CN100503091C - Uniform liquid drop injecting three-dimensional fast shaping method and apparatus thereof - Google Patents
Uniform liquid drop injecting three-dimensional fast shaping method and apparatus thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100503091C CN100503091C CNB2007100598941A CN200710059894A CN100503091C CN 100503091 C CN100503091 C CN 100503091C CN B2007100598941 A CNB2007100598941 A CN B2007100598941A CN 200710059894 A CN200710059894 A CN 200710059894A CN 100503091 C CN100503091 C CN 100503091C
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to rapid molding field of technology, which especially relates to a rapid shaping method and a device of metal. Inert gas used by the present invention is bled into a crucible and a vacuum tight chamber that can obtain steady differential pressure by means of pressure control system, which makes mental fusant ejected in the form of laminar jet from a micro-nozzle that is positioned on a bottom of the crucible. Vibration disturbance mental shooting flow produced by a piezoelectric oscillator turns metal shooting flow into uniform droplets. And real-time size parameters of the droplets mentioned-above can be obtained by monitoring system and computer analysis system. Subject to the size parameters of part that are input in advance, micro-computer control system has the real-time control for electrical field parameters of a deflexion polar plate, thus, controlling flight profile of the metal droplets and manufacturing metal parts with good quality in cooperation with a three-dimensional control station. The present invention is able to directly turn liquid metal into close-finished metal parts that are provided with rapid coagulation and delicate structure. The present invention has short technological process and products have good quality, which greatly reduces equipment investments.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the rapid shaping technique field, particularly a kind of metalwork quick molding method and device.
Background technology
Rapid shaping technique adopt material pile up forming principle with material successively or pointwise pile up moulding and come finished parts.Traditional atomized spray forming technique causes final forming part density poor because the molten drop that produces is inhomogeneous, the porosity height, and product quality is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the above-mentioned deficiency that overcomes prior art, proposes a kind ofly can directly generate even molten drop from liquid metals, prepares the device of metal parts then fast.
For this reason, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of symmetrical liquid drop injecting three-dimensional fast shaping device, comprise vacuum chamber, be fixed on the crucible of vacuum chamber top, gas pressure regulator, piezoelectric oscillator, signal generator, add battery lead plate, the deflection pole plate, three-dimensional platform and the Control System of Microcomputer adjusted, wherein, crucible side wall and vacuum chamber the sidewall appendix by separately respectively link to each other with gas pressure regulator with valve, in crucible and vacuum chamber, be respectively arranged with pressure sensor, gas pressure regulator is according to the input adjusting crucible of pressure sensor and the gas pressure in the vacuum chamber, and crucible links to each other with the inert gas storage facilities respectively with vacuum chamber; The bottom of crucible is provided with the micro nozzle that is connected with vacuum chamber, the vibration head of piezoelectric oscillator is positioned at the top of micro nozzle, signal generator generates oscillator signal under the control of Control System of Microcomputer, the oscillator signal of signal generator output is carried on the piezoelectric oscillator; Add battery lead plate, deflection pole plate, the three-dimensional platform of adjusting is positioned at vacuum chamber, add the below that battery lead plate is arranged on micro nozzle, position relative and nozzle is provided with opening on it, the both sides, below that add battery lead plate are provided with the deflection pole plate, the power supply of deflection pole plate links to each other with Control System of Microcomputer, three-dimensional adjustment platform is positioned at the bottom of vacuum chamber, is subjected to the control of Control System of Microcomputer; The sidewall of vacuum chamber is provided with and dodges device and camera head frequently, and camera head links to each other with Control System of Microcomputer, and the flicker frequency of dodging the frequency device is subjected to the control of the frequency divider that links to each other with the output of signal generator; Control System of Microcomputer stores the sized data of the part that requires processing, can be according to the image of being gathered, calculate the diameter of drop, the frequency of oscillation of FEEDBACK CONTROL piezoelectric oscillator, and according to the drop size, charge number, distance of fall parameter and accessory size, control deflection pole plate supply voltage and the three-dimensional displacement of adjusting platform.
Symmetrical liquid drop injecting three-dimensional fast shaping device of the present invention, micro nozzle can be the sapphire apertures, and its diameter range can be between 0.050～5.000mm; The vibration frequency range of piezoelectric oscillator can be between 1～20kHz.
As preferred embodiment, preferably be equipped with the temperature element that links to each other with temperature regulating device in the crucible, the heater of crucible links to each other with temperature regulating device; Preferably be provided with baffle plate at deflection pole plate and three-dimensional the adjustment between the platform.
