CN101368812A - Nuclear island negative excavation ring corridor presplit blasting method - Google Patents
Nuclear island negative excavation ring corridor presplit blasting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a nuclear island negative excavation circle corridor pre-split blasting method, belonging to the technical field of earthwork construction methods. The method has the following steps: excavating downward at the elevation at the heart of the nuclear island, and reserving a retaining layer; drilling holes along the inner and outer circumferences of the circle corridor at equal space interval respectively; filling flexible material into the bottom of the holes to serve as cushion layers; filling the explosive into the holes which are provided with the cushion layers and the loading depth at the orifices in three sections, wherein, the bottom part is a strengthening explosive filling section, the top part is a weakening explosive filling section, and the middle part is a normal explosive filling section; after the explosives are loaded into the holes, filling the loading depth at the orifices with conventional materials; and detonating the explosives to form cracks along the inner and outer circumferences of the circle corridor. The invention can form desired cracks along the inner and outer circumferences of the circle corridor at the predetermined location of the rock foundation so as to carry out the main bursting aiming to remove the rocks in the circle corridor; at the same time, taking into account the vibration, tolerance and other technical requirements, the invention takes corresponding reasonable measures so as to rapidly complete the construction work of the nuclear island negative excavation circle corridor with high quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is for relating to a kind of blasting construction method, and especially a kind of nuclear island negative excavation ring corridor presplit blasting method belongs to a cubic meter construction method technical field.
Background technology
For satisfying increasing rapidly of China's energy demand, keep economic sustainable development, country has determined the policy of " develop actively nuclear power ".At present, 8,700,000 kilowatts of the nuclear power installed capacitys of China, the proportion in the middle of China's whole generating installed capacity is less than 2%.According to planning, be implemented to the year two thousand twenty nuclear power installed capacity target, then mean in the following more than ten years, should put 2 to 3 million kilowatt nuclear power units every year into operation.
In the construction of nuclear power station, the nuclear island basis has been tending towards standardization, and its construction quality is particularly important.And the construction quality direct relation of nuclear island ring corridor the progress that nuclear island basis concrete is built.At present, the radius of nuclear island of nuclear power station is generally 15.3 ± 0.3m, and the ring corridor width around it is 5.5 ± 0.2m, and the ring corridor degree of depth (with the rotary island elevation difference) is 3.2 ± 0.1m, bears at the cubic meter of stone and digs in the engineering, and is very high to the specification requirement of Blasting Excavation, comprising:
1) blasting vibration requires: the concrete in 1-3 days length of time that the quick-fried area edge of adjusting the distance is nearest, and the particle vibration peak velocity is not more than 1.5cm/s; The concrete in 3-7 days length of time that the quick-fried area edge of adjusting the distance is nearest, the particle vibration peak velocity is not more than 2.5cm/s; The concrete in 7-28 days length of time that-quick-fried area edge of adjusting the distance is nearest, the particle vibration peak velocity is not more than 7cm/s; Distance 30m place, quick-fried source bedrock surface particle vibration peak value is not more than 5cm/s;
2) excavation border allowable error requires: do not allow to owe to dig; The negative engineering of digging of being completed must be within following allowable error scope; Presplit blasting does not allow to exceed design sideline 15cm, backbreaks and be not more than 10cm in the bottom; Photoface exploision does not allow to exceed design sideline 15cm, the bottom, slope, and only on sole plate absolute altitude position, backbreak and be not more than 10cm in the bottom.
Adopt conventional blasting method to be difficult to reach above-mentioned requirements, therefore need a kind of effective blasting technology method, could satisfy the strict demand of nuclear power the nuclear island negative excavation Blasting Excavation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: propose a kind of negative rock blasting that digs of nuclear island of nuclear power station that can reach and excavate the nuclear island negative excavation ring corridor presplit blasting method that requires, thereby satisfy the construction requirement of nuclear power station, it is fast-developing to adapt to Future in China nuclear power station ground.
