CN108728767A - A kind of handrail or handle anti-bacteria stainless steel - Google Patents
A kind of handrail or handle anti-bacteria stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN108728767A CN108728767A CN201810299880.5A CN201810299880A CN108728767A CN 108728767 A CN108728767 A CN 108728767A CN 201810299880 A CN201810299880 A CN 201810299880A CN 108728767 A CN108728767 A CN 108728767A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of handrail or handle anti-bacteria stainless steels, belong to technical field of stainless steel materials.The chemical composition of the stainless steel is following (weight %)：C：≤0.08；Si：≤0.50；Mn：≤1.00；P：≤0.05；S：≤0.05；Ni：8.0-12.0；Cr：18.0-20.0；Cu：3.0-5.0；Ga：0.50-1.50；Surplus is Fe；The stainless steel is after solution heat treatment, and by the super saturated solid solutions of Ga and Cu in the base, Ga and Cu exist in the form of being dissolved state with rich gallium two kinds of state is mutually precipitated.Since the use environment of handrail or handle is usually air environment, when being contacted with sweat, the presence of rich gallium phase can effectively dissolve out gallium ion, have the breeding and propagation for significantly inhibiting human hand pathogenic bacteria, reduce mass-sending property bacterium infection event odds.Anti-bacteria stainless steel of the present invention reduces the propagation risk between human hand due to pathogenic bacteria, can be widely applied to live ornamental balustrade, railing and door handle etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stainless steel material fields, especially provide a kind of handrail or handle anti-bacteria stainless steel.
Background technology
Copper-bearing antibacterial stainless steel, be by imitating at high temperature during, be precipitated certain volume score copper-rich precipitated phase, when
When this copper-rich phase is contacted with bacterium, micro copper ion can be discharged, the cell wall of bacterium is destroyed, causes bacterial death.Base
In the broad-spectrum antiseptic feature that copper itself has, copper-bearing antibacterial stainless steel should be able to be applicable in various practical service environments.However,
The killing of bacteria flora is directly related with copper ion dissolution rate and dissolution concentration.In general, copper additive amount is got in steel
Greatly, copper-rich precipitated phase is more, then copper ion dissolution rate and dissolution concentration are bigger.The minimum of bacterium is pressed down when dissolution concentration is more than
When bacteria concentration, stainless steel watch reveals strong antibacterial effect；Conversely, not having antibiotic property then.
Based on this, in practical applications, adds high copper content and be added in stainless steel, can really improve its antibacterial table
It is existing, but can have the following disadvantages：(1) precipitation of the addition of excessively high copper content and copper-rich phase can reduce the blunt of stainless steel surface
Change membrane structure, passivating film becomes loose, this seriously affects the corrosion resisting property of stainless steel.(2) addition of excessively high copper content can make
Obtain its hot-working character acute exacerbation.This is because segregation of the copper at interface is inclined to and is increased, high temperature Hot Working Crack is sensitive
Property is significantly increased, and material lumber recovery can be limited its large-scale practical application by extreme influence.(3) for ferrous alloy and
Speech, while the process in leaching of copper ion, along with the dissolution of a large amount of iron ions.The iron ion of release also promotes to a certain extent
The proliferation of bacterium, this is also unfavorable to the antimicrobial efficiency of copper ion.(4) specific handle or handrail etc. are contacted with hand
Object, processing and manufacturing process is usually all cast form, such as using the traditional ageing treatment of anti-bacteria stainless steel, is undoubtedly increased
Technological process and production cost, this is also unfavorable to the large-scale promotion of anti-bacteria stainless steel.
In steel material, the fusing point of gallium is very low, only 29.8 DEG C, and boiling point reaches 2204 DEG C.This just be its
Application provides possibility during Ferrous Metallurgy.In metal material field, iron gallium alloy is common magnetostriction materials.Gallium
Main function in iron is the Magnetostriction that can significantly improve steel, and the correlation that yet there are no gallium in stainless application of RE in the steel is reported
Road.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of handrail or handle anti-bacteria stainless steels, solve current material in electrical equipment
The relatively low problem of antimicrobial efficiency in use environment.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of handrail or handle anti-bacteria stainless steel, it is characterised in that：By weight percentage, the stainless steel chemistry at
Divide as follows：C：≤0.08；Si：≤0.50；Mn：≤1.00；P：≤0.05；S：≤0.05；Ni：8.0-12.0；Cr：18.0-
20.0；Cu：3.0-5.0；Ga：0.50-1.50；Surplus is Fe.
