A kind of biphase antibiotic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to duplex stainless steel, specifically, relate to a kind of biphase antibiotic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
So-called anti-bacteria stainless steel, in stainless steel, add an amount of element with antibacterial effect (as alloying elements such as copper, silver, zinc) exactly, the steel that make final production go out have good antimicrobial property, and the generation of its anti-microbial property mainly is the anti-microbial effect that has utilized alloying elements such as copper, silver, zinc.Anti-bacteria stainless steel had both had the advantage of stainless steel itself, had good antimicrobial property again, had been popular since putting on market.The ferrite type anti-bacteria stainless steel is mainly used in washing machine, tableware, kitchen utensils etc.; The Austenitic anti-bacteria stainless steel is mainly used in aspects such as kitchen, household electrical appliances, medical apparatus; The steel wire industry focuses on medicine equipment martensite antimicrobial stainless steel silk, and the exploitation of ferrite antibacterial stainless steel filament is used in knitmesh with austenite antimicrobial stainless steel silk and cleaning ball.In a word, the broad spectrum antibacterial performance of the existing excellence of anti-bacteria stainless steel has good processibility and solidity to corrosion again, and is the novel antibacterial material that is better than other antimicrobial products, has broad application prospects.The nineties in 20th century, a Japan day new system steel company at first successfully developed the ferritic series anti-bacteria stainless steel with good processibility and germ resistance, had developed martensite antimicrobial stainless steel and austenite antimicrobial stainless steel in succession again.It is the kind of anti-bacteria stainless steel that Kawasaki, Japan Iron And Steel Company has expanded silver recently again, can not only produce ferrite type and add silver-colored anti-bacteria stainless steel, simultaneously also can produce Austenitic and add silver-colored anti-bacteria stainless steel (304 type), and in the multinomial patent that improved aspect applications such as stainless germ resistance, solidity to corrosion, slip resistance, machinability, mechanical property and workability, plasticity, wear resistance.It is reported that states such as Korea S, the U.S. and Canada are also at active development anti-bacteria stainless steel material.
Anti-bacteria stainless steel patent in the past mostly concentrates on the exploitation of austenite, ferrite and the single-phase anti-bacteria stainless steel of martensite, and does not also have so far about the invention of biphase antibiotic stainless steel.As: the open communique CN1789471A of Chinese patent discloses a kind of austenite antimicrobial stainless steel, although wherein added three kinds of antiseptic elements Cu, Ag and Zn, this stainless steel also belongs to single-phase stainless steel.Chinese patent open communique CN1272889A, CN1256716A and CN1664154 are disclosed all to be argentiferous single-phase anti-bacteria stainless steel; And Chinese patent open communique CN1504588, CN1498981 and CN1401808 disclosed all be copper bearing single-phase anti-bacteria stainless steel.
Because duplex stainless steel is different from the stainless steel of other kinds, can not between middle warm area, (about 600~850 ℃) stop for a long time, otherwise can form harmful phase, have a strong impact on the use properties of material, and the cupric anti-bacteria stainless steel is the antibiotic ageing treatment that must carry out the long period in this temperature range, so the cupric biphase antibiotic stainless steel is infeasible.Although the silver-containing antibacterial stainless steel does not need special ageing treatment during fabrication, but its solubleness in stainless steel is very little, poly-partially in steel easily, the anti-microbial property of steel is obviously descended, and the utilization ratio of influence silver, increase cost, so the argentiferous biphase antibiotic stainless steel can not reach antibiotic requirement.
In view of above-mentioned, the present inventor utilizes the bigger characteristic of the solubleness of Ag-Cu alloy in stainless steel, Ag and two kinds of element meltings by a certain percentage of Cu are made Ag-Cu binary master alloy, again it is joined in the stainless raw material as a kind of batching and smelt, obtain biphase antibiotic stainless steel of the present invention through operations such as rolling, polishings.This biphase antibiotic stainless steel has kept original excellent mechanical property, corrosion resisting property, and has good antibacterial property, can be processed into the product of different shape, is applied to fields such as food and pharmaceutical industry.
