CN101551277A - Array type multipoint temperature monitoring system - Google Patents
Array type multipoint temperature monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101551277A CN101551277A CNA200910116816XA CN200910116816A CN101551277A CN 101551277 A CN101551277 A CN 101551277A CN A200910116816X A CNA200910116816X A CN A200910116816XA CN 200910116816 A CN200910116816 A CN 200910116816A CN 101551277 A CN101551277 A CN 101551277A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a array type multi-point temperature monitoring system, including a plurality of monitoring devices, each of which is connected with a temperature sensor measuringline cable of 1000m at longest, each measuringline cable may drive at most 50 of single bus temperature sensors, the temperature sensor is capable of detecting the temperature information of the position where the temperature sensor locating, and the temperature data is transmitted to the monitoring device with a singlechip as a control kernel through a single bus data transmission protocol. The monitoring device has functions of data display, data memory, parameter enactment, overrun alarm, data transmission and the like. The monitoring devices combine a network through RS-485 communication bus, and are connected to a computer host by RS-485/RS-232 protocol converters, and RS-232 bus to form the array type multi-point temperature monitoring system. The array type multi-point temperature monitoring system is used for situation with a large area multi-point temperature monitoring requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the temperature monitoring system field, is a kind of occasions such as storage, freezer and coal mine freezing method sinking shaft temperature field monitoring that are applied in, the array type multipoint temperature monitoring system that measurement range is big, measure dot number is many.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of commercial production safety requirements, need be more and more to the occasion that temperature is monitored, traditional temperature patrol inspection instrument measuring point is limited, and measuring point is subjected to strict restriction to the distance of instrument, is difficult to the big application scenario of satisfied temperature measuring point coverage.And the continuous multipoint temperature monitoring of large tracts of land that appears as of emerging distributed optical fiber temperature monitoring method provides a kind of good solution, but its fancy price is hung back the simple temperature monitoring demand of great majority.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the defective of existing thermometry, a kind of array type multipoint temperature monitoring system is provided, the purpose that cost is low, area coverage is big to reach, measure dot number is many.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Array type multipoint temperature monitoring system, it is characterized in that: comprise a plurality of monitoring devices and RS-485 communication bus, described a plurality of monitoring device is connected to respectively on the RS-485 communication bus, is connected with cable on described each monitoring device, is connected with a plurality of temperature sensors on the described cable; System also includes computing machine, and described computing machine is connected with the RS-485/RS-232 protocol converter by the RS-232 communication bus, and described monitoring device is connected with the RS-485/RS-232 protocol converter by the RS-485 communication bus;
Described monitoring device comprises that model is single-chip microcomputer, real time clock circuit, communicating circuit, temperature sensor driving circuit and the power circuit of ATmega128L; After being connected with resistance on the pin 1 of described single-chip microcomputer, be connected to power circuit by lead again, pin 2, pin 3 and pin 4 are connected to communicating circuit by lead respectively, the pin 7 of described single-chip microcomputer, pin 8 and pin 9 are connected to real time clock circuit by lead respectively, pin 10～the pin 17 of described single-chip microcomputer is connected to the temperature sensor driving circuit by lead respectively, the pin 20 of described single-chip microcomputer connects a reset circuit, described reset circuit comprises three leads of drawing on the pin 20 and draws lead institute interface unit, draw and be connected to power circuit again after being connected with resistance on the lead for described one, another root lead is connected to the anode of a diode, described diode cathode is connected to power circuit by lead, be connected with behind the electric capacity ground connection again on the 3rd lead, the pin 21 of described single-chip microcomputer is connected to power circuit by lead, pin 22 ground connection, be connected with a crystal oscillating circuit between the pin 23 of described single-chip microcomputer and the pin 24, described crystal oscillating circuit comprises two electric capacity of mutual series connection, after described two electric capacity are connected mutually again with a crystal oscillator formation in parallel parallel circuit, there is lead to draw and ground connection between described two series capacitances, the pin 27 and the pin 28 of described single-chip microcomputer are connected to communicating circuit by lead respectively, the pin 52 of described single-chip microcomputer is connected to power circuit by lead, pin 53 ground connection, the pin 54 of described single-chip microcomputer, pin 55, pin 56 and pin 57 are connected to the pin 9 of debugging interface in the JTAG sheet respectively by the lead correspondence, pin 3, pin 5 and pin 1, also have lead to draw on four leads in the described JTAG sheet between debugging interface and the described single-chip microcomputer, described four draw be connected to pull-up resistor respectively on the lead after, be connected to power circuit again, the pin 2 and pin 10 ground connection of debugging interface in the described JTAG sheet, pin 6 is connected to the pin 20 of single-chip microcomputer by lead, pin 4 is connected to power circuit by lead, be connected with ground connection behind the electric capacity on the pin 62 of described single-chip microcomputer, pin 63 ground connection, there are two leads to draw on the pin 64, one draw be connected with inductance on the lead after, be connected to power circuit again, another root is drawn and is connected with ground connection behind the electric capacity on the lead;
Described real time clock circuit comprises that model is the chip of DS1302, described single-chip microcomputer pin 7, lead on pin 8 and the pin 9 correspondence respectively is connected to described pin of chip 7, pin 6 and pin 5, also there is lead to draw on the lead between described chip and the single-chip microcomputer respectively, described three draw be connected with pull-up resistor respectively on the lead after, be connected to power circuit again, described pin of chip 1 is connected to power circuit by lead, pin 2, one crystal oscillating circuit is arranged between the pin 3, described crystal oscillating circuit comprises two electric capacity of mutual series connection, after described two electric capacity are connected mutually again with a crystal oscillator formation in parallel parallel circuit, have between described two series capacitances lead draw and ground connection on, pin 4 ground connection are connected to ground wire after being connected with a standby button cell on the described pin of chip 8 again;
