CN101512122B - 排出空气冷却器在涡轮增压器中的整合 - Google Patents
排出空气冷却器在涡轮增压器中的整合 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种压缩机-冷却器模块,该压缩机-冷却器模块具有一个壳体,一个包含于该壳体内的压缩机,以及一个置于该壳体内并且定位在压缩机的流动路径上的空气冷却器。本发明还包括与所述壳体流体连通的一个进气口,与该空气冷却器和压缩机可运行地相关联的一个冷却器旁路阀,以及与该冷却器旁路阀可运行地相关联的一个低压排气再循环通道,并且该冷却器旁路阀选择性的引导排气绕过该空气冷却器。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2006年9月13日提交的美国临时申请号60/844,248的权益。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发动机组件,该发动机组件具有整合到涡轮增压器中的排出空气冷却器。
背景技术
在欧洲、美国以及大多数国外市场中,对当前和未来柴油发动机的排放需要将要求能够实现低氮氧化物(NOx)和小微粒状物质(PM)排放的发动机概念,而这类概念同时具有部件和功能的高度整合连同降低的成本。需要减少排放的***(如低压排气再循环(EGR))同时进气口空气的冷却变得越来越重要,以便减少不希望的排放。不同的进气口气体冷却器(如增压空气冷却器或低压EGR冷却器)到包括涡轮增压器的压缩机的一个铸件中的整合能够提供改进的压缩机效率、降低的整体成本以及较小的包装。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种压缩机-冷却器模块,该模块具有:一个壳体,一个包含于该壳体内的压缩机、以及一个置于该壳体中并且定位在该压缩机的流动路径中的空气冷却器。本发明还包括:一个与该壳体流体连通的进气口,一个与该空气冷却器和压缩机可运行地相关联的冷却器旁路阀,以及一个与该冷却器旁路阀可运行地相关联的低压排气再循环通道。该冷却器旁路阀选择性地引导排气绕过该空气冷却器。
从以下提供的详细说明中,本发明的进一步的应用领域将变得清楚。应该理解,详细的说明和多个特定的实例在表明本发明的优选的实施方案的同时是旨在仅仅用于说明的目的而并非旨在限制本发明的范围。
附图说明
从详细的说明和以下附图中将更全面地理解本发明,在附图中:
图1是现有技术涡轮增压器单元的一个截面侧视图;
图2是根据本发明被整合到涡轮增压器中的一个排出空气冷却器的示意图;
图3是根据本发明被整合到涡轮增压器中的排出空气冷却器的一个替代实施方案的示意图;
图4是根据本发明将一个分离器单元结合在压缩机的上游的一个替代实施方案的示意图;
图5是根据本发明将一个分离器单元结合在压缩机的下游的一个替代实施方案的示意图;
图6是根据本发明一个分离器单元的分解视图;并且
图7是根据本发明带具有一个***的压缩机的截面侧视图。
具体实施方式
这个或这些优选实施方案的以下说明本质上仅仅是示例性的而并非旨在限制本发明、其应用或使用。
图2是根据本发明的一个***10的示意图。该***具有一个高压EGR回路12和一个低压EGR回路14。该低压EGR回路14在一个涡轮16的下游,该涡轮是具有压缩机20的涡轮增压器单元18的一部分。该低压EGR回路14在该压缩机20的上游。通过利用一个轴22使该涡轮16与压缩机20连接。该高压EGR回路12位于该压缩机20的下游,并且位于该涡轮16的上游。
排气是由一台发动机24产生,并且经过一个排气歧管26排出。一个排气导管28被连接到该排气歧管26,该排气导管用于将排气传送给高压EGR回路12或者涡轮机16。如果排气穿过涡轮机16,这些排气将流入一个排气管30,其中排气然后将流过该低压EGR回路14或者流到该排气管30之外进入大气。
如果通过高压EGR回路12使排气再循环,则排气将穿过EGR阀门32、EGR冷却器34,并且然后被引入通向进气歧管38的一个进气管36。为了产生足够的EGR流通量,可以相应地调节EGR阀门32。如果该阀门32被完全打开从而要求更多流通量,进气管36还包括一个进气节流阀40,可以调节该进气节流阀以用来在该阀门32的下游产生更多的流量,由此增加高压EGR回路12进入进气管36的流量。
如果来自发动机24的排气在低压EGR回路14中进行再循环,则排气穿过可变涡轮机16而进入该排气管30。柴油微粒过滤器(DPF)42被置于该排气管30中,其中排气被清除碳烟和一氧化碳以及碳氢化合物。在经过DPF 42之后,低压EGR回路14中的一个EGR阀门44被打开以便允许排气流过该低压EGR回路14进入一个压缩机-冷却器模块(总体上示为46)。
