed, so as to avoid the burning of magnesium alloy.Further, it is also possible to pass through
Fire-retardant positive effect is played by flame retardant coating technology in Mg alloy surface, but can't fundamentally solve magnesium alloy
Combustion problem.
Material is the material base that human society is depended on for existence, makes a general survey of the history of human development, every kind of important new material
It was found that and using all the capability improving of mankind's nature remodeling to a new level.In the contemporary society that science and technology is with rapid changepl. never-ending changes and improvements,
The breakthrough of the great science and technology of each single item also largely has relied on the development of corresponding new material.New material is modern science and technology
Originally, the development of new and high technology at this stage is often to break through with new material technology for development.In view of magnesium alloy application field and
Usage amount, it may be said that the development and application of novel magnesium alloy material represents a national scientific and technological level to a certain extent.
Have benefited from the transition and upgrade of Chinese industrial and being obviously improved for China's economic status, magnesium alloy industry enables market see
It is good.Wherein, the lightweight of automobile industry, the development and research and development of magnesium alloy technology of environmental protection demand, especially new-energy automobile
With being constantly progressive for recovery and utilization technology, sufficient social base is provided to the market demand for wideling popularize magnesium alloy.It can
It is anticipated that magnesium alloy can show more extensive application prospect in industrial circle and national defence.China possesses abundant
Magnesium resource, magnesium reserves occupy first place in the world, develop magnesium alloy and have broad prospects.Currently, facing international magnesium alloy high speed hair
The advantageous situation of exhibition, has developed and utilized China's magnesium resource and has been of great practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiency in the prior art, provides a kind of casting fire-retardant using liquid metal and is closed with magnesium
Gold and processing technology.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of the casting magnesium alloy and processing technology fire-retardant using liquid metal.By weight percentage, the group of alloy becomes
In:1.0-1.2wt.%,Sn:3.0-3.5wt.%,Bi:2.5-2.8wt.%,Ti:0.4-0.6wt.%,Al:5.0-8.0wt.%,
Cu:2.0-2.8wt.%, Si:1.8-2.5wt.%, Mn:0.2-0.4wt.%, surplus are magnesium.
Above-mentioned a kind of the casting magnesium alloy and processing technology fire-retardant using liquid metal, including the following steps: will be as above
The raw material of proportion is added in the electric induction furnace of argon gas protection, and uses silicon carbide crucible.Induction heating forms alloy to 800 degree
Melt, and be sufficiently stirred 15 minutes or so using electromagnetic agitation effect.Alloy melt is poured after 800 degree of heat preservations stand 15 minutes
It casts onto and carries out casting and forming in waterglass or graphite jig.Resulting ingot casting is heated to 700 degree under protection of argon gas and is protected
Temperature 10 minutes;Then the melt is poured into and carries out cast molding in the mold being ready for;It is eliminated after cooling and demolding
Casting stress vacuum annealing, temperature are 120 degree, and the time is 0.4 hour.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) aluminium alloy is because aluminum alloy surface can form fine and close oxidation film, suppression in air there is no the danger of burning
Transmitting of the oxygen to aluminum alloy surface is made.In comparison, magnesium alloy aoxidizes the magnesia to be formed since consistency problem cannot
Fire-retardant effect is played to magnesium alloy.Traditionally, the design of antiflaming magnesium alloy is to be formed by the way that Ca element is added in oxidation
The composite oxide layer of CaO and MgO stops the diffusion of oxygen.But the protective layer that CaO and MgO is formed substantially is still
Solid oxide particle is dispersed in Serum Magnesium surface and causes diffusion barrier layer, is substantially still open structure.As magnesium closes
Golden operating condition is increasingly harsh, and all trades and professions have increasing need for a kind of highly efficient magnesium alloy flame-proof design method.This patent Shen
The magnesium alloy that please be protected uses a kind of protection mechanism of low melting point liquid metal.Since the low melting point liquid metal is from magnesium alloy
The crystal boundary of matrix generates, and is completely covered on Mg alloy surface.It thus can be by magnesium alloy before magnesium alloy temperature reaches fusing point
Surface is completely covered, and has sufficiently completely cut off contact of the oxygen with Mg alloy surface, has established structure basis to be fire-retardant.
