Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is just at the existing in prior technology technological deficiency, proposes that a kind of environmental protection and energy saving, turf establishment quality height, degree of beautifying are good, wide accommodation, is convenient to the kind method for planting of the novel non-substrate grass blanket of maintenance management.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme to be achieved:
A kind of kind method for planting of novel non-substrate grass blanket, it comprises following process:
(1), selection: choose Guangdong and select No. 1 creeping bentgrass to make seedling;
(2), the level ground bed handles, and comprises following process:
A, drain ditch: will plant land used and be divided into one every mu, and make every ground to form that to show drainage grade definitely be 2%-4%, and around excavate the open drain, ditch depth 15-25cm, width 15-25cm, main drain ditch depth are 35-60cm, width is 50-100cm;
Fumigate in b, place: with 98% Brom-O-Gas liquid gas 76.5-102g/m
2, stifling 48 hours, ventilated again 7-10 days, sow then;
C, shop sand: after stifling, leveling soil is divided into 4 with whole place, digs shallow gully and divides, and the natural drainage on every ground all flows to a limit, sand in the shop behind the appropriate compacting, and thickness is 10cm;
D, basal dressing: be the fast quick-recovery growth of the grass that makes planting, before kind, execute phosphorous higher, nitrogen is moderate, potassium is lower slow action fertilizer, evenly intersect with the centrifugal tumbrel of hand push again and spread fertilizer over the fields twice, to harrow husky machine band one latticed iron net drag harrow number time, fertilizer is mixed on 1-3cm top layer and sand;
(3), grass planting: to the level ground bed spray water of precoating, evenly spread the grass planting rhizome before the grass planting, and adopt and cover husky machine and cover sand, its degree of depth is advisable to cover grass blade and to have part to expose, and rewaters, and adopts the cylinder roll extrusion then;
(4), field management, comprising:
A, water: with the drizzle Fine spray shower nozzle nursery planting district is sprayed, beginning is watered 3-5 time every day, reduces the number of times that waters after grass begins germinating growth, and the water yield is watered in increasing;
B, fertilising: grow to 1-2cm at the new root of turfgrass, when sprouting sprouted 0.2-1.0cm, 7-15d fertilising regularly once based on the quick-acting fertilizer of high nitrogen, high phosphorus, low potassium, was watered after each fertilising;
C, pruning: prune behind the Cheng Ping of lawn, highly can be controlled in 6-40mm, and carry out the weeds extermination of disease and insect pest;
D, when the meadow green cover degree reaches more than 95%, face of land stolon can be used for careless blanket production when becoming blanket thickness 2-5mm;
(5), the lawn secondary becomes blanket: comprise following process
A, stroke grass: by actual required width, utilize the artificial chaffcutter of blade, length is the grown place block length, is stubble plough cutter wide cut as draft then careless blanket width with stubble plough;
B, draft: with stubble plough or dull and stereotyped shovel turf is tripped out, thickness with together with face of land stolon interior 5-10mm and careless blanket not cracky be advisable;
C, roll up careless blanket: turf is rolled, and length is 2-5m;
D, secondary grass planting: grass planting on original nursery or the cement flooring that sets in advance, the bed roll extrusion of original level ground is smooth, form the 2%-4% drainage grade, spread plastic film, evenly lay careless blanket again, or on the cement flooring the direct careless blanket of laying;
E, careless blanket maintenance: when newborn root system grows to 5-10mm, water 5 ‰ Norway composite fertilizers, every month fertilizer amount 20g/m
2, and careless blanket pruned in good time, employing is drafted---and cloth symphysis motivation tool is once finished the work of secondary grass planting, and it is 5-10mm that its face of land stolon becomes blanket thickness;
(6), careless blanket finished product: when the newborn root system flocculation of creeping bentgrass thickness reaches 2-5mm, can go out the garden.
Further measure of the present invention is:
The described field management of step (4) comprises that also the shop is husky, human factor during to planting, water uneven form wash away, the excessive little den that the bump of soil surface is caused of water droplet mends sand, and is smooth to guarantee the level ground bed, utilizes cylinder every roll extrusion in 15 days once again.
