CN100511570C - photoelectron multiplier - Google Patents
photoelectron multiplier Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100511570C CN100511570C CNB2005100963683A CN200510096368A CN100511570C CN 100511570 C CN100511570 C CN 100511570C CN B2005100963683 A CNB2005100963683 A CN B2005100963683A CN 200510096368 A CN200510096368 A CN 200510096368A CN 100511570 C CN100511570 C CN 100511570C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- microchannel plate
- photocathode
- microstrip line
- photomultiplier
- microchannel
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005658 nuclear physics Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J43/00—Secondary-emission tubes; Electron-multiplier tubes
- H01J43/04—Electron multipliers
- H01J43/06—Electrode arrangements
- H01J43/18—Electrode arrangements using essentially more than one dynode
- H01J43/24—Dynodes having potential gradient along their surfaces
- H01J43/246—Microchannel plates [MCP]
Landscapes
- Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a photomultiplier, in particular to a photomultiplier adopting a double-gating mode and a double-microchannel-plate structure. By improving the microchannel plate assembly structure and the gating mode, the time resolution of the framing camera is improved, imaging noise and dark current are reduced, and the technical problem that the time resolution capability and the imaging gain of a photoelectron multiplier of the microchannel plate structure cannot be synchronously improved is solved.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Photomultiplier, especially a kind of Photomultiplier spare that adopts two microchannel plate structures of double-gate mode.
Two, background technology
At present, based on microchannel plate as Photomultiplier spare, the framing camera that is aided with ultrashort high electric field pulse travelling wave gating technology, because its response spectrum scope wide (with the au cathode is example: it is 0.1ev-10kev that the response wave length scope is converted into electron energy), time and space resolution height is widely used in the diagnosis of the ultrafast phenomena in χ ray, gamma-rays, the extreme ultraviolet line spectrum scope in recent years.Its range of application has contained nuclear physics, Biomedical Photonics, plasma physics, high field physics or the like popular subject of research both at home and abroad.
Along with the original physical schemes of present generation ultrafast phenomena is constantly perfect, for to the pursuit of detailed information more in the ultrafast process, the various aspects of performance parameter request of ultrafast phenomenon diagnosis device also improves constantly accordingly, and what wherein pay close attention to the most is the temporal resolution and the gain of imaging device.What be applied the earliest is a kind of travelling wave gating formula framing imaging device that adopts the crooked microstrip structure of single microchannel plate list, is 292 psecs in half-breadth, and amplitude is that temporal resolution can reach 100 psecs under 2000 volts the high pressure strobe pulse effect.Occurred a kind of travelling wave gating formula framing imaging modifying device that adopts four parallel even distribution type microstrip structures of single microchannel plate then again, the gate width of psec high-voltage pulse generator emission is 210ps, and corresponding minimum exposure time is 58ps.Though this device has bigger progress on temporal resolution, but near the theoretical boundary of single microchannel plate structure, and corresponding gating high-voltage pulse pulsewidth narrow aspect difficulty very big, be subject to the microchannel plate manufacture craft, reducing microchannel plate thickness also can't realize with the approach that improves the imaging device temporal resolution, and single microchannel plate structure that thickness is relatively thinner can badly influence the gain of the image that obtains in this case, thereby reduces whole imaging signal to noise ratio.
The ultrafast imaging device that has occurred a kind of two microchannel plate structures based on single gating recently.This device is formed with two MCP that lean on very closely, first block of MCP plate approaches (200um) as the gating plate, second block of MCP plate thicker (450um) is operated in dc state, it is not enough to be used for compensating first imaging that is brought gain, its time for exposure can be improved significantly, minimum exposure time has reached 32 psecs, but spatial resolution can descend to some extent.And on this architecture basics, to obtain high temporal resolution, and be to be prerequisite with the spatial resolution of sacrificing image, therefore still do not reach the purpose of guaranteeing high time resolution and high imaging intensity gain simultaneously.
Three, summary of the invention
The present invention has overcome the shortcoming that can't improve the framing pipe temporal resolution under the condition that hardware condition has reached capacity.By improving microchannel plate package assembly and gating mode, improved the temporal resolution of framing camera, be reduced to picture noise and dark current, the technical problem that the Photomultiplier spare time resolution that has solved microchannel plate structure in the background technology and imaging gain and can't improve synchronously.
Technical solution of the present invention is: the present invention is a kind of Photomultiplier, the electric cabinet that comprises microchannel plate and generation electric pulse, its special character is: described microchannel plate is two, becoming parallel back-to-back symmetry closely to be sticked puts, electric cabinet is used to the positive and negative two-way electric pulse that produces and control, two microchannel plates of gating respectively under the certain hour relation.
Above-mentioned microchannel plate is that an end face is provided with the photocathode microstrip line, the microchannel plate of other end plating.
Interior each passage of above-mentioned two microchannel plates is connected into V-type mutually or the Λ type is symmetrical arranged.
The metal forming of electric action is set between above-mentioned microchannel plate.
Above-mentioned metal foil thickness is 1um-1mm.
