CN1004167B - 管接头 - Google Patents

管接头 Download PDF

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CN1004167B
CN1004167B CN86103567.4A CN86103567A CN1004167B CN 1004167 B CN1004167 B CN 1004167B CN 86103567 A CN86103567 A CN 86103567A CN 1004167 B CN1004167 B CN 1004167B
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housing
teeth
retaining ring
pipe
pipe joint
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CN86103567A (zh
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伊曼·纽伊·斯特劳布
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L39/00Joints or fittings for double-walled or multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L21/00Joints with sleeve or socket
    • F16L21/08Joints with sleeve or socket with additional locking means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L17/00Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure
    • F16L17/02Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure with sealing rings arranged between outer surface of pipe and inner surface of sleeve or socket
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L17/00Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure
    • F16L17/02Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure with sealing rings arranged between outer surface of pipe and inner surface of sleeve or socket
    • F16L17/04Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure with sealing rings arranged between outer surface of pipe and inner surface of sleeve or socket with longitudinally split or divided sleeve
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L21/00Joints with sleeve or socket
    • F16L21/002Sleeves or nipples for pipes of the same diameter; Reduction pieces
    • F16L21/005Sleeves or nipples for pipes of the same diameter; Reduction pieces made of elastic material, e.g. partly or completely surrounded by clamping devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L21/00Joints with sleeve or socket
    • F16L21/06Joints with sleeve or socket with a divided sleeve or ring clamping around the pipe-ends
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/06Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics with sleeve or socket formed by or in the pipe end
    • F16L47/12Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics with sleeve or socket formed by or in the pipe end with additional locking means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Joints With Sleeves (AREA)
  • Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Flanged Joints, Insulating Joints, And Other Joints (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

一种管接头,具有一个设置夹紧装置(19、21、22)的开有纵槽的管状壳体(11),该壳体通过拧紧夹紧装置可绕这些要连接的管子(41、42)缩小其直径来夹紧。该壳体在其端面具有环状朝内的管头法兰盘(13、14),还围住一个沿轴向横截面为C形和向内开口的弹性体密封环(23)。连接密封环的端面各装有一个开口的与其能收缩直径有关并在轴向支承在壳体上的固定环(30、31),该固定环在其内缘则设有夹紧件。

