CN100393469C - 用于加工转向横拉杆外壳的方法 - Google Patents

用于加工转向横拉杆外壳的方法 Download PDF

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CN100393469C
CN100393469C CNB2003801003666A CN200380100366A CN100393469C CN 100393469 C CN100393469 C CN 100393469C CN B2003801003666 A CNB2003801003666 A CN B2003801003666A CN 200380100366 A CN200380100366 A CN 200380100366A CN 100393469 C CN100393469 C CN 100393469C
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track rod
rod head
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CN1691998A (zh
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H·拉克尔斯
A·莫尔
M·维勒尔丁
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ZF Lemfoerder GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
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    • F16C7/02—Constructions of connecting-rods with constant length
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    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
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    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/02—Pressure butt welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/06—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating using roller electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
    • B23K9/044—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/20—Links, e.g. track rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/0695—Mounting of ball-joints, e.g. fixing them to a connecting rod
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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    • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/0619—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part comprising a blind socket receiving the male part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C2220/00—Shaping
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    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C2226/00—Joining parts; Fastening; Assembling or mounting parts
    • F16C2226/30—Material joints
    • F16C2226/36—Material joints by welding
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Abstract

一种用于加工一个转向横拉杆外壳的方法，该转向横拉杆外壳由一个转向横拉杆头(1)和一个固定在其上的柄杆部件(2)所组成，其中所述转向横拉杆头(1)在制成由柄杆部件(2)和转向横拉杆头(1)组成的转向横拉杆外壳毛坯后通过一个机械切削过程得到其结构形状，在此建议，所述柄杆部件(2)与转向横拉杆头(1)通过一个电阻压焊焊接过程连接并接着在转向横拉杆头(1)和柄杆部件(2)的外圆周面之间实现至少两个将两个结构部件相互连接的通过焊接过程产生的材料堆积(8，9)。

Description

用于加工转向横拉杆外壳的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于加工一个转向横拉杆外壳的方法，该转向横拉杆外壳由一个转向横拉杆头和一个固定在其上的柄杆部件所组成，其中所述转向横拉杆头在制成由柄杆部件和转向横拉杆头组成的转向横拉杆外壳毛坯后通过一个机械切削过程得到其最终形状。
背景技术
上述形式的转向横拉杆外壳用来作为汽车转向的结构部件并由于其特殊的使用目的承受极高的安全框架条件。这些框架条件由汽车生产者确定并在现有技术中例如分成安全等级A，B，C和D，其中上述转向横拉杆外壳属于最高安全级D。
为了对在框架中规定的负荷保证安全级D所需的工艺安全性，必需给定静止的和动态的作用力以及冲击负荷的传递方案。
为了满足上述临界条件，转向横拉杆外壳毛坯由转向横拉杆头和柄杆部件在锻造工艺中预成形并通过后接的机械切削加工得到其最终有效的由汽车生产者给定的形状，使得附加的结构部件如密封和轴承部件能够装配在转向横拉杆头上。由锻造工艺和后接的切削加工组成的整个加工过程是特别不经济的，其中最近已经在试验，通过冷锻过程减少后续切削过程的加工时间。而冷锻作为加工工艺仍然是相对费事和不经济的，因此所选择的加工方式在总体上要达到的加工经济性的优势没有充分显示出来。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是，提供一种加工转向横拉杆外壳的方法，它与现有技术的已知方法相比在加工成本上可以明显有利地实现。
这个目的按照本发明由此得以实现，在按照本发明方法的框架内使柄杆部件与转向横拉杆头通过电阻压焊焊接过程连接并且接着在转向横拉杆头和柄杆部件的外圆周面之间实现至少两个使两个结构部件连接的通过焊接过程产生的材料堆积。
上述焊接工艺的专门组合导致在柄杆部件与转向横拉杆头之间的整体焊接连接，它以类似于目前常见的锻造连接满足在静止和动态作用力的传递性方面或在相对于冲击力的阻力方面所需的临界条件。在此有关的结构部件，柄杆部件和转向横拉杆头在前置的切削工艺范围中由适合的、经济的横拉杆材料制成。此外通过新的加工工艺能够实现转向横拉杆外壳的标准部件样本，其中例如确定的外壳头可以与不同长度的柄杆部件组合。
已经证实，所述材料堆积本身设置在转向横拉杆头或柄杆部件的径向上对置的侧面上是特别有利的。所述材料堆积的对面布置在此有利地影响转向横拉杆外壳的结构尺寸，因为一般在汽车转向部位可供使用的空间是非常小的，因此这一点尤其具有重要意义。
为了产生材料堆积已经证实MAG焊接工艺是特别适用的，由其它使用领域已知这种方法并可以经济地实现。
此外实验证明，所需作用力在转向横拉杆头与柄杆部件之间的传递通过由三角形外形的材料堆积横截面结构得到支持，其中突出于面对要被连接结构部件的三角形底面的边界面相对于底面倾斜约45°角。
为了能够将受到结构尺寸限制的结构部件如密封部件装配在转向横拉杆头上，已经证实，通过电阻压焊焊接过程制成的环绕的焊缝在相对于材料堆积以约90°错置地设置在柄杆部件圆周上的局部部位通过切削加工去除是有利的。
此外上述的按照本发明的在转向横拉杆头与柄杆部件之间的连接的特征适宜地允许使所述柄杆部件可以在转向横拉杆外壳加工完成后通过一个弯曲过程成形。
附图说明
下面借助于附图详细描述用于加工转向横拉杆外壳的方法过程。在此图1至6以立体图示出各方法步骤，从在图1中使用的转向横拉杆头和柄杆部件的毛坯直到在图6中的成品转向横拉杆外壳。
具体实施方式
能够通过按照本发明的方法加工的转向横拉杆外壳作为毛坯原则上由一个转向横拉杆头1和一个柄杆部件2组成，它们在图1中立体地示出。在此对于柄杆部件2是一个杆状圆柱形实心材料而对于转向横拉杆外壳是一个圆柱管部件。
如同由图2视图明确示出的那样，所述转向横拉杆头1以及柄杆部件2在第一生产步骤中配有倒角3，4和5，其专门的结构适配于转向横拉杆外壳的安置和安装情况。所述柄杆部件2在其不配有倒角5的第二自由端上作为最终给出的措施具有一个锥台端部6。通过在横截面上变细的锥台端部6的外端使柄杆部件2相对于转向横拉杆头1的圆柱形外表面顶压并借助于电阻压焊工艺在结构部件1和2在施加相应张力的条件下以及在施加相应顶压力的条件下与转向横拉杆头1连接。通过电阻压焊过程产生一个环绕的焊缝7。
在下面的加工转向横拉杆外壳的工艺步骤中在柄杆部件2的锥台端部6处并在转向横拉杆头1的相邻圆柱形外表面处在直径上对置的侧面上分别安置材料堆积8和9。这些材料堆积8和9分别构成一个加固段并且焊接在上述位置上，其中已经相应地证实MAG焊接工艺是有利的方式。所述材料堆积8和9在横截面上看去具有基本上三角形的形状，其中相互倾斜延伸的、向外突出的边界面10和11相对于材料堆积的底面相互倾斜45°角。
在完成用于加固的材料堆积8和9之后在另一工作过程中最好通过一个拉刀在倒角3和4处去除在电阻压焊工艺中产生的环缝7。
最后图6示出如何在另一接着的加工步骤中在完成转向横拉杆头1与柄杆部件2之间的连接过程后使这个柄杆部件弯曲，以在装配时适配于特殊的安装条件。
附图标记清单
1转向横拉杆头
2柄杆部件
3倒角
4倒角
5倒角
6锥台端部
7焊缝
8材料堆积
9材料堆积
10边界面
11边界面

