CN102696896B - Compound feed for nibe croaker and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound feed for nibe croaker and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102696896B CN102696896B CN 201210118568 CN201210118568A CN102696896B CN 102696896 B CN102696896 B CN 102696896B CN 201210118568 CN201210118568 CN 201210118568 CN 201210118568 A CN201210118568 A CN 201210118568A CN 102696896 B CN102696896 B CN 102696896B
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 241001596943 Nibea mitsukurii Species 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- -1 compound vitamin Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylated hydroxyanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1.COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940083466 soybean lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004288 Sodium dehydroacetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940079839 sodium dehydroacetate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019259 sodium dehydroacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- DSOWAKKSGYUMTF-GZOLSCHFSA-M sodium;(1e)-1-(6-methyl-2,4-dioxopyran-3-ylidene)ethanolate Chemical compound [Na+].C\C([O-])=C1/C(=O)OC(C)=CC1=O DSOWAKKSGYUMTF-GZOLSCHFSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004255 Butylated hydroxyanisole Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000238371 Sepiidae Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019282 butylated hydroxyanisole Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940043253 butylated hydroxyanisole Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002079 calcium pantothenate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- SHUZOJHMOBOZST-UHFFFAOYSA-N phylloquinone Natural products CC(C)CCCCC(C)CCC(C)CCCC(=CCC1=C(C)C(=O)c2ccccc2C1=O)C SHUZOJHMOBOZST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
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Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a compound feed for nibe croaker, which comprises the following components in percent by weight: 15-20% of fish meal, 30-35% of soybean meal, 10-15% of fermented soybean meal, 3-5% of peanut meal, 3-5% of beer yeast, 10-15% of high-gluten flour, 1-3% of fish oil, 1-3% of vegetable oil, 3-5% of squid paste, 1-3% of soybean lecithin powder, 1-3% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.3-0.5% of compound vitamin additive, 1-3% of composite mineral additive, 0.1-0.2% of sodium dehydroacetate, 0.2-0.3% of butyl hydroxy anisole, 1-3% of citric acid and 0.5-1% of freshening agent. The total percent of the components is 100 percent. The compound feed for nibe croaker contains balanced nutrients, has a long shelf life and can improve the survival rate and improve the taste and flavorof the nibe croaker. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the compound feed for nibe croaker. The method is scientific, reasonable, simple and feasible.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of fodder of aquaculture of aquatic animal, especially relate to a kind of meter carp compound feed and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Cod fish, also known as brown croaker, belonging to Perciformes Sciaenidae genus, commonly known as black drum, and, mainly in the southeast coast of China, and its body color gray, tender meat, delicious, nutritious addition to fresh, the meat is for fish balls, fish face knocking the finest raw materials; whole fish can be canned or processed into rice dried fish; swim bladder isinglass can be prepared with high medicinal value, with blood, kidney, lungs and spleen and anti-inflammatory effect; scales scales can be prepared glue; viscera, bone can be prepared fishmeal, fish oil; ear Shiyou Qing heat stasis, diuretic effect.The rice fishing gear has that premunition is strong, growth rapidly, individual big, survival rate is high, advantage such as output height, delicious meat, productivity effect are good, being the improved seeds of seawater cage fish culture, being one of marine products economic fish, also is that the higher fish of economic worth are liked by the culturist deeply.
But, present mainly throw something and feed freshness lower freezing small fish and mixed feed inferior of a rice fish, less in addition net cage environment easily causes the activity of meter fish to reduce, and makes that the rice fish of culturing is low than the protein content in the wild rice fish body, and the delicate flavour amino acid content lacks, stomach fat content height, cause local flavor to descend, quality reduces, thereby makes consumer's degree of recognition not high, the market price of rice fish is low, and culturing economic is of poor benefits.
