CN101182180B - 一种红外玻镁板及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种红外玻镁板及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
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- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种红外玻镁板及制备方法，属于玻镁板技术领域。以轻烧菱苦土粉(主要为MgO)、卤片(MgCl2·6H2O)、填料(珍珠岩、木屑)、玻纤、无纺布、改性剂和水为主要原料制备优质玻镁板，并用红外微晶玻璃(MgO-Al2O3-SiO2，MAS)纤维代替玻镁板制作中所使用的普通玻纤，使玻镁板的外侧或者中间复合有红外微晶玻璃纤维，得到一种具有高红外发射率的玻镁板。优点在于，该玻镁板具有较高的强度和显著的医疗保健作用，而且该种玻镁板不吸潮返卤，不翘曲变形，可广泛用于建筑、防火、医疗和保健等领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于玻镁板技术领域，特别涉及一种红外玻镁板及制备方法。制备的红外玻镁板具有保健作用，高红外发射效率、较高的强度，不吸潮返卤、不翘曲变形等综合性能。
背景技术
菱镁制品因其成本低、重量轻、耐腐蚀性能优良而受到青睐，虽然能在普通的使用场合满足一定的要求，但是由于自身的缺陷又限制了它更加广泛的推广和应用，主要存在三方面的不足：(1)强度低。目前大多数菱镁制品所使用的增强材料为无纺布和普通玻璃纤维，由于菱镁制品的制作方法是将混和料、玻璃纤维、无纺布通过辊压而成，然后养护晾干。用这种方法制备的菱镁板的强度主要取决于增强材料的强度以及混合料与增强材料的润湿性。普通玻璃纤维的耐酸碱性弱于微晶玻璃纤维的耐酸碱性，因此用微晶玻璃纤维代替玻璃纤维可显著提高这种增强材料及菱镁制品的强度。(2)吸潮返卤，翘曲变形。在潮湿的环境下，菱镁制品表面的游离氯化镁会吸收空气中的水分形成其水溶液。以水珠吸附在制品表面，而制品内部的游离氯化镁也会通过与表面连通的毛细孔隙吸附水分而溶解，并随水分蒸发由内部向表面迁移。当表面水分蒸发后。在制品表而便形成白色斑点，即返卤；并且由于菱镁制品在水化过程的不均匀膨胀造成菱镁装饰板产生翘曲变形，严重影响了该种板材的装饰效果和推广使用。(3)用途单一。目前绝大多数菱镁制品只作为一般性的结构、防火材料，但是大部分用于有人活动的场所，若使用红外菱镁材料不仅能起到结构、防火材料的作用，而且还可以蓄热，并发射出红外线，将使由玻镁板构建的场所具有显著的蓄热、红外保健功能。
因此，本发明首先通过合适的配方和工艺制备出不吸潮返卤、不翘曲变形的优质菱镁制品，然后以红外微晶玻璃纤维布替代传统菱镁制品中的增强材料——玻璃纤维，制得具有高红外发射效率，高强度，不吸潮返卤、不翘曲变形的红外玻镁板。
发明内容
本发明在于提供一种红外玻镁板及制备方法，该红外玻镁板具有较高的红外线发射效率和强度，且不吸潮返卤、翘曲变形，具有良好的保健作用。
本发明的红外玻镁板由红外微晶玻璃纤维、菱镁料浆、无纺布、改性剂组成，其中红外微晶玻璃纤维占总重量的8～12wt.％，菱镁料浆占总重量的85～90wt.％，无纺布占总重量的0.2～1.0wt.％，改性剂占总重量的0.5～2.5wt.％；玻镁板的结构为玻镁板的外侧或者中间复合有红外微晶玻璃纤维。
