CN101046273B - 用于加工用于柔性的隔热的导管的发泡或被充气的外壳的方法 - Google Patents

用于加工用于柔性的隔热的导管的发泡或被充气的外壳的方法 Download PDF

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CN101046273B
CN101046273B CN2007100918526A CN200710091852A CN101046273B CN 101046273 B CN101046273 B CN 101046273B CN 2007100918526 A CN2007100918526 A CN 2007100918526A CN 200710091852 A CN200710091852 A CN 200710091852A CN 101046273 B CN101046273 B CN 101046273B
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R·鲁迪
A·博利
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Brugg Rohr AG Holding
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    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
    • B29K2023/0608—PE, i.e. polyethylene characterised by its density
    • B29K2023/0616—VLDPE, i.e. very low density polyethylene
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    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
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Abstract

本发明描述由基于聚乙烯的热塑塑料制成的外壳(3)，用于柔性的隔热的导管，尤其是远程热输送管，其中：a)所述外壳(3)是发泡或起泡的，b)外壳材料的弹性模量为90至300MPa和c)外壳材料的密度为0.560至0.850g/cm3。

Description

用于加工用于柔性的隔热的导管的发泡或被充气的外壳的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于柔性隔热的导管的外壳。
背景技术
由EP 0 897 788已知隔热的导管，它由内管、包围内管的基于聚氨酯泡沫的隔热层以及外壳组成。已知的导管可以在连续的加工过程中以大的长度制成。通过挤出制成的外壳由聚乙烯制成并且具有波形的表面。
对于已知的导管的一个重要应用领域是远程热量输送。在此导管敷设在土壤里面。
不仅在加工时而且在敷设时导管的外壳处于明显的机械负荷下。由于缠绕在缆线滚筒上使外壳承受拉力和弯曲力。在敷设在土壤里面时外壳承受工作力。这些作用力由常见的聚乙烯外壳承受。
另一方面由于外壳的高机械强度值也引起导管的更高刚性，因此不能低于一个确定的弯曲半径。已知的导管或者缠绕在常见的缆线滚筒上或者缠绕成环带输送到使用地点。大直径的以导管缠绕的缆线滚筒或者大直径的环带在输送到敷设地点时存在问题。在敷设时导管的小柔性也证实是不利的，因为导管不能以小半径弯曲。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是，改进上述形式导管，从而提高可弯曲性或柔性，而不明显使外壳的机械特性变差。
这个目的通过一种用于加工用于柔性的隔热的导管的发泡或被充气的外壳的方法得以实现，所述方法的特征在于，由基于聚乙烯的粒料和与空心小球形式的工作介质混合的基于聚乙烯的粒料制造混合物，将混合物加入到挤压机里面，在那里熔融，并且以管状挤出熔液并且在从挤出口排出时或排出以后起泡或发泡，所述基于聚乙烯的粒料与混合有工作介质的基于聚乙烯的粒料的比例为90∶10至99∶1。
除了由目的提出直接给出的优点以外通过本发明还具有优点，所述导管比已知的导管具有更轻的重量。此外通过节省材料明显地降低成本，发泡率越高，即蜂窝在外壳中的数量越多，节省材料越多。
对于外壳特别适合的材料是低密度的聚乙烯(LDPE)、低密度的线性聚乙烯(LLDPE)以及低密度聚乙烯基乙烯共聚物。
对于外壳材料的发泡率优选为10至60％，即10至60％的体积由气体充满的蜂窝组成。对于蜂窝是直径小于0.5mm的蜂窝。
为了加工隔热的导管的外壳一种方法已经证实是特别有利的，在该方法中加工基于聚乙烯的粒料和与小球形式的工作介质混合的基于聚乙烯的粒料的混合物，将这种混合物加入到挤压机里面，在那里熔融，并且以管状挤出熔液并且在从挤出口排出时或排出以后小球起泡或发泡。
尤其是基于聚乙烯的粒料与混合有工作介质中的聚乙烯基粒料的比例为90∶10至99∶1。由此得到的优点是，可以精确地配量小球并因此可以准确地调节所期望的发泡率。所述小球有利地是空心球，它们以气体充满。
附图说明
下面借助于附图示意表示的实施例详细描述本发明。附图中：
在附图中以1表示内管，以2表示基于聚氨酯泡沫的隔热层并且以3表示基于聚乙烯的外壳。
具体实施方式
管子及制造方法由EP 08977788 B1公开。
代替单个的内管可以具有直到四个内管。所述内管最好由耦合(vernetzen)的聚乙烯制成。在隔热层2与外管3之间还具有未详细示出的薄膜，它一方面作为在加工时产生的聚氨酯泡沫的模具，另一方面也作为扩散止挡层，用于防止位于聚氨酯泡沫蜂窝中的蜂窝气体逸出。
按照本发明的理论所述外管3由发泡的基于聚乙烯的塑料制成。优选低密度的聚乙烯，如LDPE、VLDPE以及LLDPE。但是也可以使用基于LDPE的共聚物。
为了加工外管首先制备97-99份的粒料形式的LDPE。在加入到外壳挤出机以前使LDPE粒料与1-3份的塑料粒料混合，这些塑料粒料包含大份额的塑料空心小球。但是塑料粒料也可以与LDPE粒料共同加入到外壳挤出机里面。在外壳挤出机中使LDPE粒料逐渐加热并且形成熔液。在此使塑料粒料紧密地与LDPE粒料或LDPE熔液混合。在从外壳挤出机出口排出时位于空心小球中的气体膨胀同时使LDPE熔液发泡。在外管冷却以后这个外管具有蜂窝式结构。在此保留空心小球的壳，不产生与形成母体的LDPE外壳材料的连接。
按照本发明的外管具有下面的数值：
弹性模量135-162MPa
密度0.560至0.750g/cm
按照本发明的导管与按照EP 0 897 788的导管相比按照发泡率轻约3-15％的重量。
该导管的柔性比具有常见的PE外壳的导管高10-30％，其中柔性通过在以确定的半径弯曲时所需的力花费确定。