One object of the present invention is to provide a kind of biphase antibiotic stainless steel.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the manufacture method of described biphase antibiotic stainless steel.
Summary of the invention
First aspect of the present invention provides a kind of biphase antibiotic stainless steel, and described biphase antibiotic stainless steel adds Ag-Cu binary master alloy and makes in common duplex stainless steel.
The chemical ingredients of described biphase antibiotic stainless steel comprises in weight ratio: C≤0.08%, Si≤3.0%, Mn≤2.0%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.03%, Ni:3.0~10.0%, Cr:17.0~27.0%, Mo≤5.0%, W≤5.0%, N:0.10~0.35%, Ag-Cu binary master alloy: 0.10~3.0%, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Wherein, the weight percent of described Ag-Cu binary master alloy consists of: Ag:1.0~50%, surplus are Cu.
Below, the chemical ingredients of biphase antibiotic stainless steel of the present invention is done as being described in detail.
C: strong austenite former, but content is too much difficult, surpasses at 0.08% o'clock and can make steel strength too high, also can reduce solidity to corrosion, is preferably in below 0.08%.
Si: can improve the solidity to corrosion of steel, accelerate, influence the use properties of steel, should be controlled at below 3% but surpass at 3% o'clock and can make harmful phase speed of separating out such as σ.
Mn: manganese can play stable austenite and improve the thermoplastic effect of steel, also can save nickel, reduce cost, but its content can promote harmful formation mutually such as σ above 2.0% o'clock, and also can reduce the solidity to corrosion of steel, content should be controlled at below 2.0%.
P, S: for to steel heat plasticity and corrosion proof consideration, these two constituent contents will hang down as far as possible, should control P≤0.04%, S≤0.03%.
Cr: improve the corrosion proof important element of steel, be lower than at 17% o'clock, solidity to corrosion is relatively poor, can not reach service requirements, but surpass the intermetallic compound speed of separating out is accelerated at 27% o'clock, preferably is controlled at 17~27%.
N: can improve the solidity to corrosion of steel, also can save nickel, content should be controlled at more than 0.10%, requires less than 0.35%, is in order to be easy to smelt control.
Mo, W: can improve the solidity to corrosion of steel, but should not add, surpass the formation that can strengthen intermetallic compound at 5.0% o'clock, preferably be controlled at below 5.0%.
Ni: as the element that forms and enlarge the austenitic area consumingly, content was difficult for guaranteeing austenite content less than 3.0% o'clock, but the price of nickel is higher, should be controlled at below 10.0%.
The Ag-Cu alloy: silver and copper all have germ resistance, and copper also can improve solidity to corrosion, wear resistance and the cold machine-shaping of steel, also can save nickel.When Ag-Cu alloy content germ resistance less than 0.1% time undesirable, along with the increase germ resistance of its content improves gradually, but because duplex stainless steel thermoplasticity is relatively poor, the Ag-Cu alloy content was above 3.0% o'clock, can reduce the thermoplasticity of steel, and silver more also can produce detrimentally affect to thermoplasticity, so the Ag-Cu alloy should be controlled at below 3.0%.
In addition, silver content was considered the germ resistance needs less than 1.0% o'clock in the Ag-Cu alloy, will add more Ag-Cu alloy when stainless steel smelting, had so just added more copper, and the thermoplasticity of steel is descended.Otherwise, when silver content in the Ag-Cu alloy greater than 50% the time, the solubleness of Ag-Cu alloy in duplex stainless steel is lower, can influence the germ resistance of steel again.Therefore in the Ag-Cu alloy, the content of silver should be controlled at 1.0~50%.
Second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of manufacture method of biphase antibiotic stainless steel, this method comprises smelting, casting, rolling, polishing, wherein before smelting earlier with Ag and two kinds of elements of Cu in proportion melting make master alloy, again will described master alloy as smelting in a kind of raw material that adds biphase antibiotic stainless steel of preparing burden.
Wherein said smelting can be adopted vacuum induction furnace, electric furnace-AOD duplex is smelted or electric furnace-AOD-VOD smelts.