Described communicating circuit comprises that model is that chip and the model of MAX485 is the chip of MAX232, for monitoring device provides the two-way serial communication interface, wherein optional RS-485 of the bus mode of one road communication port or RS-232, lead on the pin 4 of described chip single-chip microcomputer is connected on the pin 2 of described chip MAX485, and the pin 27 of single-chip microcomputer and the lead on the pin 28 are corresponding respectively to be connected on the pin 9 and pin 10 of chip MAX232; Also has lead on the pin 2 of described chip MAX485, described lead is connected on the pin 3 of chip MAX485, pin 5 ground connection of described chip MAX485, pin 8 is connected to power circuit, be connected with resistance between pin 6 and the pin 7, also have lead to draw on the pin 6 of described chip MAX485 and the pin 7 respectively, the described lead of drawing is connected to respectively on the pin 2 and pin 1 of connector of one four pin, connector pinout 3 ground connection of described four pin, pin 4 is connected to power circuit; Pin 1 and the pin 3 of described chip MAX232, be connected with electric capacity respectively between pin 4 and the pin 5, be connected to power circuit again after being connected with electric capacity on the pin 2, be connected with ground connection behind the electric capacity on the pin 6, described chip MAX232 pin 7 and pin 8 be corresponding respectively to be connected on the pin 2 and pin 3 of serial port connector of one nine pin, pin 5 ground connection of the serial port connector of described nine pin, the pin 13 of described chip MAX232 and pin 14 are connected on the pin 1 and pin 2 of connector of described four pin by the lead correspondence respectively, pin 15 ground connection of described chip MAX232, there are two leads to draw on the pin 16, a lead is connected to power circuit, is connected with ground connection behind the electric capacity on another root lead; Also comprise two tripod wire jumpers, lead on the pin 2 of described single-chip microcomputer connects on the pin 2 of first tripod wire jumper, the pin 1 of described first tripod wire jumper is connected with the pin 12 of described chip MAX232 by lead, pin 3 is connected with the pin 1 of described chip MAX485 by lead, lead on the pin 3 of described single-chip microcomputer connects on the pin 2 of second tripod wire jumper, the pin 1 of described second tripod wire jumper is connected with the pin 11 of described chip MAX232 by lead, and pin 3 is connected with the pin 4 of described chip MAX485 by lead; The pin 1 of described two tripod wire jumpers, when pin 2 passed through the jumper cap short circuit, No. 1 communication port of monitoring device was selected the RS-232 bus mode; The pin 2 of two tripod wire jumpers, when pin 3 passed through the jumper cap short circuit, No. 1 communication port of monitoring device was selected the RS-485 bus mode;
Described temperature sensor driving circuit comprises two the identical driving circuits and the connector of one five pin, described driving circuit comprises three triodes, the base stage of first triode is connected to described single-chip microcomputer by lead, also have lead to draw on the base stage of described first triode, described drawing is connected to power circuit after being connected with resistance on the lead again, the grounded emitter of described first triode, there are two leads to draw on the collector, be connected to power circuit again after being connected with resistance on the lead, after being connected with the adjustable resistance of two series connection on another root lead, be connected to the collector of second triode again, also have lead to draw on the lead between described two adjustable resistances of connecting mutually, draw lead for one and be connected to described single-chip microcomputer, another root is drawn the collector that lead is connected to the 3rd triode, after being connected with resistance on the base stage of described second triode, be connected to described single-chip microcomputer again, the emitter of described second triode is connected to power circuit by lead, after being connected with resistance on the base stage of described the 3rd triode, be connected to described single-chip microcomputer again, also have lead to draw on the collector of the 3rd triode, the described lead of drawing is connected to behind the diode ground connection again, there are two leads to draw on the emitter of described the 3rd triode, a lead is connected to power circuit, after being connected with diode on another root lead, be connected to again on the diode that connects on the 3rd transistor collector; In described first driving circuit, the collector of first triode, draw lead for one between described two adjustable resistances of connecting mutually, the base stage of second triode, the base stage of the 3rd triode respectively with the pin 10 of described single-chip microcomputer, pin 11, connect by lead is corresponding between pin 12 and the pin 13, in described second driving circuit, the collector of first triode, draw lead for one between described two adjustable resistances of connecting mutually, the base stage of second triode, the base stage of the 3rd triode respectively with the pin 14 of described single-chip microcomputer, pin 15, connect by lead is corresponding between pin 16 and the pin 17; The pin 5 of the connector of described five pin is connected to power circuit by lead, pin 1 and pin 3 ground connection, pin 2 and pin 4 are connected on the pin 11 and pin 15 of single-chip microcomputer by the lead correspondence respectively, and described temperature sensor is connected to by cable on the pin 2 or pin 4 of connector of described five pin;
Described power circuit comprises that two models are 7805 the chip and the connector of one two pin, be connected with two electric capacity parallel with one another by lead between described first pin of chip 1 and the pin 2, be connected with parallel circuit by lead between pin 2 and the pin 3, described parallel circuit comprises the resistance and the light emitting diode of mutual series connection, described resistance is with after light emitting diode is connected, again with the mutual formation parallel circuit in parallel of two electric capacity, also have lead to draw on described first pin of chip 1, describedly draw the pin 2 that lead is connected to the connector of described two pin, described first pin of chip 2 is also by lead ground connection, on described first pin of chip 3 the power supply output lead is arranged, described power supply output lead is connected to described single-chip microcomputer respectively, communicating circuit, real time clock circuit, liquid crystal display circuit, the position that connects power supply in the warning circuit; Described second pin of chip 1 is connected to the pin 2 of the connector of described two pin by lead, pin 1 ground connection of the connector of described two pin, be connected with two electric capacity parallel with one another by lead between described second pin of chip 2 and the pin 3, pin 2 is also by lead ground connection, temperature sensor driving circuit power supply output lead is arranged on described second pin of chip 3, and described temperature sensor driving circuit power supply output lead is connected to the collector of first triode in the described driving circuit respectively, the emitter of second triode, the emitter of the 3rd triode, the pin 5 of the connector of five pin.
