CN101352133A

CN101352133A - Spatter type vegetable soilless culture bed and cultivation method

Info

Publication number: CN101352133A
Application number: CNA2007101289184A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡兆巨
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-07-26
Filing date: 2007-07-26
Publication date: 2009-01-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a spraying type soilless culture vegetable bed and a culturing method thereof. The invention relates to an agricultural culture technology, in particular to a soilless vegetable culturing technology. The invention aims at solving the problems of energy conservation, consumption reduction and production and effect increase, and the like, in the process of soilless vegetable culturing in the reality. The spraying type soilless culture vegetable bed and the culturing method thereof can carry out both monolayer culture and multilayer culture and adopt a mechanical spraying and liquid feeding mode, the temperature can be adjusted by a solar water heater, the illumination can be adjusted by a fluorescent light and various situations in the vegetable growing process can be monitored by a computer.

Description

Spatter type vegetable soilless culture bed and cultivation method

(technical field)

The present invention relates to agriculture cultivation technology, particularly the technology of vegetable soilless culture.

(technical background)

The vegetable soilless culture technology is one of main direction of world's facilities horticulture research and development in the last hundred years, is the mode of production that the culturing vegetable technology is most advanced, capital is the most intensive, also is to develop the economy and save the effective way in arable land.Advanced country has entered the penetration and promotion stage on the our times.China is along with the deep development of reform and opening-up in recent years, and party to the inclination of agricultural policy with foster, there has been very big progress and development the vegetable soilless culture aspect.

Liu Zengxin writes according to " special vegetable soilless culture ", Beijing, Chinese agriculture publishing house 1999.11 described " DFT " solution culture facilities, be that external solution culture facilities is introduced, absorbed, digests at Vegetable Research center, Beijing, and develop " DFT " water culture technology in conjunction with the present economic level of China, this facility by nutrition liquid bath, cultivation bed, add liquid systems, drainage system, the circulatory system five parts and form.

(1) nutrition liquid bath: the nutrition liquid bath is used for storing nutrient solution, and general production upward is built into groove with brick and cement, places underground.

(2) cultivation bed: the cultivation bed is the main part of solution culture facilities, and the water planting bed of Vegetable Research center, Beijing exploitation does not have bedstead, directly drops on the ground, and by ground supports, the cultivation bed is made up of bed body and cultivation plate two parts.

(3) liquid dispensing apparatus: add, drainage system, the circulatory system is by water pump, and liquid feeding is responsible for, and liquid-feeding tube three parts are formed.Be used for vegetables root pouring feed liquid way.

By above-mentioned situation, if by the Scientific Outlook on Development, establish the requirement of economizing type harmonious society, present vegetable soilless culture technology on cultivating facility and the cultivation method, also has certain limitation again, as cultivate bed, the nutrition liquid bath does not also break away from ground, adds, discharge opeing, the circulatory system be more loaded down with trivial details again.Therefore, the present invention improves to some extent and innovates aspect the facility and cultivation method of vegetable soilless culture.

(summary of the invention)

Purpose of the present invention: use the present invention and save energy and reduce the cost in the vegetable soilless culture process of growth as far as possible, scientific management is increased production and improved productivity, and produces more high-quality pollution-free food, to satisfy the needs of people's lives.

To achieve these goals, " spatter type vegetable soilless culture bed and cultivation method " of the present invention, be by metal bed frame and polystyrene foam groove, foam cultivation plate, be assembled into single or multiple lift cultivation bed, this cultivation bed is provided with machinery and sprays liquid feed device, solar water heater register, fluorescent lamp is regulated illumination apparatus, computer probe monitors device.Below explanation respectively.

(1) soilless culture bed: the soilless culture bed great majority in the reality are built on the ground with materials such as brick, cement, therefore saving the area, and scientific management, increasing production and improying productivity all has certain difficulty.The present invention adopts metal side tube to make bedstead, makes single or multiple lift cultivation bedstead as required.The high sunken bed of using in bedstead shape and the actual life is basic identical, and specification quantity is decided according to room temperature or booth scale.Use plywood, materials such as polystyrene foam groove and foam cultivation plate are formed cultivation bed body.The bed body is fixed on the bedstead, and its advantage is that material is easy to get, body is light, insulation, movable, and the cultivation bed damages, and recyclablely utilizes again, and is pollution-free, makes full use of the space, as can be on the roof, the water surface, sandy beach, steamer, culturing vegetable is located to carry out in islands etc.Can save a large amount of arable lands.

