CN101518848A - Method for preparing magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate - Google Patents
Method for preparing magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN101518848A CN101518848A CN200910019980A CN200910019980A CN101518848A CN 101518848 A CN101518848 A CN 101518848A CN 200910019980 A CN200910019980 A CN 200910019980A CN 200910019980 A CN200910019980 A CN 200910019980A CN 101518848 A CN101518848 A CN 101518848A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate. The method comprises the following steps: the removing of oxidization films on the surfaces of a magnesium plate material and an aluminum plate material, the stacking of the magnesium plate material and the aluminum plate material together, the continuous firm welding of four sides by a pulsed tungsten argon arc welding method, the placement of a magnesium and aluminum superposition piece in a tank-type electric furnace after four-side welding, the pressing of the superposition piece, the heating of the magnesium and aluminum superposition piece at a temperature of between 460 and 520 DEG C, the implementation of diffusive connection and other steps. The method does not need to adopt vacuum heating equipment with high price, has low connection temperature, can obtain the magnesium-aluminum diffusive welding clad plate of a crack-free brittleness-free compound in a common tank-type electric heating furnace; and the shearing strength of a connecting interface is between 22 and 30 MPa (reaching 50 percent of the shearing strength of a mother aluminum material) and can meet the using requirement of the magnesium and aluminum dissimilar clad plate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of dissimilar metal clad plate, relate in particular to and a kind ofly prepare the method for magnesium and aluminium dissimilar non-ferrous metal composite plate, belong to the welding technology field of metal with antivacuum diffusion connected mode.
Background technology
The continuous research and development of structural material are the mainstays that improves the Welding Structure technical merit.Wherein novel colored metal material is a most important class material, and content is very high in the earth's crust aluminium, magnesium are non-ferrous metal.Especially magnesium has low-density, high specific strength, high specific stiffness and advantage such as can be recycled, and becomes the focus that people pay close attention in recent years, is described as " the environmental protection engineering material that 21 century is novel ".
The application in auto parts and components, electronic product and aerospace field of magnesium and magnesium alloy constantly enlarges, and the ratio that replaces aluminium and aluminum alloy spare part enlarges year by year.At some special occasions, also require magnesium and aluminium are welded into composite component, to give full play to magnesium and aluminium performance advantage separately, this can improve the performance requirement of industrial equipment to light structures spare greatly.But because magnesium and aluminium surface very easily form oxide-film, the two physical and chemical performance differs greatly, so the thermal stress that the joint produces during welding easily causes weld crack, weldability is poor.In addition, when magnesium and aluminium welding, connector area also forms the magnalium compound of fragility easily, reduces the obdurability of joint, influences the serviceability of weldment.
Mainly adopt argon tungsten-arc welding, electron beam welding and friction stir welding about the welding of magnesium and aluminium xenovitalism metal both at home and abroad.For example, Li Yajiang etc. proposes the pulsed argon arc welding method (national inventing patent ZL20510042591-X) between a kind of magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal.People such as A.C.Somasekharan adopt the agitating friction welding technology that magnesium is connected with 6061 aluminium alloys, because friction stir welding is that friction generates heat for the dependence stirring-head, Elements Diffusion and crystal grain are reconfigured realize combining between magnesium and 6061 aluminium alloys, therefore to the strictness of workpiece positioning requirements, only be suitable for straight joint, be difficult to realize the connection of complicated joint.A.Ben-Artzy etc. adopt different welding wires as filling metal, with argon tungsten-arc welding and electron beam welding technology fine aluminium and cast magnesium alloy are welded, the eutectic structure of magnesium and aluminium appears in discovery near the joint fusion area, and near the fusion area of magnesium alloy one side, form continuous fragility phase easily, reduce the obdurability of joint.