The key that solves above technical problem is to reduce to backbreak and reduce blasting vibration, and the applicant gropes through testing repeatedly, sums up following nuclear island negative excavation ring corridor presplit blasting method:
The first step. dig under at select location, and reserve retaining layer according to nuclear island island heart absolute altitude; Reserve retaining layer thickness with 1 ± 0.15m be advisable (promptly digging) to the degree of depth that exceeds 1 ± 0.15m than final nuclear island island heart absolute altitude;
Second step. hole with predetermined equally spaced spacing respectively along the inside and outside circumference in ring corridor; Usually, be advisable with 0.6 ± 0.05m at interval, the aperture is controlled at 76 ± 4mm, the hole depth L=ring corridor degree of depth+retaining layer thickness+hadal depth; Hadal depth is preferably 0.5m;
The 3rd step. the flexible material of packing at the bottom of the hole is as cushion, and cushion thickness is advisable with 300 ± 50mm;
The 4th step. reserve three sections powder charges of Kong Zhongfen of plug depth in pack into cushion and aperture, the bottom is for strengthening the powder charge section, and the top is for weakening the powder charge section, and the centre is the normal charge section; Usually plug depth 1.2 ± 0.2m is reserved in the aperture, with pack into the explosive cartridge of 2L/7 hole depth length of the degree of packing of 1 ± 0.1kg/m, strengthens the powder charge section at the bottom of constituting the hole; With the degree of packing of the 0.2 ± 0.05kg/m L/7 hole depth length explosive cartridge of packing into, constitute the top, hole and weaken the powder charge section; Strengthen the powder charge section and weaken remainder between the powder charge section with the degree of packing of the 0.4 ± 0.5g/m explosive cartridge of packing into, normal charge section in the formation hole;
The 5th step. after dynamite charge was good, the aperture plug depth was clogged with conventional material;
The 6th step. detonating forms the crack of the inside and outside circumference in ring corridor, edge.
According to the presplit blasting construction experience, the planarization on pre-broken face top is relatively poor, for guaranteeing the complete of nuclear island ring corridor profile suitable for reading, before encircling corridor presplit blasting, need to reserve the retaining layer about 1m, presplit blasting could guarantee that from the retaining layer drillhole blasting nuclear island ring corridor profile suitable for reading is smooth after repairing.And flexible cushion is set is because consider that the presplit blasting base charge is for strengthening charge constitution, lay flexible cushion in pre-ceasma bottom, not only can reduce the destruction of explosion to floor rock, and reduce blasting vibration, in the time of can also reducing the main body explosion of follow-up ring corridor simultaneously to the impact failure of floor rock.
In a word, above method is by rationally being provided with the charge constitution of powder charge hole and science, can form desirable inside and outside circumference crack, ring corridor in the precalculated position of rock foundation, and then can to carry out to remove rock in the ring corridor be that the master of purpose is quick-fried, simultaneously owing to consider specification requirements such as vibration, franchise, and taked corresponding rational approach, therefore can fast, high-quality finish the constructing operation of nuclear island negative excavation ring corridor.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a nuclear island ring corridor floor map.
Fig. 2 is pre-ceasma plane of arrangement figure.
Fig. 3 is pre-ceasma charge constitution schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is big gun hole plane of arrangement figure.
Fig. 5 is a big gun hole profile.
Embodiment one
The plane, nuclear island ring corridor of present embodiment is encircled the corridor and is born between the outer shroud W of 10.15m at island intracardiac ring N and the absolute altitude of radius 15.3m, the negative 10.23m of absolute altitude, width 5.5m, the negative 13.38m of absolute altitude as shown in Figure 1.The step of presplit blasting is:
The first step. dig under according to island heart absolute altitude to the rock foundation of negative 9.23m at select location, reserve the 1m retaining layer.Practice shows that the planarization on pre-broken face top is relatively poor, for guaranteeing the complete of nuclear island ring corridor profile suitable for reading, when encircling corridor presplit blasting, should reserve the retaining layer about 1m.Second step. along encircling the inside and outside circumference in corridor (being inner and outer rings) respectively with the uniformly-spaced interval S of 0.6m (referring to Fig. 2) boring; The aperture is 76mm, the hole depth L=ring corridor degree of depth+retaining layer thickness+hadal depth=3.15m+1m+0.5m=4.65m.
The 3rd step. the flexible foam bar cushion of packing at the bottom of the hole, cushion thickness is 300mm.Cushion can effectively reduce the destruction of explosion to floor rock, reduces blasting vibration simultaneously.