Described array type multipoint temperature monitoring system, it is characterized in that: described monitoring device also comprises warning circuit, described warning circuit comprises a triode, the emitter of described triode is connected with first chip in the power circuit, there are two leads to draw on the base stage of described triode, after a lead is connected with resistance, be connected with first chip in the power circuit again, another root lead is connected with the pin 6 that is connected to described single-chip microcomputer behind the resistance again, the collector of described triode is connected with terminals of loudspeaker by lead, another terminals ground connection of described loudspeaker.
Described array type multipoint temperature monitoring system, it is characterized in that: described monitoring device also includes liquid crystal display circuit, describedly tuck in brilliant display circuit and comprise that model is the LCDs of JM12864-10, the pin 1 of described LCDs, pin 2, pin 18 and pin 20 be ground connection respectively, first chip of pin 3 and power circuit of described LCDs is connected, pin 4 is connected with first chip of power circuit after being connected with resistance again, pin 5～the pin 17 of described LCDs respectively with the pin 33 of described single-chip microcomputer, pin 34, pin 36, pin 35, pin 20,44 corresponding connections of pin 51～pin, the pin 19 of described LCDs is connected to the collector of triode by lead, be connected with the pin 5 that is connected to described single-chip microcomputer behind the resistance again on the base stage of described triode, the emitter of described triode is connected with first chip of described power circuit by lead.
Described array type multipoint temperature monitoring system, it is characterized in that: described monitoring device also includes key circuit, described key circuit includes the connector of seven pin, pin 1 ground connection of the connector of described seven pin, be connected with button on pin 2～pin 7 respectively, described button other end ground connection, the pin 2～pin 7 of the connector of described seven pin are also respectively by pin 26, pin 29, pin 30, pin 31, pin 32 and pin 20 corresponding are connected of lead with described single-chip microcomputer.
Described array type multipoint temperature monitoring system, it is characterized in that: described monitoring device also comprises decoupling capacitor and the special of ground wire is connected, described decoupling capacitor comprises capacitor C 22～C26, decoupling capacitor one end is connected to the power pin of chip ATmegal128L, DS1302, MAX485, MAX232 respectively during the monitoring device circuit board wiring, and the other end is connected to ground wire; Described special connection is that first working power with all chips that are connected with single-chip microcomputer on the monitoring device circuit board digitally is connected respectively with the power supply simulation ground that mould/number conversion is used, and by lead described two kinds of ground wires is linked to each other at last again;
Described array type multipoint temperature monitoring system is characterized in that: described temperature sensor is selected unibus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 for use.
Described array type multipoint temperature monitoring system is characterized in that: the cable between described monitoring device and the temperature sensor is selected 227IEC53 copper core insulation pvc sheath flexible cord for use.
The present invention includes a plurality of monitoring devices, each monitoring device connects a temperature sensor survey line cable that reaches 1000 meters the longest, can drive 50 1-wire temperature sensors on the every survey line cable at most, temperature sensor can detect the temperature information of its position, by the unibus Data Transport Protocol temperature data being transferred to the single-chip microcomputer is the monitoring device of control core, each monitoring device has functions such as data presentation, data storage, parameter setting, overload alarm, data transmission by independent ac/dc power supply adaptor power supply.By the RS-485 communication bus a plurality of monitoring devices are formed network, be connected to a main frame through the RS-485/RS-232 protocol converter and can form a kind of array type multipoint temperature monitoring system, be used to have the occasion of large tracts of land multipoint temperature monitoring requirement.
Monitoring device as control center, comprises power supply, real-time clock, communication, liquid crystal display, control button, overload alarm and temperature sensor driving circuit by single-chip microcomputer.Have functions such as automatic search temperature sensor, temperature sensor data acquisition, data storage, data in real time demonstration, customer parameter setting, real-time clock, communication.That temperature sensor is selected for use is unibus digital temperature sensor DS18B20, temperature-measuring range :-55～+ 125 ℃, minimum distinguishable temperature is 0.0625 ℃, and the unique coding of each sensor is supported the networking addressing.The cable that monitoring device connects is selected 227IEC53 (RVV) copper core insulation pvc sheath flexible cord for use.Array architecture is selected the RS-485 communication bus for use, and a plurality of monitoring devices are carried out networking, by a RS-485/RS-232 protocol converter computing machine and RS-485 network is coupled together at last again.
The present invention has used 1-wire temperature sensor DS18B20, changed conventional temperature sensor in the past is subjected to distance limit by the signal wire transmits simulating signal present situation, and provide a kind of multipoint temperature monitoring solution of unibus digital data transmission connected mode, have that simple in structure, cheap, signal transmission distance is long, each sensor has absolute address, be convenient to form characteristics such as sensor network, application prospect is boundless.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a drawing system structural drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a monitoring device single chip part circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is other partial circuits of monitoring device of the present invention figure.
