CN101368103A - Soil conditioner for preventing and controlling azotate pollution of facilities vegetable and method of producing the same - Google Patents
Soil conditioner for preventing and controlling azotate pollution of facilities vegetable and method of producing the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101368103A CN101368103A CNA2007100124714A CN200710012471A CN101368103A CN 101368103 A CN101368103 A CN 101368103A CN A2007100124714 A CNA2007100124714 A CN A2007100124714A CN 200710012471 A CN200710012471 A CN 200710012471A CN 101368103 A CN101368103 A CN 101368103A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a soil conditioner, in particular to a soil conditioner for conditioning the polluted soil by the nitrate in greenhouse vegetable, and a preparing method thereof, which solves the problems that the content of the nitrate in vegetable is higher. The soil conditioner comprises the following materials according to the weight percentage: 1.0 to 2.0 percent of nitrification inhibitor cyanamide dimmer (DCD), 1.0 to 2.0 percent of 3,4-dimethyl pyridine phosphate (DMPP), 45 to 52 percent of natural zeolite, and 45 to 52 percent of lignite calculated. The preparing method for soil conditioner comprises the following steps: the nitrification inhibitor DCD, DMPP and the natural zeolite powder are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is mixed with the lignite and sufficiently stirred, and prepared into the soil conditioner after being uniformly mixed. The soil conditioner and the preparing method have the advantages that the method is simple, the soil conditioner is pollution-free, the content of the nitrate in the greenhouse vegetable can be remarkably reduced, the soil physical and chemical characteristics can be improved, the content of the nitrate in the vegetable can be reduced, and the product quality of the greenhouse vegetable can be enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil conditioner, be specially soil conditioner of a kind of prevention and control facilities vegetable azotate pollution and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The China's Vegetable cultivated area is 1,970 ten thousand hectares, and wherein the facilities vegetable cultivated area reaches 2,500,000 hectares, accounts for more than 80% of world's facilities vegetable total area.The intensive vegetable filed azotate pollution problem of China is more serious, has directly influenced vegetables safety in production and food safety.
Compared with developed countries, the field of vegetables of China, particularly intensive vegetable filed characteristics with following uniqueness: the one, the soil utilizes the intensity height, the usage frequency height, the multiple crop index height, planting density is big.Intensive vegetable filed recycle does not have time out substantially; The 2nd, fertilizer amount is big, be chemical fertilizer or fertilizer all considerably beyond the crop requirement, nitrogenous fertilizer is excessive, and to use phenomenon very general.As the intensive vegetable filed annual per hectare of Liaoning Area execute the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed up to 80 tons, chemical fertilizer is up to 4000 kilograms; The 3rd, soil secondary salinization, the soil-borne disease that high temperature, high humidity, sealing or semiclosed environment cause is serious etc.In soil soluble salt ion, nitrate ion accounts for 10-30%.The direct result of China's field of vegetables high strength utilization, a large amount fertilising is field of vegetables sustainable use ability drop, vegetable products downgrade, and especially nitrate content exceeds standard.
Vegetables are easy to enrichment nitrate as the nitrophilous crop.Nitrate can be transformed into deleterious nitrite after entering human body in human body, thereby causes methemoglobinemia, the serious harm HUMAN HEALTH.Nitrite also can react with the secondary amine in other food, pharmaceuticals, the remains of pesticide composition, forms powerful carcinogens---nitrosamine in Digestive tract, thereby brings out the digestion pathology.Excessive absorption nitrate of baby and particular individual or nitrite, serious meeting cause and be short of breath, shake tremble, rhythm of the heart difficulty, even suffocate.The standard that Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO (FAO) formulates is: the Safety and allowable amount of nitrate and nitrite picked-up is respectively every kg body weight 0-3.7 every day milligram (in nitrate) and 0-0.06 milligram (in nitrite), and tap water nitrate nitrogen content is no more than 10 milligrams every liter.
