Background technology
With Fe-B-Si is that amorphous (amorphousness) alloy that basal component is has excellent characteristic as electromagnetic material, be used as under the situation of electric power with the core material of transformer, compare with orientation silicon steel sheet in the past, it is said that iron loss becomes the about 1/3 of the latter, but its mass production is slower.
Its maximum reason is that price is more a lot of than silicon steel plate hight, and the main raw material of Fe-B etc. accounts for the more than half of manufacturing cost.
As the method for making non-crystalline material at an easy rate, once having proposed to use carbon such as coke is the method (Japanese kokai publication sho 58-77509 communique) that solid reductant carries out boron oxide, boric acid and ferric oxide melting and reducing.Yet, because this method uses carbon as reductive agent, therefore when existing C content to be higher than the problem of optimum range with the B of the best, when Si content is directly made in order to obtain the good non-crystalline material of magnetic properties.
In order to solve this problem, the mother alloy of high B that first manufacturing C content can reach optimum range, Si content had once been proposed after, use the molten steel dilution B that makes separately and the method (Japanese kokai publication sho 59-38353 communique) of Si.Yet this method is because via the high mother alloy of B content, the refractory life that therefore produces stove shortens, the problem that the reduction yield reduces, raw material consumption increases of B.As its improvement method, the method (Japanese kokai publication sho 62-287040 communique) of the B content that makes consisting of of mother alloy low slightly, high Si content had also once been proposed, but because these methods all make the oxide compound of reduction with carbon B, Si, Fe, therefore need huge reduction energy, use hot blast that carbon burning is reached a high temperature in order to obtain this energy, therefore the refractory materials that comprises the oxide compound of B, Si, Fe forms the molten slag of easy melting loss, the basic problem that exists the refractory materials cost greatly to increase.
On the other hand, as the general manufacture method of the Fe-B of B raw material, have the thermite process of employing, electric furnace process to carry out the purified method, but the electric furnace process electric power consumption is big, therefore, electricity expense is with high, and the manufacturing cost of non-crystalline material also increases.In addition, though thermite process manufacturing cost cheapness, because Al, Ti are blended among the Fe-B, when therefore its raw material as non-crystalline material being used, the Ti concentration of the non-crystalline material of manufacturing, Al concentration increase.If known Ti concentration, the increase of Al concentration then can make magnetic properties reduce, just can not be as the raw material use of non-crystalline material as long as can not remove Ti, Al at an easy rate.
In addition, if can use the waste material of silicon steel sheet etc. as Fe, Si raw material, then can reduce manufacturing cost, but this occasion is because the pollution of Al in the waste material, the Al concentration of non-crystalline material increases, and therefore is difficult to use as the raw material of non-crystalline material.
Summary of the invention
Problem of the present invention is to solve above-mentioned prior art problems, using under cheap Fe-B, the situation of waste material even provide as the raw material of non-crystalline material, by removing Al, the Ti that magnetic properties is reduced expeditiously, also can make the method for non-crystalline material at an easy rate.
In order to solve described problem, main idea of the present invention is as follows.
(1) a kind of manufacture method of iron-base amorphous material, it is characterized in that, contain 2%~4% B, 1%~6% Si in mass in manufacturing, during iron-base amorphous material that its surplus is made up of Fe and unavoidable impurities, Ti concentration or Al concentration are under the situation more than the 0.005 quality % in the iron liquid of fusing behind the main raw material, add and to contain the iron oxide source that the above iron of 55 quality % divides, Ti and the equal oxidation of Al are removed go to less than 0.005 quality %.
(2) a kind of manufacture method of iron-base amorphous material, it is characterized in that, contain 2%~4% B, 1%~6% Si in mass in manufacturing, during iron-base amorphous material that its surplus is made up of Fe and unavoidable impurities, the concentration that contains of Ti or Al is under the situation more than the 0.005 quality % in the cooperation of main raw material, will contain iron oxide source and the main raw material that the above iron of 55 quality % divides and together be encased in the melting vessel in advance.
(3) according to the manufacture method of (1) or (2) described iron-base amorphous material, it is characterized in that, also contain among the P of 0.001%~3% C and 0.008%~0.15% one or both in mass.
(4) manufacture method of each described iron-base amorphous material of basis (1)~(3) is characterized in that, in mass, and by below 20% of one or more replacement of fe amounts among the Cr below Co, Ni or 6%.
Embodiment
Present inventors find by the experiment of using small-sized smelting furnace, when smelting iron is the mother metal of amorphous, by add ferric oxide expeditiously oxidation remove Ti and Al.Because it is preferentially oxidized that Ti and Al liken to B, the Si of the principal constituent of amorphous mother metal, therefore can too not reduce the utilization ratio of B, Si and oxidized removing.
As one of invention embodiment, use smelting furnace will carry out cooperating the feasible main raw material fusing that reaches the composition of needed B and Si, contain the iron oxide source that the iron more than the 55 quality % divides in the moment interpolation that has generated iron liquid, Ti and Al oxidation are removed.