Description

管接头
本发明涉及一种管接头,该管接头具有一个设置夹紧装置的,且纵向开槽的管状壳体,该壳体通过拧紧夹紧装置可绕这些要连接的管端缩小其直径来夹紧,该壳体还在其端面设有环状朝向内侧的管头法兰盘,管接头还具有一个由壳体所围住、沿轴向横截面为C形和向内开口的弹性体密封环,紧靠其两个端面各配置有一个开口的、能弹性地收缩其相关直径和沿轴向支承在壳体上的固定环,固定环内缘设有沿周向分布配置的夹紧件,在夹紧壳体时就将这些夹紧件嵌入到要连接管端的表面上。
这样一种管接头例如从瑞士专利说明书CH-PS620509是已知的,其内容和西德公开说明书DE-OS2731465和美国专利说明书US-PS4119333几乎是相同的。
已知接头的固定环具有某种空心截角锥的形状,固定环以其外径沿轴向支承在壳体的管头法兰盘与内壁之间的槽内。已知接头的固定环在其内缘是以径向刻槽作片状分布的,此时薄片呈百叶窗式重叠。因此使薄片的自由端在固定环内径上形成夹紧件,这些夹紧件在夹紧壳体时嵌入到要连接管端的外表面内,更确切的说就是就在该处夹紧。
已知接头薄片的自由端其嵌入深度一方面取决于夹紧壳体所围绕的外形尺寸,但另一方面则主要取决于管子的材料。
事实表明,当管子是用较软较轻可作塑性变形的材料制成时,已知接头的固定环在管子外表面上留下的痕迹过深,并随时间增加该痕迹还会逐渐加深。这种痕迹在很大程度上削弱了管子的抗拉强度。这种情况特别符合于纯塑料管和配筋塑料管,但也适用于由某种轻合金制的管子。
事实还表明,正是由于用这类材料来制成管子,使得一种用已知管接头构成的管子连接对拉力的负荷能力是极为有限的。要是管子是用较软材料制成,使这样一种管子之间的连接承受一个较大的拉应力,例如由于管子因冷却在其长度上缩短或因内部有压力,则这种软性材料就不能经受住固定环薄片端的嵌入。这些固定环薄片就不再起固定件作用,而更确切地说则是起刨刀作用,这些刨刀由于管子连接的内应力而切削了该连接中的管接头表面,因此要是管子长度恢复到本来的尺寸,其固定作用也就丧失。
此外适用于塑料管的规则是,固定件嵌入到外表面内的深度最多约为管壁的10%,以使管子的抗拉强度不致有很大的削弱。但是已知管接头-正如已经提到过那样-其薄片自由端的嵌入深度是没有限制的,因此嵌入深度是不定的。
因此发明的一个目的是制造一种开始所述型式的管接头,这种管接头几乎排除了上述缺点,因此这种管接头不仅适合于作完善的密封,而且还适用于甚至由软性材料制成管子作轴向可承载的连接。
为此目的而提出的管接头具有如下特征:每个固定环基本上是园柱形的,此时其外表面一方面支承在管头法兰盘的内侧,而另一方面则通过一个在其上形成的止档和一个截角锥状的弹簧环支承在壳体的管头法兰盘与内壁之间的槽内,此时这些夹紧件就是由固定环内表面向内凸起的齿牙,齿牙具有一个接头中心刻槽的,凸拱形的背脊,还有一个基本上平的前端面,齿牙伸展到前端面直接对面的凹陷部分内。
因为固定环是园柱形的,从其内表面向内翻起的齿牙仅能嵌入到管子外表面这样的深度,即直至固定环内表面到达管子外表面上的饱和支承面为止。由固定环齿牙排挤出的管料被堆积到各个齿牙前端面对面的凹陷部分内,因此在管子外表面上形成一个成型断面,该断面基本上等于固定环内表面上齿牙的成型断面。甚至所提出接头构成的管子连接承受一个很大的拉伸应力,齿牙也不会切削管子的表面,除非在某种情况下切削的管料可能因完全紧贴夹紧环的内表面根本排不出去。
为容易理解发明起见下面借助于附图来说明一个实施例。
图1一个在松开状况下的接头,其上部是一个轴向截面,下部则是一个侧视图,
图2按图1接头的一个正视图,
图3图1内用线D划圈的细部放大图示,由该详图可见固定环内表面上的齿牙轴向断面,即沿图4和5线Ⅲ-Ⅲ的一个截面,
图4和5两种不同结构型式沿图3线B-B的截面,
图6和7按图3箭头A方向对图4或5结构型式的视图,还有
图8在图1细部D范围内,绕一个塑料管夹紧接头的截面放大详图。
图1和2所示的管接头10具有一个其形状大致像开有纵槽管子的壳体11。壳体11具有一个套体12,该套体在其两个端面设有径向朝内的管头法兰盘13、14。紧靠壳体11纵槽的套体12端部范围向外弯曲成夹板15、16,并且上述端部范围的端部均焊接在套体12园柱形范围外侧17或18部位。在每个夹板内插有一个设置横孔的销19、20,此时销19的横孔制有一个内螺纹。拧入到该内螺纹内的各有一个螺栓21或22,有间隙的螺栓通过横孔在销20处锁住。要是拧紧螺栓21、22,则壳体11就如一个整体管箍那样收缩而缩小其直径。
