CN101542176A - 流体工作机器 - Google Patents
流体工作机器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101542176A CN101542176A CN200680055784A CN200680055784A CN101542176A CN 101542176 A CN101542176 A CN 101542176A CN 200680055784 A CN200680055784 A CN 200680055784A CN 200680055784 A CN200680055784 A CN 200680055784A CN 101542176 A CN101542176 A CN 101542176A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
- F16K31/36—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor
- F16K31/40—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor with electrically-actuated member in the discharge of the motor
- F16K31/406—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor with electrically-actuated member in the discharge of the motor acting on a piston
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B7/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
- F04B7/0076—Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving the members being actuated by electro-magnetic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
- F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
- F16K31/36—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor
- F16K31/40—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor with electrically-actuated member in the discharge of the motor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K39/00—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces
- F16K39/02—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces for lift valves
- F16K39/024—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces for lift valves using an auxiliary valve on the main valve
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
- Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
在具有高压管线和工作室的流体工作机器中,布置一阀结构来控制从高压管线到工作室的流体流动。阀结构包括主阀和辅助阀,主阀具有布置成与阀座(16)密封接触的阀件(11),而辅助阀包括电磁可动的阀构件(10),用于通过使工作室与高压管线直接流体连通来均衡主阀两侧上的压力。电磁可动的阀构件可以包括滑阀构件(10)或提升阀构件(19)。
Description
背景技术
本发明涉及液压或气动马达或泵(“流体工作机器”)。
EP-B-0494236介绍了一种用于在流体工作机器中致动电磁提升阀的机构,该机构利用工作室的内容物的预压缩和预膨胀来产生机器的运转循环。机器的工作室是实时选择的,以使流体动力受控地转换成轴动力和反之,从而允许可控的双向能量流动。提升阀的本质是流体压力作用在座合区域上产生大的关闭力。EP-B-0494236的运转循环取决于来自已在旋转轴的能量,以使螺线管操作的提升阀能抵抗高压歧管中的压力而打开。这个要求将该技术的使用局限于机器已在阈值轴速之上运作的情况。对于要求从零转速开始的应用,就必须由不同的装置来开始运转循环。
US-A-5735582描述了一种电磁阀组件,该组件包括主阀和辅助阀,辅助阀用来抵抗高压打开主阀。为了使主阀打开,流体必须沿着主阀体与内孔之间的毛细管流动直至压力均衡。这就意味着致动阀组件需要200至300ms,这对应用于在流体作用机器中来说是太慢了。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种面座合阀,它***在流体工作机器的工作室与高压歧管之间,并能在后者加压且机器的输出轴静止时打开。