Fig. 4 is a monitoring device theory diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1.Array type multipoint temperature monitoring system, comprise a plurality of monitoring devices and RS-485 communication bus, a plurality of monitoring devices are connected to respectively on the RS-485 communication bus, be connected with cable on each monitoring device, cable can be selected 227IEC53 copper core insulation pvc sheath flexible cord for use, be connected with a plurality of temperature sensors on the cable, temperature sensor can be selected unibus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 for use; Also include computing machine, be connected with the RS-485/RS-232 protocol converter by the RS-232 communication bus on the computing machine, monitoring device is connected with the RS-485/RS-232 protocol converter by the RS-485 communication bus;
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3.Described monitoring device comprises that model is single-chip microcomputer U2, real time clock circuit, communicating circuit, temperature sensor driving circuit and the power circuit of ATmega128L; After being connected with resistance R 7 on the pin 1 of described single-chip microcomputer U2, be connected to power circuit by lead again, pin 2, pin 3 and pin 4 are connected to communicating circuit by lead respectively, the pin 7 of described single-chip microcomputer, pin 8 and pin 9 are connected to real time clock circuit by lead respectively, pin 10～the pin 17 of described single-chip microcomputer is connected to the temperature sensor driving circuit by lead respectively, the pin 20 of described single-chip microcomputer connects a reset circuit, described reset circuit comprises three leads that pin 20 is drawn, draw for one and be connected to power circuit again after being connected with resistance R 1 on the lead, another root lead is connected to the anode of a diode D3, described diode D3 negative electrode is connected to power circuit by lead, be connected with after the capacitor C 3 ground connection again on the 3rd lead, the pin 21 of described single-chip microcomputer is connected to power circuit by lead, pin 22 ground connection, be connected with a crystal oscillating circuit between the pin 23 of described single-chip microcomputer and the pin 24, described crystal oscillating circuit comprises two capacitor C 7 and the C8 of mutual series connection, after described two capacitor C 7 and C8 connect mutually again with a crystal oscillator Y3 formation in parallel parallel circuit, there is lead to draw and ground connection between described two series capacitance C7 and the C8, the pin 27 and the pin 28 of described single-chip microcomputer are connected to communicating circuit by lead respectively, the pin 52 of described single-chip microcomputer is connected to power circuit by lead, pin 53 ground connection, the pin 54 of described single-chip microcomputer, pin 55, pin 56 and pin 57 are connected to the pin 9 of debugging interface in the JTAG sheet respectively by the lead correspondence, pin 3, pin 5 and pin 1, also have lead to draw on four leads in the described JTAG sheet between debugging interface and the described single-chip microcomputer, described four draw be connected to pull-up resistor R15～R18 respectively on the lead after, be connected to power circuit again, the pin 2 and pin 10 ground connection of debugging interface in the described JTAG sheet, pin 6 is connected to the pin 20 of single-chip microcomputer U2 by lead, pin 4 is connected to power circuit by lead, be connected with capacitor C 14 back ground connection on the pin 62 of described single-chip microcomputer U2, pin 63 ground connection, there are two leads to draw on the pin 64, one draw be connected with inductance L 2 on the lead after, be connected to power circuit again, another root is drawn and is connected with capacitor C 9 back ground connection on the lead;
Described real time clock circuit comprises that model is the chip DS2 of DS1302, described single-chip microcomputer U2 pin 7, the corresponding respectively pin 7 that is connected to described chip DS2 of lead on pin 8 and the pin 9, pin 6 and pin 5, also there is lead to draw on the lead between described chip DS2 and the single-chip microcomputer US respectively, described three draw be connected with pull-up resistor RDS4～RDS6 respectively on the lead after, be connected to power circuit again, the pin 1 of described chip DS2 is connected to power circuit by lead, pin 2, one crystal oscillating circuit is arranged between the pin 3, described crystal oscillating circuit comprises two capacitor C 15 and the C17 of mutual series connection, after described two capacitor C 15 and C17 connect mutually again with a crystal oscillator Y4 formation in parallel parallel circuit, have between described two series capacitance C15 and the C17 lead draw and ground connection on, pin 4 ground connection are connected with a standby button cell BT2 and are connected to ground wire again on the pin 8 of described chip DS2;
Described communicating circuit comprises that model is that chip and the model of MAX485 is the chip of MAX232, for monitoring device provides the two-way serial communication interface, wherein optional RS-485 of the bus mode of one road communication port or RS-232, lead on the pin 4 of described single-chip microcomputer U2 is connected on the pin 2 of described chip MAX485, and the pin 27 of single-chip microcomputer U2 and the lead on the pin 28 are corresponding respectively to be connected on the pin 9 and pin 10 of chip MAX232; Also has lead on the pin 2 of described chip MAX485, described lead is connected on the pin 3 of chip MAX485, pin 5 ground connection of described chip MAX485, pin 8 is connected to power circuit, be connected with resistance R 21 between pin 6 and the pin 7, also have lead to draw on the pin 6 of described chip MAX485 and the pin 7 respectively, on the described pin 2 and pin 1 of drawing the connector J7 that lead is connected to one four pin respectively, connector J7 pin 3 ground connection of described four pin, pin 4 is connected to power circuit; Pin 1 and the pin 3 of described chip MAX232, be connected with capacitor C 38 and C42 respectively between pin 4 and the pin 5, be connected to power circuit again after being connected with capacitor C 16 on the pin 2, be connected with capacitor C 39 back ground connection on the pin 6, described chip MAX232 pin 7 and pin 8 be corresponding respectively to be connected on the pin 2 and pin 3 of serial port connector DB2 of one nine pin, pin 5 ground connection of the serial port connector DB2 of described nine pin, the pin 13 of described chip MAX232 and pin 14 are connected on the pin 1 and pin 2 of connector J7 of described four pin