Have investigation to show, the human nitrate 72-94% that absorbs derives from vegetables, and why vegetables can accumulate nitrate, causes the vegetables over-drastic to absorb thereby major cause is the accumulation of a large amount of nitrate in the soil.Compared with developed countries, China's Nitrate in Vegetable problem that exceeds standard is outstanding relatively.Cause China's Nitrate in Vegetable main reason of high to have: (1) nitrogen application is excessive.(2) long-term nitrogen fertilizer application partially, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition imbalance.(3) collection period is unreasonable.The listing of being eager to gather after topdressing, watering, then nitrate is accumulated in vegetables too much.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of technology is simple, raw material is sufficient, with low cost, improved effect significantly utilizes nitrification inhibitor Dyhard RU 100 (DCD) and 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt (DMPP), natural zeolite, brown coal are main raw material, be used for soil conditioner of prevention and control facilities vegetable azotate pollution and preparation method thereof, solve problems such as Nitrate in Vegetable is higher.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of soil conditioner of prevention and control facilities vegetable azotate pollution, main raw material by weight percentage, nitrification inhibitor Dyhard RU 100 (DCD) 1.0-2.0%, 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt (DMPP) 1.0-2.0%, natural zeolite 45-52%, brown coal 45-52%.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner of above-mentioned prevention and control facilities vegetable azotate pollution mixes nitrification inhibitor DCD, DMPP and zeolite powder earlier, mixture is mixed with brown coal again, fully stirs, and after mixing, makes soil conditioner.
The present invention utilizes nitrification inhibitor Dyhard RU 100 (DCD) and 3, and 4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt (DMPP) can suppress the conversion of soil ammonium-state to nitric nitrogen, reduces the concentration of nitrate in the soil, thereby can reduce the content of vegetable nitrate.
Ammonium sorbent material natural zeolite also is a kind of favourable absorption agent of facilities vegetable nitrate prevention and control.Natural zeolite is the aluminium silicate mineral of a kind of aqueous calcium, sodium and barium, potassium.Have the character that exchanges with other positively charged ions in the aqueous solution, the zeolite crystal structure after the exchange is not destroyed, just makes the electric field, specific surface area etc. of crystalline structure inside that certain variation take place by ion-exchange.Constitute a large amount of holes of natural zeolite crystalline and passage, make zeolite have very bigger serface, in addition specific molecule structure and the big electrostatic attraction that forms makes zeolite that sizable stress field be arranged.When in a single day the hole and the passage of zeolite inside had " vacancy ", zeolite will show extremely strong adsorptive power, but active adsorption ammonium ion, nitrate radical etc.China's zeolite resource is abundant, and aspect agricultural use, natural zeolite is a kind of good soil improvement agent.
In addition, fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are used, nitrogen phosphorus potassium balance fertilising also can significantly reduce nitrate salts content of vegetable.As brown coal are a kind of fine organic materialss, and there is abundant lignite resource in China, and reserves are approximately 1,430 hundred million tons, account for more than 17% in the coal in China total amount.Brown coal reserves with northeast, the Inner Mongol and adjoining area, three provinces in the northeast of China serve as at most, reach 46,900,000,000 tons, and brown coal are a kind of fine soil improvement agent raw materials.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. technology of the present invention is simple, pollution-free, implements easily, not only is fit to batch production production, also is fit to individual producer and produces.
2. raw material abundance of the present invention, used main raw material is cheap, and the market value of brown coal per ton is about 100 yuan, and fertilizer additive is a 300-500 unit with natural zeolite market value per ton.
3. the composition of raw materials among the present invention is reasonable, and every kind of raw material all has distinctive effect: selected pair of cyanogen ammonium (DCD) and 3 among (1) the present invention, 4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt (DMPP) all become ideal nitrogen inhibitor with characteristics such as its noresidue, easy decomposition.The effect of nitrification inhibitor is the nitrogen that enters in the soil to be kept in the soil or by crop with the form of ammonium ion more absorb.(2) brown coal contain higher humic acids, can provide organic nutrient for plant-growth, and can effectively reduce the soil weight, improve air permeability, water-permeable and the water-retentivity of soil, can effectively prevent nitrate leaching migration in the soil, polluted underground water; (3) natural zeolite has very strong ion-exchange and ion adsorption capacity, but active adsorption ammonium ion, nitrate radical and other positively charged ions, effectively improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer, improve soil base exchange capacity 10-15%, in and protected horticultural vegetable field soil in acidity, making in the soil obviously increases greater than 0.25 millimeter coacervate content.
4. inorganics mixes with the organic materials brown coal among the present invention, can play the slow combination of nutrition speed, and nutritive ingredient slowly discharges in the chemical fertilizer, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, the corresponding input that reduces chemical fertilizer.