Its chemical composition is as follows as a preferred technical solution,：C：≤0.03；Si：≤0.50；Mn：≤1.00；P：≤
0.005；S：≤0.005；Ni：8.5-9.5；Cr：18.5-19.5；Cu：3.5-4.5；Ga：0.80-1.20；Surplus is Fe.
In the stainless steel composition design of the present invention, alloying element gallium (Ga) is most important alloy member in new type stainless steel. corrosion resistance
Element.Ga is to ensure that stainless steel has the necessary condition of stronger antimicrobial efficiency, and the main innovation point of the present invention.It is of the present invention
Amount containing Ga in stainless steel is 0.05-1.50%, and under the conditions of ensureing special thermal treatment, rich Ga phases even dispersion in steel is analysed
Go out.When Ga contents are relatively low, even across special thermal treatment, be not easy that rich Ga phases are precipitated in stainless steel base, when with solution medium
When contact, sufficient concentrations of Ga ions cannot be precipitated, with inhibit bacterium normal proliferative activity, and give full play to Ga ions and
The synergetic antibacterial effect of Cu ions.When Ga contents are relatively excessively high, excessive rich Ga meet cause stainless steel hot processing performance and
The degradation of cold forming capability influences its practical application.In addition, excessive richness Ga phases, which are precipitated, can also destroy passivation film on stainless steel surface
Continuity, reduce the corrosion resistance of stainless steel.
The present invention also provides the heat treatment process of above-mentioned handrail or handle anti-bacteria stainless steel, which includes following step
Suddenly：
Hot-working：For steel ingot in 1050-1100 DEG C of Homogenization Treatments 1-3 hours, cogging forging divided multi-pass to be forged into base
Material, whole forging temperature are not less than 900 DEG C；
Solution heat treatment：1000-1040 DEG C of solution treatment 1-3 hours, air-cooled or water cooling to room temperature.
The selection of wherein solution heat treatment temperature is also one of core of the invention content.Its design considerations is to ensure that Ga
Element and Cu elements realize that super saturated solid solution, such Ga and Cu elements a part of could be present in stainless steel base to be dissolved state
In, a part is with precipitated phase (Fe3Ga and richness Cu phases) form presence, play the purpose of its excellent anti-bacterium capability.Too low solid solution
Temperature, matrix cannot full and uniformization；Excessively high solid solubility temperature, precipitated phase is again excessive to be existed to be dissolved in the form of state, is reduced anti-
Bacterium acts on.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, it for existing anti-bacteria stainless steel containing Cu, relies primarily on the micro dissolution of Cu ions and inhibits bacterium to increase to play
The purpose grown.Due to its own dissolution rate and dissolution concentration limitation, for handrail or handle etc. under hand contact environment
The antibacterial effect of situation, the anti-bacteria stainless steel containing Cu need to be achieved in conjunction with specific ageing treatment, this undoubtedly increases processing stream
Journey and production cost.Therefore the present invention suitably increases the Ga contents in steel based on existing anti-bacteria stainless steel containing Cu, it is only necessary to
Certain solution treatment so that Ga and Cu super saturated solid solutions in the base, to make to can guarantee on matrix in steel be precipitated it is a certain amount of
Rich Ga phases and richness Cu phases.When being acted on hand contact environment, trivalent Ga ions and Cu ions together, play and destroy bacterial cell
The effect of wall increases the antibacterial effect of Cu ions.
2, due to the addition of Ga, it is suppressed that, can be effective since Fe Ion releases are to the facilitation of bacterial cell growth
Improve the antimicrobial efficiency of the anti-bacteria stainless steel containing Cu.
Application range：
Handrail or handle anti-bacteria stainless steel of the present invention has good anti-microbial property and simple heat treatment step, can
It is widely used in the material selection that all kinds of handrails, railing, handle etc. are in direct contact with hand.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is anti-bacteria stainless steel Escherichia coli (bacterial concentration 105CFU/mL bactericidal effect photo).(a) anti-containing Cu
Bacterium stainless steel, is dissolved state, and (b) novel antibacterial stainless steel (phase of antibacterial containing Ga+Cu) is dissolved state, (c) blank control bacterial clump
Figure.
Specific implementation mode
According to the chemical composition ranges set by anti-bacteria stainless steel of the present invention, implemented using 25 kilograms of vacuum induction furnace smeltings
Example 1-6 anti-bacteria stainless steels of the present invention and each 15 kilograms of 1 stove comparative example anti-bacteria stainless steel containing Cu, chemical composition is shown in Table 1.
Forging technology is：Alloy cast ingot is forged to 40 in 1080 DEG C of ± 5 DEG C of homogenization heat treatment coggings in 2 hours, point three fire
The first rolling sheets of × 120mm, final forging temperature are 915 DEG C.