In small test, generate in smelting furnace that to contain B be that 3.2 quality %, Si are the iron liquid of the amorphous mother metal of 1.8 quality %, after being warmed up to 1500 ℃, the concentration of Ti and Al is shown in Fig. 1 over time in the iron liquid under the situation of the various iron oxide source of the quality that to add per 1 ton of iron liquid be 50kg.As can be known under iron branch concentration is any situation of iron oxide source more than 55%, Ti and Al be reduced to magnetic properties not influence less than 0.005 quality %.But, iron divide that concentration is low, the many iron oxide sources of matrix composition beyond the ferric oxide, the oxidation of Ti and Al is removed speed and is reduced more.And used iron branch concentration less than 55% the situation of steel-making dust as iron oxide source under, it is extremely slow that speed is removed in the oxidation of Ti and Al, Ti is not reduced to less than 0.005 quality %.Consider that the essential addition of iron oxide source and refining time, the result who manufactures estimation by the slag treatment expense that increase caused of the slag amount of generations such as matrix etc. distinguish, as iron branch concentration as if being not that then effect is less more than 55%.
Moreover the hold-time after the iron oxide source refining is also depended on the amount of employed iron oxide source, but preferably guarantees more than 15 minutes.
In addition, as the another kind of mode that invention is implemented, will contain iron oxide source that the above iron of 55 quality % divides and make the main raw material of the composition that reaches needed B and Si pack in advance to melt in the smelting furnace, generate the iron liquid of mother metal with having carried out cooperating.Add in the above-mentioned mode of iron oxide source owing to generate the back, dust takes place during interpolation, so this mode is preferred under the inadequate situation of control of dust ability of smelting furnace at iron liquid.
In above-mentioned small test, the various iron oxide source of the quality that to add per 1 ton of iron liquid in advance in smelting furnace be 50kg, the concentration of Ti and Al is shown in table 1 in the iron liquid under the situation after together melting with main raw material.Melting 10 fens temperature after the kind fully is 1370~1380 ℃, under the situation that Ti and Al are not removed, should be the concentration identical with the initial value of Fig. 1, but having used iron branch concentration is under the situation of the iron oxide source more than 55%, all become the concentration less than 0.005 quality %, stage Ti and Al are oxidized to be removed dissolving as can be known.Because at fusion stage Ti with Al is oxidized removes, therefore refining is finished in the time that the raw material fusing is warmed up to the required temperature of tapping.On the other hand, used under the situation of iron branch concentration less than 55% iron oxide source, Ti concentration is the above concentration of 0.005 quality %.
One-tenth among the present invention is grouped into and scope describes.Moreover the short of special appointment of scope that becomes to be grouped into then is quality %.
B is the effective elements of improving to amorphous formation ability and thermostability, can add appropriate amount according to the requirement of each characteristic.B can not stably obtain amorphous phase less than 2% o'clock, and was difficult to form amorphous phase greater than 4% o'clock owing to fusing point rises.
Si is the effective elements of improving to amorphous formation ability and thermostability too, can add appropriate amount according to the requirement of each characteristic.Si can not stably form amorphous phase less than 1% o'clock, and greater than 6% o'clock thermostability to improve effect saturated.
C be to the raising of the magneticflux-density of strip, amorphous formation ability improve (raising of castibility) effective elements, can be according to the content of the requirement decision appropriate amount of each characteristic.By containing the C more than 0.001%, preferably contain the C more than 0.003%, the wettability of liquation and cooling base improves, and can form good strip.In addition, be 0.01% when above at preferred C, can obtain the effect of improving of amorphous formation ability.And greater than 3% o'clock, the effect of improving of magneticflux-density reduced.
P is the effective elements of improving to iron loss, amorphous formation ability, can contain appropriate amount according to the requirement of each characteristic.By containing P iron loss, amorphous formation ability are improved, the tolerance that impurity element contains enlarges, but P can't see less than 0.008% o'clock that amorphous formation ability improves effect, iron loss is improved effect, does not also present the effect of expansion as the tolerance of the Mn of impurity element and S.On the other hand, along with the content increase of P, crackle is expanded easily on the strip, and the problem of processibility deterioration takes place, and therefore is preferably below 0.15%.
In addition, in composition of the present invention, even with the characteristic of improving magneticflux-density and erosion resistance and annealing conditions etc. is purpose, part by one or more replacement of fe among the Cr that is selected from below Co, Ni or 6% is under the situation below 20% of Fe amount, also can not damage effect of the present invention especially.But, about Co, Ni,,, therefore consider preferably to be limited to below 10% of replacement of fe amount by raw materials cost owing to the price height though the effect of improving magneticflux-density is arranged, further preferably be limited to below 5% of replacement of fe amount.
In addition, in the composition of the present invention, as constituting element, except Fe, B, Si, C, P, Ni, Co, Cr, even also contain known N, Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Mo, Cu etc. also Not a hair of one's head shall be touched evil effect of the present invention.
