CN108054075B - Framing image converter tube and framing camera - Google Patents
Framing image converter tube and framing camera Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108054075B CN108054075B CN201711342464.0A CN201711342464A CN108054075B CN 108054075 B CN108054075 B CN 108054075B CN 201711342464 A CN201711342464 A CN 201711342464A CN 108054075 B CN108054075 B CN 108054075B
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- framing
- cathode
- micro
- transmission
- converter tube
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- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002083 X-ray spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005658 nuclear physics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002211 ultraviolet spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J43/00—Secondary-emission tubes; Electron-multiplier tubes
- H01J43/04—Electron multipliers
- H01J43/06—Electrode arrangements
- H01J43/08—Cathode arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B39/00—High-speed photography
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrafast diagnosis, and provides a framing image converter tube and a framing camera aiming at the problems of low sensitivity, low spatial resolution, high-voltage driving requirement and the like of a traditional framing image converter tube. The framing image converter tube comprises a framing tube shell and is characterized by further comprising a transmission cathode micro-strip substrate, an electron multiplier and a fluorescent screen which are sequentially arranged on the framing tube shell; the transmission type cathode micro-strip substrate can transmit ultraviolet light or soft X rays, is fixedly arranged on the framing tube shell, and is plated with at least one transmission type cathode micro-strip on the lower surface; the high-voltage gating pulse generated by the high-voltage pulse generation and transmission system is transmitted on the transmission cathode microstrip; the electron multiplier is used for multiplying electrons generated by photoelectric conversion by taking the transmission cathode microstrip as a cathode; the phosphor screen converts electrons into photon imaging output under the bombardment of multiplied electrons.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrafast diagnosis, in particular to a framing image converter tube and a framing camera.
Background
A micro-channel plate (MCP) traveling wave gating framing camera is a two-dimensional image acquisition device and is used for ultra-fast phenomenon diagnosis in the X-ray and ultraviolet spectrum range, the application range of the micro-channel plate (MCP) traveling wave gating framing camera covers novel subjects such as nuclear physics, biomedical photonics, plasma physics, intense field physics and the like, and the micro-channel plate (MCP) traveling wave gating framing camera is necessary diagnostic equipment for inertial confinement fusion experiments.
The micro-channel plate (MCP) traveling wave gating frame camera mainly comprises a high-voltage pulse generation and transmission system and a frame image converter tube, wherein the high-voltage pulse generation and transmission system generates high-voltage gating pulses for driving a cathode micro-strip; the frame image converter tube is composed of reflective cathode micro-strip, micro-channel plate (MCP) electron multiplier and fluorescent screen. When the framing camera works, high-voltage gating pulses are transmitted in a reflective cathode microstrip of a framing pipe system; when the pulse passes through the reflective cathode microstrip transmission line, electrons generated by the reflective cathode are multiplied and amplified through a Micro Channel Plate (MCP) in a selected area, and then the electrons bombard a fluorescent screen for imaging under the action of an electric field of the fluorescent screen.
The traditional framing image converter tube is characterized in that a micro-strip cathode is manufactured on the surface of a micro-channel plate (MCP), namely a reflective cathode. But the reflective cathode sensitivity is very low; in addition, the characteristic impedance of the reflective cathode microstrip is low, and gating pulses with higher voltage amplitude are required to realize high gain multiplication, so that higher requirements are provided for a gating pulse generating system, and the manufacturing difficulty of the high-voltage gating pulse generating system is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low sensitivity, low spatial resolution, high-voltage driving requirement and the like of the traditional framing image converter tube and the framing camera, the invention provides the framing image converter tube and the framing camera, which can effectively improve the sensitivity and the spatial resolution by adopting a transmission type cathode traveling wave gating framing imaging technology.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the framing image converter tube comprises a framing tube shell and is characterized by further comprising a transmission cathode micro-strip substrate, an electron multiplier and a fluorescent screen which are sequentially arranged on the framing tube shell; the transmission type cathode micro-strip substrate can transmit ultraviolet light or soft X rays, is fixedly arranged on the framing tube shell, and is plated with at least one transmission type cathode micro-strip on the lower surface; the high-voltage gating pulse generated by the high-voltage pulse generation and transmission system is transmitted on the transmission cathode microstrip; the electron multiplier is used for multiplying electrons generated by photoelectric conversion by taking the transmission cathode microstrip as a cathode; the phosphor screen converts electrons into photon imaging output under the bombardment of multiplied electrons.