壳体11围住一个弹性体密封环23,该密封环具有一个基本上呈C形和向内敞口的轴向横截面。密封环23具有一个腹部24,它的内表面沿轴向的截面为波浪状,而其外表面在***有钢带衬垫25垫片的情况下紧贴在套体12的内壁上。因此腹部有一个拱形断面,以防止腹部在密封环承受热交变应力向内***。在腹部24的两端各设有朝外的密封唇边26、27,唇边方面通过一个容易伸展的螺旋弹簧环28、29支承在腹部24上密封唇边根部与其实际密封边之间。
连接密封环23的端面的是在端部有一个能收缩其相关直径的即敞口的固定环30、31,该固定环以其外表面支承在法兰盘14或13的内边上。此外每个固定环30、31是通过一个截角锥状的弹簧环32、33来支承的。弹簧环以其内缘紧贴在一个在固定环30或31外表面上设有的凸肩34、35上,而其外缘则分别嵌入套体12与法兰盘14或13之间的槽内。在弹簧32、33与锥形向内弯折的钢带衬垫25轴向端部之间嵌有各一个具有某种三角形横截面的锁环32′、33′。
在固定环30、31的内表面上由朝内凸起的齿牙做成三道沿轴向相互间隔配置的环圈36、37、38。这些环圈36、37、38为简单起见在图1内仅用连线来表示。这些齿牙的形状和断面在下面借助于图3至7来描述。对于每道环圈36-38的两侧,固定环30、31的内表面是光滑的并且是园柱形的。如从图2可知,固定环30、31的每个端部截面均在39和40部位向外弯曲,以保证固定环相对壳体11的扭转位置。
如已经说明,图1和2所示的接头是在拧紧螺栓21、22之前,也就是说处在装配准备状态。在这种状态下密封唇边26、27的密封边以及固定环30、31包括向内翻起的齿牙在内有一个比要连接管子外径更大的内径。在图1和2内要连接管子的外形用虚线41、42来表示。夹紧螺栓21、22时的进行过程均在下面借助于图1和图8从另一方面再作描述。
图3内示有一经过充分放大和仔细绘制-通过固定环30的一部分断面(图1的细部D),以说明在固定环30、31内侧所设置的齿牙轴向断面。按某种粗齿式样从固定环30内表面(固定环31的齿牙做成间隙对称的)刻凿出的齿牙43具有一个接头中心刻槽的凸起的拱形背脊44,还有一个接头中心刻槽的基本上平的前端面45。该前端面45伸展到一个凹陷部分46内,或确切地说伸展到一个前端面45直接对面同时形成的一个壁上。连接背脊44和连接凹陷部分46的各有一个光滑的位于固定环内表面园柱形截面47、48。最好是刻凿到园柱形内表面凹陷部分46的容积大致相当于突出于园柱形截面47、48齿牙43截面的容积。
还要说明的是夹紧壳体11时齿牙43嵌入到要连接管子的外表面。此时因齿牙嵌入到管子外表面排挤出的管料就转移到凹陷部位46内,这样也就使一个基本上对等于图3所示的断面压入到管子的外侧上。
如图4和5所示可以选用较大的(图5)或较小的(图4)环圈36-38的“齿节”。选用齿节时可使齿牙在实际上是连续配置的(图4)。要是齿节选得较大,在相邻齿间就形成一个间隙49,该间隙在一定程度上形成截面47与48之间有某种连通。由固定环30、31园柱形内表面向内翻起的齿牙43的尺寸为十分之几毫米。图3-5内所示的齿牙是大大加高的。
要是已将接头推入到一个管接头内,就可拧紧螺栓21、22。因此壳体11的直径就缩小,使密封环23向内压缩,直至密封唇边26、27密封地压着管子41和42端部的外表面。因为密封唇边26、27通过弹簧环28、29支承在密封环的腹部24上,密封唇边-没有在周向形成延伸也就不致形成折叠-就被挤压到管子上。但同时缩小的还有固定环30、31和弹簧环32、33,最后使弹簧环的张角有点减小。由此而使固定环30、31附加缩小一个很小的量在轴向朝壳体11移动,促进了齿牙43嵌入到管料内。只要固定环30、31内表面的园柱形截面对要连接管子的外表面形成一个饱和的支承面,则这种管子连接就算构成。密封环的端面紧贴在凸肩34或35的背侧并且是在弹簧环32、33的内部范围内。这种状态示于图8上。
现在例如要用压力冲击这样连接的管子,则这种管子连接就受拉。但是因为固定环30、31牢固地固定在管子的外表面上,此外还在其外表面上设有另一个与管头法兰盘14或13内侧共同起作用的止档凸棱50或51(图1、8),所以拉应力无疑要由壳体11来承受。要是凹陷部分46还没有被管料完全填满,则能使管子有一个极小的轴向移动,从而还可能使固定环从接头中脱开。这样一种轴向移动还使弹簧环32、33的张角再次有点扩大(竖立),因此使固定环30、31特别是在环圈38范围内更紧地压在管子的外侧上。