For example, Chinese patent publication No.: CN101803688A, open day on August 18th, 2010, disclose a kind of compound feed for sciaenops ocellatus, formed by the raw material of following mass percent: steam fish meal 8-12%, domestic fish meal 12-15%, fermented bean dregs 3-5%, big dregs of beans 20-25%, peanut meal 3-5%, corn 8-12%, rapeseed dregs 8-10%, Strong flour 12-15%, blood meal 1-2%, soybean lecithin 1-2%, ocean fish oil 1-2%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5-1%, composite mineral matter 0.5-1%, B B-complex 0.5-1%.Its weak point exists, though rice fish and U.S. snapper belong to the predacious fish of Perciformes Sciaenidae together, close feeding habits are arranged under field conditions (factors), but the nutritional need of rice fish and U.S. snapper is different, this mixed feed and meter fish that is not suitable for throwing something and feeding, in addition, this mixed feed food calling effect is relatively poor, and the residual waste of feed is more serious, and lacks necessary anticorrisive agent in this mixed feed, make feed putrid and deteriorated easily, the shelf-life is short.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for overcoming the existing mixed feed meter fish that is not suitable for throwing something and feeding, the food calling effect is relatively poor, the residual waste of feed is more serious, and feed is putrid and deteriorated easily, the deficiency that shelf-life is short provides a kind of reasonable mixture ratio, and is balanced in nutrition, long shelf-life can also promote meter sashimi (raw fish) to grow and improve the mixed feed of rice fish local flavor and mouthfeel.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of a kind of meter carp compound feed, and this preparation method is scientific and reasonable, the technology simple possible, and low processing cost does not have specific (special) requirements to process equipment.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of meter carp compound feed by weight percentage, is grouped into by following one-tenth: fish meal 15 ~ 20%, beans
The dregs of rice 30 ~ 35%, fermented bean dregs 10 ~ 15%, peanut meal 3 ~ 5%, brewer's yeast 3 ~ 5%, Strong flour 10 ~ 15%, fish oil 1 ~ 3%, vegetable oil 1 ~ 3%, cuttlefish cream 3 ~ 5%, soybean lecithin powder 1 ~ 3%, carboxymethyl cellulose 1 ~ 3%, compound vitamin additive 0.3 ~ 0.5%, composite mineral matter additive 1 ~ 3%, sodium dehydroacetate 0.1 ~ 0.2%, butylated hydroxy anisole 0.2 ~ 0.3%, citric acid 1 ~ 3%, propose bright agent 0.5 ~ 1%, above-mentioned each component sum is 100%.In the feed formula, reduced the content of fish meal, suitably increased the content of dregs of beans, guaranteed under the prerequisite of feeding effect to reduce feed cost; Added fermented bean dregs in the feed, with the palatability that improves feed with improve the rice fish to the digesting and assimilating of nutriment, promote that the rice sashimi (raw fish) is long, in addition, fermented bean dregs also can provide natural acidulant, needn't add fodder acidulant separately, reduce feed cost, also can replenish a large amount of active probiotics, strengthen the beneficial microorganism growth and breeding, improve the microecological balance of enteron aisle, reduce the generation of rice fish disease, improve survival rate; Cuttlefish cream has strong fishy smell, and food calling is effective, can improve the food ration of meter fish, improves the utilization rate of feed; Be added with carboxymethyl cellulose in the mixed feed with the caking property of raising feed and the stability in water, thereby reduce dissolve-loss ratio; Butylated hydroxy anisole is antioxidant, can delay the time that feed begins to ruin; Sodium dehydroacetate is a kind of mildew-resistant, antisepsis antistaling agent of safety-type, the shelf-life that can improve feed; Citric acid can improve meter fish to the apparent utilization rate of feed mineral, thereby alleviates feed to the pollution of water body; Propose bright agent for reducing the fat content in the rice fish body, improve the aroma compound content in the rice fish muscle, to improve local flavor and the mouthfeel of rice fish.
As preferably, in the described compound vitamin additive of every 1000g, contain vitamin A 5 ~ 10g, Cobastab
11 ~ 5g, Cobastab
25 ~ 10g, Cobastab
610 ~ 15g, nicotinic acid 1 ~ 5g, vitamin K
31 ~ 5g, Cobastab
120.05 ~ 0.1g, folic acid 0.5 ~ 1g, biotin 0.5 ~ 1g, VD1 0 ~ 15g, vitamin E 5 ~ 10g, calcium pantothenate 50 ~ 100g, inositol 300 ~ 500g, all the other are the wheat bran powder.Compound vitamin additive is to satisfy the rice fish to the demand of different vitamins, to promote that the rice sashimi (raw fish) is long and to improve immunity, and the wheat bran powder is the carrier of various vitamins, and contain cellulose in the wheat bran powder, be conducive to promote meter wriggling of fish stomach, the pass through speed of food in enteron aisle that slows down reaches absorbing other nutriments.
