CN101081002A - Floating seedling substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Floating seedling substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101081002A
CN101081002A CNA2007101015165A CN200710101516A CN101081002A CN 101081002 A CN101081002 A CN 101081002A CN A2007101015165 A CNA2007101015165 A CN A2007101015165A CN 200710101516 A CN200710101516 A CN 200710101516A CN 101081002 A CN101081002 A CN 101081002A
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China
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preparation
plant
vermiculite
fermentation
interstitial substance
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CNA2007101015165A
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Chinese (zh)
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许文林
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Yunnan Mile Tobacco Material Co ltd
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Yunnan Mile Tobacco Material Co ltd
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Priority to CNA2007101015165A priority Critical patent/CN101081002A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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Abstract

A preparation method of a floating seedling substrate comprises the following steps: (1) crushing plant straws, (2) mixing bagasse and crushed straws in proportion, adding urea, uniformly mixing, adding water, stacking and fermenting, controlling the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the materials to be 25-30, wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 8-12 months, and the materials are plant rotten clinker, (3) sterilizing and disinfecting the plant rotten clinker at high temperature, (4) mixing the materials in proportion, (5) crushing the plant materials, perlite, vermiculite and lignite to the required requirements, and (6) uniformly mixing the raw materials, inspecting, packaging and warehousing. The floating seedling raising substrate consists of plant material 30-50 wt%, pearlite 20-30 wt%, vermiculite 5-15 wt% and lignite 15-30 wt%, and is prepared through the said process. The bagasse, a main raw material of the invention, belongs to renewable resources, has abundant quantity, stable and controllable source and easy processing, has stable quality, can better emerge, grow and grow seedlings, can effectively reduce the cost of the matrix, and ensures the popularization and stable development of the floating seedling technology. It is also beneficial to the protection of peat resources and ecological environment and the improvement of the utilization rate of wastes.

Description

A kind of levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial breeding matrix and preparation method thereof, concrete is a kind of levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance and preparation method thereof.
Technical background
Floating seedlings is comparatively advanced at present novel seedling raising manners.Compare with conventional seedbed system and to have the saving of labor, save time, economize ground, cultivate Miao Zhuanhe and be convenient to characteristics such as commercialization production management.In recent years, the floating seedlings technology has obtained using widely and promoting on tobacco, vegetables and flowers and other crops are grown seedlings, and has obtained good economic and social benefit.Matrix is the key material of floating seedlings, and the quality of its matrix quality is directly connected to the quality and quantity of emerging, and the height of matrix cost to be restriction floating seedlings technology popularize and the principal element of stable development.Producing at present and going up the levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance that uses is to be Organic Ingredients to be rich in organic deep layer peat, be equipped with suitable light material again, formulated as vermiculite, fine perlite etc., wherein peat accounts for the 60%-70% of percent by volume, and light material accounts for the 30%-40% of percent by volume.Producing at present and going up the main weak point of using of levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance is peat large usage quantity in the matrix formulations, and peat is the main matter of water conservation at occurring in nature, its limited amount, belong to shielded non-renewable resources, very big as long-term exhaustive exploitation to the influence at natural environment destruction and water source; The physicochemical character of different in addition deep layer peat differs greatly, and causes matrix formulations quality instability, is difficult to satisfy the needs of floating seedlings commercialization production management, has influenced nursery effect; Along with the continuous exploitation of peat resource and the discovery of new purposes, go up in the market price of peat, makes the matrix cost increase, and restricted popularizing and stable development of floating seedlings technology to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is problem at the deficiency of existing levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance existence; the technical scheme of a kind of levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance and preparation method thereof is proposed; the present invention is the organic materials of developing a kind of steady sources, renewable, easy processing, low cost, being rich in organic matter; substitute non-renewable peat resource in the existing levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance; thereby protect the peat resource; reduce the matrix production cost, improve the matrix quality, guarantee popularizing and stable development of floating seedlings technology.
The preparation method of levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance is as follows:
(1) straw fragmentation, bagasse and crushing straw are in 2~4: 1 ratio is mixed, and adds 1.0~2.5kg/m simultaneously 3Add the fermentation of water system heap after urea is puddled evenly, the earlier fermentation moisture is controlled between 60%~70%, and the material fermentation temperature is controlled at 60-80 ℃; Fermentation later stage moisture is controlled at 40%~50%, and temperature is controlled at 40-70 ℃; Control material carbon-nitrogen ratio is to 25-30, and the time is 8-12 month, is the plant material that becomes thoroughly decomposed,
(2) plant is become thoroughly decomposed and expects high-temperature sterilization, sterilization,
(3) by volume percentage matches well batching, vegetable material 30%~50%, perlite 20%~30%, vermiculite 5%~15%, brown coal 15%~30%, and each volume feed sum is 100%,
(4) perlite, vermiculite, brown coal are crushed to requirement,
(5) each raw material mixes, check, packing, warehouse-in.