(2) for the magnesium alloy during solidification, the alloying element with higher melt will form first precipitated phase from melt
Then middle precipitation is precipitated between dendrite or between high-melting-point phase interface along with low melting point solid phase.These low melting points are met
The structure of network is formed in magnesium alloy substrate, and in the matrix of magnesium alloy.Then since friction or outer fire cause
Magnesium alloy temperature-rise period in, these low melting points meet generation at first fusing and in Mg alloy surface drawout.Since these are low
Essential element contained by fusing point phase has than magnesium and the lower affinity of oxygen, thus can be used as effective diffusion barrier layer for oxygen
It comes with Mg alloy surface barrier.In addition, these low melting point liquid metals are due to acting as lubricant in Mg alloy surface
It can reduce frictional heat generation.So that the dry friction of Mg alloy surface becomes the friction of liquid phase lubrication at higher temperatures, from
And drastically reduce frictional work and heating amount.This design method can not only substantially reduce alloying element usage amount, obtain
Extraordinary flame retardant effect can also be obtained while conventional magnesium alloy mechanical property.
(3) magnesium alloy has wider solid liquid phase solidification temperature range, the gold element so that composition low melting point is harmonious
It can adequately be gathered in network-like structure, to establish structure basis for the fire-retardant of magnesium alloy.In addition, the alloy has
There is the advantages that excellent mobility, filling capacity is good, and shrinkage cavity tendency is small.Thus the tendency of hot tearing is small in casting process, casting
Hole and loose few, and high yield rate after hot-working and cold working.The whole melting range of the magnesium alloy is (230-510
Degree), and wherein the fusing point of intergranular low melting point phase is (230-280 degree).Since low melting point liquid metal has very low surface
Power, thus these a small amount of low melting point products can adequately spread over Mg alloy surface, arrive necessary flame retardant effect.
(4) magnesium alloy in addition to due to friction or it is outer fiery can be in Surface Creation when temperature is increased to fusing point or less
Low melting point liquid metal is fire-retardant outer to carry out, moreover it is possible to reach the mechanical property of traditional magnesium alloy: elasticity modulus 60-80GPa, bend
Taking intensity is 100-120MPa, tensile strength 140-150MPa, elongation percentage 12-14%.In addition, the alloy also have it is excellent
Die casting performance.The thin-section casting of high dimensional accuracy and low surface roughness, die casting can be produced using the method for die casting
Wall thickness can reach the casting that minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) is 1mm, can cast out the aperture that diameter is 0.5 mm or so.It is contemplated that the material
Industrialization will the requirement for meeting structural member lightweight and safe simultaneously, great magnesium alloy market can be obtained and occupied
Amount.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of the casting magnesium alloy and processing technology fire-retardant using liquid metal.By weight percentage, the group of alloy becomes
In:1.0wt.%,Sn:3.0wt.%,Bi:2.5wt.%,Ti:0.4wt.%,Al:5.0wt.%,Cu:2.0wt.%,Si:1.8wt.%,
Mn:0.2wt.%, surplus are magnesium.Above-mentioned a kind of the casting magnesium alloy and processing technology fire-retardant using liquid metal, including it is as follows
Step: the raw material as above matched being added in the electric induction furnace of argon gas protection, and uses silicon carbide crucible.Induction heating arrives
800 degree are formed alloy melt, and are sufficiently stirred 15 minutes or so using electromagnetic agitation effect.Alloy melt is kept the temperature at 800 degree
It is cast to after standing 15 minutes in waterglass or graphite jig and carries out casting and forming.Resulting ingot casting is added under protection of argon gas
Heat is to 700 degree and keeps the temperature 10 minutes;Then the melt is poured into and carries out cast molding in the mold being ready for;After cooling and demolding
It carries out eliminating casting stress vacuum annealing, temperature is 120 degree, and the time is 0.4 hour.