The present invention provides a kind of above-mentioned quick molding method that rapid molding device adopted simultaneously, and it comprises the following steps:
(1) will require the dimensional parameters input Control System of Microcomputer of the part processed;
(2) open the crucible loam cake, in crucible, add metal material that needs melting and sealing;
(3) sealed vacuum chamber;
(4) vacuum chamber is vacuumized, crucible and vacuum chamber are charged into inert protective gas;
(5) heating crucible, the metal material in the melting cup;
(6) open piezoelectric oscillator, add voltage to adding battery lead plate, in crucible, import inert protective gas, utilize pressure control device to make and reach stable pressure reduction between crucible and the vacuum chamber, thereby motlten metal is penetrated from the micropore of the crucible bottom form with laminar jet, under the effect of piezoelectric oscillator vibration head, the metal jet of outflow is fractured into uniform drop, all is with the equivalent electric charge at each drop when adding the battery lead plate middle opening;
(7) computer control system is utilized computer image analysis software, calculates the diameter of drop according to the captured drop image of camera head, and FEEDBACK CONTROL is adjusted the frequency that oscillator produces, thereby obtains to set the symmetrical liquid drop of size;
(8) power up for the deflection pole plate, Control System of Microcomputer is according to the drop size, the size of charge number and distance of fall parameter control deflection pole plate electric field, the flight path of control molten drop, and the three-dimensional platform of adjusting is moved by the definite position of part parameter, thereby deposit metal parts under the control of Control System of Microcomputer.
As preferred embodiment, should be provided with baffle plate at deflection pole plate and three-dimensional the adjustment between the platform, in execution in step (9) before, utilize baffle plate to stop that drop is dropped in three-dimensional the adjustment on the platform, treat that the technological parameter adjustment finishes after, remove baffle plate, execution in step (9); Should be equipped with the temperature element that links to each other with temperature regulating device in the crucible, the heater of crucible links to each other with temperature regulating device, utilizes temperature regulating device control crucible temperature.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. rapid molding device of the present invention and method, process controllability is strong, can control crucible temperature, the pressure differential of crucible and vacuum chamber, the voltage of deflection pole plate especially utilizes image surveillance system and circuit feedback control system to adjust the frequency that oscillator produces, molten drop that reduces to produce and the error of setting drop size, thereby the metallic particles of the uniform-dimension that obtains has improved production efficiency.
2. rapid molding device of the present invention and method, divide into offset and change pole plate adding battery lead plate, by computer control system according to the drop size, parameter such as charge number and distance of fall control deflection pole plate electric field level, thereby can control the flight path of molten drop, and cooperate the three-dimensional high-quality metal parts of platform deposition preparation of adjusting.The control of this kind quick molding method machinery is simple and accuracy is high.
3. rapid molding device of the present invention and method, can directly produce particle in the homogenization of aspects such as size, shape and thermodynamic condition, and the molten drop that will be in the appropriate thermal mechanical state is deposited on the relevant position accurately by the parameter request of required metal parts, directly provide the near-net-shape metal parts of rapid solidification tissue signature, compact structure from the liquid metal preparation, technological process is short, good product quality greatly reduces equipment investment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a symmetrical liquid drop injecting three-dimensional fast shaping apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention mainly is to use inert gas (as nitrogen) to inject crucible and vacuum tightness chamber, utilize control pressurer system to make crucible and vacuum tightness chamber reach stable pressure reduction, make metal bath form ejection with laminar jet from the micro nozzle of crucible bottom, according to Rayleigh jet unstability principle, vibrational perturbation metal jet with piezoelectric oscillator produces makes metal jet be fractured into uniform drop.By the real-time dimensional parameters of surveillance in conjunction with Computerized analysis system acquisition generation drop, and then at optimized parameter, the frequency of FEEDBACK CONTROL oscillator, molten drop that reduces to produce and the error of setting drop size.Molten drop is through adding the battery lead plate induction charging, and Control System of Microcomputer is controlled deflection pole plate electric pulse field parameter in real time according to the accessory size parameter of input in advance, thus the three-dimensional high-quality metal parts of platform deposition preparation of adjusting of the flight path of control molten drop and cooperation.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described.
1. referring to Fig. 1, rapid molding device of the present invention comprises crucible 1, piezoelectric oscillator 2, add battery lead plate 6, deflection pole plate 8, baffle plate 9, barrier support 10, vertical lift platform 11, x-y translation platform 12, crucible 1 is provided with piezoelectric oscillator 2, and piezoelectric oscillator 2 is connected with signal generator 36 by control line, the bottom of crucible 1 is inlaid with micro nozzle 5, the vibration head 3 of this piezoelectric oscillator 2 is arranged on the top of micropore 5, and crucible 1 lateral wall having heaters 4 has the battery lead plate of adding 6 below the outside of micro nozzle 5, with respect to the nozzle place opening 7 is arranged in the middle of adding battery lead plate 6, add both sides, battery lead plate below and be provided with parallel deflection pole plate 8.