Further, in order to improve the spatial resolution, the electron multiplier adopts a micro-channel plate with direct current added on the electrode, and the main function is to amplify weak signals so that electrons converted by the cathode can enter the micro-channel in a large amount; in order to enable electrons converted by the cathode to enter the micro-channel in a large quantity, the spatial resolution is improved, and the number of electrodes on the micro-channel plate is the same as that of the transmission type cathode micro-strips and is matched and arranged at corresponding positions.
Further, the distance between the lower surface of the transmissive cathode microstrip substrate and the electron input surface of the microchannel plate is less than or equal to 1mm.
Further, the fluorescent screen comprises an optical fiber panel and fluorescent powder plated on the upper surface of the optical fiber panel, wherein the distance between the upper surface of the optical fiber panel and the electron output surface of the microchannel plate is less than or equal to 1mm.
Further, the number of the transmissive cathode micro-strips can be 4-6 according to the area of the micro-channel plate, the micro-strip spacing and the actual requirement.
Further, the transmissive cathode microstrip adopts a gold cathode, and the thickness of the gold cathode is 100-350 angstroms.
Further, the transmissive cathode microstrip substrate is made of quartz glass or beryllium film.
Further, the thickness of the electrode is 0.5 to 2 μm.
The framing camera comprises a high-voltage pulse generation and transmission system, and is characterized in that: the framing image converter further comprises the framing image converter tube.
Further, the amplitude of the electric pulse generation transmission system can be small, the width can be narrowed, the manufacturing difficulty can be reduced, and the multi-path pulse consistency is high; therefore, in order to improve the time resolution, the above-described high-voltage pulse generation and transmission system employs an electric pulse generation and transmission system.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
it has been theorized that transmissive cathodes have lower quantum conversion efficiency than reflective cathodes, and produce fewer electrons, ultimately resulting in poor frame converter tube gain, and therefore transmissive cathodes have not been used on frame converters.
It has recently been found through theoretical studies and experiments that while reflective cathode conversion efficiency is higher than transmissive cathodes, the electrons converted by reflective cathodes are less multiplied into the microchannel, most of which reflect out of the microchannel or transition radially out of the microchannel.
The transmission type micro-strip is used as a cathode to perform photoelectric conversion and used as a micro-strip to perform gating pulse transmission, and the micro-strip on the micro-channel plate is only used as an electrode to control electrons generated by the transmission type cathode to completely enter the micro-channel. After light is converted into electrons by the transmission cathode, the electrons all enter the micro-channel for multiplication under the action of an electric field applied by the electrode, so that the multiplied primary electrons are increased, the obtained image gain is also improved, and the spatial resolution is also improved.
Meanwhile, the ohmic impedance of the transmission type cathode microstrip is smaller, the loss of the gating pulse is small when the gating pulse is transmitted on the transmission type cathode microstrip, the uniformity of the framing image converter tube can be improved, and meanwhile, the dynode is arranged on the microchannel plate, so that the voltage applied by the transmission type cathode microstrip can be reduced, the amplitude of the required gating pulse can be reduced, the half-width is narrowed, the manufacturing difficulty of the gating pulse is reduced, and the time resolution of the framing camera is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. The framing image converter tube provided by the invention uses the transmission cathode micro-strip to replace the micro-channel plate (MCP) as the gating micro-strip, the electrode plated on the original micro-channel plate (MCP) is not used as the gating micro-strip any more, and the direct current voltage is applied to the electrode, so that the electrode is only used for multiplying electrons in the micro-channel. The invention can relatively increase multiplied electrons by one time or even several times by replacing the reflective cathode with the transmissive cathode, the sensitivity of the camera is improved by 2-5 times, the spatial resolution is greatly improved to 25lp/mm from the original 151p/mm, and the sensitivity and the spatial resolution are subjected to breakthrough progress.