As preferably, in the described composite mineral matter additive of every 1000g, contain calcium dihydrogen phosphate 20 ~ 25g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 5 ~ 15g, potassium chloride 2 ~ 5g, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 10 ~ 15g, epsom salt 10 ~ 15g, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 1 ~ 3g, six water aluminum sulfate, 0.02 ~ 0.05g, white vitriol 0.5 ~ 1.5g, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.1 ~ 0.3g, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.01 ~ 0.03g, CoCL2 0.2 ~ 0.5g, KI 0.02 ~ 0.05g, all the other are zeolite powder.The composite mineral matter additive guarantees the normal physiological metabolism of body to satisfy the rice fish to the demand of different trace elements.
As preferably, describedly propose bright agent and be made up of albumen local flavor element, Choline Chloride, L-l-cn and amino acid powder, the quality percentage composition of putting forward each component in the bright agent is: albumen local flavor element 10 ~ 20%, Choline Chloride 30 ~ 40%, L-l-cn 20 ~ 25%, amino acid powder 20 ~ 35%.Amino acid powder contains 18 kinds of free amino acids, can replenish the most effective 20% nutrition that runs off in the fish meal process, or the amino acid of the fish meal hypotrophy face of additional non-full fish processing, other nutrition is played synergistic effect, but flavouring increases aquatic foods and increases the palatability of feed, promotes the appetite of rice fish, in addition, amino acid powder has certain adhesive power, and the effect that the protection feed nutrition scatters and disappears and the enhancing pellet is finalized the design is arranged; Albumen local flavor element contains multiple proteins and aminoacid ingredient, can improve the palatability of feed, has the food calling effect, can also directly be absorbed by the rice fish, improves local flavor compounds content in the rice fish muscle, to improve the local flavor of rice fish; Choline Chloride is that human body is kept the necessary molecular compound of physiological function, plays the effect of regulating fat metabolism and conversion; The L-l-cn is a kind of amino acid that impels fat to be converted into energy, can reduce the fat content in meter fish body, thereby improves the mouthfeel of rice fish.
The preparation method of a kind of meter carp compound feed may further comprise the steps:
(1) weighing: the percentage by weight by each component in the rice carp compound feed takes by weighing each component.
(2) crushing screening: with the fish meal that takes by weighing, dregs of beans, fermented bean dregs, peanut meal, brewer's yeast, Strong flour, soybean lecithin powder, carboxymethyl cellulose, compound vitamin additive, composite mineral matter additive, dehydrogenation wrong sour sodium, butylated hydroxy anisole, citric acid and propose bright agent and mix, pulverize the back and cross 100 ~ 120 mesh sieves, obtain premix.Earlier powdered components is mixed pulverizing, have thinner smashing fineness with the raw material that guarantees feed, and cross 100 ~ 120 mesh sieves, can improve mixing uniformity, grain forming rate and rice fish the digesting and assimilating nutriment of feed.
(3) mix: in premix, add fish oil, vegetable oil and the cuttlefish cream that takes by weighing, stir again, obtain compound.It is more even that feedstuff is mixed.
(4) modified granulation: compound is carried out making granular wet feed after the modifier treatment.Modified granular material is carried out maturation process, can promote the protein receptor thermal denaturation in the material, the albumen of sex change is easy to by enzymolysis, thereby improved the digestive utilization ratio of pellet, the modified resistance to water that also can significantly improve feed, in modified process, pass through the hydrothermal of steam, the effect that viscosity component gelatinized starch in the material, albuminate can be given full play to binding agent, other component of effective adhesive periphery can be arranged, make pellet become more closely knit, appearance is bright and clean, is difficult for being corroded by moisture in feeding process, has increased the stability in the water.
(5) dry packing: wet feed is carried out cold wind dehydrate and be cooled to room temperature, namely get a meter carp compound feed finished product after the packing.
As preferably, the temperature of modifier treatment is 60 ~ 70 ℃ in the step (4), and the modified time is 5 ~ 10 minutes, and the humidity of wet feed is 10 ~ 15%.The temperature of modified process is 60 ~ 70 ℃, can avoid the too high and destruction of causing the raw material functional mass of temperature, and the humidity of wet feed is 10 ~ 15%, to guarantee the caking ability of feed, is convenient to the typing of feed.