After the described lawn of step (5) secondary becomes blanket also to be included in to draft, manually scrape the weeding blanket back side, to remove matrix with giant flushing or blade.
It is strong that the present invention plants the careless blanket application that method for planting produces, and can be used for technical fields such as interior decoration, square layout, exhibitions layout, balcony decoration, roof and garden decorations, outdoor sculpture pedestal decoration.But in management, should note spraying in good time or watering, suitably drench and execute liquid manure and in time prune, can prolong the careless blanket operating period more than indoor careless blanket solar irradiation on the daytime 2h.
Guangdong selects No. 1 creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.cv.Yuexuan No.1) to compare with creeping bentgrass kind Penncross, and have following technical advantage: (1) green period extends to the whole year.(2) the short compactness of plant, green turf density reaches 38-75 ten thousand strains/m
2(3) high temperature resistant, enlarge creeping bentgrass and belonged to the turfgrass scope of application.(4) random thoughts coin pinta, brown spot, rotten mould fusarium wilt and the mould fusarium wilt of curved spore.Compare with hybrid bermuda, advantage is mainly reflected in: (1) is cold-resistant, adapts to Yangtze river basin winter severe cold, and is evergreen.(2) anti-the moon reaches 30% degree of sheltering from heat or light.(3) anti-low cutting, green turf can hang down and cut to 3mm spring.(4) turf quality height, ultimate attainment close.(5) the maintenance management expense is low, as fertilizer amount be about Bermuda grass 1/3, pesticide dosage maintains an equal level, need not to hand over winter and broadcast energy-saving and environmental protecting.
It below is the cultivation research basic document that No. 1 creeping bentgrass is selected in Guangdong.
1. No. 1 creeping bentgrass turf quality (seeing the following form 1) is selected in Guangdong
Table 1 Guangdong select No. 1 with turf quality after former kind Penncross becomes the level ground relatively (branch)
The level ground that No. 1 lawn is selected in Guangdong with index density, color, disease resistance and more aspect such as Xia Xing all to obviously be better than former kind Penncross.Guangdong is selected and can be formed very fine and close lawn for No. 1, and according to test observation, green turf density can reach 15~26 and tiller/cm
2, the density of common greening lawn also can reach 8~17 and tiller/cm
2, having the self-sow height simultaneously, short (3~16cm), comprehensive level ground is with characteristics such as proterties are good.
2. the annual growth rate of creeping bentgrass is selected in Guangdong No. 1
As Fig. 1, creeping bentgrass Guangdong is selected No. 1 and former kind Penncross turfgrass stolon growth rate was accelerated gradually since January, maximum appearred to April, after entering May, along with raising gradually of temperature is the trend of now inciting somebody to action again, occur ascendant trend since September again, occur downward trend October once more.From the growth rate of crawling of two kinds of turfgrasss, Guangdong selects the stolon growth rate of No. 1 creeping bentgrass will significantly be lower than former kind (p<0.05).
As Fig. 2, the vertical growth speed of two kinds of turfgrasss from figure, during 1-3 month, the vertical growth speed of two kinds of turfgrasss is all very fast relatively, but Guangdong selects No. 1 vertical growth speed also obviously will be lower than the Penncross kind.Along with the rising of temperature, the vertical growth speed of two kinds of grass also obviously presents downward trend, and the growth rate with Penncross descends obviously especially.And 6-8 month creeping bentgrass Guangdong selects No. 1 vertical growth speed to be significantly higher than former kind (p<0.05) again.Summer in 2005, lawn toothing 6mm in No. 1 creeping bentgrass campus is selected in Guangdong, and surface temperature reaches 44 ℃ (14 o'clock on the 29th Mays in 2005), keeps evergreen, summer vertical-growth speed 1.5-4mm/d.
