CN101015330A - Compound feed for micropterus salmoids - Google Patents

Compound feed for micropterus salmoids Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101015330A
CN101015330A CNA2007100267690A CN200710026769A CN101015330A CN 101015330 A CN101015330 A CN 101015330A CN A2007100267690 A CNA2007100267690 A CN A2007100267690A CN 200710026769 A CN200710026769 A CN 200710026769A CN 101015330 A CN101015330 A CN 101015330A
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China
Prior art keywords
fish
micropterus
feed
salmoids
fish meal
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CNA2007100267690A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王广军
吴锐全
谢骏
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Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute CAFS
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Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute CAFS
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Priority to CNA2007100267690A priority Critical patent/CN101015330A/en
Publication of CN101015330A publication Critical patent/CN101015330A/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

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  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a fish fodder which comprises the following constituents (by weight percent): white fish meal 40.0-45.0, red fish meal 5.0-10.0, soybean waste 12.0-15.0, peanut bran 9.0-10.0, brewer's yeast 5.0-10.0, high grade flour 10.0-15.0, sea fish oil 4.0-5.0, soyabean oil 1.0-2.0, choline chloride 0.3-0.6, composite vitamins 0.5-1.0, mixed mineral salts 4.0-5.0, and the nutriment compositions include crude protein 48.25, and crude fat 11.56, ash 15.69 and water 5.89.