Hot rolling technology is：Breaking down blank becomes second nature in the open rolling in 2.5 hours of 1080 DEG C of ± 5 DEG C of temperatures through multi- pass rolling
Plank can be tested, the present embodiment plate thickness is 10mm thickness.
The anti-bacteria stainless steel chemical composition (wt, %) of 1 embodiment and comparative example of table
Anti-microbial property detects：According to " JIS Z 2801-2000《Antibacterial fabricated product-antibiotic property test method and antibacterial
Effect》,GB/T 2591-2003《Antibiotic plastic anti-microbial property experimental method and antibacterial effect》" etc. correlation standards, selection
Bacterial concentration is 105CFU/mL.Quantitative test embodiment and comparative example anti-bacteria stainless steel common bacteria is acted on after sterilization
Rate.The calculation formula of wherein antibiotic rate is：Antibiotic rate (%)=[(blank control sample viable count-anti-bacteria stainless steel sample viable bacteria
Number)/blank control sample viable count] × 100, blank control sample viable count is after carrying out Bacteria Culture on inertia glass plate
Viable count, anti-bacteria stainless steel viable count refer to include anti-bacteria stainless steel containing Cu or thin containing carrying out on (Cu+Ga) anti-bacteria stainless steel
Viable count after bacterium culture.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the heat treatment process of anti-bacteria stainless steel is：1h, water cooling to room temperature are kept the temperature at 1025 DEG C.According to
Above-mentioned antibacterial detection method detects the anti-microbial property of typical bacteria, as a result：
(1) to the antibiotic rate of Escherichia coli (Eschericher Coli)：>=95.4%；
(2) to the antibiotic rate of staphylococcus aureus (Staphyococcus aureus)：>=94.7%.
New type stainless steel. corrosion resistance shows excellent anti-microbial property.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, the heat treatment process of anti-bacteria stainless steel is：2h, water cooling to room temperature are kept the temperature at 1030 DEG C.According to
Above-mentioned antibacterial detection method detects the anti-microbial property of typical bacteria, as a result：
(1) to the antibiotic rate of Escherichia coli (Eschericher Coli)：>=95.8%；
(2) to the antibiotic rate of staphylococcus aureus (Staphyococcus aureus)：>=95.6%.
New type stainless steel. corrosion resistance shows excellent anti-microbial property.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, the heat treatment process of anti-bacteria stainless steel is：3h is kept the temperature at 1030 DEG C, after being air-cooled to room temperature.It presses
According to above-mentioned antibacterial detection method, the anti-microbial property of typical bacteria is detected, as a result：
(1) to the antibiotic rate of Escherichia coli (Eschericher Coli)：>=97.4%；
(2) to the antibiotic rate of staphylococcus aureus (Staphyococcus aureus)：>=97.2%.
New type stainless steel. corrosion resistance shows excellent anti-microbial property.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, the heat treatment process of anti-bacteria stainless steel is：2.5h is kept the temperature at 1000 DEG C, after water cooling to room temperature.
According to above-mentioned antibacterial detection method, the anti-microbial property of typical bacteria is detected, antibiotic rate result is：
(1) to the antibiotic rate of Escherichia coli (Eschericher Coli)：>=99.5%；
(2) to the antibiotic rate of staphylococcus aureus (Staphyococcus aureus)：>=99.0%.
New type stainless steel. corrosion resistance shows excellent anti-microbial property.
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, the heat treatment process of anti-bacteria stainless steel is：3h is kept the temperature at 1010 DEG C, is air-cooled to room temperature.According to
Above-mentioned antibacterial detection method detects the anti-microbial property of typical bacteria, and antibiotic rate result is：
(1) to the antibiotic rate of Escherichia coli (Eschericher Coli)：>=99.9%；
(2) to the antibiotic rate of staphylococcus aureus (Staphyococcus aureus)：>=99.8%.
New type stainless steel. corrosion resistance shows excellent anti-microbial property.
Embodiment 6
In the present embodiment, the heat treatment process of anti-bacteria stainless steel is：3h, water cooling to room temperature are kept the temperature at 1040 DEG C.According to
Above-mentioned antibacterial detection method detects the anti-microbial property of typical bacteria, and antibiotic rate result is：
(1) to the antibiotic rate of Escherichia coli (Eschericher Coli)：>=98.7%；
(2) to the antibiotic rate of staphylococcus aureus (Staphyococcus aureus)：>=97.9%.
New type stainless steel. corrosion resistance shows excellent anti-microbial property.
