CN101385437B - Solid medium pollen and preparation method and use thereof - Google Patents
Solid medium pollen and preparation method and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101385437B CN101385437B CN2008100589699A CN200810058969A CN101385437B CN 101385437 B CN101385437 B CN 101385437B CN 2008100589699 A CN2008100589699 A CN 2008100589699A CN 200810058969 A CN200810058969 A CN 200810058969A CN 101385437 B CN101385437 B CN 101385437B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a solid media pollen, a preparation method and the application thereof. Tobacco pollen parent anther is collected and aired to loose pollen; the pollen is sieved by a 50-mesh sieve; starch or flour is mixed with the collected pure tobacco pollen evenly according to the volume ratio of 1:2-4; and the required solid media pollen is obtained. The solid media pollen isdipped by a cotton swab or a brush pen and is smeared on a female parent tobacco flower stigma for artificial pollination. The use of the solid media pollen improves the effective utilization rate ofthe tobacco pollen, reduces the usage amount of the pure pollen, saves the manpower and material resources used for collecting the pollen and reduces the planting area of tobacco pollen parent and the hybrid seed production cost. The popularization and the application of the technology have good economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the artificial pollination technical field, relate to the artificial supplementary pollination of tobacco hybrid seeding, particularly relate to a kind of solid medium pollen.The invention still further relates to the preparation method and the application of this solid medium pollen simultaneously.
Background technology
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL.) is important economic crops, is the important source of China's fiscal revenues.Be accompanied by the World tobacco Agricultural Development, the tobacco male sterile line apply one of main developing direction that progressively becomes China's leaf tobacco production.At present, tobacco male sterile line technology and production model have obtained promotion and application widely on tobacco agriculture is produced, and the cultivated area of tobacco male sterile line is enlarging year by year, and sowing quantity is also increasing year by year.
The seed of tobacco male sterile line must obtain by artificial supplementary pollination.Prior art uses pure pollen to carry out artificial pollination because the tobacco pollen amount is few, not only gatherer process time-consuming, take a lot of work, cost is high, and this pollination mode pollen wastage is big, the pollen effective rate of utilization is low, cost is too high.China's tobacco male sterile line cultivated area is big, and required seed is many, and the breeding cost input is very big.Therefore, under the prerequisite that guarantees successfully pollination, how to improve the effective rate of utilization of tobacco pollen, reduce pure pollen consumption, reduce tobacco male parent cultivated area, reduce and adopt the powder cost, and then reach the purpose that reduces breeding cost, just become the very urgent hope of tobacco hybrid seeding worker.But not seeing as yet in the prior art has solution well.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of solid medium pollen is provided,, reduce the usage amount of pure pollen, reduce breeding cost with instead of pure pollen.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method for preparing described solid medium pollen.
The present invention also aims to provide the application of described solid medium pollen in tobacco hybrid seeding supplementary pollination.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
A kind of solid medium pollen is characterized in that: starch or flour and the tobacco paternal pollen volume ratio by 1:2～4 is mixed, promptly obtain required solid medium pollen.
Prepare the method for described solid medium pollen, may further comprise the steps:
1, gather tobacco male parent flower pesticide, dry and make its loose powder, sift out pollen with 50 mesh sieve, collection pollen is standby;
2, starch or flour and the pure pollen of tobacco the collected volume ratio by 1:2～4 is mixed, promptly obtain required solid medium pollen.
The application of described solid medium pollen in tobacco artificial pollination is specially: pick described solid medium pollen with cotton swab or writing brush and be applied on the maternal fireworks column cap, carry out the hybrid seeding artificial pollination.
Has following advantage with respect to prior art the present invention: prove through continuous 3 years field experiment, the use of starch and flour medium pollen does not have influence to field tobacco percentage of fertile fruit and every capsule seed number, germination to seed does not have negative effect yet, thereby has guaranteed hybrid seed yield and seed quality.The use of solid medium pollen has simultaneously improved the effective rate of utilization of tobacco pollen, has reduced the usage amount of pure pollen, has saved pollen and has gathered used manpower and materials, has reduced the cultivated area of tobacco male parent, has reduced the production cost of hybrid seeding.Applying of this technology has good economy and society benefit.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but they are not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Selected model field is positioned at Xishuangbanna, Yunnan China Tobacco Seed Yuxi Co., Ltd. production of hybrid seeds base.The tobacco seedling mode adopts floating seedlings, and Cheng Miaohou transplants the land for growing field crops.Field planting density is: line-spacing 1.2m, spacing in the rows 0.5m.
