CN101379928B - Dry farming scallion cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating a green Chinese onion by dry farming. The method comprises the following steps: ridges are made with the spacing between the adjacent ridges controlled at 60cm plus or minus 2cm, the height of the ridges controlled at 30cm plus or minus 2cm, the width of the ridges controlled at 45cm plus or minus 2cm, and the bottom width of ridge furrows controlled at 8-10cm; after the ridge furrows are flattened by compaction, a groove with 2cm depth and 2cm width is respectively furrowed at the two sides of the ridge furrows; seeds of the onion are evenly sowed in the furrows as prepared in the step 1 in between August and September, the furrows are covered with soil and pressed, and the seeds of the onion are 500g plus or minus 20g per mu; the seeds are fertilized after rainfall and then soil is cast on the seeds to keep moisture; when seedlings grow to 15cm plus or minus 2cm high, the seedlings are established at the seedling spacing of 3-4cm, and seedlings are planted at the places without the seedlings to reach 60,000-66,000 seedlings per mu; a plurality of times of hilling are carried out according to the growth situation of the green Chinese onions; In July to August of the next year, the onions are harvested according to the growth situation at alternating ridges; and the reserved green Chinese onions are hilled for 2-3 times, and harvested in October and November. The method for cultivating the onion by dry farming has the advantages of simple technology, strong operability, high yield and high quality.

Description

A kind of cultivation method of dry farming scallion

Technical field

The invention belongs to the vegetable growing technical field, relate to a kind of cultivation method of dry farming scallion.

Background technology

General cultivation shallot is adopted the method for seedling raising and transplanting more, autumn the previous year or spring, flat furrow were grown seedlings then normally, treat to transplant when the green onion seedling grows to 30～40cm for 5～June, before transplanting planting-site is ditched by 80～90cm, the finishing furrow bank 3～4 centimetre equably enters ditch in by spacing in the rows the green onion seedling, earth backing is irrigated, look the fertilising of green onion seedling growing state after autumn, irrigate, earth up, in results in 10～November, 2000～3000 kilograms of general per mu yields.The defective of this method is: owing to need the operation of trench digging mound, limited its ridge apart from can not further dwindling, made shallot can not utilize soil space fully at growing period, total strain number is few in the unit are, causes shallot to yield poorly; In addition, owing to need seedling raising and transplanting, except that will consuming a large amount of labours, remain the environmental constraints that irrigation conditions is arranged at need.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of dry farming scallion cultivation method, having solved needs seedling raising and transplanting in the prior art, need to use a large amount of labours; And the ridge distance is bigger, every mu of total strain number is few, relies on and irrigates the problem that per mu yield is low.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of cultivation method of dry farming scallion, and this method is implemented according to following steps:

Step 1, making ridge: 60 ± 2 centimetres of control ridge spacings, ridge is high 30 ± 2 centimetres, ridge is wide 45 ± 2 centimetres, 8～10 centimetres of ridge ditch bottom width, with the ridge ditch smash flat after, respectively open a ditch in ridge ditch both sides, little ditch depth is wide each 2 centimetres;

Step 2, sowing: 8～September sowing then, the green onion kind is broadcast in the ditch that step 1 gets ready uniformly suppression of soil, every mu of seeding quantity 500 ± 20 grams;

Apply fertilizer after step 3, the rainfall, spread the soil soil moisture conservation;

Step 4: fill the gaps with seedlings, final singling: when 15 ± 2 centimetres of heights of seedling, press 3～4 centimetres of final singlings of spacing, filling the gaps with seedlings in the place of being short of seedling, makes a mu seedling number reach 6～6.6 ten thousand strains;

Step 5: ridging: in time carry out the several times ridging according to the shallot growing state;

Step 6: results: to 7～August of next year, it is verdant every the ridge results to look the shallot growing state; Give again and reserve shallot ridging 2～3 times, to the shallot of results reservation in 10～November ridge.

Dry farming scallion cultivation method of the present invention, adopt that narrow row distance, high dense planting, autumn are live, interlacing in autumn in the coming year is gathered in the crops, realized that shallot is in the reasonable utilization of different growing stages to soil, space, natural resourcess such as water, fertilizer, light, gas, heat have been maximally utilised, save a large amount of labours, dry farming cultivation, high yield is of fine quality.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is traditional shallot cultivation method schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is a dry farming scallion cultivation method schematic diagram of the present invention.

Among the figure, 1, ridge, 2, the ridge ditch, 3, the green onion seedling.