The 4th step. reserve three sections powder charges of Kong Zhongfen (referring to Fig. 3) of plug depth 1.2m in pack into cushion and aperture,, strengthen powder charge section 4 at the bottom of constituting the hole with the degree of packing of 1kg/m 2L/7 hole depth length---the explosive cartridge of 0.66m of packing into; With the degree of packing of 0.2kg/m L/7---the 1.33m hole depth length explosive cartridge of packing into, constitute the top, hole and weaken powder charge section 2; Strengthen the powder charge section and weaken remainder between the powder charge section with 0.4g/m (common granite; Should suitably strengthen for hard granite, should suitably reduce for horn stone) the degree of packing explosive cartridge of packing into, constitute normal charge section 3 in the hole; Explosive adopts the emulsion volume, and the coefficient of coup (being the aperture and the explosive diameter ratio of pre-ceasma) is not advisable with 2.4 ± 0.2, rolls up for embodiment adopts the emulsion of φ 32mm, and colligation is on primacord 5.Scientific and reasonable powder charge is the key of presplit blasting success, and explosive payload is too small, and rock fracture can not form; Explosive payload is excessive, and wall is residual not to be half hole but groove to occur between 1/3～1/4 hole wall and two holes or the fish scale shape breaks.Concrete blasting parameter can be selected by table 1.
The 5th step. after dynamite charge was good, the aperture plug depth formed filling section 1 with conventional materials such as soil, sand; Before the aperture is stopped up, cover on the explosive column of top with soft materials such as spitballs, fall into the powder charge section to avoid plugging material, guarantee the air gap of powder charge section.
The 6th step. detonating forms the crack of the inside and outside circumference in ring corridor, edge.
After this, with reference to Fig. 4, Fig. 5, get out blast hole spaced apart at the ring Lang Chu that forms inside and outside peripheral annular precracking F respectively---comprise the main blast hole Z at middle part and the cushion hole H of both sides, after charge explosion and the cleaning, can high-qualityly rapidly finish negative earth excavation construction, form the complete nuclear island ring corridor of profile.Experiment shows, gets out the two main blast holes of circle at middle part and is respectively adjacent to two of inner and outer rings at the ring Lang Chu of inside and outside peripheral annular precracking and enclose cushion holes, and demolition effect is even more ideal.
Table 1 presplit blasting parameter
| Lithology | Aperture mm | Pitch-row m | Powder stick diameter mm | Wire-bound dose kg/m | Bottom line explosive payload kg/m | The base charge length m | Top line explosive payload kg/m | Top loaded length m | Stemming length m | Super dark m |
| Hard granite | 76 | 0.6 | 32 | 0.45 | 1.0 | 2L/7 | 0.2 | 1L/7 | 1.2 | 0.5 |
| Common granite | 76 | 0.6 | 32 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 2L/7 | 0.2 | 1L/7 | 1.2 | 0.5 |
| Horn stone | 76 | 0.6 | 32 | 0.35 | 1.0 | 2L/7 | 0.2 | 1L/7 | 1.2 | 0.5 |
Annotate: L is the presplitting hole depth in the table.
Many engineering practices such as the mountain range Australia second phase nuclear island negative excavation engineering of Daya Bay nuclear power plant, Ningde first phase nuclear island negative excavation engineering, Yangjiang first phase nuclear island negative excavation engineering prove, adopt the nuclear island ring corridor Presplitting Blasting Excavation method of present embodiment can guarantee the complete of nuclear island ring corridor profile suitable for reading, reduce explosion effectively to the destruction of nuclear island ring corridor crag and to the impact of nuclear island ring corridor floor strata, significantly reduced blasting vibration intensity, can satisfy the blasting vibration requirement of nuclear power engineering fully, and engineering efficient height, good, the cost economy of quality.
Claims (7)
1. nuclear island negative excavation ring corridor presplit blasting method may further comprise the steps:
The first step. dig under at select location, and reserve retaining layer according to nuclear island island heart absolute altitude;
Second step. hole the hole depth=ring corridor degree of depth+retaining layer thickness+hadal depth with predetermined equally spaced spacing respectively along the inside and outside circumference in ring corridor;
The 3rd step. the flexible material of packing at the bottom of the hole is as cushion;
The 4th step. reserve three sections powder charges of Kong Zhongfen of plug depth in pack into cushion and aperture, the bottom is for strengthening the powder charge section, and the top is for weakening the powder charge section, and the centre is the normal charge section;
The 5th step. after dynamite charge was good, the aperture plug depth was clogged with conventional material;
The 6th step. detonating forms the crack of the inside and outside circumference in ring corridor, edge.