3.4 it is excellent that summer, property was used on the level ground
In by the end of July, 2004, and Guangdong selects density, greenery cover degree, biomass, root length, blade aging index, blade Pro and the AsA content of No. 1 creeping bentgrass green turf to be significantly higher than former kind Penncross (table 3).Area, Guangzhou high temperature season (the 5-9 month), the former kind of the serial dark generally mistake of creeping bentgrass green turf in summer color and luster is selected in Guangdong, and the plant leaf ageing index is higher than former kind (seeing the following form 2).
No. 1 creeping bentgrass and Penncross fruit mountain range turf quality in summer are selected in table 2 Guangdong
*In the table behind the same column of figure different lowercases be illustrated in significant difference on 0.05 level. down with.
Serial creeping bentgrass and former kind turfgrass leaf in summer look and ageing index are selected in table 3 Guangdong
3.5 creeping bentgrass floor space effect is selected in Guangdong No. 1
Pass through division propagation: transplanting or directly spread vegetative shoot, normal grass planting still between area, Guangzhou July, megathermal period in August, 45-90 days Cheng Ping in 1: 5~20 ratios.
Summer in 2005, lawn toothing 6mm in No. 1 creeping bentgrass campus is selected in Guangdong, when surface temperature reaches 44 ℃, still keeps evergreen, and vertical-growth speed is 1.5-4mm/d.
Careless blanket plantation technology of the present invention compared with prior art has following obvious improvement and outstanding characteristics:
1, energy-saving and environmental protecting, annual evergreen, but wide accommodation.
2, turf quality height, high temperature resistant, cold-resistant, anti-the moon, anti-low cutting.
3, beautifying functions is strong, afforests ornamental good.
4, the maintenance cost is low, is easy to management.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
The plantation technology of novel non-substrate grass blanket, its main process is:
(1), at first, choosing Guangdong selects No. 1 creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.cv.Yuexuan No.1) to make seedling.
(2), carrying out the level ground bed handles.Drainage trenching: whole lands used can be divided into one every mu, make every ground to form that to show drainage grade definitely be 2%, around excavate the open drain, be used for draining and keep out extraneous earth, weeds intrusion, ditch depth is 20cm, and width is 18cm, the main drain ditch depth is 40cm, and width is respectively 60cm.The place is stifling: adopt 98% Brom-O-Gas liquid gas 78g/m at sand soil
2, stifling 48 hours, with control soil nematodes, soil fungi disease, soil insect, weeding etc., Brom-O-Gas was killed wide spectrum, and diffusibility is good, and temperature is high more under Isodose, and application effect is good more; Ventilated again 7 days, rainy as expection during ventilating, then plastic film is not taken off fully, only needed the Polypropylence Sheet on the limit is opened so that ventilate, prevent that simultaneously rainwater from infiltrating soil, and this moment, soil condition need be equivalent to the seedbed condition, no crops straw, weeds etc. are ploughed deeply soil, no large clod, soil moisture content is moderate, sows then.The shop is husky: after had fumigated in the place, leveling soil was divided into 4 with whole place, dug shallow gully and divided, and the natural drainage on every ground all flows to a limit, and husky in the shop behind the appropriate compacting, particle diameter is about 0.25mm, and thickness is 10cm.Basal dressing: for the grass that makes planting can be grown by fast quick-recovery, before kind, execute phosphorous higher, nitrogen is moderate, potassium is lower slow action fertilizer, evenly intersect with the centrifugal tumbrel of hand push again and spread fertilizer over the fields twice, to harrow husky machine band one latticed iron net drag harrow number time, so that fertilizer can evenly mix with sand on the 2cm top layer.
(3), grass planting.Before the grass planting level ground bed is watered in advance, adopt spray water as far as possible, with protection against erosion, evenly spread the grass planting rhizome, and in time cover sand, cover the about 5mm of the husky degree of depth, be advisable, water, adopt the roll extrusion of 150kg cylinder again to cover grass blade and to have part to expose with covering husky machine.