2. The transmission cathode provided by the invention is plated on the transmission cathode microstrip substrate, has smaller ohmic impedance, and the voltage applied to the transmission cathode microstrip is not required to be very high because of the very close distance between the transmission cathode and the microchannel plate (MCP), so that the amplitude of the gating pulse is greatly reduced, the stability of the gating pulse and the consistency of multiple paths of pulses are improved, and the diagnosis experiment can obtain more stable and accurate data while the difficulty of manufacturing the high-voltage gating pulse is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along section C-C in fig. 1.
The reference numerals in the drawings are as follows:
1-input end of high-voltage pulse generation transmission system;
2-a transmissive cathode microstrip substrate;
3-a supporting frame;
4-framing tube shells;
5-a microchannel plate;
6-an optical fiber panel;
7-a sealing ring.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
A framing image converter tube as shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a framing tube shell 4, a transmission cathode microstrip substrate 2, an electron multiplier and a fluorescent screen which are sequentially arranged on the framing tube shell 4; the electron multiplier is a microchannel plate 5 for applying direct current to the electrode, and the fluorescent screen comprises an optical fiber panel 6 and fluorescent powder plated on the upper surface of the optical fiber panel.
The transmission type cathode microstrip substrate 2 is made of quartz glass or beryllium film, can transmit ultraviolet light or soft X rays, is fixedly arranged on the framing tube shell 4 through the support frame 3, and is plated with 6 pieces of gold transmission type cathode microstrip on the lower surface, wherein the thickness of the microstrip is 100-350 angstroms. The high-voltage pulse generation and transmission system selects an electric pulse generation and transmission system, and the generated high-voltage gating pulse is input through the input end 1 of the high-voltage pulse generation and transmission system and then is transmitted on the transmission cathode microstrip.
The microchannel plate 5 is plated with an electrode with the thickness of 0.5-2 mu m; the number of the electrodes on the microchannel plate 5 is the same as that of the transmissive cathode micro-strip and the electrodes are correspondingly matched and arranged, so that electrons generated by photoelectric conversion by taking the transmissive cathode micro-strip as a cathode can be controlled to enter the microchannel, and the electrons entering the microchannel can be multiplied. The distance between the lower surface of the transmissive cathode microstrip substrate 2 and the electron input surface of the microchannel plate 5 is less than or equal to 1mm.
The optical fiber panel 6 is sealed with the framing tube housing 4 through a sealing ring 7. The distance between the upper surface of the fiber optic faceplate 6 and the electron output face of the microchannel plate 5 is < 1mm.
A framing camera comprises a high-voltage pulse generation and transmission system and the framing image converter tube, wherein the high-voltage pulse generation and transmission system adopts an electric pulse generation and transmission system. The high-voltage pulse generation and transmission system is connected with the framing converter tube through an input end 1 of the high-voltage pulse generation and transmission system on the framing tube shell 4.
The working process of the invention comprises the following steps:
When the framing camera works, high-voltage gating pulses generated by the high-voltage pulse generation and transmission system are transmitted on the transmission cathode microstrip. Meanwhile, ultraviolet light or X-rays to be detected irradiate a transmission cathode micro-strip serving as a cathode, electrons are generated by the cathode through photoelectric conversion, the electrons enter corresponding micro-channels for multiplication under the action of an electric field generated by micro-channel plate MCP electrodes, and the electrons multiplied for many times through the micro-channel plate MCP channels bombard a fluorescent screen under the action of a fluorescent screen electric field, so that the fluorescent screen converts the electrons into photons for imaging output.
