CN101284662A - 碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法，包括：将碳纳米管原料加入到溶剂中并进行絮化处理获得碳纳米管絮状结构；以及将上述碳纳米管絮状结构从溶剂中分离，并对该碳纳米管絮状结构定型处理以获得碳纳米管薄膜。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法。
背景技术
从1991年日本科学家Iijima首次发现碳纳米管(Carbon Nanotube，CNT)以来，以碳纳米管为代表的纳米材料以其独特的结构和性质引起了人们极大的关注。近几年来，随着碳纳米管及纳米材料研究的不断深入，其广阔应用前景不断显现出来。例如，由于碳纳米管所具有的独特的电磁学、光学、力学、化学性能等，大量有关其在场发射电子源、传感器、新型光学材料、软铁磁材料等领域的应用研究不断被报道。
碳纳米管薄膜是碳纳米管实际应用的一种重要形式。具体地，碳纳米管薄膜已被研究用作场发射源、光电和生物传感器、透明导电体、电池电极、吸波材料、水净化材料、发光材料等。这些应用研究的基础，是碳纳米管薄膜的制备技术。现有技术中，碳纳米管薄膜的制备除可通过直接生长法获得以外，还包括用碳纳米管粉末制备碳纳米管薄膜的方法。例如：溶剂点滴干燥法、L-B膜法、印刷法、电泳法，以及滤膜法等。
然而，上述碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法的工序较为复杂、制备效率较低；同时，所制备的碳纳米管薄膜的韧性较差，容易破裂。
因此，确有必要提供一种碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法，该制备方法较为简单、效率较高且制备的碳纳米管薄膜具有很好的韧性，可以弯曲折叠而不易破裂。
发明内容
下面将以实施例说明一种碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法，该制备方法较为简单、效率较高且制备的碳纳米管薄膜具有很好的韧性，可以弯曲折叠而不易破裂。
一种碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法，包括：将碳纳米管原料加入到溶剂中并进行絮化处理获得碳纳米管絮状结构；以及将上述碳纳米管絮状结构从溶剂中分离，并对该碳纳米管絮状结构定型处理以获得碳纳米管薄膜。
所述的碳纳米管原料的制备包括以下步骤：提供一碳纳米管阵列；以及使碳纳米管阵列脱离基底，获得碳纳米管原料。
所述的絮化处理的方法包括超声波分散处理或高强度搅拌。
所述的溶剂为水或有机溶剂。
所述的分离碳纳米管絮状结构的方法具体包括以下步骤：将上述含有碳纳米管絮状结构的溶剂倒入放有滤纸的漏斗中；静置干燥一段时间从而获得分离的碳纳米管絮状结构。
所述的定型处理具体包括以下步骤：将上述碳纳米管絮状结构置于一容器中；将碳纳米管絮状结构按照预定形状摊开；施加一定压力于摊开的碳纳米管絮状结构薄膜；以及，将溶剂烘干或等溶剂自然挥发后获得碳纳米管薄膜。
所述的分离和定型处理具体包括以下步骤：提供一微孔滤膜及一抽气漏斗；将上述含有碳纳米管絮状结构的溶剂经过微孔滤膜倒入抽气漏斗中；抽滤并干燥后获得碳纳米管薄膜。
所述的碳纳米管薄膜为1微米至2毫米。
与现有技术相比较，所述的碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法通过将碳纳米管原料进行絮化处理后使碳纳米管相互缠绕，具有很好的韧性。而且，该制备方法可在制备过程中对碳纳米管薄膜的厚度和面密度进行控制，工序简单，易于实际应用。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例纳米薄膜的制备方法的流程示意图。
图2是本发明实施例获得的碳纳米管絮状结构的照片。
图3是本发明实施例获得的预定形状的碳纳米管薄膜的照片。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图详细说明本实施例碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法。
请参阅图1，本实施例碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法主要包括以下步骤：
步骤一：提供一碳纳米管阵列，优选地，该阵列为超顺排碳纳米管阵列。
本实施例中，碳纳米管阵列的制备方法采用化学气相沉积法，其具体步骤包括：(a)提供一平整基底，该基底可选用P型或N型硅基底，或选用形成有氧化层的硅基底，本实施例优选为采用4英寸的硅基底；(b)在基底表面均匀形成一催化剂层，该催化剂层材料可选用铁(Fe)、钴(Co)、镍(Ni)或其任意组合的合金之一；(c)将上述形成有催化剂层的基底在700～900℃的空气中退火约30分钟～90分钟；(d)将处理过的基底置于反应炉中，在保护气体环境下加热到500～740℃，然后通入碳源气体反应约5～30分钟，生长得到碳纳米管阵列，其高度大于100微米。该碳纳米管阵列为多个彼此平行且垂直于基底生长的碳纳米管形成的纯碳纳米管阵列，由于生成的碳纳米管长度较长，部分碳纳米管会相互缠绕。通过上述控制生长条件，该超顺排碳纳米管阵列中基本不含有杂质，如无定型碳或残留的催化剂金属颗粒等。本实施例中碳源气可选用乙炔等化学性质较活泼的碳氢化合物，保护气体可选用氮气、氨气或惰性气体。可以理解的是，本实施例提供的碳纳米管阵列不限于上述制备方法。
步骤二：使碳纳米管阵列脱离基底，获得碳纳米管原料。