Described straw is broken for length less than 60 millimeters the filament wadding and the mixture of fragment.The described temperature of charge of regularly regularly measuring weekly changes, and controls the fermentation temperature and the moisture of material by adding water and turning, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of every month mensuration material.Each raw material particle size is perlite 2-3 millimeter, vermiculite 2-3 millimeter, brown coal 1-6 millimeter.
Levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance is made up of following raw material, and the each component percent by volume is, vegetable material 30%~50%, perlite 20%~30%, vermiculite 5%~15%, brown coal 15%~30%, and each volume feed sum is 100%, by above-mentioned method preparation.
Described straw is cereal crops stalk or leaf and hays such as corn, jowar, paddy rice and wheat.
The present invention substitutes peat after treatment with pressing sugared trade waste bagasse, produces levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance, and the key of its technology is the fermentation maturity technology of bagasse and screening two aspects of matrix formulations.The bagasse carbon-nitrogen ratio is bigger, is difficult for spontaneous fermentation and becomes thoroughly decomposed, and can not be directly used in matrix production, must could use behind fermentation maturity, the degree of the becoming thoroughly decomposed difference of bagasse is bigger to the influence of growing seedlings in addition, and is excessive as becoming thoroughly decomposed in the production, mud behind the chance water, influence the matrix permeability, and it is not enough to become thoroughly decomposed, and secondary fermentation easily takes place when growing seedlings, the seedling phenomenon appears burning, fermentation time generally about 8-12 month, can lack when environmental temperature was high by fermentation time, and fermentation time can be longer when environmental temperature was low.Adding the plant straw in matrix, is good with cereal crops stalks such as corn, jowar paddy rice and wheats, also can adopt leaf and hay.And matrix formulations has determined the physicochemical character index and the product quality of substrate products, emerges, grows and become growth of cereal crop seedlings condition with what directly influence floating seedlings.The present invention is through the screening test research of growing seedlings of a large amount of various fermentation maturity engineer testings and matrix formulations, finishing screen is selected the mixed fermentation technology technology of bagasse and is the levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance prescription of key component with bagasse, this technology is promoted through production application, has obtained good economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Advantage of the present invention is that bagasse belongs to renewable resources, quantity is abundant, steady sources is controlled, easily processing, cost is lower than peat, and the matrix quality of its production is more stable, can emerge preferably, grow and become seedling, and can effectively reduce the matrix cost, guarantee popularizing and stable development of floating seedlings technology.Also help simultaneously peat resource and ecological environmental protection and raising salvage value.
Embodiment
One, vegetable material mixed culture fermentation
1, get the raw materials ready: bagasse and broken straw be 2-4 by volume: 1 ratio is got the raw materials ready, and urea is got the raw materials ready by 1.0-2.5 kilogram/cubic meter.Wherein broken straw is good with cereal crops such as corn, Chinese sorghum, paddy rice and wheat classes, also can use reed, leaf weeds etc., can use one or more mixing wherein to use in the production separately, earlier carry out fragmentation with cracker before using, material is broken into length and wads a quilt with cotton or fractionlet less than 60 millimeters filament.Vegetable material can be used fresh material, also can adopt siccative.
2, material is puddled: bagasse and broken straw be 2-4 by volume: 1 ratio, urea are puddled according to producing consumption in the ratio of 1.0-2.5 kilogram/cubic meter, and plant mixture volume percentage sum is 100%.
Bagasse (%) Crop straw (%) Leaf (%) Weeds (%)
Embodiment 1 66 24 5 5
Embodiment 2 70 30 0 0
Embodiment 3 75 25 0 0
Embodiment 4 75 20 5 0
Embodiment 5 80 15 5
3, system heap fermentation: every heap fermentation materials volume is not more than 2 ten thousand steres, and the heap high altitude is below 3.5 meters.1-6 month is earlier fermentation, and moisture content of material is controlled between 60%~70%, and the material fermentation temperature is controlled at 60-80 ℃; 7-9 month is later stage fermentation, and moisture content of material is controlled at 40%~50%, and temperature is controlled at 40-70 ℃.Regularly regularly measure temperature of charge weekly and change, in time control the fermentation temperature and the moisture of material by adding water and turning, measured the carbon-nitrogen ratio of material in every month, the physicochemical character of understanding material changes.Generally about 8-12 month, the material carbon-nitrogen ratio can be reduced between the 25-30 by 170.76~195.1, is the plant material that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and can be used for the production of substrate products.