(4), field management.Water: must there be simple sprinkling irrigation in the nursery planting district, has just begun to water every day 3 times, and it is vaporific that shower nozzle is adjusted to drizzle, prevents to produce to wash away and insulated stream.After grass begins germinating growth, then reduce the number of times that waters, strengthen simultaneously and water the water yield.Fertilising: grow to 1-2cm at the new root of turfgrass, when sprouting sprouted 0.2-1.0cm, for accelerating turf speed, 7-15d fertilising regularly once based on the quick-acting fertilizer of high nitrogen, high phosphorus, low potassium, was watered after each fertilising.The shop is husky: the washing away of the unequal formation of watering the when human factor during owing to planting, maintenance management, the excessive bump to soil surface of water droplet cause reasons such as alveole point, need to mend husky, to guarantee level ground bed opposed flattened.Roll extrusion: cylinder is looked soil regime and is determined its weight, can select the weight roll extrusion about 150 kilograms for use, every 15 days once, but must be noted that roll extrusion operation meeting caused soil compaction when the level ground face was moist, thereby influences the permeability of soil.To prune: prune behind the Cheng Ping of lawn, highly be controlled at 15mm, and carry out the weeds extermination of disease and insect pest, note simultaneously: 1.. weeds are with manually pulling out.Behind the Cheng Ping of lawn,, can manually pull out as more weeds occurring.2.. before high temperature, carry out pre-disease prevention and prepare, available 500-800 mancozeb+Wakil is is doubly prevented and treated 1 to 2 time, mould azoles is prevented and treated the pythium spp class, brown class is sick, sudden to sick, also available bactericide such as ketone tmtd, captan, anilazine, tpn or benomyl can to change 500 times tmtd+press down between the megathermal period into.3.. the pest control aspect, in the rule that takes place in this area month, the insecticide of selecting to be fit to is prevented and treated (as: Guangdong Province's insect pest occurrence in peak period May-June, late October) according to different insect pests.To the control of underground insect, main medicine has sevin, phoxim etc.For the leaves and stems insect, mainly preventing and treating medicine has decis, flolimat etc., notes in time changing medication simultaneously, avoids developing immunity to drugs, and uses black light lamp to kill adult.Accomplish that the nursery do not have weeds, the harm of no parasitosis evil, stalwartness.When the meadow green cover degree reaches more than 95%, face of land stolon is used for careless blanket production when becoming blanket thickness 3mm.
(5), the lawn secondary becomes blanket.Draw grass: by the width of 60cm at interval, length is the length of grown place piece, not waste grass seeds and be advisable in the soil, adopts the artificial chaffcutter of blade, is stubble plough cutter wide cut as draft then careless blanket width with stubble plough.Draft: with stubble plough or dull and stereotyped shovel turf is tripped out, thickness with together with face of land stolon at interior 7mm, and careless blanket not cracky be advisable, and it is few more good more to cut the sand of matrix, width is 60cm.Remove matrix: wash the careless blanket back side with giant, or blade manually scrapes the weeding blanket back side, to remove matrix.Roll up careless blanket: turf is rolled, and length is 2.5m.The secondary grass planting: the bed roll extrusion of original level ground is smooth in original nursery or the cement flooring grass planting that sets in advance, form the 2%-4% drainage grade, spread the perforation plastic film of 15cm * 15cm at interval, evenly lay careless blanket again; Or on the cement flooring, directly lay careless blanket.Grass blanket maintenance: water in good time, when newborn root system grows to 6mm, water 5 ‰ Norway composite fertilizer (N: P
2O
5: K
2O=15: 15: 15), every month fertilizer amount 20g/m
2, and careless blanket pruned in good time, toothing 23mm as required, adopt then and draft---cloth symphysis motivation tool is once finished the work of secondary grass planting, and it is 6mm that its face of land stolon becomes blanket thickness.
(6), careless blanket finished product, when the newborn root system flocculation of creeping bentgrass thickness reaches 2.7mm, can go out the garden.
Embodiment two:
The plantation technology of novel non-substrate grass blanket, its plantation step is:
(1), choosing Guangdong selects No. 1 creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.cv.Yuexuan No.1) to make seedling.