Carried out the field on 25 mu of ground implements in production of hybrid seeds base.5 mu of male parent fields as MS cloud and mist 87 wherein, all the other 20 mu of female parents that are used to plant MS cloud and mist 87.Gather the flower pesticide of MS cloud and mist 87 male parents in the field, dry and make its loose powder, sift out pollen, collect pollen, preserve standby at 4 ℃ of lower seals with 50 mesh sieve.The pure pollen of starch and the MS cloud and mist 87 male parents volume ratio by 1:2 is mixed, be mixed with required solid medium pollen.
Embodiment 2
Carried out the field on 25 mu of ground implements in production of hybrid seeds base.5 mu of male parent fields as MSK326 wherein, all the other 20 mu of female parents that are used to plant MSK326.Gather the flower pesticide of MSK326 male parent in the field, dry and make its loose powder, sift out pollen, collect pollen, preserve standby at 4 ℃ of lower seals with 50 mesh sieve.The pure pollen of starch and the MSK326 male parent volume ratio by 1:2 is mixed, be mixed with required solid medium pollen.
Embodiment 3
Carried out the field on 25 mu of ground implements in production of hybrid seeds base.5 mu of male parent fields as MS cloud and mist 85 wherein, all the other 20 mu of female parents that are used to plant MS cloud and mist 85.Gather the flower pesticide of MS cloud and mist 87 male parents in the field, dry and make its loose powder, sift out pollen, collect pollen, preserve standby at 4 ℃ of lower seals with 50 mesh sieve.The pure pollen of starch and the MS cloud and mist 85 male parents volume ratio by 1:2 is mixed, be mixed with required solid medium pollen.
Embodiment 4～6
Repeat embodiment 1～3, following difference is arranged: the mixing ratio of starch and pure pollen is 1:3.
Embodiment 7～9
Repeat embodiment 1～3, following difference is arranged: the mixing ratio of starch and pure pollen is 1:4.
Embodiment 10～18
Repeat embodiment 1～9, following difference arranged: with flour as solid dielectric.
The present invention by a large amount of field trials to determine medium composition and concrete consumption.The pure pollen of testing respectively MS cloud and mist 87, MS cloud and mist 85 and MSK326 male parent mixes with starch, flour, skim milk powder, melissa powder, bentonite, GTG powder and talcum powder, be prepared into different solid medium pollens, and be contrast with pure pollen, on the female parent of MS cloud and mist 87, MS cloud and mist 85 and MSK326, carry out test of pollination.Studied medium pollen to field tobacco percentage of fertile fruit and every capsule seed number, the influence of indexs such as indoor 25 ℃ of potentialities of seed of sprouting down, germination rate.Discover that in different solid dielectrics, starch and flour easily mix with pure pollen.After the pollination of starch and flour medium pollen, column cap the powder situation good, the average percentage of fertile fruit height of every strain cigarette, the average seed number of every capsule is many, every mu of hybrid seed yield and contrast ratio do not have significant difference.The germination vigor of results back seed and germination rate and contrast ratio do not have significant difference.Under the prerequisite that guarantees tobacco seed output and quality, can reach and save pure pollen consumption, the purpose that reduces production costs.Now, technique effect of the invention process is described by the field demonstration example:
Application Example 1
Pick cloud and mist 87 that embodiment 1 and 2 makes and the medium pollen of K326 with cotton swab or writing brush, be applied in respectively on the column cap of the maternal fireworks of MS cloud and mist 87 and MSK326, carry out artificial pollination.The field capsule is brown gathers after ripe, and it is selected to adopt the selection by winnowing mode that seed is carried out, and removes shrivelled seed and various impurity, dries (water content is less than 7.0%), room temperature storage.Add up every mu of seed average yield, carry out germination test under indoor 25 ℃, statistics germination vigor and germination rate.The result shows that after the pollination of use starch media pollen, average every mu of seed production of MS cloud and mist 87 and MSK326 reaches 8.63kg and 9.02kg respectively, and potentiality of seed all reaches more than 91.0%, and germination rate reaches more than 95.0%.With contrast ratio (adopt pure pollen to pollinate, every mu of seed average yield of MS cloud and mist 87 and MSK326 is respectively 8.58kg and 9.12kg, and germination vigor reaches more than 91.0%, and germination rate is more than 95.0%), no marked difference.Adopt powder with 100 workers by one mu of male parent field, 30 yuan of meters of every worker's wage, the recruitment wage of gathering pollen is 3000 yuan.After the medium pollen of use 1:2 ratio carries out hybrid seeding, promptly guaranteed tobacco seed output and quality, saved 1/3 pollen consumption again, adopted powder recruitment wage for every mu and can save 1000 yuan.