Therefore, solve to make the welding difficult problem of magnesium and aluminum composite plate, realization magnesium is connected with reliable diffusion between aluminum dissimilar metal, prepares the composite plate structure spare of magnesium and aluminium, can promote the extensive use at Aero-Space, electronics and automotive field of magnesium and alloy thereof greatly.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency at existing magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal interconnection technique the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of method for preparing magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate.This method need not adopt expensive vacuum heating apparatus, it is low to connect temperature, in common box electric furnace, connect together by the diffusion of magnesium with the aluminium surface, can obtain the magnesium-aluminium diffusion welding (DW) composite plate of flawless, no frangible compounds, the shear strength of linkage interface is 22MPa-30MPa (reaches aluminum mother plate shear strength 50%), can satisfy the instructions for use of magnesium-aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate.
The method for preparing magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate of the present invention, step is as follows:
(1) magnesium and the aluminium plate of shape and size such as selects for use, adopt mechanical treatment and chemical treatment mode to remove its surperficial oxide-film, clean, dry up stand-by;
(2) above-mentioned stand-by magnesium and aluminium plate are stacked together, four limits are firm with the continuous welding of pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) method, the technological parameter of pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) is: background current 70A-100A, pulse current 110A-130A, pulse duration 6s-9s, weldingvoltage 24V-26V, speed of welding 1.4mm/s-1.8mm/s, argon flow amount 12L/min-18L/min;
(3) will around magnesium and the superimposed plate of aluminium after the welding place cabinet-type electric furnace, use, lower platen or bloom compress superimposed plate, pressure is made as 0.05MPa-0.10MPa;
(4) utilize cabinet-type electric furnace, heating magnesium is implemented to spread with the superimposed plate of aluminium and is connected under 460 ℃ of-520 ℃ of temperature, and insulation 10min-30min;
(5) after the diffusion connection is finished, close the cabinet-type electric furnace power supply, when treating that fire box temperature naturally cools to below 100 ℃, the blow-on door takes out weldment, promptly gets magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate.
In the above-mentioned method for preparing magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate:
The described mechanical treatment of step (1) is earlier with grinding machine processing, makes magnesium parallel with the upper and lower surface of aluminium sample, surface smoothness 〉=6 grade; Or/and, make its surface roughness reach Ra1.6 μ m-6.4 μ m with the fine sandpaper polishing; Be that 55%-60% alcoholic solution cleans, clear water washes, oven dry with percent by volume again.
The described chemical treatment of step (1) is that magnesium and aluminium sheet are soaked 5min-8min earlier in percent by volume is 10%-15% dilute hydrofluoric acid solution, and washing then, acetone clean, dry up at last.
The welding condition of the described pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) of step (2) is preferred: background current 80A-90A, pulse current 110A-120A, pulse duration 6s-8s, weldingvoltage 24V-25V, speed of welding 1.4mm/s-1.6mm/s, argon flow amount 14L/min-16L/min.
Preferred 480 ℃-500 ℃ of the described heating-up temperature of step (4); Programming rate is 10 ℃/min-15 ℃/min.
Use the inventive method in the heating process of cabinet-type electric furnace, make magnesium, the superimposed interface of aluminium be in local flow state, superimposed counterdiffusion mutually takes place at the interface, form complete diffusion combination at subsequently holding stage magnesium and aluminium.Because the diffusion connection procedure continues the regular hour, can eliminate the red brittleness of magnesium and aluminium combination interface, and the influence to heating-up temperature, pressure is not very sensitive yet on the technology, so magnesium and aluminium interfacial diffusion quality are good.
Characteristics of the present invention are to adopt common cabinet-type electric furnace heating in antivacuum, make magnesium and aluminium contact surface generation plastic deformation, realize the phase counterdiffusion combination between the atom, form magnesium and aluminum composite plate.The method of this manufacturing magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate not only can be enhanced productivity, and reduces cost, and can also guarantee to avoid other Elements Diffusion in magnesium and aluminum mother plate, generates the frangible compounds of other types, influences the performance of diffuse interface.