(2), carrying out the level ground bed handles.Drainage trenching: whole lands used can be divided into one every mu, make every ground to form that to show drainage grade definitely be 4%, and around excavate the open drain, ditch depth is 25cm, width is 25cm, the main drain ditch depth is 60cm, width is respectively 90cm.The place is stifling: adopt 98% Brom-O-Gas liquid gas 102g/m at neutral soil
2, stifling 48 hours, ventilated again 7 days, sow then.The shop is husky: after had fumigated in the place, leveling soil was divided into 4 with whole place, dug shallow gully and divided, and the natural drainage on every ground all flows to a limit, and husky in the shop behind the appropriate compacting, particle diameter is 1.0mm, and thickness is 10cm.Basal dressing: for the grass that makes planting can be grown by fast quick-recovery, before kind, execute phosphorous higher, nitrogen is moderate, potassium is lower slow action fertilizer, evenly intersect with the centrifugal tumbrel of hand push again and spread fertilizer over the fields twice, to harrow husky machine band one latticed iron net drag harrow number time, so that fertilizer evenly mixes with husky on the 1-3cm top layer.
(3), grass planting then.Before the grass planting level ground bed is watered in advance, adopt spray water as far as possible, evenly spread the grass planting rhizome, and in time cover sand, cover the about 5mm of the husky degree of depth, be advisable, water, adopt the roll extrusion of 150kg cylinder again to cover grass blade and to have part to expose with covering husky machine.
(4), field management.Water: must there be simple sprinkling irrigation in the nursery planting district, has just begun to water every day 5 times, and it is vaporific that shower nozzle is adjusted to drizzle, then reduces the number of times that waters after grass begins germinating growth, strengthens simultaneously and waters the water yield.Fertilising: grow to 1-2cm at the new root of turfgrass, when sprouting sprouted 0.2-1.0cm, for accelerating turf speed, 7-15d fertilising regularly once based on the quick-acting fertilizer of high nitrogen, high phosphorus, low potassium, was watered after each fertilising.The shop is husky: the washing away of the unequal formation of watering the when human factor during owing to planting, maintenance management, the excessive bump to soil surface of water droplet cause reasons such as alveole point, need to mend husky, to guarantee level ground bed opposed flattened.Roll extrusion: cylinder is looked soil regime and is determined its weight, can select the weight roll extrusion about 150 kilograms for use, every 15 days once.Prune: prune behind the Cheng Ping of lawn, highly can be controlled in 37mm, and carry out the weeds extermination of disease and insect pest; When the meadow green cover degree reaches more than 95%, face of land stolon is used for careless blanket production when becoming blanket thickness 5mm.
(5), the lawn secondary becomes blanket.Draw grass: by the width of 85cm at interval, length is the length of grown place piece, not waste grass seeds and be advisable in the soil, adopts the artificial chaffcutter of blade, is stubble plough cutter wide cut as draft then careless blanket width with stubble plough.Draft: with stubble plough or dull and stereotyped shovel turf is tripped out, thickness with together with face of land stolon interior 10mm and careless blanket not cracky be advisable.Remove matrix: wash the careless blanket back side with giant, or blade manually scrapes the weeding blanket back side, to remove matrix.Roll up careless blanket: turf is rolled, and length is 5m.The secondary grass planting: the bed roll extrusion of original level ground is smooth in original nursery or the cement flooring grass planting that sets in advance, form 4% drainage grade, spread the perforation plastic film of 15cm * 15cm at interval, evenly lay careless blanket again; Or on the cement flooring, directly lay careless blanket.Grass blanket maintenance: water in good time, when newborn root system grows to 10mm, water 5 ‰ Norway composite fertilizer (N: P
2O
5: K
2O=15: 15: 15), every month fertilizer amount 20g/m
2, and careless blanket pruned in good time, with drafting---cloth symphysis motivation tool is once finished the work of secondary grass planting, and it is 10mm that its face of land stolon becomes blanket thickness.
(6), careless blanket finished product.When the newborn root system flocculation of creeping bentgrass thickness reaches 5mm, can go out the garden.