本发明所述的红外微晶玻璃纤维的成分为MgO、Al2O3、SiO2、Fe2O3、MnO、CuO，其中各成分之间的重量百分比分别是MgO为12～16wt.％，Al2O3为20～25wt.％，SiO2为40～45wt.％，TiO2为3～8wt.％，Fe2O3为6～13wt.％，MnO为4～8wt.％，CuO为2～6wt.％，显微组织为蓳青石固溶体结构。
本发明所述的菱镁料浆由菱苦土粉MgO、卤片MgCl2·6H2O、填料、水组成，其中MgO/MgCl2的摩尔比为10～12，H2O/MgCl2的摩尔比为12～18，填料质量分数为菱苦土粉的20～25wt.％，填料为珍珠岩和木屑，珍珠岩和木屑的质量比为3∶2。
本发明所述的改性剂由硫酸铝、脲醛树脂、萘磺酸NNO、磷酸钠、三乙醇胺、热水中的二种或二种以上或全部组成，各成分之间的重量比是(0～1.5)∶(0～2)∶(0～1)∶(0.5～1.5)∶(0～10)∶(5～12)。
原料配比的设计
本发明选择轻烧菱苦土粉(主要为MgO)、卤片(MgCl2·6H2O)、填料(珍珠岩、木屑)、玻纤、红外微晶玻璃纤维、无纺布、改性剂和水为主要原料。取MgO/MgCl2的摩尔比为10～12，该比例太小会存在过量未反应的MgCl2，使得制品容易出现白霜，太大则会降低制品的强度。H2O/MgCl2的摩尔比为12～18(应先测定活性MgO的含量，适当调整配比)，取填料(珍珠岩和木屑)质量分数为轻烧菱苦土粉的20％～25％，其中珍珠岩和木屑的质量比控制为3∶2，这样既可以提高料浆的和易性，又能保证板块的韧性要求，改性剂质量分数为轻烧菱苦土粉的1％～3％，微晶玻璃纤维的质量分数为8～12％，此外，还加入占玻镁板总重量0.15～0.45％的消泡剂(聚硅氧烷)。该材料配比的特点在于通过MgO/MgCl2的摩尔比来抑制吸潮返卤，通过改性剂来提高制品的耐水性，同时防止了制品表面泛霜的发生，并且可以使得制品早强，减小在后续养护和使用过程中的膨胀变形。
制备工艺
为了实现本发明的目的，本发明所采用的制备工艺为：
(1)配制改性剂
将硫酸铝、脲醛树脂、萘磺酸NNO、磷酸钠、三乙醇胺、热水中的二种或二种以上或全部，按各成分之间的重量比(0～1.5)∶(0～2)∶(0～1)∶(0.5～1.5)∶(0～10)∶(5～12)混合溶化；将混合好的溶液搅拌均匀，待用；
(2)料浆制备
①根据所设计的原料配比精确称取原料，其中MgO/MgCl2的摩尔比为10～12，H2O/MgCl2的摩尔比为12～18，填料质量分数为菱苦土粉的20～25wt.％，填料为珍珠岩和木屑(质量比为3∶2)；将卤片、水和改性剂混合，并加入消泡剂(聚硅氧烷)的1/3，搅拌均匀；
②向搅拌机中加入每批量所需菱苦土粉的2/3，在搅拌下加入所需卤水和改性剂的混合溶液，搅拌8～10分钟，然后再加入其余菱苦土粉，搅拌3～6分钟，搅拌速度为60～120r/min；
③加入木屑与水的混合物，其中木屑与水的质量比为1∶(0.1～0.3)；
④加入珍珠岩与水的混合物，其中珍珠岩与水的质量比为1∶(0.1～0.3)；
⑤加入所剩余2/3的消泡剂，搅拌5～8分钟。同时准备占玻镁板总重量5％的卤水以便调节料浆的和易性。
(3)原板成型
①将料浆搅拌均匀之后采用模具成型，首先在所用模具(板)上刷涂一层厚度小于1mm的脱模剂(如机油)。
②在模具底部铺一层红外微晶玻璃纤维布，将菱镁浆料均匀加入制板机的进料端，浇注料浆，最后在顶部铺设一层红外微晶玻璃纤维和一层无纺布；
③将菱镁浆料与模板和上下两层微晶玻璃玻璃纤维网经一对辊子挤压成型，并再由一对辊子滚压定型。
(4)脱模养护
①将成型的素板在室温下(10～40℃)放置6～10h即可脱模(或者保湿养护24h脱模)；
②脱模之后将板块放入清水中冲洗，去除制品表面多余的未反应物，然后覆盖塑料薄膜进行保湿养护，与此同时，在板块表面放置重物，以限制在养护过程中的变形；