Claims (9)

1.用于加工用于柔性的隔热的导管的发泡或被充气的外壳的方法，其特征在于，由基于聚乙烯的粒料和与空心小球形式的工作介质混合的基于聚乙烯的粒料制造混合物，将混合物加入到挤压机里面，在那里熔融，并且以管状挤出熔液并且在从挤出口排出时或排出以后起泡或发泡，所述基于聚乙烯的粒料与混合有工作介质的基于聚乙烯的粒料的比例为90∶10至99∶1。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，发泡或被充气的外壳材料的弹性模量为135至162MPa，外壳材料的密度为0.560至0.750g/cm3。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，外壳(3)是波纹状的。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，低密度的聚乙烯(LDPE)用作热塑性塑料。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，线性低密度的聚乙烯(LLDPE)用作热塑性塑料。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，乙烯共聚物用作热塑性塑料。
7.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，基于低密度聚乙烯的共聚物用作热塑性塑料
8.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在外壳被发泡时，所述外壳的发泡率为10至60％。
9.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，在外壳被发泡时，所述发泡外壳的蜂窝直径为0.1mm至0.5mm。
CN2007100918526A 2006-03-28 2007-03-28 用于加工用于柔性的隔热的导管的发泡或被充气的外壳的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN101046273B (zh)

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US7528320B2 (en) 2009-05-05
ATE431519T1 (de) 2009-05-15
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RU2355941C2 (ru) 2009-05-20
DE102006014235A1 (de) 2007-10-04
ES2327072T3 (es) 2009-10-23
DE502007000712D1 (de) 2009-06-25
CN101046273A (zh) 2007-10-03
PL1840444T3 (pl) 2009-10-30
RU2007111280A (ru) 2008-10-10
EP1840444A1 (de) 2007-10-03
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