Adopt method of the present invention can under non-vacuum condition, obtain not occur the diffusion welding (DW) joint of Mg-Al frangible compounds, combination interface zone flawless produces, the diffuse interface shear strength reaches 22-30MPa (reach aluminum mother plate shear strength 50%), satisfies the instructions for use of magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate.This technology is easy and simple to handle, cost is low, applicability is strong, easy to utilize.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The magnesium disk of diameter 50mm, thickness 3mm and diameter 50mm, thickness 6mm aluminium sheet circle are superimposed together, and make magnesium and aluminum composite plate, and concrete steps are as follows:
Adopt grinding machine to be machined to 6 grades of fineness on the surface of magnesium disk and aluminium sheet circle earlier,, make its surface roughness reach Ra3.0 μ m, clean, remove the oxide-film on surface, wash with clear water again with percent by volume 58% alcoholic solution with the polishing of M280 abrasive paper for metallograph.Again magnesium disk and aluminium sheet circle are soaked 5min, washing, acetone cleaning, dry up at last in the dilute hydrofluoric acid solution of percent by volume 10%.
Magnesium disk and aluminium sheet circle are superimposed together, and four limits are firm with the continuous welding of pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) method; The welding condition of pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) is: background current 85A, pulse current 115A, pulse duration 6s, weldingvoltage 24V, speed of welding 1.5mm/s, argon flow amount 15L/min.
With around magnesium and aluminium composite part after the welding place cabinet-type electric furnace, use, lower platen compresses (pressure 0.06MPa), be warming up to 480 ℃, temperature retention time 20min with the programming rate of 15 ℃/min.Powered-down after insulation is finished, workpiece cools to the furnace below 100 ℃, opens fire door and takes out weldment, obtains magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate.The interface shear strength of magnesium and aluminum composite plate is 22MPa after testing.
Embodiment 2:
The magnesium plate and the aluminium sheet that length and width are 100mm, thickness 10mm are superimposed together, and make the method for magnesium and aluminum composite plate, and concrete steps are as follows:
Adopt grinding machine to be machined to 6 grades of fineness on the surface of magnesium plate and aluminium sheet earlier, with the polishing of M280 abrasive paper for metallograph, make its surface roughness reach Ra 3.0 μ m, clean with percent by volume 60% alcoholic solution, remove the oxide-film of magnesium plate and surface of aluminum plate, wash with clear water again.Again magnesium plate and aluminium sheet are soaked 6min, washing, acetone cleaning, dry up at last in the dilute hydrofluoric acid solution of percent by volume 10%.
Magnesium plate and aluminium sheet are superimposed together, and four limits are firm with the continuous welding of pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) method; The welding condition of pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) is: background current 95A, pulse current 125A, pulse duration 7s, weldingvoltage 25V, speed of welding 1.6mm/s, argon flow amount 16L/min.
With around magnesium and aluminium composite part after the welding place cabinet-type electric furnace, use, lower platen compresses (pressure 0.08MPa), be warming up to 510 ℃, temperature retention time 25min with the programming rate of 10 ℃/min.Powered-down after insulation is finished, workpiece cools to the furnace below 100 ℃, opens fire door and takes out weldment, obtains magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate.The interface shear strength of magnesium and aluminum composite plate is 24MPa after testing.
Claims (5)
1. method for preparing magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate, step is:
(1) magnesium and the aluminium plate of shape and size such as selects for use, adopt mechanical treatment and chemical treatment mode to remove its surperficial oxide-film, clean, dry up stand-by;
(2) above-mentioned stand-by magnesium and aluminium plate are stacked together, four limits are firm with the continuous welding of pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) method, the welding condition of pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) is: background current 70A-100A, pulse current 110A-130A, pulse duration 6s-9s, weldingvoltage 24V-26V, speed of welding 1.4mm/s-1.8mm/s, argon flow amount 12L/min-18L/min;
(3) will around magnesium and the superimposed plate of aluminium after the welding place cabinet-type electric furnace, use, lower platen or bloom compress superimposed plate, pressure is made as 0.05MPa-0.10MPa;
(4) utilize cabinet-type electric furnace, heating magnesium is implemented to spread with the superimposed plate of aluminium and is connected under 460 ℃ of-520 ℃ of temperature, and insulation 10min-30min;
(5) after the diffusion connection is finished, close the cabinet-type electric furnace power supply, when treating that fire box temperature naturally cools to below 100 ℃, the blow-on door takes out weldment, promptly gets magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate.