③素板在保湿养护后，干燥。
本发明的优点在于，该玻镁板具有高红外发射率，较高的强度和显著的医疗保健作用，而且该种玻镁板不吸潮返卤，不翘曲变形，可广泛用于建筑、防火、医疗和保健等领域。
附图说明
图1是红外玻镁板制备工艺流程。
图2是板坯成型工作原理。其中，导辊1，玻璃纤维/红外微晶玻璃纤维2、浸胶辊3、料槽4、稀物料5、无纺布6、成型辊7、物料8、料斗9、红外微晶玻璃纤维10、下模板11。
图3是红外玻镁板的结构。其中，无纺布1，菱镁料浆2，红外微晶玻璃纤维3。
具体实施方式
下面以实施例具体地描述本发明，本发明的范围不受实施例的限制。
实施例1
首先配制改性剂，将磷酸钠，三聚磷酸钠，热水以1∶1∶10的质量配比混合配制成改性剂50千克，待用。然后称量菱苦土粉200千克，木屑60千克，珍珠岩30千克，卤水200千克，改性剂16千克，聚硅氧烷1千克。把200千克卤水和16千克改性剂混合，并加入0.6千克聚硅氧烷，搅拌均匀。向搅拌机中加入每批量所需菱苦土粉的2/3(即134千克)，在搅拌下加入卤水与改性剂的混合溶液，搅拌约10分钟，再加入其余的菱苦土粉66千克，搅拌3分钟，搅拌速度60～120转/分为宜。然后加入木屑与水的混合物72千克，珍珠岩与水的混合物36千克，其余的消泡剂0.4千克，搅拌6分钟。
在模板上适量刷涂一层机油脱模剂，将菱镁料浆均匀加入制板机的进料端，与模板和上层无纺布和下层玻璃纤维一起经一对辊子挤压成型，再由一对辊子辊压成型。经刮板抹平表面的水纹，保湿养护。养护2天，脱模干燥，切割。
实施例2
首先配制改性剂，将硫酸铝、脲醛树脂、萘磺酸NNO、磷酸钠、三乙醇胺、热水按1∶1∶1∶1∶9∶10的质量配比混合配制成改性剂50千克，待用。然后称量菱苦土粉200千克，木屑60千克，珍珠岩30千克，卤水200千克，改性剂16千克，聚硅氧烷1.5千克。把200千克卤水和16千克改性剂混合，并加入0.7千克聚硅氧烷，搅拌均匀。向搅拌机中加入每批量所需菱苦土粉的2/3(即134千克)，在搅拌下加入卤水与改性剂的混合溶液，搅拌约10分钟，再加入其余的菱苦土粉66千克，搅拌3分钟，搅拌速度60～120转/分为宜。然后加入木屑与水的混合物73千克，珍珠岩与水的混合物38千克，其余的消泡剂0.8千克，搅拌6分钟。
在模板上适量刷涂一层机油脱模剂，将菱镁料浆均匀加入制板机的进料端，与模板和上层无纺布和下层红外微晶玻璃纤维一起经一对辊子挤压成型，再由一对辊子辊压成型。经刮板抹平表面的水纹，保湿养护。养护2天，脱模干燥，切。
Claims (1)
1.一种制备红外玻镁板的方法，其特征在于，
红外玻镁板由红外微晶玻璃纤维、菱镁料浆、无纺布、改性剂组成，其中红外微晶玻璃纤维占总重量的8～12wt.％，菱镁料浆占总重量的85～90wt.％，无纺布占总重量的0.2～1.0wt.％，改性剂占总重量的0.5～2.5wt.％；还加入占玻镁板总重量0.15～0.45％的消泡剂聚硅氧烷，玻镁板的结构为玻镁板的外侧复合有红外微晶玻璃纤维；
所述红外微晶玻璃纤维的成分为MgO、Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2，Fe2O3、MnO、CuO，其中各成分之间的重量百分比分别是MgO为12～16wt.％，Al2O3为20～25wt.％，SiO2为40～45wt.％，TiO2为3～8wt.％，Fe2O3为6～13wt.％，MnO为4～8wt.％，CuO为2～6wt.％，显微组织为蓳青石固溶体结构，
所述菱镁浆料由菱苦土粉MgO、卤片MgCl2·6H2O、填料、水组成；
工艺步骤为：
(1)配制改性剂