The magnesium alloy have wider solid liquid phase solidification temperature range so that constitute low melting point be harmonious gold element can
It is adequately gathered in network-like structure, to establish structure basis for the fire-retardant of magnesium alloy.The Integral melting of the magnesium alloy
Point temperature range is (240-460 degree), and wherein the fusing point of intergranular low melting point phase is (240-260 degree).Due to low melting point liquid
Metal has very low surface tension, thus these a small amount of low melting point products can adequately spread over Mg alloy surface,
To necessary flame retardant effect.The magnesium alloy in addition to due to friction or it is outer fiery can be on surface when temperature is increased to fusing point or less
It is fire-retardant outer to carry out to generate low melting point liquid metal, moreover it is possible to reach the mechanical property of traditional magnesium alloy: elasticity modulus 64GPa,
Yield strength is 108MPa, tensile strength 145MPa, elongation percentage 12%.In addition, the alloy also has excellent die casting
Energy.The thin-section casting of high dimensional accuracy and low surface roughness can be produced using the method for die casting, die casting wall thickness is reachable
The casting for being 1mm to minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) can cast out the aperture that diameter is 0.5 mm or so.
Embodiment 2
A kind of the casting magnesium alloy and processing technology fire-retardant using liquid metal.By weight percentage, the group of alloy becomes
In:1.2wt.%,Sn:3.5wt.%,Bi:2.8wt.%,Ti:0.6wt.%,Al:8.0wt.%,Cu:2.8wt.%,Si:2.5wt.%,
Mn:0.4wt.%, surplus are magnesium.Above-mentioned a kind of the casting magnesium alloy and processing technology fire-retardant using liquid metal, including it is as follows
Step: the raw material as above matched being added in the electric induction furnace of argon gas protection, and uses silicon carbide crucible.Induction heating arrives
800 degree are formed alloy melt, and are sufficiently stirred 15 minutes or so using electromagnetic agitation effect.Alloy melt is kept the temperature at 800 degree
It is cast to after standing 15 minutes in waterglass or graphite jig and carries out casting and forming.Resulting ingot casting is added under protection of argon gas
Heat is to 700 degree and keeps the temperature 10 minutes;Then the melt is poured into and carries out cast molding in the mold being ready for;After cooling and demolding
It carries out eliminating casting stress vacuum annealing, temperature is 120 degree, and the time is 0.4 hour.
The magnesium alloy have wider solid liquid phase solidification temperature range so that constitute low melting point be harmonious gold element can
It is adequately gathered in network-like structure, to establish structure basis for the fire-retardant of magnesium alloy.The Integral melting of the magnesium alloy
Point temperature range is (250-460 degree), and wherein the fusing point of intergranular low melting point phase is (250-270 degree).Due to low melting point liquid
Metal has very low surface tension, thus these a small amount of low melting point products can adequately spread over Mg alloy surface,
To necessary flame retardant effect.The magnesium alloy in addition to due to friction or it is outer fiery can be on surface when temperature is increased to fusing point or less
It is fire-retardant outer to carry out to generate low melting point liquid metal, moreover it is possible to reach the mechanical property of traditional magnesium alloy: elasticity modulus 72GPa,
Yield strength is 115MPa, tensile strength 148MPa, elongation percentage 13%.In addition, the alloy also has excellent die casting
Energy.The thin-section casting of high dimensional accuracy and low surface roughness can be produced using the method for die casting, die casting wall thickness is reachable
The casting for being 1mm to minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) can cast out the aperture that diameter is 0.5 mm or so.