As preferably, the particle diameter of wet feed is 2 ~ 5mm in the step (4).The particle diameter of wet feed is that 2 ~ 5mm is convenient to eating of meter fish, can cut the waste, thus the utilization rate of raising mixed feed.
Therefore, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) balanced in nutrition, under the prerequisite that guarantees feeding effect, can reduce feed cost;
(2) can promote that meter sashimi (raw fish) is long, improve survival rate;
(3) it is comparatively slow to ruin the time, long shelf-life;
(4) can improve meter fish to the apparent utilization rate of feed mineral, and the good stability in water, dissolve-loss ratio is low, can alleviate feed to the pollution of water body;
(5) can reduce the interior fat content of rice fish body, improve local flavor compounds content in the rice fish muscle, improve mouthfeel and the local flavor of rice fish.
(6) preparation method is scientific and reasonable, the technology simple possible.
The specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.Should be appreciated that enforcement of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, any pro forma accommodation and/or change that the present invention is made all will fall into protection domain of the present invention.
In following examples, all raw materials etc. all can be buied from market or the industry is commonly used.
Embodiment 1
Take by weighing each component in the mixed feed by the percentage by weight shown in the table 1, wherein the composition of compound vitamin additive is as shown in table 2, and the composition of composite mineral matter additive is as shown in table 3, and the percentage by weight of putting forward each component in the bright agent is as shown in table 4.
With the fish meal that takes by weighing, dregs of beans, fermented bean dregs, peanut meal, brewer's yeast, Strong flour, the soybean lecithin powder, carboxymethyl cellulose, compound vitamin additive, the composite mineral matter additive, the wrong sour sodium of dehydrogenation, butylated hydroxy anisole, citric acid and propose bright agent and mix, cross 110 mesh sieves after pulverizing and obtain premix, in premix, add the fish oil that takes by weighing again, vegetable oil and cuttlefish cream, stir again, obtain compound, then 60 ℃ of temperature, the humidity of wet feed is under 12% the condition modified 5 minutes, make the wet feed that graininess and particle size are 3 mm at last, wet feed is carried out cold wind dehydrate and be cooled to room temperature, namely get a meter carp compound feed finished product after the packing.
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing each component in the mixed feed by the percentage by weight shown in the table 1, wherein the composition of compound vitamin additive is as shown in table 2, and the composition of composite mineral matter additive is as shown in table 3, and the percentage by weight of putting forward each component in the bright agent is as shown in table 4.
With the fish meal that takes by weighing, dregs of beans, fermented bean dregs, peanut meal, brewer's yeast, Strong flour, the soybean lecithin powder, carboxymethyl cellulose, compound vitamin additive, the composite mineral matter additive, the wrong sour sodium of dehydrogenation, butylated hydroxy anisole, citric acid and propose bright agent and mix, cross 100 mesh sieves after pulverizing and obtain premix, in premix, add the fish oil that takes by weighing again, vegetable oil and cuttlefish cream, stir again, obtain compound, then 65 ℃ of temperature, the humidity of wet feed is under 10% the condition modified 10 minutes, make the wet feed that graininess and particle size are 5 mm at last, wet feed is carried out cold wind dehydrate and be cooled to room temperature, namely get a meter carp compound feed finished product after the packing.
Embodiment 3
Take by weighing each component in the mixed feed by the percentage by weight shown in the table 1, wherein the composition of compound vitamin additive is as shown in table 2, and the composition of composite mineral matter additive is as shown in table 3, and the percentage by weight of putting forward each component in the bright agent is as shown in table 4.
With the fish meal that takes by weighing, dregs of beans, fermented bean dregs, peanut meal, brewer's yeast, Strong flour, the soybean lecithin powder, carboxymethyl cellulose, compound vitamin additive, the composite mineral matter additive, the wrong sour sodium of dehydrogenation, butylated hydroxy anisole, citric acid and propose bright agent and mix, cross 120 mesh sieves after pulverizing and obtain premix, in premix, add the fish oil that takes by weighing again, vegetable oil and cuttlefish cream, stir again, obtain compound, then 70 ℃ of temperature, the humidity of wet feed is under 15% the condition modified 6 minutes, make the wet feed that graininess and particle size are 2mm at last, wet feed is carried out cold wind dehydrate and be cooled to room temperature, namely get a meter carp compound feed finished product after the packing.