Description

Compound feed for micropterus salmoids
Technical field:
The present invention belongs to the fish feed field, particularly relates to a kind of compound feed for micropterus salmoids, can be used to replace the bright trash fish down of ice to raise Micropterus salmoides.
Background technology:
Micropterus salmoides (Micropterus salmonoides) has another name called California perch, sea bass, belongs to Perciformes, and Sunfishes in the rivers in original North America, the lake, has the laudatory title of " fresh water lithosporic ", is that a kind of eurythermic predacious fish is carnivorous warm water fish.It all can be survived in 1 ℃～36 ℃ water temperature range, begins to ingest more than 10 ℃, and optimum growth temp is 20 ℃～30 ℃.In natural environment, be food with small fish and shrimp, aquatic insect.Fast because of its growth, adaptability is strong, disease is few, easily rise catch, low temperature resistant, characteristics such as the meat thorniness is few, delicious flavour, nutritious, fine and tender taste, good looking appearance are subjected to numerous producers and consumers' welcome deeply, so raised widely by many countries and regions.In China, nineteen eighty-three is introduced the continent by Guangdong and other places from Taiwan.China produces the California perch per year and surpasses 100,000 tons, cultures coastal areas such as mainly concentrating on Guangdong, and wherein the output in Guangdong has accounted for 70% of the whole nation.According to the preliminary statistics, the cultured area of Guangdong Province Micropterus salmoides just has 100,000 mu.
Because Micropterus salmoides is a predacious fish, the bright trash fish down of the ice of mainly throwing something and feeding on the breeding production.In general, the trash fish of directly throwing something and feeding down exists following defective: (1) is trash fish down, and especially stale trash fish down very easily carries disease germs, and makes the cultured fishes introduced disease easily; Rotten following trash fish also can produce toxin, and cultured fishes are produced toxic action.(2) the trash fish nutritional labeling is not comprehensive down, and stale some nutritional labelings of trash fish are down destroyed, and cause malnutrition when directly throwing something and feeding easily.(3) trash fish nutritional labeling imbalance under, the feed conversion rate of directly throwing something and feeding is low, waste is big, not only causes the significant wastage of natural resources, also breeding environment is polluted.(4) trash fish be cannot say for sure to deposit down, and is apt to deteriorate, uses inconvenient.In addition, and be supplied with seasonal variations, price fluctuation is bigger, and aquaculture cost is difficult to estimation.The particularly decline of wild resource in recent years, the price of following trash fish rises always, causes aquaculture cost to strengthen year by year.The trash fish of throwing something and feeding is down simultaneously caused very big pressure to natural resources and ecological environment, has had a strong impact on further developing of Micropterus salmoides aquaculture, and the exploitation mixed feed is imperative.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to: develop trash fish under the ice aquatic foods that a kind of compound feed for micropterus salmoids replaces using in the existing Micropterus salmoides breeding process, reduce dependence and destruction, reduce environmental pollution wild resource.The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: based on the conventional feed raw material, draw the suitable content of each composition by orthogonal experiment, its percentage is as follows: import white fish meal, 40.0-45.0; Homemade red fish meal: 5.0-10.0; Soybean meal, 12.0-15.0; Peanut press pulp, 9.0-10.0; Brewer's yeast, 5.0-10.0; Strong flour, 10.0-15.0; Ocean fish oil, 4.0-5.0; Soya-bean oil 1.0-2.0 Choline Chloride, 0.3-0.6; Compound vitamin, 0.5-1.0; Composite mineral salt, 4.0-5.0.Each nutritional labeling percentage is as follows: crude protein 48.25, crude fat 11.56, ash content 15.69, moisture 5.89.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the bioavailability height, excretas such as nitrogen, phosphorus are low, help environmental protection; Culture efficiency is compared with the bright trash fish down of ice does not have significant difference; Constituent to the fish body does not make significant difference.
Specific embodiment:
Example 1: mixed feed is raised the effect of Micropterus salmoides
Fish is used in 1 experiment
Experiment is taken from the prosperous plant in Shunde District, Foshan City with Micropterus salmoides.
2 tame and docile food
Because Micropterus salmoides is a predacious fish, must tame and docile food to Micropterus salmoides before experimentizing, and makes its mixed feed of can ingesting.It specifically tames and dociles the food process: following trash fish (1 day) → 3/4 time trash fish+1/4 man-made feeds (2 days) → 1/2 time trash fish+1/2 man-made feeds (2 days) → 1/4 time trash fish+3/4 man-made feeds (2 days) → man-made feeds.
3 experiment groupings
Select specification basically identical, health, no sick and wounded fish and be used for experiment.The fish that selects is divided into 10 groups at random, and every group 95 tail is placed in 2 * 2 * 0.8 meter the net cage and experimentizes, and net cage places indoor cement pit.
4 test feeds
Test feed mainly is configured to the test feed of 4 kinds of different animal/vegetable protein ratios and different albumen, fat level with fish meal, bean powder etc.Make soft graininess before test feed is thrown something and fed, place 4 ℃ of refrigerators standby.