2. prepare the method for magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described mechanical treatment of step (1) is earlier with grinding machine processing, makes magnesium parallel with the upper and lower surface of aluminium sample, surface smoothness 〉=6 grade; Or/and, make its surface roughness reach Ra 1.6 μ m-6.4 μ m with the fine sandpaper polishing; Be that 55%-60% alcoholic solution cleans, clear water washes, oven dry with percent by volume again.
3. the method for preparing magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described chemical treatment of step (1) is that magnesium and aluminium sheet are soaked 5min-8min earlier in percent by volume is 10%-15% dilute hydrofluoric acid solution, and washing then, acetone clean, dry up at last.
4. the method for preparing magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the welding condition of the described pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) of step (2) is: background current 80A-90A, pulse current 110A-120A, pulse duration 6s-8s, weldingvoltage 24V-25V, speed of welding 1.4mm/s-1.6mm/s, argon flow amount 14L/min-16L/min.
5. prepare the method for magnesium and aluminum dissimilar metal clad plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described heating-up temperature of step (4) is 480 ℃-500 ℃; Programming rate is 10 ℃/min-15 ℃/min.
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| CN101920393A (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2010-12-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Low-temperature diffusion welding method for magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy |
| WO2012034336A1 (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-03-22 | 大连重矿设备制造有限公司 | Method for producing metal composite material by cold deformation recrystallization process |
| CN102389976A (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-03-28 | 苏州大学 | Preparation method of foamed aluminum and alloy sandwich plate |
| CN102569718A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2012-07-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | Adhesion method for large-area bimetallic strip |
| CN103264219A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-08-28 | 成都国光电气股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of composite metal material |
| CN103769414A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-07 | 张央英 | Novel composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110328443A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-10-15 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of pulse current auxiliary aluminium alloy large area diffusion connecting mechanism and method |
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| CN1326655C (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2007-07-18 | 山东大学 | Fusion welding method for magnesium and aluminium dissimilar metals |
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- 2009-03-25 CN CN2009100199809A patent/CN101518848B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| WO2012034336A1 (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-03-22 | 大连重矿设备制造有限公司 | Method for producing metal composite material by cold deformation recrystallization process |
| CN101920393A (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2010-12-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Low-temperature diffusion welding method for magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy |
| CN102569718A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2012-07-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | Adhesion method for large-area bimetallic strip |
| CN102389976A (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-03-28 | 苏州大学 | Preparation method of foamed aluminum and alloy sandwich plate |
| CN103264219A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-08-28 | 成都国光电气股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of composite metal material |
| CN103264219B (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2015-09-30 | 成都国光电气股份有限公司 | The preparation method of a kind of tungsten, oxygen-free copper composite material |
| CN103769414A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-07 | 张央英 | Novel composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103769414B (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2016-05-11 | 张央英 | A kind of composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN110328443A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-10-15 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of pulse current auxiliary aluminium alloy large area diffusion connecting mechanism and method |
| CN111220437A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-02 | 西安交通大学 | Manufacturing method of welding hydrogen hole defect test plate |
| CN116690127A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-09-05 | 陕西长羽航空装备股份有限公司 | Welding forming method of transition joint made of bimetal composite material |
| CN116690127B (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-11-03 | 陕西长羽航空装备股份有限公司 | Welding forming method of transition joint made of bimetal composite material |
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