Each weight percentages of components in each embodiment mixed feed of table 1
| Component | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Fish meal | 15% | 19% | 20% |
| Dregs of beans | 35% | 30% | 28% |
| Fermented bean dregs | 12% | 15% | 10% |
| Peanut meal | 5% | 3% | 4% |
| Brewer's yeast | 3% | 4% | 5% |
| Strong flour | 15% | 10% | 13% |
| Fish oil | 1% | 3% | 2% |
| Vegetable oil | 2% | 1% | 3% |
| Cuttlefish cream | 5% | 4.5% | 3% |
| The soybean lecithin powder | 2.8% | 3% | 1% |
| Carboxymethyl cellulose | 1% | 2.5% | 3% |
| Compound vitamin additive | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.5% |
| The composite mineral matter additive | 1% | 2% | 3% |
| Sodium dehydroacetate | 0.1% | 0.15% | 0.2% |
| Butylated hydroxy anisole | 0.2% | 0.25% | 0.3% |
| Citric acid | 1% | 2% | 3% |
| Propose bright agent | 0.5% | 0.3% | 1% |
The composition of each embodiment compound vitamin additive of table 2
The composition of each embodiment composite mineral matter additive of table 3
Each embodiment of table 4 carries the quality percentage composition of each component in the bright agent
The test example
Rice fish in the test example is all available from Zhoushan city aquatic products research institute, and through the mixed feed of independently ingesting after the domestication, rice fish body weight is 10 ± 1g.
Be one group with the rice fish with 50 tails, be divided into four test group at random, the mixed feed of first group, second group, the 3rd group embodiment 1 that throws something and feeds respectively, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, the 4th group of fresh small fish of throwing something and feeding, the cultivating condition of each test group is identical, feed after 3 months continuously, add up survival rate and the average weight of rice fish in every group, and in every group, randomly draw 5 tail rice fishes, measure fat, delicate flavour amino acid (as glutamic acid and aspartic acid) and imp content in the rice fish muscle, the result who obtains is as shown in table 5.
The fat test standard is GB/T6433-94, wet basis: g/100g, n=3; Delicate flavour amino acid (aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine and alanine etc.), bioassay standard is GB/T5009.124-2003, butt: g/100g, n=3, its content have determined the delicious degree of the flesh of fish; The inosinicacid assay method is with reference to Li Jiasheng (1998) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analytic approach, wet basis: mg/g, n=3 is the main component of meat flavour delicate flavour, at present in the world with inosinicacid as an important indicator weighing the meat flavour deliciousness.
The every index contrast table of each group rice fish in the table 5 test example
| Average index | Survival rate (%) | Average weight (g) | Fat content (g/100g) | Glutamic acid (g/100g) | Aspartic acid (g/100g) | Inosinicacid (mg/g) |
| First group | 85 | 175 | 7.18 | 9.68 | 6.32 | 8.35 |
| Second group | 82 | 172 | 7.23 | 10.02 | 6.72 | 8.19 |
| The 3rd group | 83 | 171 | 7.42 | 10.15 | 6.65 | 8.51 |
| The 4th group | 72 | 132 | 9.02 | 8.31 | 5.31 | 6.33 |
Can obviously find out from table 5, survival rate and the average weight of rice fish in first group, second group and the 3rd group, all apparently higher than the 4th group, and the fat content of rice fish is starkly lower than the 4th group in first group, second group and the 3rd group, and the content of glutamic acid, aspartic acid and inosinicacid is apparently higher than the 4th group, thereby illustrates that rice carp compound feed of the present invention is balanced in nutrition, it is long to be conducive to meter sashimi (raw fish), can improve survival rate, also can reduce the fat content in meter fish body, improve mouthfeel and the local flavor of rice fish.