该压缩机-冷却器模块46包含该压缩机20以及被整合到单一壳体50中的冷却器48。如图2所示,冷却器48可定位于压缩机20的上游,或在如图3所示的一个替代实施方案中,冷却器48可以定位于压缩机20的下游。还有可能具有两个冷却器48,一个在该压缩机20的上游并且一个在该压缩机的下游。在冷却器48被定位于该压缩机20的上游的应用中,一个EGR冷却器旁路阀52被用来使进入的排气绕过该冷却器48,这样排气选择性地流过一个旁路导管54并且被直接引入到该压缩机20中,而不是流过该冷却器48。新鲜空气被引入一个进气口或进气导道56、与来自该低压EGR回路14的排气混合(如果存在的话),并由压缩机20压缩、由一个次级增压空气冷却器58冷却,并且流过节流阀40。然后该气体混合物在流入进气歧管38之前与流经该高压EGR回路12的EGR混合。其他发动机布置可以包括仅一个EGR回路或多个涡轮增压器。如图3所示,该次级增压空气冷却器58位于所述压缩机20和冷却器48的下游,这样允许该增压空气冷却器58进一步降低压缩空气的温度。
低压EGR冷却器48典型地位于低压EGR回路14的路径上。低压EGR阀门44是一个单独的阀门,它被螺栓固定在该低压EGR路径14或该冷却器48中。该低压EGR阀门44可以在定位于该冷却器48之前(即,起一个“热侧阀”的作用)或者定位于该冷却器之后(即,起一个“冷侧阀”的作用)。该EGR阀门44可以是一个提升阀类型、挡板类型的阀门或者其他类似的阀门类型。如果该冷却器48位于所述压缩机20的下游,则该排气和空气混合物将流入增压空气冷却器58中。
如图2和图3所示,一个排气节流阀60位于该排气管30内、在该低压EGR回路14的下游的某个位置,以便控制该涡轮机16的下游排气的流量和压力。还可将该低压EGR阀门44和该排气节流阀60整合到一个组合的模块(利用一个或两个致动器)中。这个模块可以位于该低压EGR回路14的接合处的排气侧上或者进气侧上。
图3还描述了本发明的一个替代实施方案,其中高压EGR回路12穿过模块46。EGR阀门32包含于该模块46中并控制从发动机24进入该模块46的排气的流量。在这个实施方案中,微粒过滤器42位于可变涡轮机16的上游,从而在排气经过低压或者高压EGR回路12,14进入模块46之前将排气过滤。除了该EGR阀门32位于模块46中以外,还存在一个增压空气冷却器旁路阀62,该增压空气冷却器旁路阀可以引导流经环绕压缩机-冷却器模块46的部件的EGR阀门32的排气流量。
图4至图7示出本发明的其他的实施方案,其中相同的数字表示相同的元件。在图4、图6和图7中,一个总体上示为64的分离器单元被整合到压缩机-冷却器模块46中。该分离器单元64包括被连接至进气道56和低压EGR回路14的一个盖件66。该盖件66通过利用具有一个开口70的圆形凸缘68连接到进气道56上,并且通过利用一个方形的凸缘72连接到低压EGR回路14上,该方形凸缘以相对于该圆形凸缘68垂直的方式从该盖件66延伸。该盖件66的空心的,并接受一个混合器74。混合器74是一个总体上圆柱形的构件,该构件包括一连串的开口76;该混合器被一个分离器78环绕。该分离器78由金属丝网制成,该金属丝网收集并且保留来自流经该低压EGR回路14的排气中的杂物。混合器74可以形成为壳体50的一部分或者混合器74可以形成为一个分离的部件。如在此说明的混合器74和分离器78减小了气体流动的速度,这还将减小进入压缩机20的气流的压降,由此提高了压缩机20的效率。
当混合器74被置于该盖件66中时,混合器74将抵靠形成为盖件66的一部分的肩台80。这将确保任何流入盖件66的气体将被迫流过分离器78,接着流经混合器74的这些开口76。在排气穿过这些开口76之后,排气将与流入开口70的新鲜空气混合。新鲜空气与排气的混合物然后将流入压缩机20或者冷却器48,这取决于旁路阀52是否开放或者关闭。
该分离器单元64还包括具有多个叶片84的一个旋流器82。当空气进入分离器单元64时,这些叶片84将起作用以便在空气的流动中产生湍流,这允许空气流经混合器74时与排气更有效地混合。
图4说明的分离器单元64被结合以便与该低压EGR回路14一起使用。然而,图4示出被结合为与EGR回路12一起使用的分离器单元64。在这个实施方案中,已经被压缩机20压缩的新鲜空气流过进气管36并流入开口70。被压缩的新鲜空气然后与来自高压EGR回路12、流入分离器单元64的排气相混合,并流入进气歧管38。该高压EGR回路12被连接到方形凸缘72上,并且将排气送入盖件66。
图4、图5和图7示出了本发明的另一个实施方案。在这个实施方案中,一个总体上示为86的***被整合为压缩机-冷却器模块46的一部分。该***86被形成为该壳体50的一部分。这与示出一个不带有***86的涡轮增压器单元的图1相反。图7示出了根据这个实施方案的压缩机20的一个截面视图。该压缩机20包括一个安装于轴22上的压缩机叶轮88。一个蜗壳90环绕该压缩机叶轮88。在运行中,当压缩机叶轮88旋转时,多个鳍片92使流入该压缩机20中的空气压缩,并且迫使空气进入蜗壳90中,其中被压缩的空气然后被迫进入进气道36。***86包括形成于壳体50中的系列的室94。这些室94在截面上是圆形的并且环绕蜗壳90。这些室94是空心的、并且具有不同的直径以用来降低由压缩机20产生的噪声。这些不同直径的室94将各自具有不同的自然频率、并由此在压缩机叶轮88以不同的速度旋转时抵消由压缩机20产生的不同频率。
在另一个实施方案中,这些室94都具有相同的直径,并且包含一种填充物(未示出)。该填充物是基于橡胶或有机硅的填充物,它可以吸收振动。同样可以采用其他的截面形状,例如方形、长方形、三角形、梯形或可以减小压缩机20中的噪声的其他的形状。