2. the bottom of vacuum chamber 13 is provided with the three-dimensional that links to each other with Control System of Microcomputer by control line and adjusts platform, the three-dimensional platform of adjusting comprises vertical lift platform 11 and x-y translation platform 12 two parts, a baffle plate 9 is arranged above the vertical lift platform, be fixed on vacuum chamber 13 sidewalls by support 10.
3. crucible 1 sidewall and vacuum chamber 11 sidewalls are connected with appendix 15,16 respectively, appendix 15,16 is connected with valve 17,18 respectively, link to each other with inert gas storage facilities 20 by appendix 19, valve 17,18 is connected with gas pressure regulator 21 by control line 26,27.Gas pressure regulator 21 has two pressure sensors 22,23 to place crucible 1 and vacuum chamber 12 inside respectively.Vacuum chamber 13 right sides link to each other with vacuum valve 24 by appendix 28, are connected with vavuum pump 25 by appendix 29.
4. crucible 1 is built-in with temperature element-thermocouple 30, is connected with temperature regulating device 31 by line, and heater 4 is connected with temperature regulating device 31 by control line.Adding battery lead plate 6 is connected with power supply 14 by line respectively with deflection pole plate 8.Power supply 14 is connected with mainboard 38 in the Control System of Microcomputer by line.
5. vacuum chamber 12 left side walls have one to dodge device 32 frequently, are connected with frequency divider 34 by line, and frequency divider 34 is connected with signal generator 36 in the Control System of Microcomputer 35.Device 32 opposite positions have camera head 33 with dodging frequently on vacuum chamber 13 right sides, are connected with image collection card 37 in the microcomputer control equipment 35 by line.
6. Control System of Microcomputer 35 critical pieces include signal generator 36, image collection card 37 and mainboard 38.Signal generator 36 and image collection card 37 are connected on the computer motherboard 38 by control line respectively.
7. micro nozzle is circular sapphire aperture, and its diameter range is between 0.050～5.000mm, and the vibration frequency range of piezoelectric oscillator is between 1～20kHz.
In the present embodiment, it is as follows to adopt rapid molding device of the present invention to prepare the concrete steps of metal parts:
(1) open the crucible loam cake, in crucible, add the metallic material of aluminum 2024-T351 alloy 200g that needs melting, and sealing, the dimensional parameters of the required part of input Control System of Microcomputer;
(2) baffle plate is moved to vertical lift platform top, and the sealed vacuum chamber, with part parameter (cylindricality) input Control System of Microcomputer;
(3) crucible and vacuum chamber are vacuumized, and charge into inert protective gas;
(4) heating crucible, the metal material in the melting cup, temperature is incubated a period of time after arriving 700 ℃;
(5) open piezoelectric oscillator, open and add the battery lead plate power supply, voltage is transferred to 200V, in crucible, import nitrogen, utilize control pressurer system to make and reach between crucible and the vacuum chamber and stablize pressure reduction 1.3P
0Thereby motlten metal is penetrated from the micro nozzle of the crucible bottom form with laminar jet, under the effect of piezoelectric oscillator vibration head, the metal jet of outflow is fractured into uniform drop, all is with the equivalent electric charge at each drop when adding the battery lead plate middle opening; Micro nozzle diameter 100 μ m.
(6) utilize the captured drop image of camera head to calculate the diameter of drop accurately in conjunction with computer image analysis software, FEEDBACK CONTROL is adjusted the frequency that oscillator produces, thereby produces the symmetrical liquid drop of setting size, and error is in 1%.
(7) remove baffle plate, Control System of Microcomputer is according to the drop size, and deflection pole plate electric field level is controlled in the control of parameters such as charge number and distance of fall, thus the flight path of control molten drop.Control System of Microcomputer is controlled x-y translation platform and the co-ordination of vertical lift platform simultaneously, and the alloy that will be in the appropriate thermal mechanical state is deposited on the relevant position accurately.
(8) treat part cooling back taking-up after deposition process finishes.