The positive and negative electric pulse that above-mentioned electric cabinet produces is carried in respectively on the photocathode microstrip line of microchannel plate.
The plating face of above-mentioned two microchannel plates is oppositely arranged.
The photocathode of above-mentioned two microchannel plates is symmetrical arranged.
Above-mentioned microchannel plate is diameter 30mm---the circular microchannel plate of 100mm.
The photocathode microstrip line of above-mentioned microchannel plate is shaped as required on request different shape.
Above-mentioned photocathode is a golden light electricity negative electrode microstrip line.
Photocathode microstrip line bar number on the above-mentioned microchannel plate is more than 1 or 1.
Above-mentioned photocathode micro belt line width is 3～45mm.
Distance between above-mentioned every photocathode microstrip line is 2mm～5mm.
A kind of imaging device of using above-mentioned Photomultiplier, its special character is: described imaging device comprises Photomultiplier, wiring board, can cut down ring, image converter tube ring flange, phosphor screen.Photomultiplier is installed on the image converter tube ring flange by wiring board, joins with the phosphor screen sealing by cutting down ring in the axial symmetry center of image converter tube ring flange, and phosphor screen and Photomultiplier closely are sticked and put.
The present invention adopts the structure of two microchannel plates, loads positive and negative electric pulse on the photocathode microstrip line respectively, and the feasible photoelectron that converts to by photocathode is by gating and enhancing.Photoelectron after the acquisition gating strengthens enters second microchannel plate and continues the gating enhancing after first microchannel plate outgoing under electric field action.Owing to each passage in the microchannel plate is to adopt " V " shape or the butt joint of " Λ " type to be provided with at two microchannel plate contact-making surfaces, so the noise suppressed part that first microchannel plate gating can be brought, thereby the signal to noise ratio of whole imaging improved.Received by the photoelectron harvester from the photoelectron of second microchannel plate outgoing, form image output.On microchannel plate, make the time-delay cable that satisfied different photocathode microstrip lines that require and setting match, disassemble from room and time, obtain the observation image of two dimension thereby will be observed phenomenon corresponding to the different recording time.Two nearly microchannel plates that paste are adopted the mode of twice gating, both guaranteed the gain of imaging, can improve the time resolution of whole system again.The present invention not only can be applicable in the imaging device such as framing camera, also may be used in other device that needs the photoelectron multiplication.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 be Fig. 1 A to B to view;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of Application Example of the present invention.
Five, embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1,2, present embodiment adopts double-gate microchannel plate technology, makes microchannel plate 1 and microchannel plate 2 parallel and be symmetrical arranged back-to-back, and each passage is connected into V-type or Λ type structure mutually at two microchannel plate contact-making surfaces in the microchannel plate.Consider that for symmetry microchannel plate 1,2 general selected shape are round, diameter all can from 30mm to 100mm according to the imaging region specific requirement.Two microchannel plates 1,2 are coated with the photocathode microstrip line 4 that the microstrip line shape distributes to adopt on the end face, the gold-plated microchannel plate of another end face is good.Photocathode microstrip line 4 is good with golden light electricity negative electrode, and number is more than 1 or 1, is good with 4.Difference according to the imaging size requirements, but photocathode microstrip line 4 appropriate change width, be evenly distributed on the diameter both sides of circular microchannel plate 1,2 with parallel symmetric mode, photocathode microstrip line 4 width are 3mm～45mm, and the distance between every photocathode microstrip line 4 is 2mm～5mm.Another end face for conduction consideration microchannel plate 1,2 is answered overgild, and the gilding of two microchannel plates 1,2 should be oppositely arranged.Two microchannel plates 1,2 utilize microchannel plate aperture apparatus is aimed at and self calibration, and the position of golden light electricity negative electrode microstrip line 4 is symmetrical arranged.Install in the process of two microchannel plates 1,2, insert the thick 1um-1mm goldleaf 3 of a slice and connect between the adjacent both ends face, concrete thickness is calibrated after according to 1,2 pairs of holes of two microchannel plates and is decided.The electric pulse that automatically controlled part produces is carried on the negative electrode microstrip line, is engraved on the negative electrode microstrip line when difference as requested and transmits, and plays gating.
Referring to Fig. 3, above-mentioned concrete Photomultiplier is applied in the imaging device.This imaging device comprises Photomultiplier 5, wiring board 6, the phosphor screen 7 that has electric control gear, can cut down ring 8, image converter tube ring flange 9.Photomultiplier 5 is installed on the image converter tube ring flange 9 by wiring board 6, and the axial symmetry center of image converter tube ring flange 9 joins by cutting down the sealing of ring 8 and phosphor screen 7, and phosphor screen 7 closely is sticked with Photomultiplier 5 and puts.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows: photon incides evaporation by pre-imaging devices such as pinhole plates to be had on the microchannel plate 1 of photocathode 4.Because another effect of photocathode 4 is the little band with transfer function, so the negative high voltage strobe pulse is loaded on the photocathode 4.This pulse pulsewidth is adjustable to number nanoseconds from hundred psecs, pulse amplitude from one kilovolt adjustable to 2,005 hectovolts, concrete parameter requires according to image gain and decides.Be added with positive high pressure strobe pulse on the photocathode microstrip line of the output face of microchannel plate 2, concrete parameter is identical with negative pulse.Rely on goldleaf 3 or other metal that conducts electricity very well to connect between two microchannel plates 1,2, and ground connection, make between two end faces of every microchannel plate and form electric field respectively.