Table 1
Moreover the result who investigates for the influence of iron liquid temp distinguishes, if be the above temperature of fusing point of mother metal, then Ti and Al become less than 0.005 quality %, but the oxidation efficiency of high more Ti of temperature and Al is high more, and the ultimate density of Ti and Al also reduces, and the utilization ratio of B and Si improves simultaneously.On the other hand, temperature is high more then to need to melt electric energy more, and the refractory materials cost of smelting furnace also increases.Therefore, preferably reduce the iron liquid temp with the level of the oxidation amount of removing that can reach required Ti and Al.
Embodiment
Below specify the present invention based on concrete example.
Embodiment 1
Use the iron liquid of the high frequency melting furnace generation amorphous mother metal of 3 tons of scales, carried out the oxidation refining of Ti and Al.As main raw material, use the electromagnetism steel cuttings and the Fe-B of the cheapness of the composition shown in the table 2, used a little the Fe-Si that is used for that Si concentration adjusts.The unit consumption of use level also is shown in table 2 in the lump.
Table 2
(quality %)
|
Si |
B |
Ti |
Al |
Use level (kg/t) |
The electromagnetism steel cuttings |
1.59 |
0.002 |
0.002 |
0.037 |
825.0 |
Fe-B |
0.49 |
19.89 |
0.20 |
0.058 |
168.4 |
Fe-Si |
74.9 |
— |
— |
— |
6.6 |
Cooperate and form |
1.89 |
3.35 |
0.035 |
0.040 |
1000.0 |
After the main raw material fusing, the temperature that is warmed up to iron liquid becomes 1500 ℃, example is as shown in table 3, after having added the iron ore identical (Newman mountain iron ore (MountNewman iron ore): iron divides 65 quality %), steel-making dust (dust during carbonization treatment: iron divides 64 quality %), agglomerate (iron divides 58 quality %) 150kg (50kg/t) with the raw material that in small test, uses, tapping after 20 minutes.Be purpose also to improve characteristic, implemented by in main raw material, add C, P, Co, Ni, Cr carries out same purified operation, make iron liquid composition after the fusing contain one or both among the P of 0.001%~3% C and 0.008%~0.15%, perhaps by below 20% of one or more replacement of fe amounts that is selected among Co, Ni or the 6% following Cr.In addition, as a comparative example, also adopting uses the same method has carried out adding the refining treatment of iron branch less than the mixture 150kg of the steel-making dust (dust the during pre-treatment of iron liquid: iron divides 53 quality %) of 55 quality % or steel-making dust and slag.
Iron liquid composition before being about to add the iron liquid composition of taking a sample before the iron oxide source and being about to tapping is shown in table 4.Used iron to be divided into the example of the above iron oxide source of 55 quality % as can be known, Ti, Al concentration all be reduced to magnetic properties not influence less than 0.005 weight %, and the oxidational losses of B and Si is also little, forms the utilization ratio that has more than 95% with respect to cooperating.In addition, even is under the situation below 20% of Fe amount, can not damage this effect under one or both the situation among the P that contains 0.001%~3% C and 0.008%~0.15%, by the part of one or more replacement of fe among the Cr that is selected from below Co, Ni or 6% yet.On the other hand, used the comparative example of iron branch less than the iron oxide source of 55 quality %, though the utilization ratio of B and Si is equal level, Ti concentration or Al concentration become more than the 0.005 quality %.
Embodiment 2
Use same amount with the identical raw material of raw material that in embodiment 1, uses, iron as shown in table 5 before the fusing divided melts after packing in the high frequency melting furnace of 3 tons of scales less than the iron oxide source of 55 quality %.Melt fully at raw material and to have passed through about 10 minutes moment, carry out the sampling of temperature measuring and iron liquid, after temperature is raised to 1500 ℃, takes a sample once more and tap.To improve characteristic is purpose, also implemented by in main raw material, add C, P, Co, Ni, Cr carries out same purified operation, make iron liquid composition after the fusing contain one or both among the P of 0.001%~3% C and 0.008%~0.15%, perhaps by below 20% of one or more replacement of fe amounts that is selected among Co, Ni or the 6% following Cr.In addition, as a comparative example, also adopting uses the same method has implemented the iron branch that used as shown in table 4 less than the fusing under the situation of the iron oxide source of 55 quality %.
The iron liquid composition after the fusing and the preceding composition that is about to tap also are shown in table 6 fully.Used the iron to be divided into the example of the above iron oxide source of 55 quality %, stage Ti, the Al concentration that has melted fully from raw material all is reduced to magnetic properties not below the 0.005 quality % of influence, and the tapping stage Ti after intensification, Al concentration further reduce.Also the oxidational losses of B and Si is also little as can be known, and the composition before the tapping is more than 92% with respect to cooperating the material use efficiency of forming.In addition, under one or both the situation among the P that contains 0.001%~3% C and 0.008%~0.15%, by the part of one or more replacement of fe among the Cr that is selected from below Co, Ni or 6% is under the situation below 20% of Fe amount, also can not damage this effect.On the other hand, used the comparative example of iron branch less than the iron oxide source of 55 quality %, though the utilization ratio of B and Si is equal level, Ti concentration or Al concentration become more than the 0.005 quality %.