Two, substrate products production
1, get the raw materials ready: according to producing consumption, the required plant material that becomes thoroughly decomposed is adopted high-temperature sterilization, sterilization treatment, prepare perlite and vermiculite that particle diameter is 2-3mm simultaneously, particle diameter is the brown coal of 1-6mm.
2, finished product matrix is produced: at first by volume percentage is got the raw materials ready,
The plant material (%) that becomes thoroughly decomposed Perlite (%) Vermiculite (%) Brown coal (%)
Embodiment 1 30 30 14 26
Embodiment 2 37 25 8 30
Embodiment 3 50 20 5 25
Embodiment 4 48 22 15 15
Embodiment 5 36 28 10 26
Each raw material percent by volume sum is 100% in the prescription, and is even various mixing of materials then, packs at last, checks and put in storage.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of preparation method of levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance is characterized in that,
(1) straw fragmentation, bagasse and crushing straw are in 2~4: 1 ratio is mixed, and adds 1.0~2.5kg/m simultaneously 3Add the fermentation of water system heap after urea is puddled evenly, the earlier fermentation moisture is controlled between 60%~70%, and the material fermentation temperature is controlled at 60-80 ℃; Fermentation later stage moisture is controlled at 40%~50%, and temperature is controlled at 40-70 ℃; Control material carbon-nitrogen ratio is to 25-30, and the time is 8-12 month, is the plant material that becomes thoroughly decomposed,
(2) plant is become thoroughly decomposed and expects high-temperature sterilization, sterilization,
(3) by volume percentage matches well batching, vegetable material 30%~50%, perlite 20%~30%, vermiculite 5%~15%, brown coal 15%~30%, and each volume feed sum is 100%,
(4) perlite, vermiculite, brown coal are crushed to requirement,
(5) each raw material mixes, check, packing, warehouse-in.
2, the preparation method of a kind of levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance according to claim 1 is characterized in that, regularly regularly measures temperature of charge weekly and changes, and controls the fermentation temperature and the moisture of material by adding water and turning, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of every month mensuration material.
3, the preparation method of a kind of levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance according to claim 1 is characterized in that, straw is broken for length less than 60 millimeters the filament wadding and the mixture of fragment.
4, the preparation method of a kind of levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance according to claim 1 is characterized in that, controls each raw material particle size, perlite 2-3 millimeter, vermiculite 2-3 millimeter, brown coal 1-6 millimeter.
5, a kind of levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance, it is characterized in that, form by following raw material, the each component percent by volume is, vegetable material 30%~50%, perlite 20%~30%, vermiculite 5%~15%, brown coal 15%~30%, each volume feed sum is 100%, by the described method preparation of claim 1.
6, a kind of levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance according to claim 5 is characterized in that, straw is cereal crops stalk or leaf and hays such as corn, jowar, paddy rice and wheat.
CNA2007101015165A 2006-12-06 2007-04-24 Floating seedling substrate and preparation method thereof Pending CN101081002A (en)

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CN200610048883 2006-12-06
CN200610048883.9 2006-12-06
CNA2007101015165A CN101081002A (en) 2006-12-06 2007-04-24 Floating seedling substrate and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101855986A (en) * 2010-06-10 2010-10-13 梅金柱 Substrate for floating seedling cultivation
CN102381900A (en) * 2011-01-27 2012-03-21 沾益县禄源有限责任公司 Seedling matrix developed by utilizing organic fluvial sand
CN102531768A (en) * 2011-12-05 2012-07-04 广西康华农业股份有限公司 Selenium-enriched seedling raising matrix for cultivating organic selenium-enriched rice
CN102696424A (en) * 2012-04-20 2012-10-03 福建省烟草公司龙岩市公司 Improved environmentally-friendly flue-cured tobacco seedling matrix and method for preparing same
CN103025150A (en) * 2010-06-30 2013-04-03 罗克伍尔国际公司 Growth substrate product, method of growing plants and process of making a growth substrate product
CN104012336A (en) * 2014-05-29 2014-09-03 云南玉溪源天生物产业开发有限责任公司 Quick fermentation process of bagasse and method for preparing float breeding matrixes through bagasse
CN104322356A (en) * 2013-09-18 2015-02-04 弥渡县众联中药材种植农民专业合作社 Erigeron breviscapus seedling breeding substrate and manufacturing method thereof