因此,本发明提供一种根据权利要求1的流体工作机器。在从属权利要求中列出了本发明的可选特征。
本发明的阀结构之所以能起作用是因为工作室是基本上被封包的体积,并且将泄漏流量限制于由于压缩和从工作室的流体泄漏而产生的体积变化之和。
在本发明的机器运作时,一旦高压管线与工作室之间的压力均衡,就可以利用适中量的力来将主阀件移动到打开位置以完成第二级运作。
也可以且有利的是,这种类型的机器中一体的主阀和辅助阀以与EP-B-0494236中相同的方式起作用。该阀在启动时以两级运作开始,在低速运作期间继续采用这样的运作,并在速度增加时利用预压缩循环自动变成单级操作。
附图说明
现将参照附图仅以示例的方式更详细地描述本发明,附图中:
图1是本发明的总体原理的示意图;
图2是根据本发明实施例的阀结构处于关闭位置的示意性剖视图;
图3示出处于第一级运作的图2的阀结构;
图4示出处于第二级运作的图2的阀结构;以及
图5是根据本发明可替代实施例的阀结构的示意性剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出根据本发明的流体工作机器是在运转循环中如何运作的。螺线管操作的常开面座合低压管线阀1插设在管线7与体积循环变化的工作室2之间。螺线管操作的常闭面座合高压管线阀4插设在工作室与高压管线6之间,并与小得多的均衡阀5并联连接。低压管线阀1的提动阀芯面向工作室2,而高压管线阀4的提动阀芯面向高压歧管。
以下是对利用两级高压阀运作的完整运转循环的描述。
在运转循环开始时,低压管线阀1处于打开位置,而高压管线阀4和压力均衡阀5处于关闭位置。高压管线6中的压力高于低压管线7中的压力。工作室2中的压力等于低压管线7中的压力。
运转循环以低压管线阀1关闭且活塞可能从闲置位置朝向下死点移动开始,接着,指令压力均衡阀5打开。当阀1、5处于这些位置时,高压管线6和工作室2中的压力将会均衡。一旦压力均衡了,就可指令高压管线阀4打开。此时工作室2就连接至高压管线6并与低压管线7断开,从而高压流体可作用在活塞3上并通过下行冲程在机器的曲柄轴上产生转矩。高压管线阀4一打开就可关闭压力均衡阀5,或者也可让其在运转冲程的持续时间中仍是打开的。阀4和阀5两者必须在活塞3到达下死点之前关闭。当活塞3到达其极限状态时工作空间的剩余膨胀将使其减压并使低压管线阀1可以打开。当该阀处于打开位置且阀4和5处于关闭位置时,就可以在活塞3移向其上死点位置时将流体排入低压管线7。
图2示出压力均衡阀呈一体形成在螺线管操作的主提升阀中的滑阀形式。流体室8连接至高压管线。通道9连接至工作室。铁磁移动极环10可沿着提动阀芯11的基部滑动。极压缩弹簧12将移动极10压向提动阀芯11的头部。提动阀芯10具有流道13,该流道13将流体室8和工作室通道9连接。当移动极10靠近提动阀芯11的头部时,移动极10盖住流道的入口,而当移动极10移动远离提动阀芯的头部时,移动极10打开流道13,如图3所示。提动阀芯11可沿着引导结构14滑动。利用提动阀芯压缩弹簧15来将提动阀芯压向其阀座16。在弹簧15上的预加载小于极压缩弹簧12上的预加载。螺管线圈17布置成产生磁通,以将移动极10吸向固定极18。
当线圈17通电时,极环10轴向移位。该极环直接作用在极弹簧12上,并且,如果在高压室8与通道9之间存在明显的压力梯度而使提动阀芯11保持抵靠阀座16,则极环就会在提动阀芯杆上滑动并露出孔13,如图3所示。这连接两空间并均衡横跨阀结构的压力。一旦压力均衡了,只要横跨位移的整个范围提动阀芯弹簧15的力都小于极弹簧12的力,则极弹簧12施加在提动阀芯杆上的轴向力就会将提动阀芯拉离阀座16并打开主流体通路,如图4所示。
在工作室的高循环速率期间,没有足够的时间来发生该两级运作。在这种情况下,就在工作室达到其最小体积状态之前使低压常开阀1的螺管线圈通电,以使工作室中的压力在该封闭体积中升高并等于高压歧管的压力,并且当常闭阀的线圈通电时,移动极环10与提动阀芯11一起移动并以单级运作方式打开阀。
图5示出可替代的压力均衡阀5,该压力均衡阀呈一体形成在螺线管操作的主提升阀11’中的辅助提升阀型的阀19的形式。
其基本运作与上述的相同。主要的区别在于使用辅助压力均衡提升阀19而不是滑动移动极10来打开流道13′。
同样,在运转循环开始时流体室8中比通道9中高的压力阻止提动阀芯11’移向固定极18。当移动极10’滑离提动阀芯11’的头部时,移动极10’开始压缩极弹簧12’和提动阀芯弹簧15,将辅助提升阀19从其阀座20移开并打开流道13’。当压力均衡时,主提动阀芯11’可在比提动阀芯弹簧15的力大的极弹簧12’的力的作用下打开。如前所述,当马达具有足够的动量时,主阀和辅助阀一起“自动”移动。
在本说明书中所用的动词“由……组成”的所有形式应被理解为动词“包含”和/或“包括”的那些形式。
Claims (7)
1.一种流体工作机器,该流体工作机器具有高压管线和工作室,以及设置在所述高压管线与所述工作室之间用于控制从所述高压管线到所述工作室的流体流动的阀结构,所述阀结构包括主阀和辅助阀,所述主阀具有布置成与阀座密封接触的阀件,所述辅助阀包括电磁可动的阀构件,用于通过使所述工作室与所述高压管线直接流体连通来均衡所述主阀两侧上的压力。
2.如权利要求1所述的流体工作机器,其特征在于,所述主阀和所述辅助阀是一体形成的,所述阀件具有与所述阀座限定的开口连通的内部管道,并且所述电磁可动的阀构件适于使所述内部管道与围绕所述阀件的所述空间直接流体连通。
3.如权利要求2所述的流体工作机器,其特征在于,所述电磁可动的构件包括滑阀构件。
4.如权利要求2所述的流体工作机器,其特征在于,所述电磁可动的构件包括至少部分位于所述内部管道内的提升阀构件。
5.如权利要求2、3或4所述的流体工作机器,其特征在于,设置主偏压装置以将所述阀件偏压向所述阀座,并设置辅助偏压装置用以将所述辅助阀构件偏压至所述内部管道与所述围绕的空间隔开的位置。