5. the present invention is nitrification inhibitor, ion adsorbent, organic blender mating type soil conditioner, can effectively suppress the oxidation of ammonium ion in fertilizer and the soil system, reduce nitrate content in the soil, promote vegetables absorbing to ammonium ion, can directly improve soil physical and chemical property, improve fertility.
6. the present invention can significantly reduce nitrate salts content of vegetable, significantly improves the facilities vegetable product quality.
Embodiment
Among the present invention, nitrification inhibitor Dyhard RU 100 (DCD) is the commercially available prod.Claim Dicyanodiamide or dicyanodiamide again, molecular formula is C
2H
4N
4, molecular weight 84.08, white crystal, relative density 1.40, fusing point 207-212 ℃ of water-soluble and ethanol is slightly soluble in ether and benzene.Stable performance when dry, not flammable.The commercially available prod is by weight percentage: Dyhard RU 100 98.0-99.7%, and moisture 0.2-0.6%, ash content 0.02-0.20%, surplus is an impurity.Domestic have more than 30 these products of tame manufacturer production such as Ningxia Darong Chemical and Metallurgy Co., Ltd., Zibo Lu Ze chemical industry company limited, Shijiazhuang City belt bioid factory.
Among the present invention, 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt (DMPP) is the commercially available prod, is the new nitrification of being developed by German COMPO company, in the sale agent producer of China the Guangxi how tame shipping agencies such as Agricultural Materials Company, Xingtai City Weiyuan, Hebei province means of agricultural production company limited that newly win is arranged at present.
Among the present invention, brown coal adopt the product of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Huolin Gol Coal Production, and its main weight is composed as follows: carbon containing 70-80%, hydrogen 5-6%, nitrogen and oxygen 15-25%.
Among the present invention, zeolite powder is the commercially available prod that natural zeolite is crossed the 60-100 mesh sieve after crushed, the main chemical compositions of natural zeolite powder is by weight percentage: silicon-dioxide 64-69%, titanium dioxide 0.08-0.13%, aluminium sesquioxide 12-13%, ferric oxide 0.8-1.5%, magnesium oxide 0.1-1.2%, calcium oxide 1.7-3.6%, sodium oxide 0.3-2.6%, potassium oxide 1.1-3.0%, surplus is an impurity.Physical and chemical index reaches following standard: ammonium exchange capacity 1000-2000 mmole/kilogram, pH value 7.2-9.0.
Embodiment 1
With 1.5 kilograms of nitrification inhibitor Dyhard RU 100s (DCD), 3,1.5 kilograms of 4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt (DMPP), cross 45 kilograms of 60 mesh sieve natural zeolite powders, 52 kilograms in brown coal mix nitrification inhibitor DCD, DMPP and zeolite powder earlier, again mixture is mixed with brown coal, fully stir, after mixing, make soil conditioner.
Embodiment 2-9
Difference from Example 1 is proportion of raw materials difference (seeing Table 1) to some extent, and the preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Table 1
| Numbering | DCD (kilogram) | DMPP (kilogram) | Natural zeolite (kilogram) | Brown coal (kilogram) |
| 2 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 48.5 | 48.5 |
| 3 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 52 | 45 |
| 4 | 1 | 2 | 45 | 52 |
| 5 | 1 | 2 | 48.5 | 48.5 |
| 6 | 1 | 2 | 52 | 45 |
| 7 | 2 | 1 | 45 | 52 |
| 8 | 2 | 1 | 48.5 | 48.5 |
| 9 | 2 | 1 | 52 | 45 |
Application examples 1
Selecting the ShenYang, Liaoning Province suburban area is 3 of the facilities vegetable booths in 8 years working life, establishes totally 12 of 4 meters * 6 meters sub-districts for every, and test being provided with 4 processing, wherein 31 is contrast in order to apply the amendment among the embodiment 1, each is handled 3 times and repeats.Evenly apply 2 square metres of chicken manures that become thoroughly decomposed according to per 667 square metres, chemical fertilizer is Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (nitrogenous, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide are 15%), test in the processing by applying amendment dosage difference, corresponding minimizing Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium consumption 10%, 15% and 20%.Plant celery 10 the end of month, all gather in the crops after 110 days, require routinely to carry out the management of water, gas, agricultural chemicals, get the celery cauline leaf and measure nitrate content, fetch earth, measure the soil nitrate nitrogen content in each sub-district.Test handles and the results are shown in Table 2 and table 3.