2. nuclear island negative excavation ring corridor presplit blasting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described the 4th step, plug depth 1.2 ± 0.2m is reserved in the aperture, with pack into the explosive cartridge of 2L/7 hole depth length of the degree of packing of 1 ± 0.1kg/m, strengthens the powder charge section at the bottom of constituting the hole; With the degree of packing of the 0.2 ± 0.05kg/m L/7 hole depth length explosive cartridge of packing into, constitute the top, hole and weaken the powder charge section; Remainder constitutes normal charge section in the hole with the degree of packing of the 0.4 ± 0.5g/m explosive cartridge of packing into.
3. nuclear island negative excavation ring corridor presplit blasting method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: in described second step, be spaced apart 0.6 ± 0.05m, the aperture is 76 ± 4mm, and hadal depth is 0.5m.
4. nuclear island negative excavation ring corridor presplit blasting method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: in described the 3rd step, cushion thickness is 300 ± 50mm.
5. nuclear island negative excavation ring corridor presplit blasting method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: in the described first step, reserving retaining layer thickness is 1 ± 0.15m.
6. nuclear island negative excavation ring corridor presplit blasting method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: in described the 4th step, explosive cartridge is the emulsion volume of the not coefficient of coup 2.4 ± 0.2, and colligation is on primacord.
7. nuclear island negative excavation ring corridor presplit blasting method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: in described the 5th step, the aperture is covered on explosive column with loose materials before stopping up.
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| CN101845829A (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2010-09-29 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | Automatic monitoring and warning system for nuclear power plant concrete structure sediment |
| CN103216264A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-07-24 | 安徽理工大学 | Method for controlling deformation of surrounding rock of basic rimrock layer on presplitting blasting mining roadway |
| CN103267455A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-28 | 武汉大学 | Dam foundation one-step forming drilling blasting method by combining energy dissipation and energy collection of blast hole bottom |
| CN105674826A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-15 | 上海斯耐迪工程咨询有限公司 | Method for reducing influence of blast vibration on bed rock of base plate of nuclear island |
| CN110057257A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-26 | 中南大学 | Hard rock tunnel photoface exploision light blast hole is without primacord without bamboo chip three-stage charge constitution and loading method |
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| CN101845829A (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2010-09-29 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | Automatic monitoring and warning system for nuclear power plant concrete structure sediment |
| CN101845829B (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2011-08-24 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | Automatic monitoring and warning system for nuclear power plant concrete structure sediment |
| CN103216264A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-07-24 | 安徽理工大学 | Method for controlling deformation of surrounding rock of basic rimrock layer on presplitting blasting mining roadway |
| CN103267455A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-28 | 武汉大学 | Dam foundation one-step forming drilling blasting method by combining energy dissipation and energy collection of blast hole bottom |
| CN103267455B (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2015-04-01 | 武汉大学 | Dam foundation one-step forming drilling blasting method by combining energy dissipation and energy collection of blast hole bottom |
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| CN105674826A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-15 | 上海斯耐迪工程咨询有限公司 | Method for reducing influence of blast vibration on bed rock of base plate of nuclear island |
| CN110057257A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-26 | 中南大学 | Hard rock tunnel photoface exploision light blast hole is without primacord without bamboo chip three-stage charge constitution and loading method |
| CN110057257B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2021-07-16 | 中南大学 | Smooth blasting explosive-free detonating cord-free bamboo chip-free three-section type charging structure and charging method for hard rock tunnel |
| CN110671983A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-01-10 | 中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司 | Presplitting blasting combined charging structure and method |
| CN110823030A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-21 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for protecting rear rock mass by large-scale blasting of strip mine |
| CN115388723A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-11-25 | 核工业南京建设集团有限公司 | Large-section cave blasting structure and blasting method |
| CN115388723B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2024-06-14 | 核工业南京建设集团有限公司 | Large-section cave blasting structure and blasting method |
| CN114279282A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-04-05 | 山西焦煤集团化工有限责任公司 | Large-diameter deep hole blasting method suitable for coal mine collapse column |
| CN114018112A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-02-08 | 中国核工业第二二建设有限公司 | Nuclear island and corridor foundation pit negative excavation blasting structure and blasting method |
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