6.如权利要求5所述的流体工作机器,其特征在于,所述主和/或辅助偏压装置包括螺旋弹簧。
7.如权利要求5或6所述的流体工作机器,其特征在于,所述辅助偏压装置施加大于所述主偏压装置的力。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/GB2006/003321 WO2008029073A1 (en) | 2006-09-08 | 2006-09-08 | Fluid-working machine |
Publications (2)
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CN101542176A true CN101542176A (zh) | 2009-09-23 |
CN101542176B CN101542176B (zh) | 2012-09-26 |
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CN2006800557841A Active CN101542176B (zh) | 2006-09-08 | 2006-09-08 | 流体工作机器 |
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US (1) | US8757583B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2064474B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4994455B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101236593B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101542176B (zh) |
DK (1) | DK2064474T3 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2008029073A1 (zh) |
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EP3514378B1 (en) | 2018-01-19 | 2022-03-16 | Artemis Intelligent Power Limited | Displacement of an object with hydraulic actuators |
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2006
- 2006-09-08 DK DK06779339.8T patent/DK2064474T3/da active
- 2006-09-08 WO PCT/GB2006/003321 patent/WO2008029073A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-09-08 EP EP06779339.8A patent/EP2064474B1/en active Active
- 2006-09-08 CN CN2006800557841A patent/CN101542176B/zh active Active
- 2006-09-08 KR KR1020097007132A patent/KR101236593B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2006-09-08 US US12/440,371 patent/US8757583B2/en active Active
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102985687A (zh) * | 2010-11-30 | 2013-03-20 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | 诸如带有液压传动装置的风力涡轮机的可再生能量提取装置 |
CN108869267A (zh) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-11-23 | 燕山大学 | 磁致变刚度弹簧往复泵自动锥阀 |
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EP2064474A1 (en) | 2009-06-03 |
WO2008029073A1 (en) | 2008-03-13 |
JP2010502886A (ja) | 2010-01-28 |
CN101542176B (zh) | 2012-09-26 |
JP4994455B2 (ja) | 2012-08-08 |
KR20090065526A (ko) | 2009-06-22 |
US8757583B2 (en) | 2014-06-24 |
DK2064474T3 (da) | 2014-03-31 |
KR101236593B1 (ko) | 2013-02-22 |
US20100084587A1 (en) | 2010-04-08 |
EP2064474B1 (en) | 2014-01-01 |
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