CN104387184A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-03-04 何勇 Teasel root seedling matrix
CN104429706A (en) * 2014-10-10 2015-03-25 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 Degradable floating nursery site and manufacturing method thereof
CN108142246A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-06-12 云南省林业科学院 It is a kind of using bagasse as light seedling raising medium of raw material and preparation method thereof
CN108235912A (en) * 2018-01-11 2018-07-03 云南省林业科学院 It is a kind of using coffee industrial wood waste as the seedling medium and preparation method of raw material
CN108668835A (en) * 2018-04-04 2018-10-19 贺州学院 It is a kind of to utilize bagasse production Flemingia philippinensis levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance and method
CN110235745A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-09-17 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 A kind of turf replaces type solanaceous vegetables soilless raising seedling substrate and preparation method thereof
CN112586310A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-02 江苏培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 Floating seedling raising matrix prepared from vinegar residues and preparation method thereof
CN113243280A (en) * 2021-04-25 2021-08-13 云南汇龙农业科技有限公司 General horticultural crop growth substrate capable of inhibiting pathogenic bacteria
CN114258838A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-04-01 贵州茅台酒厂(集团)循环经济产业投资开发有限公司 Wine sorghum seedling culture medium based on vinasse and pit mud and preparation method thereof

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101855986A (en) * 2010-06-10 2010-10-13 梅金柱 Substrate for floating seedling cultivation
CN103025150A (en) * 2010-06-30 2013-04-03 罗克伍尔国际公司 Growth substrate product, method of growing plants and process of making a growth substrate product
CN102381900A (en) * 2011-01-27 2012-03-21 沾益县禄源有限责任公司 Seedling matrix developed by utilizing organic fluvial sand
CN102381900B (en) * 2011-01-27 2014-01-01 沾益县禄源有限责任公司 Seedling matrix developed by utilizing organic fluvial sand
CN102531768A (en) * 2011-12-05 2012-07-04 广西康华农业股份有限公司 Selenium-enriched seedling raising matrix for cultivating organic selenium-enriched rice
CN102531768B (en) * 2011-12-05 2013-11-13 广西康华农业股份有限公司 Selenium-enriched seedling raising matrix for cultivating organic selenium-enriched rice
CN102696424A (en) * 2012-04-20 2012-10-03 福建省烟草公司龙岩市公司 Improved environmentally-friendly flue-cured tobacco seedling matrix and method for preparing same
CN104322356A (en) * 2013-09-18 2015-02-04 弥渡县众联中药材种植农民专业合作社 Erigeron breviscapus seedling breeding substrate and manufacturing method thereof
CN104012336A (en) * 2014-05-29 2014-09-03 云南玉溪源天生物产业开发有限责任公司 Quick fermentation process of bagasse and method for preparing float breeding matrixes through bagasse
CN104012336B (en) * 2014-05-29 2015-12-09 云南源天生物集团有限公司 Bagasse fast fermentation method and prepare levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance with fermentation bagasse
CN104429706A (en) * 2014-10-10 2015-03-25 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 Degradable floating nursery site and manufacturing method thereof
CN104429706B (en) * 2014-10-10 2017-12-15 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 A kind of degradable floating seedling tray and its manufacture method
CN104387184A (en) * 2014-11-14 2015-03-04 何勇 Teasel root seedling matrix
CN108235912A (en) * 2018-01-11 2018-07-03 云南省林业科学院 It is a kind of using coffee industrial wood waste as the seedling medium and preparation method of raw material
CN108142246A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-06-12 云南省林业科学院 It is a kind of using bagasse as light seedling raising medium of raw material and preparation method thereof
CN108668835A (en) * 2018-04-04 2018-10-19 贺州学院 It is a kind of to utilize bagasse production Flemingia philippinensis levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance and method
CN110235745A (en) * 2019-07-30 2019-09-17 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 A kind of turf replaces type solanaceous vegetables soilless raising seedling substrate and preparation method thereof
CN112586310A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-02 江苏培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 Floating seedling raising matrix prepared from vinegar residues and preparation method thereof
CN113243280A (en) * 2021-04-25 2021-08-13 云南汇龙农业科技有限公司 General horticultural crop growth substrate capable of inhibiting pathogenic bacteria
CN114258838A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-04-01 贵州茅台酒厂(集团)循环经济产业投资开发有限公司 Wine sorghum seedling culture medium based on vinasse and pit mud and preparation method thereof

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