Test feed A: animal protein is main, and crude protein is 45%, and crude fat is 6%;
Test feed B: vegetable protein is main, and crude protein is 45%, and crude fat is 6%;
Test feed C: animal protein is main, and crude protein is 40%, and crude fat is 10%;
Test feed D: vegetable protein is main, and crude protein is 40%, and crude fat is 10%;
Contrast: the bright trash fish down of ice.
5 feedings and managements
Blowdown every morning, change water (look concrete condition and change water 1/2-1/3).Every day thrown something and fed twice by feed, respectively at the 9:00-10:00 in the morning and the 4:00-5:00 in afternoon.Regularly measure water temperature, throw something and feed according to quantity on time, sampling check regularly, and perform put in a suitable place to breed, throw raise, the record of relevant data such as sampling.
6 experimental results
Through 60 days breed (27-October 25 August), experimental result is as follows:
Table 1 result of the test
Group Starting weight (g) End heavy (g) The relative weight gain rate (%) Survival rate (%)
A 31.82±6.26 75.78±19.33 138.15±3.76 a 94.74±2.98 a
B 30.72±8.31 64.22±16.98 109.05±5.06 b 82.10±1.49 b
C 29.73±6.23 70.78±15.18 138.08±10.83 a 91.58±1.52 a
D 29.05±8.10 60.45±15.66 108.09±1.40 b 93.68±2.12 a
Contrast 30.38±7.96 73.41±17.74 141.64±7.22 a 88.42±1.51 a
As can be seen from Table 1, throw something and feed test feed A and C raise Micropterus salmoides, no matter are at relative growth rate, relative growth rate, still aspect survival rate, all do not have significant difference with the bright control group of trash fish down of the ice of throwing something and feeding.Simultaneously, duration of test does not find that the test group Micropterus salmoides has other any ill symptomses yet.Therefore, it is feasible replacing the bright trash fish down of ice to culture Micropterus salmoides with artifical compound feed.
Example 2: bright trash fish down of the ice of throwing something and feeding and mixed feed are to the influence of cultivation water
Cultured Micropterus salmoides one month in indoor aquarium (adopt recirculated water, whole process is not changed water), the ice of throwing something and feeding respectively bright trash fish and mixed feed down are to chemical oxygen consumption (COC) (COD), the phosphate (PO of experiment water body 4 --P), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH 4 +-N), nitrate (NO 3 --N), nitrite (NO 2 --N) etc. index is tested.The result shows that two kinds of each indexs of feed of throwing something and feeding all have increase in various degree, but raises after one month each water quality index trash fish group than high many of the bright group of ice: COD, PO that trash fish is organized 4 --P, TP, TN, NH 4-N, NO 3 --N, NO 2 -N is respectively 25.3mg/L, 2.4mg/L, 2.28mg/L, 3.44mg/L, 2.91mg/L, 0.52mg/L, 0.075mg/L, the COD of mixed feed group, PO 4 --P, TP, TN, NH 4-N, NO 3 --N, NO 2 -N is respectively 10.2mg/L, 0.58mg/L, 0.855mg/L, 2.17mg/L, 0.29mg/L, 0.048mg/L, 0.003mg/L.PO particularly 4 --P, TP, the trash fish group is respectively 4.2 and 2.7 times of mixed feed group.Illustrate that the mixed feed of throwing something and feeding can alleviate organic matter and pollute, particularly at control PO 4 -The drainage aspect effect of-P, TP is obvious.
Example 3: mixed feed and following trash fish are raised the influence of Micropterus salmoides to its body component
1 gets example 1 cultures the Micropterus salmoides that finishes, and gets the wild Micropterus salmoides that nature is caught simultaneously, and the jewfish of the comparative maturity of man-made feeds exploitation at present, has carried out conventional nutritional labeling analysis and amino acid composition analysis.
2 protein determinations adopt Kjeldahl; The Soxhlet extraction process is adopted in fat test; Ash is measured the dry ashing method that adopts; Moisture determination is an atmosphere pressure desiccation; Amino acid adopts the high-speed amino-acid analyzer of the 835-50 of Hitachi type to carry out.
3 the results are shown in Table 2 and table 3.
Several perch muscle nutrition of table 2 composition
Ice bright perch Wild perch Jewfish The man-made feeds group
Crude fat 0.64 0.08 0.54 0.21
Crude protein 20.15 17.97 21.31 19.02
Coarse ash 1.32 1.24 1.37 1.41
Moisture 77.89 80.71 76.78 79.36
Several perch muscle of table 3 amino acid content (content % in the sample)
Amino acid Ice bright perch Wild perch Jewfish The man-made feeds group
L-aminobutanedioic acid Asp 1.7697 1.5069 1.8610 1.6738
Threonine Thr 0.6760 0.5866 0.7510 0.6596
Serine Ser 0.4602 0.4263 0.5271 0.4795
Glutamic acid Glu 2.3474 2.0625 2.5345 2.2455
Proline Pro 0.6822 0.5224 0.6435 0.6470
Glycine Gly 0.8500 0.7197 0.9097 0.8385
Alanine Ala 1.1166 0.9449 1.1540 1.0446
Cystine Cys 0.1399 0.2182 0.1561 0.1292
Valine Val 0.9716 0.8106 1.0090 0.8750
Methionine Met 0.5389 0.4839 0.5810 0.5062
Isoleucine Ile 0.8930 0.7605 0.9418 0.8208
Leucine Leu 1.4959 1.2761 1.5704 1.3730
Tyrosine Tyr 0.5460 0.4709 0.5771 0.4891
Phenylalanine Phe 0.7576 0.6554 0.7599 0.6817
Lysine Lys 1.7239 1.4786 1.8086 1.5894
Ammonia NH 3 0.3125 .2465 0.3275 0.2820
Histidine His 0.4498 0.3397 0.4394 0.4220
Arginine Arg 1.0673 0.9260 1.1611 1.0126
Taurine Tau 0.2558 0.3792 0.1943 0.1942
Total amino acid content 17.0544 14.8148 17.9069 15.9640
The result shows, throw something and feed mixed feed and ice are bright, and trash fish difference aspect the muscle constituent is not remarkable down, but some difference of amino acid content aspect, may be in the feed of throwing something and feeding due to the amino acid content difference.