Comparative example
In the present embodiment, the heat treatment process of anti-bacteria stainless steel is：2h, water cooling to room temperature are kept the temperature at 1030 DEG C.According to
Above-mentioned antibacterial detection method detects the anti-microbial property of mixed cell, and antibiotic rate result is：
(1) to the antibiotic rate of Escherichia coli (Eschericher Coli)：>=46.8%；
(2) to the antibiotic rate of staphylococcus aureus (Staphyococcus aureus)：>=48.2%.
By comparative example as it can be seen that for copper-bearing antibacterial stainless steel, such as without Wetted constructures, to common bacteria such as large intestine
The antibiotic rate of bacillus and staphylococcus aureus is relatively low.In general, antibiotic rate be more than 90% material can just be referred to as it is anti-
Bacterium material.Embodiment shows using antibacterial proposed by the present invention not the anti-bacterial result of Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus
Rust steel can exceed that 90% or more antibiotic rate.To sum up illustrate the addition of Ga elements, and is aided with suitable solution heat treatment so that this
Inventing the anti-bacteria stainless steel has significant antibacterial functions.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar cans understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
Equivalent change or modification made by Spirit Essence, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of anti-bacteria stainless steel, it is characterised in that：By weight percentage, the chemical composition of the stainless steel is as follows：C：≤
0.08；Si：≤0.50；Mn：≤1.00；P：≤0.05；S：≤0.05；Ni：8.0-12.0；Cr：18.0-20.0；Cu：3.0-
5.0；Ga：0.50-1.50；Surplus is Fe.
2. according to anti-bacteria stainless steel described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：By weight percentage, chemical composition is as follows：C：
≤0.03；Si：≤0.50；Mn：≤1.00；P：≤0.005；S：≤0.005；Ni：8.5-9.5；Cr：18.5-19.5；Cu：
3.5-4.5；Ga：0.80-1.20；Surplus is Fe.
3. the preparation method of anti-bacteria stainless steel described in a kind of claim 1, it is characterised in that：The anti-bacteria stainless steel is using following
Method obtains：Vacuum induction is smelted, electric arc furnaces+continuous casting is smelted or electric arc furnace smelting+external refining.
4. according to the preparation method of anti-bacteria stainless steel described in claim 3, it is characterised in that：Smelt gained stainless steel use with
Lower hot-working and heat treatment process：
Hot-working：For steel ingot in 1050-1100 DEG C of Homogenization Treatments 1-3 hours, cogging forging divided multi-pass to be forged into blank, eventually
Forging temperature is not less than 900 DEG C；
Solution heat treatment：1000-1040 DEG C of solution treatment 1-3 hours, air-cooled or water cooling to room temperature.
5. application of the anti-bacteria stainless steel as balustrade described in a kind of claim 1.
6. application of the anti-bacteria stainless steel as railing described in a kind of claim 1.
7. application of the anti-bacteria stainless steel as door handle described in a kind of claim 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810299880.5A CN108728767B (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2018-04-04 | Antibacterial stainless steel for handrails or handles |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810299880.5A CN108728767B (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2018-04-04 | Antibacterial stainless steel for handrails or handles |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109481208A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-19 | 南京汉瑞生物科技有限公司 | A kind of medical nursing equipment using gallium element |
| CN111411309A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-07-14 | 江苏铭星供水设备有限公司 | Stainless steel capable of inhibiting formation of bacterial biofilm and preparation method thereof |
| CN112442640A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-05 | 苏州森锋医疗器械有限公司 | Martensitic stainless steel, tool and preparation and heat treatment method of martensitic stainless steel |
| CN114231966A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-25 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Cold spraying copper-containing stainless steel coating with antibacterial and antiviral functions |
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| CN103233174A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-08-07 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel for vascular stent and application thereof |
| JP2017014538A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2017-01-19 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | Austenitic stainless steel sheet for exhaust component excellent in heat resistance and surface smoothness and manufacturing method therefor |
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| CN103233174A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-08-07 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel for vascular stent and application thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109481208A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-19 | 南京汉瑞生物科技有限公司 | A kind of medical nursing equipment using gallium element |
| CN112442640A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-05 | 苏州森锋医疗器械有限公司 | Martensitic stainless steel, tool and preparation and heat treatment method of martensitic stainless steel |
| CN111411309A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-07-14 | 江苏铭星供水设备有限公司 | Stainless steel capable of inhibiting formation of bacterial biofilm and preparation method thereof |
| CN114231966A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-25 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Cold spraying copper-containing stainless steel coating with antibacterial and antiviral functions |
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| CN108728767B (en) | 2019-12-27 |
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