Claims (6)
1. a rice carp compound feed is characterized in that, by weight percentage, is grouped into by following one-tenth:
Fish meal 15 ~ 20%, dregs of beans 30 ~ 35%, fermented bean dregs 10 ~ 15%, peanut meal 3 ~ 5%, brewer's yeast 3 ~ 5%, Strong flour 10 ~ 15%, fish oil 1 ~ 3%, vegetable oil 1 ~ 3%, cuttlefish cream 3 ~ 5%, soybean lecithin powder 1 ~ 3%, carboxymethyl cellulose 1 ~ 3%, compound vitamin additive 0.3 ~ 0.5%, composite mineral matter additive 1 ~ 3%, sodium dehydroacetate 0.1 ~ 0.2%, butylated hydroxy anisole 0.2 ~ 0.3%, citric acid 1 ~ 3% is proposed bright agent 0.5 ~ 1%, above-mentioned each component sum is 100%, describedly propose bright agent by albumen local flavor element, Choline Chloride, L-l-cn and amino acid powder are formed, and the quality percentage composition of putting forward each component in the bright agent is: albumen local flavor element 10 ~ 20%, Choline Chloride 35 ~ 40%, L-l-cn 20 ~ 25%, amino acid powder 20 ~ 35%.
2. a kind of meter carp compound feed according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described compound vitamin additive of every 1000g, contains vitamin A 5 ~ 10g, Cobastab
11 ~ 5g, Cobastab
25 ~ 10g, Cobastab
610 ~ 15g, nicotinic acid 1 ~ 5g, vitamin K
31 ~ 5g, Cobastab
120.05 ~ 0.1g, folic acid 0.5 ~ 1g, biotin 0.5 ~ 1g, VD1 0 ~ 15g, vitamin E 5 ~ 10g, calcium pantothenate 50 ~ 100g, inositol 300 ~ 500g, all the other are the wheat bran powder.
3. a kind of meter carp compound feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the described composite mineral matter additive of every 1000g, contain calcium dihydrogen phosphate 20 ~ 25g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 5 ~ 15g, potassium chloride 2 ~ 5g, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 10 ~ 15g, epsom salt 10 ~ 15g, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 1 ~ 3g, six water aluminum sulfate, 0.02 ~ 0.05g, white vitriol 0.5 ~ 1.5g, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.1 ~ 0.3g, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.01 ~ 0.03g, CoCL2 0.2 ~ 0.5g, KI 0.02 ~ 0.05g, all the other are zeolite powder.
4. the preparation method of a rice carp compound feed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) weighing: the percentage by weight by each component in the rice carp compound feed takes by weighing each component;
(2) crushing screening: with the fish meal, dregs of beans, fermented bean dregs, peanut meal, brewer's yeast, Strong flour, soybean lecithin powder, carboxymethyl cellulose, compound vitamin additive, composite mineral matter additive, sodium dehydroacetate, butylated hydroxy anisole, the citric acid that take by weighing and propose bright agent and mix, pulverize the back and cross 100 ~ 120 mesh sieves, obtain premix;
(3) mix: in premix, add fish oil, vegetable oil and the cuttlefish cream that takes by weighing, stir again, obtain compound;
(4) modified granulation: compound is carried out making granular wet feed after the modifier treatment;
(5) dry packing: wet feed is carried out cold wind dehydrate and be cooled to room temperature, namely get a meter carp compound feed finished product after the packing.
5. preparation method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the temperature of modifier treatment is 60 ~ 70 ℃ in the step (4), and the modified time is 5 ~ 10 minutes, and the humidity of wet feed is 10 ~ 15%.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described preparation methods, it is characterized in that the particle diameter of wet feed is 2 ~ 5mm in the step (4).
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| CN103947896B (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-07-29 | 通威股份有限公司 | A kind of auxotype threadfin of green health is bred as mixed feed |
| CN106720960A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of feed addictive and its application that can improve Scioenops ocellatus resistance against diseases and lifting flesh quality |
| CN106879883A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-06-23 | 黄平县龙井河生态鱼业开发有限责任公司 | A kind of fish meal and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20121003 Assignee: ZHOUSHAN HAIYOO SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Assignor: ZHEJIANG MARINE DEVELOPMENT Research Institute Contract record no.: X2023980044653 Denomination of invention: A rice fish formula feed and its preparation method Granted publication date: 20130904 License type: Common License Record date: 20231027 Application publication date: 20121003 Assignee: ZHOUSHAN LONGHONG OCEAN BIOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Assignor: ZHEJIANG MARINE DEVELOPMENT Research Institute Contract record no.: X2023980044500 Denomination of invention: A rice fish formula feed and its preparation method Granted publication date: 20130904 License type: Common License Record date: 20231026 |
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