Embodiment

The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

The cultivation method of dry farming scallion of the present invention is implemented according to following steps:

Step 1, making ridge.60 ± 2 centimetres of control ridge spacings, ridge is high 30 ± 2 centimetres, ridge is wide 45 ± 2 centimetres, 8～10 centimetres of ridge ditch bottom width, with the ridge ditch smash flat after, respectively open a ditch in ridge ditch both sides, little ditch depth is wide each 2 centimetres.

Step 2, sowing.Suppression of soil, every mu of seeding quantity 500 ± 20 grams are broadcast the green onion kind in the ditch that step 1 gets ready in 8～September sowing then uniformly.This moment, sowing can utilize the rainfall in autumn many, the soil is moistening, soil evaporativeness is little after autumn, the sowing of sowing while there is sufficient moisture in the soil breaks through passs of emerging, so that give green onion seedling growth creation good environmental condition, make seedling accumulation nutrition, increase amount of growth and flourishing root system, keeping out the cold and take precautions against drought spring for surviving the winter lays the foundation, and tides over the seedling phase smoothly.

Fertilising (referring to chemical fertilizer) after step 3, the rainfall, and spread the soil soil moisture conservation.

Step 4, fill the gaps with seedlings, final singling.When 15 ± 2 centimetres of heights of seedling, press 3～4 centimetres of final singlings of spacing, filling the gaps with seedlings in the place of being short of seedling, guarantees that a mu seedling number reaches 6～6.6 ten thousand strains.

Step 5, ridging.In time carry out the several times ridging according to the shallot growing state, prevent the shallot lodging.

Step 6, results.To 7～August of next year, it is verdant every the ridge results to look the shallot growing state, so that create the ridging condition for the shallot of reserving ridge (reservation ridge); Give again and reserve shallot ridging 2～3 times, to the shallot of results reservation in 10～November ridge.

Shallot is mainly cultivated in middle high latitude district, and the climatic characteristic of this region is: the spring and summer arid is short of rain, and the rainfall in autumn is concentrated.This climatic characteristic just and shallot poor growth in summer, autumn, the biological property and the characteristics of drought tolerance of blade face with cured matter layer of blastoprolepsis matched.The prerequisite that prior art is implemented is, no matter grow seedlings the field piece and transplant after growth field piece, all irrigation conditions need be arranged, this has just limited the cultivation scope of shallot greatly, add that seedling raising and transplanting need spend a large amount of labours, lack under strong labour's the situation in present rural area, also give to implement to cultivate and brought difficulty.Method of the present invention adopts live, remove the seedling raising and transplanting link from, can realize the shallot cultivation and production under the dry farming condition in the field piece cultivation that does not have more than the annual rainfall 400mm under the irrigation conditions, its output has also surpassed the area that irrigation conditions is arranged, and best in quality.

Fig. 1 is traditional shallot cultivation method schematic diagram.The spacing of the ridge 1 the during cultivation of tradition shallot is 80～90 centimetres, only plants delegation's green onion seedling 3 in the ridge ditch 2.Late September grows seedlings then, and open country is survived the winter; Transplant to 5～June of next year, mu 2～2.5 ten thousand strains of keeping a full stand of seedings, to results in 10～November, per mu yield is 2000～3000 kilograms again.

Fig. 2 is a dry farming scallion cultivation method schematic diagram of the present invention.The non-irrigated green onion F1 of present embodiment corresponding cultivation is for series of products, and the spacing of control ridge 1 is 60 centimetres, then 8～September live, plantation two row dry farming green onion kinds in every ridge ditch 2, two row green onion seedlings 3 grow the back open country and survive the winter, 15 centimetres of final singlings of height of seedling, mu 6～6.6 ten thousand strains of keeping a full stand of seedings; 7～August of next year is verdant every the ridge results, and per mu yield is 1500～2000 kilograms, and to the shallot that 10～November, results kept the ridge, per mu yield is 2500～3500 kilograms again, and adding up to per mu yield is 4000～5500 kilograms.

Embodiment 1

Step 1, making ridge.62 centimetres of control ridge spacings, ridge is high 32 centimetres, ridge is wide 47 centimetres, 10 centimetres of ridge ditch bottom width, with the ridge ditch smash flat after, along opening two ditches, little ditch depth is wide each 2 centimetres in the ridge ditch.