Claims (8)
1. symmetrical liquid drop injecting three-dimensional fast shaping device, comprise vacuum chamber, be fixed on the crucible of vacuum chamber top, gas pressure regulator, piezoelectric oscillator, signal generator, add battery lead plate, the deflection pole plate, three-dimensional platform and the Control System of Microcomputer adjusted, wherein, crucible side wall and vacuum chamber the sidewall appendix by separately respectively link to each other with gas pressure regulator with valve, in crucible and vacuum chamber, be respectively arranged with pressure sensor, gas pressure regulator is according to the input adjusting crucible of pressure sensor and the gas pressure in the vacuum chamber, and crucible links to each other with the inert gas storage facilities respectively with vacuum chamber; The bottom of crucible is provided with the micro nozzle that is connected with vacuum chamber, the vibration head of piezoelectric oscillator is positioned at the top of micro nozzle, signal generator generates oscillator signal under the control of Control System of Microcomputer, the oscillator signal of signal generator output is carried on the piezoelectric oscillator; Add battery lead plate, deflection pole plate, the three-dimensional platform of adjusting is positioned at vacuum chamber, add the below that battery lead plate is arranged on micro nozzle, position with respect to micro nozzle on it is provided with opening, the both sides, below that add battery lead plate are provided with the deflection pole plate, the power supply of deflection pole plate links to each other with Control System of Microcomputer, three-dimensional adjustment platform is positioned at the bottom of vacuum chamber, is subjected to the control of Control System of Microcomputer; The sidewall of vacuum chamber is provided with and dodges device and camera head frequently, and camera head links to each other with Control System of Microcomputer, and the flicker frequency of dodging the frequency device is subjected to the control of the frequency divider that links to each other with the output of signal generator; Control System of Microcomputer stores the sized data of the part that requires processing, can be according to the image of being gathered, calculate the diameter of drop, the frequency of oscillation of FEEDBACK CONTROL piezoelectric oscillator, and according to drop size, charge number, distance of fall parameter and accessory size, control deflection pole plate supply voltage and the three-dimensional displacement of adjusting platform.
2. symmetrical liquid drop injecting three-dimensional fast shaping device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described micro nozzle is the sapphire aperture, and its diameter range is between 0.050～5.000mm.
3. symmetrical liquid drop injecting three-dimensional fast shaping device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the vibration frequency range of piezoelectric oscillator is between 1～20kHz.
4. symmetrical liquid drop injecting three-dimensional fast shaping device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described crucible is built-in with the temperature element that links to each other with temperature regulating device, and the heater of crucible links to each other with temperature regulating device.
5. symmetrical liquid drop injecting three-dimensional fast shaping device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with baffle plate at deflection pole plate and three-dimensional the adjustment between the platform.
6. quick molding method that the described symmetrical liquid drop injecting three-dimensional fast shaping device of claim 1 is adopted, it comprises the following steps:
(1) will require the dimensional parameters input Control System of Microcomputer of the part processed;
(2) open the crucible loam cake, in crucible, add metal material that needs melting and sealing;
(3) sealed vacuum chamber;
(4) vacuum chamber is vacuumized, crucible and vacuum chamber are charged into inert protective gas;
(5) heating crucible, the metal material in the melting cup;
(6) open piezoelectric oscillator, add voltage to adding battery lead plate, in crucible, import inert protective gas, utilize gas pressure regulator to make and reach stable pressure reduction between crucible and the vacuum chamber, thereby motlten metal is penetrated from the micro nozzle of the crucible bottom form with laminar jet, under the effect of piezoelectric oscillator vibration head, the metal jet of outflow is fractured into uniform drop, all is with the equivalent electric charge at each drop when adding the battery lead plate middle opening;
(7) Control System of Microcomputer is utilized computer image analysis software, calculates the diameter of drop according to the captured drop image of camera head, and FEEDBACK CONTROL is adjusted the frequency that piezoelectric oscillator produces, thereby obtains to set the symmetrical liquid drop of size;
(8) power up for the deflection pole plate, Control System of Microcomputer is according to the drop size, the size of charge number and distance of fall parameter control deflection pole plate electric field, the flight path of control molten drop, and the three-dimensional platform of adjusting is moved by the definite position of part parameter, thereby deposit metal parts under the control of Control System of Microcomputer.
7. quick molding method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, be provided with baffle plate at deflection pole plate and three-dimensional the adjustment between the platform, in execution in step (8) before, utilize baffle plate to stop that drop is dropped in three-dimensional the adjustment on the platform, after treating that the technological parameter adjustment finishes, remove baffle plate, again execution in step (8).
8. quick molding method according to claim 6 is characterized in that described crucible is built-in with the temperature element that links to each other with temperature regulating device, and the heater of crucible links to each other with temperature regulating device, utilizes temperature regulating device control crucible temperature.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2007100598941A CN100503091C (en) | 2007-10-16 | 2007-10-16 | Uniform liquid drop injecting three-dimensional fast shaping method and apparatus thereof |
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| CNB2007100598941A CN100503091C (en) | 2007-10-16 | 2007-10-16 | Uniform liquid drop injecting three-dimensional fast shaping method and apparatus thereof |
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| CN100503091C true CN100503091C (en) | 2009-06-24 |
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