Described rolling the employing after the hot rolling in 950~1150 ℃ of solution treatment, pickling removes the oxide compound top layer, carry out again cold rolling, in 950~1150 ℃ of annealing, pickling.
The present invention selects for use vacuum induction furnace, electric furnace-AOD duplex to smelt or electric furnace-AOD-VOD smelting stainless steel, die casting or continuous casting steel billet, solution treatment+pickling after the hot rolling, polishing obtains hot-rolled product, also can be made into cold-rolled products, its technology is: with the solution treatment of hot rolling material, pickling removes the oxide compound top layer, and is cold rolling, through annealing water-cooled, polishing.One of most critical step was earlier Ag and two kinds of element meltings by a certain percentage of Cu to be made master alloy before smelting in the manufacture method of biphase antibiotic stainless steel of the present invention, it was joined as a kind of batching in the raw material of biphase antibiotic stainless steel to smelt again.
Because the solubleness of this master alloy in duplex stainless steel is bigger, agitation when smelting is uniformly distributed in the steel antiseptic elements, so that steel has had anti-microbial property, and property retention previous levels such as the mechanics of steel, anti-corrosion and processing simultaneously.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: by content and the distribution situation of adjustment control Ag in alloy of smelting technology, and then make this stainless steel have good antimicrobial property.Biphase antibiotic stainless steel of the present invention has kept original steel grade excellent mechanical property and corrosion resistance, and has good antibacterial property, can be processed into the product of different shape, is applied to fields such as food and pharmaceutical industry.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the TEM photo of the biphase antibiotic stainless steel of the embodiment of the invention 1, and wherein small particles is the Ag-Cu alloy.
Fig. 2 is the TEM photo of the duplex stainless steel of Comparative Examples 1 of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below for a more detailed description to the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with embodiment.These embodiment only are the descriptions to best mode for carrying out the invention, scope of the present invention are not had any restriction.
Embodiment 1-3:
Ag and two kinds of elements of Cu are made master alloy in the ratio melting shown in the table 1, join it in raw material of biphase antibiotic stainless steel as a kind of batching again, smelt or electric furnace-AOD-VOD smelting stainless steel with vacuum induction furnace, electric furnace-AOD again, the casting steel billet is hot-rolled down to 4mm, 950~1150 ℃ of solid solution water-cooleds, pickling removes the oxide compound top layer, be cold-rolled to 1.5mm again, through 950~1150 ℃ of annealing water-cooleds, polishing.
The chemical ingredients of the duplex stainless steel of the biphase antibiotic stainless steel of embodiment of the invention 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 sees Table 1, and wherein Comparative Examples 1 is the not argentiferous same model duplex stainless steel of embodiment 1-2, and Comparative Examples 2 is not argentiferous same model duplex stainless steels of embodiment 3.
The chemical ingredients (wt%) of the biphase antibiotic stainless steel of table 1 embodiment 1-3 and the duplex stainless steel of Comparative Examples 1-2
Sequence number |
Standard brand |
C |
Si |
Mn |
P |
S |
Cr |
Ni |
Mo |
W |
N |
Ag-Cu |
Embodiment 1 |
|
0.01 |
0.74 |
1.91 |
0.015 |
0.004 |
23.80 |
4.25 |
- |
- |
0.11 |
(0.1 argentiferous 50%) |
Embodiment 2 |
|
0.02 |
0.56 |
1.54 |
0.021 |
0.004 |
22.21 |
4.82 |
2.53 |
|
0.18 |
(1.0 argentiferous 5%) |
Embodiment 3 |
|
0.025 |
0.55 |
0.89 |
0.016 |
0.004 |
25.23 |
6.84 |
3.51 |
0.86 |
0.28 |
(3.0 argentiferous 1%) |
Comparative Examples 1 |
Industry 2205 |
≤0.03 |
<1.0 |
<2.0 |
<0.03 |
<0.02 |
22.0~ 23.0 |
4.5~ 6.5 |
3.0~ 3.5 |
- |
0.24~ 0.32 |
- |
Comparative Examples 2 |
Industry 2507 |
≤0.03 |
<0.8 |
<1.2 |
< 0.035 |
<0.02 |
24.0~ 26.0 |
6.0~ 8.0 |
3.0~ 5.0 |
- |
0.28~ 0.50 |
- |
Test example 1:
The biphase antibiotic stainless steel of embodiment of the invention 1-3 and the duplex stainless steel of Comparative Examples 1-2 are carried out Mechanics Performance Testing, and test result sees Table 2.