本发明的说明本质上仅仅是示例性的,并且因此旨在将未背离本发明的要旨的多个变体包括在本发明的范围之内。这类变体不被认为是背离开本发明的精神和范围。
Claims (31)
1.一种压缩机-冷却器模块,包括:
一个壳体;
一个包含于所述壳体中的压缩机;
一个空气冷却器,该空气冷却器置于所述壳体中并且定位于所述压缩机的流动路径上;
一个进气口,该进气口与所述壳体流体连通;
一个冷却器旁路阀,该冷却器旁路阀位于所述空气冷却器以及所述压缩机的上游,以及
一个低压排气再循环通道,该低压排气再循环通道与所述冷却器旁路阀流体连通,并且所述冷却器旁路阀选择性的引导排气绕过所述空气冷却器。
2.如权利要求1所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,进一步包括一个分离器单元,该分离器单元形成所述壳体的一部分,并位于所述压缩机的上游或下游,所述分离器单元用于收集并且保留来自所述排气中的杂物。
3.如权利要求2所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,所述分离器单元进一步包括:
一个盖件,该盖件与所述压缩机以及所述空气冷却器处于流体连通;
一个混合器,该混合器被置于所述分离器单元的盖件之内;以及
一个分离器,该分离器围绕所述混合器放置,以使进入所述盖件的排气在进入该混合器前通过所述分离器致使该排气中的任何微粒被除去,并且在排气通过所述分离器后并流入所述混合器。
4.如权利要求3所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,进一步包括形成为所述盖件的一部分的一个旋流器。
5.如权利要求4所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,进一步包括:
多个叶片,这些叶片形成于所述旋流器内用于降低流进所述旋流器中的空气的速度;以及
形成于所述混合器中的至少一个开口,所述混合器的形状大体上为圆柱形,并且当排气进入所述混合器时排气穿过形成于所述混合器中的所述至少一个开口。
6.如权利要求3所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,所述分离器进一步包括一个金属丝网。
7.如权利要求1所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,进一步包括一个***,该***被整合为与所述压缩机、所述空气冷却器、或二者的组合一同使用。
8.如权利要求7所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,所述***进一步包括形成于所述压缩机的所述壳体中的一系列的室。
9.如权利要求8所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,其中所述系列的室具有不同的大小。
10.如权利要求8所述压缩机-冷却器模块,其中所述系列的室具有相同的大小并用一种填充物填充,并且所述填充物减小由所述压缩机产生的噪声。
11.如权利要求10所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,所述填充物选自下组,其构成为:橡胶、有机硅、以及尼龙。
12.一种压缩机-冷却器模块,包括:
一个壳体;
一个包含于所述壳体中的压缩机;
一个空气冷却器,该空气冷却器置于所述壳体中并且定位于所述压缩机的流动路径上;
至少一个包含于所述壳体中的排气再循环阀门;
一个进气口,该进气口与所述壳体流体连通;
一个冷却器旁路阀,该冷却器旁路阀与所述空气冷却器和所述压缩机能够运行地相关联;
一个高压排气再循环通道,该高压排气再循环通道与所述压缩机能够运行地相关联;以及
一个低压排气再循环通道,该低压排气再循环通道与所述压缩机流体连通,并且所述至少一个排气再循环阀将来自所述低压排气再循环通道或所述高压排气再循环通道的排气选择性地引导至所述空气冷却器,并且所述冷却器旁路阀选择性地引导排气绕过所述空气冷却器。
13.如权利要求12所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,进一步包括一个分离器单元,该分离器单元形成所述壳体的一部分,位于所述压缩机的上游或下游。
14.如权利要求13所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,所述分离器单元进一步包括:
一个盖件,该盖件与所述压缩机以及所述空气冷却器流体连通;
一个混合器,该混合器置于所述分离器单元的所述盖件内;
多个形成于所述混合器的开口,这样当排气进入所述混合器时,排气穿过所述多个开口;以及
一个围绕所述混合器放置的分离器,这样进入所述盖件的排气在进入所述混合器的所述多个开口之前穿过所述分离器,致使排气中的任何微粒被除去,并且在排气穿过所述分离器后流入所述混合器。
15.如权利要求14所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,进一步包括一个旋流器,它形成所述盖件的一部分。