将硫酸铝、脲醛树脂、亚甲基双萘磺酸钠NNO、磷酸钠、三乙醇胺、热水中的二种或二种以上或全部，按各成分之间的重量比0～1.5∶0～2∶0～1∶0.5～1.5∶0～10∶5～12混合溶化；将混合好的溶液搅拌均匀，待用；
(2)菱镁料浆制备
根据所设计的原料配比精确称取原料，其中MgO/MgCl2的摩尔比为10～12，H2O/MgCl2的摩尔比为12～18，填料质量分数为菱苦土粉的20～25wt.％，填料为珍珠岩和木屑，珍珠岩和木屑的质量比为3∶2；将卤片、水和改性剂混合，并加入消泡剂聚硅氧烷的1/3，搅拌均匀；
向搅拌机中加入每批量所需菱苦土粉的2/3，在搅拌下加入所述卤片、水和改性剂的混合溶液，搅拌8～10分钟，然后再加入其余菱苦土粉，搅拌3～6分钟，搅拌速度为60～120r/min；
加入木屑与水的混合物，其中木屑与水的质量比为1∶0.1～0.3；
加入珍珠岩与水的混合物，其中珍珠岩与水的质量比为1∶0.1～0.3；
加入所剩余2/3的聚硅氧烷，搅拌5～8分钟；
(3)原板成型
将料浆搅拌均匀之后采用模具成型，首先在所用模具上刷涂一层厚度小于1mm的脱模剂；
在模具底部铺一层红外微晶玻璃纤维布，将菱镁料浆均匀加入制板机的进料端，浇注料浆，最后在顶部铺设一层红外微晶玻璃纤维布和一层无纺布；
将菱镁浆料与模板和上下两层微晶玻璃玻璃纤维布经一对辊子挤压成型，并再由一对辊子滚压定型；
(4)脱模养护
将成型的素板在室温下10～40℃放置6～10h脱模或者保湿养护24h脱模；
脱模之后将板块放入清水中冲洗，去除制品表面多余的未反应物，然后覆盖塑料薄膜进行保湿养护，与此同时，在板块表面放置重物，以限制在养护过程中的变形；
素板在保湿养护后，干燥。
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| CN101985997B (zh) * | 2010-05-22 | 2012-02-01 | 袁雪祥 | 一种镁钢保护管套及其制作方法 |
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| CN103362265A (zh) * | 2012-04-10 | 2013-10-23 | 丁召志 | 高强度高韧性耐雨淋的红外水泥保温装饰板 |
| CN103641368B (zh) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-09-09 | 湖南化工职业技术学院 | 一种菱镁胶凝材料外加剂及其使用方法 |
| CN103821247A (zh) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-05-28 | 德清京浙建材有限公司 | 一种玻镁防火板及制作方法 |
| CN104942965A (zh) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-30 | 天津东庆科技发展有限公司 | 建筑围墙预制件的制备方法及建筑围墙墙板 |
| CN106592911A (zh) * | 2016-11-19 | 2017-04-26 | 张家港市盛港绿色防火建材有限公司 | 一种防水保暖的集装箱专用地板 |
| CN108949165A (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-12-07 | 张世远 | 低成本高品位规模化生产传承古建结构的方法 |
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