by the lead correspondence respectively, pin 15 ground connection of described chip MAX232, there are two leads to draw on the pin 16, a lead is connected to power circuit, is connected with capacitor C 41 back ground connection on another root lead; Also comprise two tripod wire jumper J5, J6, lead on the pin 2 of described single-chip microcomputer connects on the pin 2 of tripod wire jumper J5, the pin 1 of described tripod wire jumper J5 is connected with the pin 12 of described chip MAX232 by lead, pin 3 is connected with the pin 1 of described chip MAX485 by lead, lead on the pin 3 of described single-chip microcomputer connects on the pin 2 of tripod wire jumper J6, the pin 1 of described tripod wire jumper J6 is connected with the pin 11 of described chip MAX232 by lead, and pin 3 is connected with the pin 4 of described chip MAX485 by lead; The pin 1 of tripod wire jumper J5, J6, when pin 2 passed through the jumper cap short circuit, No. 1 communication port of monitoring device was selected the RS-232 bus mode; The pin 2 of tripod wire jumper J5, J6, when pin 3 passed through the jumper cap short circuit, No. 1 communication port of monitoring device was selected the RS-485 bus mode;
Described temperature sensor driving circuit comprises two the identical driving circuits and the connector J12 of one five pin, described driving circuit comprises three triodes, the base stage of first triode Q10 is connected to described single-chip microcomputer by lead, also have lead to draw on the base stage of described first triode Q10, described drawing is connected to power circuit after being connected with resistance R 26 on the lead again, the grounded emitter of described first triode Q10, there are two leads to draw on the collector, be connected to power circuit again after being connected with resistance R 27 on the lead, after being connected with the adjustable resistance VR4 and VR6 of two series connection on another root lead, be connected to the collector of second triode Q13 again, also have lead to draw on described two adjustable resistance VR4 that connect mutually and the lead between the VR6, draw lead for one and be connected to described single-chip microcomputer U2, another root is drawn the collector that lead is connected to the 3rd triode Q11, after being connected with resistance R 30 on the base stage of described second triode Q13, be connected to described single-chip microcomputer U2 again, the emitter of described second triode Q13 is connected to power circuit by lead, after being connected with resistance R 28 on the base stage of described the 3rd triode Q11, be connected to described single-chip microcomputer U2 again, also have lead to draw on the collector of the 3rd triode Q11, the described lead of drawing is connected to behind the diode D14 ground connection again, there are two leads to draw on the emitter of described the 3rd triode Q11, a lead is connected to power circuit, after being connected with diode D8 on another root lead, be connected to again on the diode D14 that connects on the 3rd the triode Q11 collector; In described first driving circuit, the collector of first triode Q10, draw lead for one between described two adjustable resistance VR4 that connect mutually and the VR6, the base stage of second triode Q13, the base stage of the 3rd triode Q11 respectively with the pin 10 of described single-chip microcomputer U2, pin 11, connect by lead is corresponding between pin 12 and the pin 13, in described second driving circuit, the collector of first triode Q10, draw lead for one between described two adjustable resistance VR4 that connect mutually and the VR6, the base stage of second triode Q13, the base stage of the 3rd triode Q11 respectively with the pin 14 of described single-chip microcomputer U2, pin 15, connect by lead is corresponding between pin 16 and the pin 17; The pin 5 of the connector J12 of described five pin is connected to power circuit by lead, pin 1 and pin 3 ground connection, pin 2 and pin 4 are connected on the pin 11 and pin 15 of single-chip microcomputer U2 by the lead correspondence respectively, and described temperature sensor is connected to by cable on the pin 2 or pin 4 of connector J12 of described five pin;
Described power circuit comprises that two models are 7805 the chip V3 and the connector J9 of V4 sheet and one two pin, be connected with two capacitor C 18 parallel with one another and C19 by lead between the pin 1 of described first chip V3 and the pin 2, be connected with parallel circuit by lead between pin 2 and the pin 3, described parallel circuit comprises the resistance R 8 and the light emitting diode D4 of mutual series connection, described resistance R 8 is with after light emitting diode D4 connects, again with two capacitor C 20, C21 formation parallel circuit in parallel mutually, also have lead to draw on the pin 1 of described first chip V3, describedly draw the pin 2 that lead is connected to the connector J9 of described two pin, the pin 2 of described first chip V3 is also by lead ground connection, on the pin 3 of described first chip V3 the power supply output lead is arranged, described power supply output lead is connected to described single-chip microcomputer U2 respectively, communicating circuit, real time clock circuit, liquid crystal display circuit, the position that connects power supply in the warning circuit; The pin 1 of described second chip V4 is connected to the pin 2 of the connector J9 of described two pin by lead, pin 1 ground connection of the connector J9 of described two pin, be connected with two capacitor C 40 parallel with one another by lead between the pin 2 of described second chip V4 and the pin 3, C45, pin 2 is also by lead ground connection, temperature sensor driving circuit power supply output lead is arranged on described second pin of chip 3, and described temperature sensor driving circuit power supply output lead is connected to the collector of first triode Q10 in the described driving circuit respectively, the emitter of second triode Q13, the emitter of the 3rd triode Q11, the pin 5 of the connector J12 of five pin.
Described monitoring device also comprises warning circuit, described warning circuit comprises a triode Q7, the emitter of described triode Q7 is connected with first chip V3 in the power circuit, there are two leads to draw on the base stage of described triode Q7, after a lead is connected with resistance R SP4, be connected with first chip V3 in the power circuit again, another root lead is connected with the pin 6 that is connected to described single-chip microcomputer U2 behind the resistance R SP3 again, the collector of described triode Q7 is connected with terminals of loudspeaker by lead, another terminals ground connection of described loudspeaker.