Application Example 2
Pick the cloud and mist 87 that embodiment 4 and 6 makes and the medium pollen of cloud and mist 85 with cotton swab or writing brush, be applied in respectively on the column cap of MS cloud and mist 87 and MS cloud and mist 85 maternal fireworks, carry out artificial pollination.The field capsule is brown gathers after ripe, and it is selected to adopt the selection by winnowing mode that seed is carried out, and removes shrivelled seed and various impurity, dries (water content is less than 7.0%), room temperature storage.Add up every mu of seed average yield, carry out germination test under indoor 25 ℃, statistics germination vigor and germination rate.The result shows, but after using the pollination of flour medium pollen, average every mu of seed production of MS cloud and mist 87 and MS cloud and mist 85 reaches 7.54kg and 7.33kg respectively, and potentiality of seed all reaches more than 91.0%, and germination rate reaches more than 94.0%.With contrast ratio (adopt pure pollen to pollinate, every mu of seed average yield of MS cloud and mist 87 and MS cloud and mist 85 is respectively 7.58kg and 7.24kg, and germination vigor reaches more than 91.0%, and germination rate is more than 94.0%), no marked difference.The use of flour medium pollen has significantly reduced the consumption of pollen, has reduced breeding cost.
Claims (4)
1. solid medium pollen is characterized in that: starch and tobacco paternal pollen are mixed by 1: 2～4 volume ratio, promptly obtain required solid medium pollen.
2. prepare the method for the described solid medium pollen of claim 1, may further comprise the steps:
(1) gather tobacco male parent flower pesticide, dry and make its loose powder, sift out pollen with 50 mesh sieve, collection pollen is standby;
(2) starch and the pure pollen of tobacco collected are mixed by 1: 2～4 volume ratio, promptly obtain required solid medium pollen.
3. the application of the described solid medium pollen of claim 1 in tobacco artificial pollination.
4. the application of solid medium pollen according to claim 3, its concrete grammar is: pick described solid medium pollen with cotton swab or writing brush and be applied on the maternal fireworks column cap, carry out artificial pollination.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100589699A CN101385437B (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2008-09-26 | Solid medium pollen and preparation method and use thereof |
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| CN2008100589699A CN101385437B (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2008-09-26 | Solid medium pollen and preparation method and use thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101385437A CN101385437A (en) | 2009-03-18 |
| CN101385437B true CN101385437B (en) | 2011-11-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2008100589699A Expired - Fee Related CN101385437B (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2008-09-26 | Solid medium pollen and preparation method and use thereof |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101946692B (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2012-08-15 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Tobacco compound pollen medium, preparation method and applications thereof |
| CN105123506A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-09 | 玉溪中烟种子有限责任公司 | Tobacco seed oil medium pollen and preparation method and purpose thereof. |
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2008
- 2008-09-26 CN CN2008100589699A patent/CN101385437B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘仁祥等.烤烟雄性不育一代杂种的制种技术.《山地农业生物学报》.1998,第17卷(第3期),125-128. * |
| 李建厂等.利用不同液体介质对甘蓝型油菜CMS辅助授粉的研究.《中国油料作物学报》.2004,第26卷(第2期),15-19. * |
| 杨健等.梨树的授粉受精及辅助授粉技术.《果农之友》.2007,(第4期),17-18. * |
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