Claims (8)
1. The framing image converter tube comprises a framing tube shell (4), and is characterized in that: the device also comprises a transmission cathode micro-strip substrate (2), an electron multiplier and a fluorescent screen which are sequentially arranged on the framing tube shell (4);
the transmission type cathode micro-strip substrate (2) can transmit ultraviolet light or soft X rays, is fixedly arranged on the framing tube shell (4), and is plated with at least one transmission type cathode micro-strip on the lower surface thereof, and high-voltage gating pulses generated by the high-voltage pulse generation transmission system are transmitted on the transmission type cathode micro-strip;
The electron multiplier is used for multiplying electrons generated by photoelectric conversion by taking the transmission cathode microstrip as a cathode;
the electron multiplier adopts a micro-channel plate (5) for applying direct current to the electrodes, and the number of the electrodes on the micro-channel plate (5) is the same as that of the transmission type cathode micro-strips and is arranged at the corresponding positions in a matching way;
The distance between the lower surface of the transmission type cathode microstrip substrate (2) and the electron input surface of the microchannel plate (5) is less than or equal to 1mm.
2. The frame converter tube of claim 1, wherein: the fluorescent screen comprises an optical fiber panel (6) and fluorescent powder plated on the upper surface of the optical fiber panel (6), wherein the distance between the upper surface of the optical fiber panel (6) and the electron output surface of the microchannel plate (5) is less than or equal to 1mm.
3. The frame converter tube of claim 2, wherein: the number of the transmission type cathode micro-strips is 4-6.
4. A frame converter tube according to claim 3, characterized in that: the transmission type cathode microstrip substrate (2) is made of quartz glass or beryllium film.
5. The frame converter tube of claim 4, wherein: the transmission cathode microstrip adopts a gold cathode, and the thickness of the gold cathode is 100-350 angstroms.
6. The frame converter tube according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: the thickness of the electrode is 0.5-2 mu m.
7. A framing camera comprising a high voltage pulse generating transmission system, characterized by: further comprising a frame converter tube according to any of claims 1 to 6.
8. The framing camera of claim 7, wherein: the high-voltage pulse generation and transmission system is an electric pulse generation and transmission system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711342464.0A CN108054075B (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2017-12-14 | Framing image converter tube and framing camera |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711342464.0A CN108054075B (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2017-12-14 | Framing image converter tube and framing camera |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108054075A CN108054075A (en) | 2018-05-18 |
| CN108054075B true CN108054075B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711342464.0A Active CN108054075B (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2017-12-14 | Framing image converter tube and framing camera |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN108054075B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114999875B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2024-03-22 | 深圳大学 | Time-widening framing camera with improved time resolution consistency |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB653075A (en) * | 1948-04-15 | 1951-05-09 | Baden John Edwards | Improvements in or relating to photo-electric apparatus for electronic translation of optical images |
| GB901792A (en) * | 1959-09-30 | 1962-07-25 | Nat Res Dev | Improvements in or relating to photo-electric image tubes |
| GB1154515A (en) * | 1967-05-15 | 1969-06-11 | Mullard Ltd | Improvements in or relating to Image Intensifiers |
| CN2773749Y (en) * | 2005-07-26 | 2006-04-19 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Travelling wave gating framing camera for X-ray micro-channel plate |
| CN207637745U (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-07-20 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Amplitude-division image converter tube and amplitude-division camera |
-
2017
- 2017-12-14 CN CN201711342464.0A patent/CN108054075B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB653075A (en) * | 1948-04-15 | 1951-05-09 | Baden John Edwards | Improvements in or relating to photo-electric apparatus for electronic translation of optical images |
| GB901792A (en) * | 1959-09-30 | 1962-07-25 | Nat Res Dev | Improvements in or relating to photo-electric image tubes |
| GB1154515A (en) * | 1967-05-15 | 1969-06-11 | Mullard Ltd | Improvements in or relating to Image Intensifiers |
| CN2773749Y (en) * | 2005-07-26 | 2006-04-19 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Travelling wave gating framing camera for X-ray micro-channel plate |
| CN207637745U (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-07-20 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Amplitude-division image converter tube and amplitude-division camera |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| X射线分幅相机发展研究;白雁力等;《电视技术》;第37卷(第19期);第254-257页 * |
| 大动态范围飞秒扫描变像管理论与实验研究;宗方轲;《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 信息科技辑》(第03期);第24-25页 * |
| 用于双微带阴极选通型分幅相机的改进型第三代像增强器研究;蔡志鹏;《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅱ辑》(第06期);第8-15、81页 * |
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| CN108054075A (en) | 2018-05-18 |
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