Table 2 test is handled and the vegetable crop contrast
Table 3 applies soil conditioner and handles celery nitrate content and the contrast of Soil Nitrate content
Test-results shows, uses this amendment the nitrate content for examination vegetables edible part is had good prevention and control effect.Use 50 kilograms, 75 kilograms and double centner embodiment 1 amendment for per 667 square metres, subtracting respectively to fertilize under the consumption 10%, 15% and 20% condition, vegetable crop is no significant difference compared with the control, and the nitrate content (in nitrate radical content) that can reduce vegetables edible part respectively is 24.10%, 28.84% and 34.10%.After using amendment, Soil Nitrate content significantly descends, and each is handled the soil nitrate nitrogen content and compares respectively according to descending 30.29%, 36.68% and 46.27%.
Claims (3)
1. the soil conditioner of a prevention and control facilities vegetable azotate pollution is characterized in that: the amendment main raw material by weight percentage, nitrification inhibitor Dyhard RU 100 1.0-2.0%, 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt 1.0-2.0%, natural zeolite 45-52%, brown coal 45-52%.
2. the preparation method of the soil conditioner of prevention and control facilities vegetable azotate pollution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: utilize nitrification inhibitor Dyhard RU 100 and 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt, natural zeolite powder, brown coal are raw material, earlier with nitrification inhibitor Dyhard RU 100,3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt and natural zeolite powder mix, and mixture are mixed with brown coal again, fully stir, after mixing, make soil conditioner.
3. according to the soil conditioner of the described prevention and control facilities vegetable of claim 1 azotate pollution, it is characterized in that: described natural zeolite powder granularity is the 60-100 order.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2007100124714A CN101368103A (en) | 2007-08-15 | 2007-08-15 | Soil conditioner for preventing and controlling azotate pollution of facilities vegetable and method of producing the same |
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| CNA2007100124714A CN101368103A (en) | 2007-08-15 | 2007-08-15 | Soil conditioner for preventing and controlling azotate pollution of facilities vegetable and method of producing the same |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101941854A (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2011-01-12 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Greenhouse vegetable soil conditioner compatible with CO2 fertilizer application and preparation method thereof |
| CN102199062A (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2011-09-28 | 任丽仙 | Biological organic fertilizer for preventing soil salinization of protected land and preparation method thereof |
| CN102745871A (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2012-10-24 | 吴洪生 | Greenhouse gas emission reduction agent as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102775249A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2012-11-14 | 昆明环资农业科技有限公司 | Soil conditioner for facility agriculture planting |
| CN103183566A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-03 | 烟台斯维德生物技术有限公司 | Preparation method of environmental-friendly fertilizer |
| CN103553848A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-02-05 | 西南大学 | Novel use of birnessite used as nitrification inhibitor and preparation method of birnessite |
| CN104813875A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-05 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for killing phytophthora capsici by dimethylpyrazol phosphate (DMPP) enhanced ammonium nitrogen |
-
2007
- 2007-08-15 CN CNA2007100124714A patent/CN101368103A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101941854A (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2011-01-12 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Greenhouse vegetable soil conditioner compatible with CO2 fertilizer application and preparation method thereof |
| CN101941854B (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2012-08-22 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Greenhouse vegetable soil conditioner compatible with CO2 fertilizer application and preparation method thereof |
| CN102199062A (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2011-09-28 | 任丽仙 | Biological organic fertilizer for preventing soil salinization of protected land and preparation method thereof |
| CN102745871A (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2012-10-24 | 吴洪生 | Greenhouse gas emission reduction agent as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102775249A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2012-11-14 | 昆明环资农业科技有限公司 | Soil conditioner for facility agriculture planting |
| CN103183566A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-03 | 烟台斯维德生物技术有限公司 | Preparation method of environmental-friendly fertilizer |
| CN103553848A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-02-05 | 西南大学 | Novel use of birnessite used as nitrification inhibitor and preparation method of birnessite |
| CN104813875A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-05 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for killing phytophthora capsici by dimethylpyrazol phosphate (DMPP) enhanced ammonium nitrogen |
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Open date: 20090218 |