Described monitoring device also includes liquid crystal display circuit, describedly tuck in brilliant display circuit and comprise that model is the LCDs LCD1 of JM12864-10, the pin 1 of described LCDs LCD1, pin 2, pin 18 and pin 20 be ground connection respectively, first chip of pin 3 and power circuit V3 of described LCDs LCD1 is connected, pin 4 is connected with first chip of power circuit V3 after being connected with resistance R LCD again, pin 5～pin 17 of described LCDs LCD1 respectively with the pin 33 of described single-chip microcomputer U2, pin 34, pin 36, pin 35, pin 20,44 corresponding connections of pin 51～pin, the pin 19 of described LCDs LCD1 is connected to the collector of triode Q6 by lead, be connected with the pin 5 that is connected to described single-chip microcomputer U2 after the resistance R 2 again on the base stage of described triode Q6, the emitter of described triode Q6 is connected with first chip V3 of described power circuit by lead.
Described monitoring device also includes key circuit, described key circuit includes the connector J10 of seven pin, pin 1 ground connection of the connector J10 of described seven pin, be connected with button on pin 2～pin 7 respectively, described button other end ground connection, the pin 2～pin 7 of the connector of described seven pin are also respectively by pin 26, pin 29, pin 30, pin 31, pin 32 and pin 20 corresponding are connected of lead with described single-chip microcomputer U2.
Described monitoring device also comprises decoupling capacitor and the special of ground wire is connected, described decoupling capacitor comprises capacitor C 22～C26, decoupling capacitor one end is connected to the power pin of chip ATmegal128L, DS1302, MAX485, MAX232 respectively during the monitoring device circuit board wiring, the other end is connected to ground wire, is used for guaranteeing the stability of each chip power power supply; Described special connection is that first working power with all chips that are connected with single-chip microcomputer on the monitoring device circuit board digitally is connected respectively with the power supply simulation ground that mould/number conversion is used, and by lead these two kinds of ground wires is linked to each other at last again;
The present invention is serially connected in a plurality of 1-wire temperature sensor DS18B20 on the cable, and cable is driven by monitoring device, and temperature sensor sends the temperature information of its position to monitoring device by cable.Monitoring device is that core is formed by single-chip microcomputer, can show in real time the temperature data that monitors, store, the user can carry out function setting to device by the control button on the monitoring device, such as design temperature overload alarm threshold values, data holding time interval etc.System forms network by the RS-485 bus with a plurality of monitoring devices in order to satisfy the needs of large tracts of land multi-point temperature measurement, and each monitoring device drives a cable for measuring temperature, forms temperature probe row.The temperature data of all monitoring devices arrives computing machine by RS-485 bus, RS-485/RS-232 protocol converter, RS-232 bus transfer, show on computers in real time, data storage is the database form, makes things convenient for the management of data and the generation of various forms.Each monitoring device is all powered by the power supply adaptor of an ac/dc.Fig. 1 has represented the common structure of system, and the user also can select the quantity of monitoring device according to the needs of actual thermometric, forms the different temp measuring system of scale.
Monitoring device of the present invention comprises: single-chip microprocessor MCU 21, power circuit 22, communicating circuit 23, real time clock circuit 24, warning circuit 25, liquid crystal circuit 26, key circuit 27, sensor drive driving circuit 28.Monitoring device as kernel control chip, is finished all steering logics and data processing by single-chip microprocessor MCU.Power circuit is divided into two parts, and the device that a part is responsible in the monitoring device is powered; Another part is responsible for the 1-wire temperature sensor power supply on the survey line cable.Solve on Micro Controller Unit (MCU) driving ability and the arrangement of conductors capacitance limits unibus by sensor drive driving circuit and to be connected the quantity of sensor and the problem of bus transfer distance, prolong the length of survey line cable, the quantity of increase institute belt sensor.Temperature sensor monitors to temperature data be transferred to single-chip microcomputer by unibus after, show in real time by LCD.Real time clock circuit provides temporal information for monitoring device, shows on LCD on the one hand; On the other hand for the temperature data of preserving provides time information corresponding, time and temperature data are stored among the EEPROM that single-chip microcomputer inside carries.In order to satisfy the needs of various thermometrics, monitoring device provides key circuit for the user, by being used with LCD, makes things convenient for the user to select various function menus to carry out parameter setting.Set as the user after the threshold values of temperature over-range warning, in case monitor temperature has surpassed design temperature, monitoring device will be reported to the police by warning circuit, prevents unexpected the generation.Communicating circuit comprises two kinds of communication buses, and RS-232 and RS-485 can satisfy the communication need of different-scale systems, make things convenient for the user to select.