Step 2, sowing.8～September sowing is then broadcast the green onion kind in the ditch that step 1 gets ready uniformly, the suppression of soil, and every mu of non-irrigated green onion F1 is 480 grams for the planting seed amount.

The soil soil moisture conservation is spread in step 3, rainfall fertilising (referring to chemical fertilizer) behind the rain.

Step 4: fill the gaps with seedlings, final singling.When 15 centimetres of heights of seedling, press 4 centimetres of final singlings of spacing, filling the gaps with seedlings in the place of being short of seedling, guarantees that a mu seedling number reaches 60,000 strains.

Step 5: ridging.

Step 6: results.To July next year, it is verdant every the ridge results to look the shallot growing state, and per mu yield is 1500 kilograms, so that create the ridging condition for the shallot of reserving ridge (reservation ridge); Give and reserve shallot ridging 3 times, to the shallot of results reservation in October ridge, per mu yield is 2500 kilograms, and adding up to per mu yield is 4000 kilograms.

Embodiment 2

According to the step of embodiment 1,58 centimetres of control ridge spacings, ridge is high 28 centimetres, and ridge is wide 43 centimetres, 8 centimetres of ridge ditch bottom width, non-irrigated green onion F1 is 520 grams for every mu of seeding quantity of seed, when 15 centimetres of heights of seedling, pressing 3 centimetres of final singlings of spacing, fills the gaps with seedlings in the place of being short of seedling, and guarantees that mu seedling number reaches 6.6 ten thousand strains.To July next year, it is verdant every the ridge results to look the shallot growing state, and per mu yield is 2000 kilograms, so that create the ridging condition for the shallot of reserving ridge (reservation ridge); Give and reserve shallot ridging 2 times, to the shallot of results reservation in October ridge, per mu yield is 3500 kilograms, and adding up to per mu yield is 5500 kilograms.

Embodiment 3

According to the step of embodiment 1,60 centimetres of control ridge spacings, ridge is high 30 centimetres, and ridge is wide 45 centimetres, 9 centimetres of ridge ditch bottom width, non-irrigated green onion F1 is 500 grams for every mu of seeding quantity of seed, when 17 centimetres of heights of seedling, pressing 3.5 centimetres of final singlings of spacing, fills the gaps with seedlings in the place of being short of seedling, and guarantees that mu seedling number reaches 6.3 ten thousand strains.To July next year, it is verdant every the ridge results to look the shallot growing state, and per mu yield is 1800 kilograms, so that create the ridging condition for the shallot of reserving ridge (reservation ridge); Give and reserve shallot ridging 3 times, to the shallot of results reservation in October ridge, per mu yield is 3000 kilograms, and adding up to per mu yield is 4800 kilograms.

Dry farming scallion cultivation method of the present invention, changed traditional planting type, narrow row distance with the invention, high dense planting, autumn is live, the verdant dry farming scallion cultivation method of interlacing in autumn in coming year results has realized that shallot in the reasonable utilization of different growing stages to soil, space, has maximally utilised natural resourcess such as water, fertilizer, light, gas, heat.Dry farming scallion cultivation method of the present invention, technology is simple, and is workable, compares with existing irrigated land shallot kind method for planting that high yield is of fine quality more.

Claims (1)

1. the cultivation method of a dry farming scallion, it is characterized in that: this method is implemented according to following steps,

Step 1, making ridge: 60 ± 2 centimetres of control ridge spacings, ridge is high 30 ± 2 centimetres, ridge is wide 45 ± 2 centimetres, 8～10 centimetres of ridge ditch bottom width, with the ridge ditch smash flat after, respectively open a ditch in ridge ditch both sides, little ditch depth is wide each 2 centimetres;

Step 2, sowing: 8～September sowing then, the green onion kind is broadcast in the ditch that step 1 gets ready uniformly suppression of soil, every mu of seeding quantity 500 ± 20 grams;

Apply fertilizer after step 3, the rainfall, spread the soil soil moisture conservation;

Step 4: fill the gaps with seedlings, final singling: when 15 ± 2 centimetres of heights of seedling, press 3～4 centimetres of final singlings of spacing, filling the gaps with seedlings in the place of being short of seedling, makes a mu seedling number reach 6～6.6 ten thousand strains;

Step 5: ridging: in time carry out the several times ridging according to the shallot growing state;

Step 6: results: to 7～August of next year, it is verdant every the ridge results to look the shallot growing state; Give again and reserve shallot ridging 2～3 times, to the shallot of results reservation in 10～November ridge.

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