(2) spray liquid feed device.Soilless culture feed liquid way in the reality is in the cultivation bed vegetables root to be watered by pipeline with water pump.Therefore, difficult for the nutrient solution retrieval management, vegetables are relatively poor to business liquid assimilation effect.The present invention adopts the spray-type feed flow, be on each layer cultivation bed, install spraying nozzle several, connect feed flow plastic cement pipe and mechanical atomizer, the needs of vegetable growth in batches, regularly, quantitatively spray nutrient solution.Can help the comprehensive absorption of the root, stem, leaf of vegetables like this, promote the quick growth of vegetables, also can save nutrient solution and water source nutrient solution.

(3) solar water heater register.The required proper temperature of vegetable growth is very important, northern China particularly, winter cold, the sweltering heat in summer.Present no culturing vegetable still relies on the natural temperature of temperature for the adjusting of temperature.The heating system that adopts heating wire, air-conditioning, coal, natural gas is arranged.Too high also being difficult to of product cost controlled, also wasted resource.What the present invention adopted is in the cultivation bed, just lay soft plastic temperature adjustment water pipe in the polystyrene foam groove, be connected on the insulation water receptacle and in water receptacle, allocate with solar water and running water or underground water, the required optimum temperature of preparation vegetable growth, can reduce temperature summer with running water or underground water, can promote that like this vegetables grow fast, produces all the year round, also can energy savings, reduce cost.

(4) illumination adjusting device: the present invention is because the employing multilayer that has cultivation bed, therefore the vegetables in can causing, in lower floor's cultivation bed are because of the illumination deficiency, the influence growth, for this reason in, on lower floor's cultivation bed surface, just on the plywood of last, bottom surface, middle level, fluorescent lamp is installed, in about 1.2 square metres, 2 40W fluorescent lamps are installed relatively, and light application time is decided according to the vegetable growth situation.Can improve vegetables quality like this, increase output.

(5) computer probe monitors device: for scientific management, reduce labor intensity, avoid or reduce the movable number of times of people in green house, just prevent the chance that virus infects vegetables.The present invention needs 1 of mobilizable probe is installed in green house, is used for grasping at any time the vegetable growth situation.Also need in addition on representational cultivation bed, (to refer to the vegetables or the beginning of cultivation time of certain kind), also need to install probe.Operating personnel can monitor in Control Room in the vegetable soilless culture process of growth at any time like this, situations such as feed flow, temperature, illumination adjusting, the management of gathering.Can realize the industrialized production in agriculture management.Also can attract the more acquainted young vegetable soilless culture industry that adds.

[description of drawings]

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.Wherein:

Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of first embodiment of spray-type soilless culture bedstead of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is wherein one deck cultivation bed accessory body embodiment cutaway view of spray-type soilless culture bed of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a green house soilless culture bed floor plan.

[embodiment]

Shown in Figure 1 spatter type vegetable soilless culture bed, be to be connected and fixed with bolt by metal side tube bedstead (1) and metal side tube crossbeam (2).With screw plywood (3) is fixed on metal bed frame (1) and the metal side tube crossbeam (2) again, with two-sided tape or sandwich rubber polystyrene foam groove (4) is stained with and is connected on the plywood (3).Spraying transfusion plastic cement pipe (5) is connected with spraying nozzle pipe (7).Spray end that connects the spraying nozzle pipe in a side that transfusion plastic cement pipe (5) is fixed on soilless culture bedstead (1), the other end connects mechanical atomizer, and each layer jet pipe all has switch.Spraying nozzle pipe (7) is fixed on the top of each layer cultivation bed, also on the plywood (3) with regard to last middle level bed surface bottom.