Claims (7)
1, array type multipoint temperature monitoring system, it is characterized in that: comprise a plurality of monitoring devices and RS-485 communication bus, described a plurality of monitoring device is connected to respectively on the RS-485 communication bus, is connected with cable on described each monitoring device, is connected with a plurality of temperature sensors on the described cable; System also includes computing machine, and described computing machine is connected with the RS-485/RS-232 protocol converter by the RS-232 communication bus, and described monitoring device is connected with the RS-485/RS-232 protocol converter by the RS-485 communication bus;
Described monitoring device comprises that model is single-chip microcomputer, real time clock circuit, communicating circuit, temperature sensor driving circuit and the power circuit of ATmega128L; After being connected with resistance on the pin 1 of described single-chip microcomputer, be connected to power circuit by lead again, pin 2, pin 3 and pin 4 are connected to communicating circuit by lead respectively, the pin 7 of described single-chip microcomputer, pin 8 and pin 9 are connected to real time clock circuit by lead respectively, pin 10～the pin 17 of described single-chip microcomputer is connected to the temperature sensor driving circuit by lead respectively, the pin 20 of described single-chip microcomputer connects a reset circuit, described reset circuit comprises three leads of drawing on the pin 20 and draws lead institute interface unit, draw and be connected to power circuit again after being connected with resistance on the lead for described one, another root lead is connected to the anode of a diode, described diode cathode is connected to power circuit by lead, be connected with behind the electric capacity ground connection again on the 3rd lead, the pin 21 of described single-chip microcomputer is connected to power circuit by lead, pin 22 ground connection, be connected with a crystal oscillating circuit between the pin 23 of described single-chip microcomputer and the pin 24, described crystal oscillating circuit comprises two electric capacity of mutual series connection, after described two electric capacity are connected mutually again with a crystal oscillator formation in parallel parallel circuit, there is lead to draw and ground connection between described two series capacitances, the pin 27 and the pin 28 of described single-chip microcomputer are connected to communicating circuit by lead respectively, the pin 52 of described single-chip microcomputer is connected to power circuit by lead, pin 53 ground connection, the pin 54 of described single-chip microcomputer, pin 55, pin 56 and pin 57 are connected to the pin 9 of debugging interface in the JTAG sheet respectively by the lead correspondence, pin 3, pin 5 and pin 1, also have lead to draw on four leads in the described JTAG sheet between debugging interface and the described single-chip microcomputer, described four draw be connected to pull-up resistor respectively on the lead after, be connected to power circuit again, the pin 2 and pin 10 ground connection of debugging interface in the described JTAG sheet, pin 6 is connected to the pin 20 of single-chip microcomputer by lead, pin 4 is connected to power circuit by lead, be connected with ground connection behind the electric capacity on the pin 62 of described single-chip microcomputer, pin 63 ground connection, there are two leads to draw on the pin 64, one draw be connected with inductance on the lead after, be connected to power circuit again, another root is drawn and is connected with ground connection behind the electric capacity on the lead;
Described real time clock circuit comprises that model is the chip of DS1302, described single-chip microcomputer pin 7, lead on pin 8 and the pin 9 correspondence respectively is connected to described pin of chip 7, pin 6 and pin 5, also there is lead to draw on the lead between described chip and the single-chip microcomputer respectively, described three draw be connected with pull-up resistor respectively on the lead after, be connected to power circuit again, described pin of chip 1 is connected to power circuit by lead, pin 2, one crystal oscillating circuit is arranged between the pin 3, described crystal oscillating circuit comprises two electric capacity of mutual series connection, after described two electric capacity are connected mutually again with a crystal oscillator formation in parallel parallel circuit, have between described two series capacitances lead draw and ground connection on, pin 4 ground connection are connected to ground wire after being connected with a standby button cell on the described pin of chip 8 again;
Described communicating circuit comprises that model is that chip and the model of MAX485 is the chip of MAX232, for monitoring device provides the two-way serial communication interface, wherein optional RS-485 of the bus mode of one road communication port or RS-232, lead on the pin 4 of described chip single-chip microcomputer is connected on the pin 2 of described chip MAX485, and the pin 27 of single-chip microcomputer and the lead on the pin 28 are corresponding respectively to be connected on the pin 9 and pin 10 of chip MAX232; Also has lead on the pin 2 of described chip MAX485, described lead is connected on the pin 3 of chip MAX485, pin 5 ground connection of described chip MAX485, pin 8 is connected to power circuit, be connected with resistance between pin 6 and the pin 7, also have lead to draw on the pin 6 of described chip MAX485 and the pin 7 respectively, the described lead of drawing is connected to respectively on the pin 2 and pin 1 of connector of one four pin, connector pinout 3 ground connection of described four pin, pin 4 is connected to power circuit; Pin 1 and the pin 3 of described chip MAX232, be connected with electric capacity respectively between pin 4 and the pin 5, be connected to power circuit again after being connected with electric capacity on the pin 2, be connected with ground connection behind the electric capacity on the pin 6, described chip MAX232 pin 7 and pin 8 be corresponding respectively to be connected on the pin 2 and pin 3 of serial port connector of one nine pin, pin 5 ground connection of the serial port connector of described nine pin, the pin 13 of described chip MAX232 and pin 14 are connected on the pin 1 and pin 2 of connector of described four pin by the lead correspondence respectively, pin 15 ground connection of described chip MAX232, there are two leads to draw on the pin 16, a lead is connected to power circuit, is connected with ground connection behind the electric capacity on another root lead; Also comprise two tripod wire jumpers, lead on the pin 2 of described single-chip microcomputer connects on the pin 2 of first tripod wire jumper, the pin 1 of described first tripod wire jumper is connected with the pin 12 of described chip MAX232 by lead, pin 3 is connected with the pin 1 of described chip MAX485 by lead, lead on the pin 3 of described single-chip microcomputer connects on the pin 2 of second tripod wire jumper, the pin 1 of described second tripod wire jumper is connected with the pin 11 of described chip MAX232 by lead, and pin 3 is connected with the pin 4 of described chip MAX485 by lead; The pin 1 of described two tripod wire jumpers, when pin 2 passed through the jumper cap short circuit, No. 1 communication port of monitoring device was selected the RS-232 bus mode; The pin 2 of two tripod wire jumpers, when pin 3 passed through the jumper cap short circuit, No. 1 communication port of monitoring device was selected the RS-485 bus mode;