Test example 2:
By JIS Z2801-2000 " antibiotic fabricated product---anti-microbial property test method and antibacterial effect " standard the biphase antibiotic stainless steel of embodiment of the invention 1-3 and the duplex stainless steel of Comparative Examples 1-2 are carried out the anti-microbial property test, its test result sees Table 2, and main testing sequence is as follows:
1) test strain;
Enterobacteria (Escherichia coli SIM B282) too
Streptococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus SIM B283)
2) detection method:
(1) sample is cut into the size (in triplicate) of 5.0cm * 5.0cm size, washes coupons, in 120 ℃ of high-temperature sterilizations 30 minutes with raw spirit.
(2) sample behind the high-temperature sterilization is put in the aseptic plate, gets about 0.5 milliliter of test organisms drop on sample, guarantee that colony number maintains 10 with transfer pipet
5
(3) plastics film is covered specimen surface, put into aseptic plate then, in 36 ± 1 ℃ of constant incubators, cultivated 24 hours.
(4) calculate the bacterial number that survives by agar cultural method (35 ± 1 ℃, 40~48 hours).
(5) with the duplex stainless steel of the not argentiferous same model of Comparative Examples 1-2 sample in contrast, repeat aforesaid operations.
3) antibiotic rate calculates
Antibiotic rate=[(A-B)/A] * 100%
In the formula: the average viable count of control sample after A-24 hour
Antibiotic sample average viable count after B-24 hour.
The biphase antibiotic stainless steel of table 2 embodiment 1-3 and the duplex stainless steel of Comparative Examples 1-2
Mechanical property and anti-microbial property are relatively
Sequence number |
Antibiotic rate, % |
Yield strength, MPa |
Tensile strength, MPa |
Unit elongation, % |
Embodiment 1 |
>99 |
515 |
663 |
34 |
Embodiment 2 |
>99 |
524 |
678 |
36 |
Embodiment 3 |
>99 |
531 |
683 |
38 |
Comparative Examples 1 |
0 |
About 520 |
About 670 |
About 35 |
Comparative Examples 2 |
0 |
About 540 |
About 690 |
About 35 |
As can be seen from Table 2, biphase antibiotic stainless steel of the present invention is compared with the duplex stainless steel of argentiferous same model not, has not only kept the good mechanical property of original steel grade, and antibiotic rate is all more than 99%, and anti-microbial property is good.
Test example 3:
(national standard: GB/T 17897-1999) biphase antibiotic stainless steel of embodiment of the invention 1-3 and the duplex stainless steel of Comparative Examples 1-2 are carried out the corrosion resistance nature test, test result sees Table 3 according to stainless steel iron trichloride pitting corrosion test method.
The anti-pitting attack performance of the biphase antibiotic stainless steel of table 3 embodiment 1-3 and the duplex stainless steel of Comparative Examples 1-2 relatively
Sequence number |
6%FeCl
3, 35 ℃, 8h, corrosion rate, g/m
2·h
|
Embodiment |
1 |
1.62 |
Embodiment 2 |
1.43 |
Embodiment 3 |
0.77 |
Comparative Examples 1 |
1.38 |
Comparative Examples 2 |
0.79 |
The biphase antibiotic stainless steel of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is compared with the anti-pitting attack performance of the not argentiferous same model duplex stainless steel of Comparative Examples 1, embodiment 3 is compared with the anti-pitting attack performance of Comparative Examples 2, solidity to corrosion is suitable, and basic indifference has kept the solidity to corrosion of original steel grade.
In a word, the broad spectrum antibacterial performance of the existing excellence of biphase antibiotic stainless steel of the present invention has good processibility and solidity to corrosion again, and is the novel antibacterial material that is better than other antimicrobial products, is applied to fields such as food and pharmaceutical industry.