16.如权利要求15所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,进一步包括:
多个叶片,这些叶片形成于所述旋流器内用于降低流入所述旋流器的空气的速度。
17.如权利要求14所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,所述分离器进一步包括围绕所述混合器的一个金属丝网,这样使得进入所述分离器单元的排气流过所述金属丝网然后经过所述多个开口。
18.如权利要求14所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,进一步包括一个***,它形成所述壳体的一部分。
19.如权利要求18所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,所述***进一步包括一系列的室。
20.如权利要求19所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,其中所述系列的室具有不同的大小。
21.如权利要求19所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,其中所述系列的室具有相同的大小并且用一种填充物填充,并且所述填充物减小由所述压缩机产生的噪声。
22.一种压缩机-冷却器模块,包括:
一个壳体;
一个包含于所述壳体中的压缩机;
一个空气冷却器,该空气冷却器置于所述壳体内并且定位于所述压缩机的流动路径上;
包含于所述壳体中的至少一个排气再循环阀;
一个进气口,该进气口与所述壳体流体连通;
一个冷却器旁路阀,该冷却器旁路阀与所述空气冷却器以及所述压缩机流体连通;以及
一个高压排气再循环通道,该高压排气再循环通道与所述压缩机流体连通;其中所述至少一个排气再循环阀选择性地将排气从所述高压排气再循环通道引导至所述空气冷却器,并且所述冷却器旁路阀选择性地引导排气绕过所述空气冷却器。
23.如权利要求22所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,进一步包括一个分离器单元,该分离器单元形成为所述壳体的一部分、位于所述压缩机的上游或下游。
24.如权利要求23所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,所述分离器单元进一步包括:
一个盖件,该盖件与所述压缩机以及所述空气冷却器流体连通;
一个混合器,该混合器置于所述分离器单元的所述盖件之内;
多个形成于所述混合器中的开口,这样当排气进入所述混合器时排气穿过所述多个开口;以及
一个围绕所述混合器放置的分离器,这样进入所述盖件的排气在进入所述混合器的所述多个开口前穿过所述分离器,致使排气中的任何微粒被除去,并且排气穿过所述分离器后流入所述混合器。
25.如权利要求24所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,进一步包括一个旋流器,它形成所述盖件的一部分。
26.如权利要求25所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,进一步包括:
多个叶片,这些叶片形成于所述旋流器内用于降低流入所述旋流器的空气的速度。
27.如权利要求24所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,所述分离器进一步包括环绕所述混合器的一个金属丝网,这样进入所述分离器单元的排气流过所述金属丝网并且然后经过所述多个开口。
28.如权利要求24所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,进一步包括一个***,它形成所述壳体的一部分。
29.如权利要求28所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,所述***进一步包括一系列的室。
30.如权利要求29所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,其中所述系列的室具有不同的大小。
31.如权利要求29所述的压缩机-冷却器模块,其中所述系列的室具有相同的大小并且用一种填充物填充,并且该填充物减小由所述压缩机产生的噪声。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2076663A1 (en) | 2009-07-08 |
US8122717B2 (en) | 2012-02-28 |
EP2076663A4 (en) | 2010-11-24 |
US20100043761A1 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
WO2008033418A1 (en) | 2008-03-20 |
CN101512122A (zh) | 2009-08-19 |
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