Embodiment 3
A kind of the casting magnesium alloy and processing technology fire-retardant using liquid metal.By weight percentage, the group of alloy becomes
In:1.1wt.%,Sn:3.2wt.%,Bi:2.6wt.%,Ti:0.5wt.%,Al:5.2wt.%,Cu:2.5wt.%,Si:1.9wt.%,
Mn:0.3wt.%, surplus are magnesium.Above-mentioned a kind of the casting magnesium alloy and processing technology fire-retardant using liquid metal, including it is as follows
Step: the raw material as above matched being added in the electric induction furnace of argon gas protection, and uses silicon carbide crucible.Induction heating arrives
800 degree are formed alloy melt, and are sufficiently stirred 15 minutes or so using electromagnetic agitation effect.Alloy melt is kept the temperature at 800 degree
It is cast to after standing 15 minutes in waterglass or graphite jig and carries out casting and forming.Resulting ingot casting is added under protection of argon gas
Heat is to 700 degree and keeps the temperature 10 minutes;Then the melt is poured into and carries out cast molding in the mold being ready for;After cooling and demolding
It carries out eliminating casting stress vacuum annealing, temperature is 120 degree, and the time is 0.4 hour.
The magnesium alloy have wider solid liquid phase solidification temperature range so that constitute low melting point be harmonious gold element can
It is adequately gathered in network-like structure, to establish structure basis for the fire-retardant of magnesium alloy.The Integral melting of the magnesium alloy
Point temperature range is (238-450 degree), and wherein the fusing point of intergranular low melting point phase is (238-260 degree).Due to low melting point liquid
Metal has very low surface tension, thus these a small amount of low melting point products can adequately spread over Mg alloy surface,
To necessary flame retardant effect.The magnesium alloy in addition to due to friction or it is outer fiery can be on surface when temperature is increased to fusing point or less
It is fire-retardant outer to carry out to generate low melting point liquid metal, moreover it is possible to reach the mechanical property of traditional magnesium alloy: elasticity modulus 75GPa,
Yield strength is 116MPa, tensile strength 142MPa, elongation percentage 14%.In addition, the alloy also has excellent die casting
Energy.The thin-section casting of high dimensional accuracy and low surface roughness can be produced using the method for die casting, die casting wall thickness is reachable
The casting for being 1mm to minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) can cast out the aperture that diameter is 0.5 mm or so.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of the casting magnesium alloy and processing technology fire-retardant using liquid metal；According to weight percent, the alloy at
It is divided into: In:1.0-1.2wt.%, Sn:3.0-3.5wt.%, Bi:2.5-2.8wt.%, Ti:0.4-0.6wt.%, Al:5.0-
8.0wt.%,Cu:2.0-
2.8wt.%, Si:1.8-2.5wt.%, Mn:0.2-0.4wt.%, surplus are magnesium.
2. a kind of the casting magnesium alloy and processing technology, feature fire-retardant using liquid metal exist according to claim 1
In including following smelting step: the raw material as above matched being added in the electric induction furnace of argon gas protection, and use silicon carbide earthenware
Crucible；Induction heating forms alloy melt to 800 degree, and is sufficiently stirred 15 minutes or so using electromagnetic agitation effect；Alloy is melted
Body is cast in waterglass or graphite jig after 800 degree of heat preservations stand 15 minutes and carries out casting and forming.
3. a kind of the casting magnesium alloy and processing technology, feature fire-retardant using liquid metal exist according to claim 1
In comprising using step as follows: resulting ingot casting being heated to 700 degree under protection of argon gas and keeps the temperature 10 minutes;Then this is melted
Body, which pours into, carries out cast molding in the mold being ready for;It carries out eliminating casting stress vacuum annealing, temperature after cooling and demolding
Degree is 120 degree, and the time is 0.4 hour.
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| CN101572851A (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2009-11-04 | 沈阳航空工业学院 | Magnesium alloy integrally cast sound box and manufacturing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20181218 |