Claims (7)

1、管接头具有一个设置了夹紧装置的、且纵向开槽的管状壳体,该壳体通过拧紧夹紧装置可绕这些要连接的管端缩小其直径来夹紧,该壳体还在其端面设有环状朝向内侧的管头法兰盘,管接头还具有一个由壳体所围住、沿轴向横截面为C形和向内开口的弹性体密封环,紧靠其两个端面各配置有一个开口的、能弹性地收缩其相关直径和沿轴向支承在壳体上的固定环,固定环内缘设有沿周向颁配置的夹紧件,在夹紧壳体时就将这些夹紧件嵌入到要连接管端的表面上,其特征在于,每个固定环基本上是园柱形的,此时其外表面一方面支承在管头法兰盘的内侧,而另一方面则通过一个在其上形成的止档和一个截角锥状的弹簧环支承在壳体的管头法兰盘与内壁之间的槽内,此时这些夹紧件就是由固定环内表面向内凸起的齿牙,齿牙具有一个接头中心刻槽的凸拱形的背脊,还有一个基本上平的前端面,齿牙伸展到前端面直接对面的凹陷部分内。
2、按权利要求1的管接头,其特征在于,齿牙是从固定环内表面翻起的。
3、按权利要求1的管接头,其特征在于,齿牙和所属的凹陷部分配置成若干道相互具有一个轴向间隔的环圈,此时对于每道环圈的两侧连接一个光滑的内表面部份。
4、按权利要求1的管接头,其特征在于,每个凹陷部分容积基本上相当于从固定环内表面向内突起的所属齿牙截面容积。
5、按权利要求1或3的管接头,其特征在于,相邻的齿牙沿周向是相互隔开的。
6、按权利要求1或3的管接头,其特征在于,相邻的齿牙沿周向是直接毗邻配置的。
7、按权利要求3的管接头,其特征在于,每个环圈内齿节是相同的。
CN86103567.4A 1985-06-17 1986-05-26 管接头 Expired CN1004167B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2556/85A CH667904A5 (de) 1985-06-17 1985-06-17 Rohrkupplung.
CH2556/85-9 1985-06-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN86103567A CN86103567A (zh) 1987-02-04
CN1004167B true CN1004167B (zh) 1989-05-10

Family

ID=4236454

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN86103567.4A Expired CN1004167B (zh) 1985-06-17 1986-05-26 管接头

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US4629217A (zh)
EP (1) EP0205896B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPS61290291A (zh)
KR (1) KR890002181B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1004167B (zh)
AT (1) ATE36053T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU572399B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR8602796A (zh)
CA (1) CA1275128A (zh)
CH (1) CH667904A5 (zh)
DE (1) DE3660436D1 (zh)
ES (1) ES296719Y (zh)
SU (1) SU1514248A3 (zh)
UA (1) UA6586A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA863891B (zh)

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CN102062271B (zh) * 2010-06-13 2012-03-14 龚岳强 大直径压缩空气输送管道的连接装置
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KR20200010495A (ko) 2017-06-02 2020-01-30 빅톨릭 컴패니 인입형 중앙 다리가 구비된 시일을 가지는 커플링
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0253669B2 (zh) 1990-11-19
DE3660436D1 (en) 1988-09-01
ES296719Y (es) 1988-05-16
KR890002181B1 (ko) 1989-06-22
ZA863891B (en) 1987-01-28
SU1514248A3 (ru) 1989-10-07
EP0205896A3 (en) 1987-04-29
KR870000540A (ko) 1987-02-19
CA1275128A (en) 1990-10-09
EP0205896A2 (de) 1986-12-30
UA6586A1 (uk) 1994-12-29
JPS61290291A (ja) 1986-12-20
US4629217A (en) 1986-12-16
BR8602796A (pt) 1987-02-10
CH667904A5 (de) 1988-11-15
EP0205896B1 (de) 1988-07-27
CN86103567A (zh) 1987-02-04
ATE36053T1 (de) 1988-08-15
AU5805386A (en) 1986-12-24
AU572399B2 (en) 1988-05-05
ES296719U (es) 1987-12-16

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