On the photocathode microstrip line 4 of microchannel plate 1 input face, load the shutter electric pulse, along with the capable ripple transmission of high pressure strobe pulse on photocathode 4, the a certain moment has only one section microstrip area that voltage is arranged, one-tenth converts photoelectron at this regional radioscopic image to by photocathode microstrip line 4, and in the microchannel, double, the back enters in the microchannel of microchannel plate 2 from the output face outgoing of microchannel plate 1 again.Load corresponding positive high voltage strobe pulse on the photocathode microstrip line 4 in microchannel plate 2 output faces, the photoelectron in microchannel plate 2 passages will obtain energy, from microchannel plate 2 output face outgoing, be imaged onto on the phosphor screen then.After one period transmission time, the radioscopic image zone that electric pulse reaches all the other pin holes successively and become.These pin hole imagings will be successively one by one by gating and be imaged on the phosphor screen.The output picture takes with CCD or film.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of Photomultiplier, the electric cabinet that comprises microchannel plate and generation electric pulse, it is characterized in that: described microchannel plate one end face is provided with the photocathode microstrip line, other end plating, described photocathode microstrip line are evenly distributed on the diameter both sides of microchannel plate with parallel symmetric mode; Described microchannel plate is two, be respectively first microchannel plate and second microchannel plate, become parallel back-to-back symmetry closely to be sticked and put, the plating end face of first microchannel plate and second microchannel plate is oppositely arranged, and the metal forming of electric action has been set between first microchannel plate and second microchannel plate; Described electric cabinet produces the positive and negative two-way electric pulse that is used to control respectively, the positive and negative two-way electric pulse that described electric cabinet produces is carried in respectively on the photocathode microstrip line of first and second microchannel plates, the photocathode microstrip line of wherein said first microchannel plate loads the negative high voltage strobe pulse, and the photocathode microstrip line of described second microchannel plate loads the positive high voltage strobe pulse.
2, Photomultiplier according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described metal foil thickness is 1 μ m-1mm.
3, Photomultiplier according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described microchannel plate is the circular microchannel plate of diameter 30mm-100mm.
4, Photomultiplier according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described photocathode microstrip line is a golden light electricity negative electrode microstrip line.
5, Photomultiplier according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the photocathode microstrip line bar number on the described microchannel plate is more than 1.
6, Photomultiplier according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described photocathode micro belt line width is 3～45mm.
7, Photomultiplier according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the distance between described every photocathode microstrip line is 2mm～5mm.
8, a kind of application rights requires the imaging device of 1 described Photomultiplier, it is characterized in that: described imaging device comprises Photomultiplier as claimed in claim 1, wiring board, can cut down ring, image converter tube ring flange and phosphor screen, described Photomultiplier is installed on the image converter tube ring flange by wiring board, axial symmetry center at the image converter tube ring flange joins by cutting down the sealing of ring and phosphor screen, phosphor screen and Photomultiplier closely are sticked and put, and the positive negative pulse stuffing that electric cabinet produces transmits on the photocathode microstrip line by wiring board.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100963683A CN100511570C (en) | 2005-11-17 | 2005-11-17 | photoelectron multiplier |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100963683A CN100511570C (en) | 2005-11-17 | 2005-11-17 | photoelectron multiplier |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1967770A CN1967770A (en) | 2007-05-23 |
| CN100511570C true CN100511570C (en) | 2009-07-08 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100963683A Expired - Fee Related CN100511570C (en) | 2005-11-17 | 2005-11-17 | photoelectron multiplier |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN100511570C (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103762148B (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2016-03-02 | 山西长城微光器材股份有限公司 | A kind of microchannel plate for photomultiplier |
| CN106158554B (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2018-01-16 | 北方夜视技术股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of V-type passage microchannel plate |
| CN106531606B (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-02-16 | 山东航天电子技术研究所 | A kind of open microchannel plate component for space environment |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4024390A (en) * | 1976-04-09 | 1977-05-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Two microchannel plate picture element array image intensifier tube and system |
| CN1311872A (en) * | 1998-06-05 | 2001-09-05 | Drs哈德兰德有限公司 | Imaging arrangement and method |
| CN1635601A (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2005-07-06 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Hole aligning device and method for double microchannel plate |
-
2005
- 2005-11-17 CN CNB2005100963683A patent/CN100511570C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4024390A (en) * | 1976-04-09 | 1977-05-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Two microchannel plate picture element array image intensifier tube and system |
| CN1311872A (en) * | 1998-06-05 | 2001-09-05 | Drs哈德兰德有限公司 | Imaging arrangement and method |
| CN1635601A (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2005-07-06 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Hole aligning device and method for double microchannel plate |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1967770A (en) | 2007-05-23 |
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Granted publication date: 20090708 Termination date: 20111117 |