Temperature adjustment plastic cement water-supply-pipe (6) is fixed on the side of metal side tube bedstead (1) too, and an end of temperature adjustment plastic cement water-supply-pipe (6) connects on the soft plastic temperature adjustment water pipe (12), and the other end connects temperature adjustment water receptacle, not switch.Soft plastic temperature adjustment water pipe (12) should by temperature adjustment advance hole (8) and temperature adjustment portal (9) be laid on bottom in the polystyrene foam groove (4).

Fig. 2 has provided wherein one deck cultivation bed surface embodiment cutaway view, polystyrene cultivation plate (11) to lie in soft plastic temperature adjustment water pipe (12) in the polystyrene foam groove (4) above.Can not seep water in bottom surface in polystyrene foam groove (4) and will spread the plastic film (13) of one deck 0.15mm all around and be stained with the jail with glue.

Fluorescent lamp (10) is installed in down, the top of middle cultivation bed, just goes up, the bottom plywood (3) of middle level cultivation bed surface goes up generally per 1.2 square metres of cultivation bed surfaces relatively by 2 40W fluorescent lamps and establish switch.

Fig. 3 green house soilless culture bed floor plan, this figure content is more, does not elaborate, only with its basic purposes simple declaration.Control Room (1) is to be used for the feed flow that computer monitors control vegetable soilless culture growth overall process, and illumination is regulated in temperature adjustment, situation such as gather.And be used for office, item such as change one's clothes.Medicine stores allotment chamber (2) and is mainly used in the classification storage of pharmaceutical.Nutrient solution allotment chamber (3) is mainly used in the allotment nutrient solution, places water pump, mechanical atomizer, nutrient solution container are installed.Cultivation bed (4) is cultivated all kinds of vegetables as required.Each chamber of passage of passageway (5) operator communicates.The chamber of gathering is that (6) are detected the product of gathering, or cleans, and packer's bay (7) qualified products are packed immediately.Holding room (8) stores finished product.

Claims

1. spatter type vegetable soilless culture bed and cultivation method, this bed is by metal bed frame, and plywood and polystyrene foam groove are formed, and this bed also is provided with machinery and sprays feed flow, solar water heater temperature adjustment, fluorescent lamp adjusting illumination and computer probe monitors device.It is characterized in that: metal side tube bedstead (1) and metal side tube crossbeam (2) are assembled into the single or multiple lift bedstead, use the assembling of plywood (3) polystyrene foam groove (4) and polystyrene foam plate (11) to be fixed on the metal bed frame (1) again.Be made into vegetable soilless culture bed.

2. vegetable soilless culture bed and cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this bed is provided with machinery and sprays liquid feed device, be to be fixed on the side of metal side tube bedstead (1) with spraying transfusion plastic cement pipe (5), one end connects on the spraying nozzle pipe (7) that is located at the cultivation bed surface top, the other end connects on the mechanical atomizer, in batches, regularly, quantitatively sprays feed flow.

3. spatter type vegetable soilless culture bed and cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this bed is provided with the solar water heater register, temperature adjustment plastic cement water pipe (6) is fixed on the side of metal side tube bedstead (1), be fixed on the same side with sprinkling transfusion plastic cement water pipe (5), one end of temperature adjustment plastic cement water pipe (6) connects the soft temperature adjustment plastic cement water pipe (12) that is laid in the polystyrene foam groove (4), and the other end connects the insulation water receptacle.Be used for controlling the temperature that the vegetable growth process is adapted to.

4. spatter type vegetable soilless culture bed and cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this bed is provided with fluorescent lamp and regulates illumination apparatus, in, above lower floor's cultivation bed surface, just on the bottom plywood (3) of last layer bed surface, 2 40W fluorescent lamps (10) are installed relatively in per 1.2 square metres and are regularly regulated illumination according to the needs of culturing vegetable.

5. according to the described spatter type vegetable soilless culture bed and cultivation method of claim 1, its feature also is: in this bed on the representational cultivation bed surface, 1 of computer monitor probe is installed, 1 of mobilizable probe is installed in green house, be used for monitoring control vegetable soilless culture process, feed flow, temperature, illumination, situation such as gather.