本实施例优选采用刀片或其他工具将碳纳米管从基底刮落，获得碳纳米管原料，其中碳纳米管一定程度上保持相互缠绕的状态。
步骤三：将上述碳纳米管原料添加到溶剂中并进行絮化处理获得碳纳米管絮状结构。
本实施例中，溶剂可选用水、易挥发的有机溶剂等。絮化处理可通过采用超声波分散处理或高强度搅拌等方法。优选地，本实施例采用超声波分散10～30分钟。由于碳纳米管具有极大的比表面积，相互缠绕的碳纳米管之间具有较大的范德华力。上述絮化处理并不会将碳纳米管原料中的碳纳米管完全分散在溶剂中，碳纳米管之间通过范德华力相互吸引、缠绕，形成网络状结构。
步骤四：将上述碳纳米管絮状结构从溶剂中分离，并对该碳纳米管絮状结构定型处理以获得碳纳米管薄膜。
本实施例中，分离碳纳米管絮状结构的方法具体包括以下步骤：将上述含有碳纳米管絮状结构的溶剂倒入放有滤纸的漏斗中；静置干燥一段时间从而获得分离的碳纳米管絮状结构。请参阅图2，为置于滤纸上的碳纳米管絮状结构。可以看出，碳纳米管相互缠绕成不规则的絮状结构。
定型处理具体包括以下步骤：将上述碳纳米管絮状结构置于一容器中；将碳纳米管絮状结构按照预定形状摊开；施加一定压力于摊开的碳纳米管絮状结构；以及，将碳纳米管絮状结构中残留的溶剂烘干或等溶剂自然挥发后获得碳纳米管薄膜。可以理解，本实施例可通过控制碳纳米管絮状结构摊片的面积来控制碳纳米管薄膜的厚度和面密度。摊片的面积越大，则碳纳米管薄膜的厚度和面密度就越小。本实施例中获得的碳纳米管薄膜的厚度为1微米至2毫米。
另外，上述分离与定型处理步骤也可直接通过抽滤的方式获得碳纳米管薄膜，具体包括以下步骤：提供一微孔滤膜及一抽气漏斗；将上述含有碳纳米管絮状结构的溶剂经过微孔滤膜倒入抽气漏斗中；抽滤并干燥后获得碳纳米管薄膜。该微孔滤膜为一表面光滑、孔径为0.22微米的滤膜。由于抽滤方式本身将提供一较大的气压作用于碳纳米管絮状结构，该碳纳米管絮状结构经过抽滤会直接形成一均匀的碳纳米管薄膜。且，由于微孔滤膜表面光滑，该碳纳米管薄膜容易剥离。
请参阅图3，本实施例获得的碳纳米管薄膜中，由于碳纳米管相互缠绕，因此具有很好的韧性，可以弯曲折叠成任意形状而不破裂。
本实施例中碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法具有以下优点：其一，通过将碳纳米管原料进行絮化处理后使碳纳米管相互缠绕，具有很好的韧性；其二，该制备方法可在制备过程中对碳纳米管薄膜的厚度和面密度进行控制，工序简单，易于实际应用。
另外，本领域技术人员还可在本发明精神内作其它变化，当然这些依据本发明精神所作的变化，都应包含在本发明所要求保护的范围内。
Claims (8)
1. 一种碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法，包括：将碳纳米管原料加入到溶剂中并进行絮化处理获得碳纳米管絮状结构；以及将上述碳纳米管絮状结构从溶剂中分离，并对该碳纳米管絮状结构定型处理以获得碳纳米管薄膜。
2. 如权利要求1所述的碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的碳纳米管原料的制备包括以下步骤：提供一碳纳米管阵列；以及使碳纳米管阵列脱离基底，获得碳纳米管原料。
3. 如权利要求1所述的碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的絮化处理的方法包括超声波分散处理或高强度搅拌。
4. 如权利要求1所述的碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的溶剂为水或有机溶剂。
5. 如权利要求1所述的碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的分离碳纳米管絮状结构的方法具体包括以下步骤：将上述含有碳纳米管絮状结构的溶剂倒入放有滤纸的漏斗中；静置干燥一段时间从而获得分离的碳纳米管絮状结构。
6. 如权利要求1所述的碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的定型处理碳纳米管絮状结构的方法具体包括以下步骤：将上述碳纳米管絮状结构置于一容器中；将碳纳米管絮状结构按照预定形状摊开；施加一定压力于摊开的碳纳米管絮状结构；以及，将碳纳米管絮状结构中残留的溶剂烘干或等溶剂自然挥发后获得碳纳米管薄膜。
7. 如权利要求1所述的碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的分离和定型处理具体包括以下步骤：提供一微孔滤膜及一抽气漏斗；将上述含有碳纳米管絮状结构的溶剂经过微孔滤膜倒入抽气漏斗中；抽滤并干燥后获得碳纳米管薄膜。
8. 如权利要求1所述的碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的碳纳米管薄膜的厚度为1微米至2毫米。
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| CN2007100740275A CN101284662B (zh) | 2007-04-13 | 2007-04-13 | 碳纳米管薄膜的制备方法 |
| US12/004,673 US8808589B2 (en) | 2007-04-13 | 2007-12-20 | Method for making a carbon nanotube film |
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