Claims (3)

1. compound feed for micropterus salmoids, it is characterized in that: main component is the import white fish meal, homemade red fish meal, big dregs of beans, peanut press pulp, brewer's yeast, Strong flour, ocean fish oil, soya-bean oil, Choline Chloride, compound vitamin, composite mineral salt.
2. compound feed for micropterus salmoids according to claim 1 is characterized in that: each percentage composition is as follows: import white fish meal 40.0-45.0; Homemade red fish meal 5.0-10.0; Big dregs of beans 12.0-15.0; Peanut press pulp 9.0-10.0; Brewer's yeast 5.0-10.0; Strong flour 10.0-15.0; Ocean fish oil 4.0-5.0; Soya-bean oil 1.0-2.0; Choline Chloride 0.3-0.6; Compound vitamin 0.5-1.0; Composite mineral salt 4.0-5.0.
3. compound feed for micropterus salmoids according to claim 1 is characterized in that, each nutritional labeling percentage is as follows: crude protein 48.25, crude fat 11.56, ash content 15.69, moisture 5.89.
CNA2007100267690A 2007-02-08 2007-02-08 Compound feed for micropterus salmoids Pending CN101015330A (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101869210A (en) * 2010-05-31 2010-10-27 广东通威饲料有限公司 Sunfish compound feed
CN102028122A (en) * 2010-12-15 2011-04-27 广州市信豚水产技术有限公司 Special compound premix for Micropterus salmoides
CN103110008A (en) * 2013-02-04 2013-05-22 上海农好饲料有限公司 Fishmeal-free buoyant puffed feedstuff for micropterus salmoides and preparation method of feedstuff
CN103284005A (en) * 2013-06-04 2013-09-11 江苏中洋集团股份有限公司 Puffed compound feed for adult trachidermus fasciatus and processing process thereof
CN104489419A (en) * 2015-01-16 2015-04-08 上海农好饲料有限公司 Micropterus salmoides fry micro-particle feed and preparation method thereof
CN104489245A (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-04-08 珠海海龙生物科技有限公司 Special compound feed for largemouth bass and preparation method of special compound feed
CN105010752A (en) * 2015-08-12 2015-11-04 四川国凤中科生物科技有限公司 Feed for micropterus salmoides
CN106260788A (en) * 2016-09-27 2017-01-04 广州市联鲲生物科技有限公司 A kind of Micropterus salmonoides premix material
CN107821868A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-03-23 卢惠 A kind of feed for preventing perch Edwardsiella tarda disease
CN107969549A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-01 卢惠 A kind of feed for preventing perch nocardiasis
CN109123244A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-04 湛江东腾饲料有限公司 A kind of Micropterus salmonoides mixed feed and processing method
CN112825984A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-25 广东海大集团股份有限公司 Compound traditional Chinese medicine additive, compound feed for preventing 'flower body disease' and preparation method and application thereof

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101869210B (en) * 2010-05-31 2013-01-02 广东通威饲料有限公司 Sunfish compound feed
CN101869210A (en) * 2010-05-31 2010-10-27 广东通威饲料有限公司 Sunfish compound feed
CN102028122A (en) * 2010-12-15 2011-04-27 广州市信豚水产技术有限公司 Special compound premix for Micropterus salmoides
CN103110008B (en) * 2013-02-04 2014-04-02 上海农好饲料有限公司 Fishmeal-free buoyant puffed feedstuff for micropterus salmoides and preparation method of feedstuff
CN103110008A (en) * 2013-02-04 2013-05-22 上海农好饲料有限公司 Fishmeal-free buoyant puffed feedstuff for micropterus salmoides and preparation method of feedstuff
CN103284005B (en) * 2013-06-04 2014-11-12 江苏中洋集团股份有限公司 Puffed compound feed for adult trachidermus fasciatus and processing process thereof
CN103284005A (en) * 2013-06-04 2013-09-11 江苏中洋集团股份有限公司 Puffed compound feed for adult trachidermus fasciatus and processing process thereof
CN104489245A (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-04-08 珠海海龙生物科技有限公司 Special compound feed for largemouth bass and preparation method of special compound feed
CN104489419A (en) * 2015-01-16 2015-04-08 上海农好饲料有限公司 Micropterus salmoides fry micro-particle feed and preparation method thereof
CN105010752A (en) * 2015-08-12 2015-11-04 四川国凤中科生物科技有限公司 Feed for micropterus salmoides
CN106260788A (en) * 2016-09-27 2017-01-04 广州市联鲲生物科技有限公司 A kind of Micropterus salmonoides premix material
CN107821868A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-03-23 卢惠 A kind of feed for preventing perch Edwardsiella tarda disease
CN107969549A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-01 卢惠 A kind of feed for preventing perch nocardiasis
CN109123244A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-04 湛江东腾饲料有限公司 A kind of Micropterus salmonoides mixed feed and processing method
CN112825984A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-25 广东海大集团股份有限公司 Compound traditional Chinese medicine additive, compound feed for preventing 'flower body disease' and preparation method and application thereof

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