Described temperature sensor driving circuit comprises two the identical driving circuits and the connector of one five pin, described driving circuit comprises three triodes, the base stage of first triode is connected to described single-chip microcomputer by lead, also have lead to draw on the base stage of described first triode, described drawing is connected to power circuit after being connected with resistance on the lead again, the grounded emitter of described first triode, there are two leads to draw on the collector, be connected to power circuit again after being connected with resistance on the lead, after being connected with the adjustable resistance of two series connection on another root lead, be connected to the collector of second triode again, also have lead to draw on the lead between described two adjustable resistances of connecting mutually, draw lead for one and be connected to described single-chip microcomputer, another root is drawn the collector that lead is connected to the 3rd triode, after being connected with resistance on the base stage of described second triode, be connected to described single-chip microcomputer again, the emitter of described second triode is connected to power circuit by lead, after being connected with resistance on the base stage of described the 3rd triode, be connected to described single-chip microcomputer again, also have lead to draw on the collector of the 3rd triode, the described lead of drawing is connected to behind the diode ground connection again, there are two leads to draw on the emitter of described the 3rd triode, a lead is connected to power circuit, after being connected with diode on another root lead, be connected to again on the diode that connects on the 3rd transistor collector; In described first driving circuit, the collector of first triode, draw lead for one between described two adjustable resistances of connecting mutually, the base stage of second triode, the base stage of the 3rd triode respectively with the pin 10 of described single-chip microcomputer, pin 11, connect by lead is corresponding between pin 12 and the pin 13, in described second driving circuit, the collector of first triode, draw lead for one between described two adjustable resistances of connecting mutually, the base stage of second triode, the base stage of the 3rd triode respectively with the pin 14 of described single-chip microcomputer, pin 15, connect by lead is corresponding between pin 16 and the pin 17; The pin 5 of the connector of described five pin is connected to power circuit by lead, pin 1 and pin 3 ground connection, pin 2 and pin 4 are connected on the pin 11 and pin 15 of single-chip microcomputer by the lead correspondence respectively, and described temperature sensor is connected to by cable on the pin 2 or pin 4 of connector of described five pin;
Described power circuit comprises that two models are 7805 the chip and the connector of one two pin, be connected with two electric capacity parallel with one another by lead between described first pin of chip 1 and the pin 2, be connected with parallel circuit by lead between pin 2 and the pin 3, described parallel circuit comprises the resistance and the light emitting diode of mutual series connection, described resistance is with after light emitting diode is connected, again with the mutual formation parallel circuit in parallel of two electric capacity, also have lead to draw on described first pin of chip 1, describedly draw the pin 2 that lead is connected to the connector of described two pin, described first pin of chip 2 is also by lead ground connection, on described first pin of chip 3 the power supply output lead is arranged, described power supply output lead is connected to described single-chip microcomputer respectively, communicating circuit, real time clock circuit, liquid crystal display circuit, the position that connects power supply in the warning circuit; Described second pin of chip 1 is connected to the pin 2 of the connector of described two pin by lead, pin 1 ground connection of the connector of described two pin, be connected with two electric capacity parallel with one another by lead between described second pin of chip 2 and the pin 3, pin 2 is also by lead ground connection, temperature sensor driving circuit power supply output lead is arranged on described second pin of chip 3, and described temperature sensor driving circuit power supply output lead is connected to the collector of first triode in the described driving circuit respectively, the emitter of second triode, the emitter of the 3rd triode, the pin 5 of the connector of five pin.
2, array type multipoint temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described monitoring device also comprises warning circuit, described warning circuit comprises a triode, the emitter of described triode is connected with first chip in the power circuit, there are two leads to draw on the base stage of described triode, after a lead is connected with resistance, be connected with first chip in the power circuit again, another root lead is connected with the pin 6 that is connected to described single-chip microcomputer behind the resistance again, the collector of described triode is connected with terminals of loudspeaker by lead, another terminals ground connection of described loudspeaker.
3, array type multipoint temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described monitoring device also includes liquid crystal display circuit, describedly tuck in brilliant display circuit and comprise that model is the LCDs of JM12864-10, the pin 1 of described LCDs, pin 2, pin 18 and pin 20 be ground connection respectively, first chip of pin 3 and power circuit of described LCDs is connected, pin 4 is connected with first chip of power circuit after being connected with resistance again, pin 5～the pin 17 of described LCDs respectively with the pin 33 of described single-chip microcomputer, pin 34, pin 36, pin 35, pin 20,44 corresponding connections of pin 51～pin, the pin 19 of described LCDs is connected to the collector of triode by lead, be connected with the pin 5 that is connected to described single-chip microcomputer behind the resistance again on the base stage of described triode, the emitter of described triode is connected with first chip of described power circuit by lead.
4, array type multipoint temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described monitoring device also includes key circuit, described key circuit includes the connector of seven pin, pin 1 ground connection of the connector of described seven pin, be connected with button on pin 2～pin 7 respectively, described button other end ground connection, the pin 2～pin 7 of the connector of described seven pin are also respectively by pin 26, pin 29, pin 30, pin 31, pin 32 and pin 20 corresponding are connected of lead with described single-chip microcomputer.
5, array type multipoint temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described monitoring device also comprises decoupling capacitor and the special of ground wire is connected, described decoupling capacitor comprises capacitor C 22～C26, decoupling capacitor one end is connected to the power pin of chip ATmegal128L, DS1302, MAX485, MAX232 respectively during the monitoring device circuit board wiring, and the other end is connected to ground wire; Described special connection is that first working power with all chips that are connected with single-chip microcomputer on the monitoring device circuit board digitally is connected respectively with the power supply simulation ground that mould/number conversion is used, and by lead described two kinds of ground wires is linked to each other at last again;
6, array type multipoint temperature monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described temperature sensor is selected unibus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 for use.
7, array type multipoint temperature monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the cable between described monitoring device and the temperature sensor is selected 227IEC53 copper core insulation pvc sheath flexible cord for use.
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