Claims (7)

1.一种用于加工一个转向横拉杆外壳的方法，该转向横拉杆外壳由一个转向横拉杆头(1)和一个固定在其上的柄杆部件(2)所组成，其中所述转向横拉杆头(1)在制成由柄杆部件(2)和转向横拉杆头(1)组成的转向横拉杆外壳毛坯后通过一个机械切削过程得到其结构形状，其特征在于，所述柄杆部件(2)与转向横拉杆头(1)通过一个电阻压焊焊接过程连接并接着在转向横拉杆头(1)和柄杆部件(2)的外圆周面之间实现至少两个使两个结构部件连接的通过焊接过程产生的材料堆积(8，9)，所述材料堆积作为加固段。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述材料堆积(8，9)本身设置在转向横拉杆头(1)或柄杆部件(2)的径向上对置的侧面上。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述材料堆积(8，9)通过MAG焊接工艺镀覆。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述材料堆积(8，9)具有一个基本上三角形截面，其中突出于面对要被连接结构部件的三角形底面的边界面(10，11)相对于底面倾斜约45°角。
5.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过电阻压焊焊接过程制成的环绕的焊缝(7)在相对于材料堆积(8，9)以约90°错置地设置在柄杆部件(2)圆周上的局部部位通过切削加工去除。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述切削加工是一个拉削过程。
7.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述转向横拉杆外壳(1)的柄杆部件(2)在其制造好后通过一个弯曲过程成形。
CNB2003801003666A 2002-10-24 2003-10-23 用于加工转向横拉杆外壳的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN100393469C (zh)

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CN103240568B (zh) * 2012-11-13 2017-03-29 何强 一种空心管的电阻焊焊接方法
CN103322020A (zh) * 2013-06-18 2013-09-25 苏州市吴中区欣鑫开关配件厂 一种应用在连杆上的衬套
EP2979773B1 (de) * 2014-07-30 2020-09-02 Presswerk Krefeld GmbH & Co. KG Gelenkgehäuse für eine Spurstange und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
FR3035605B1 (fr) * 2015-04-28 2021-08-27 Alain Toufine Procede d'obtention de poutre tubulaire creuse raidie en flexion, torsion et compression / flambement et ame de poutre et extremites de poutre obtenues par fusion de poudres et gradients metallurgiques
ITUA20164077A1 (it) * 2016-06-03 2017-12-03 Ognibene Power Spa Metodo di assemblaggio di un gruppo cilindro-pistone e gruppo cilindro-pistone cosi’ ottenuto
JP2019043321A (ja) * 2017-08-31 2019-03-22 トヨタ自動車株式会社 タイロッドエンドおよびそれの製造方法
US11254357B2 (en) * 2018-07-03 2022-02-22 Robby Gordon Offset tie rod joint
CN111730232A (zh) * 2020-07-11 2020-10-02 彭敬 一种汽车转向拉杆总成自动焊接设备

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CN1691998A (zh) 2005-11-02
DE10249768B3 (de) 2004-07-29
EP1556185A1 (de) 2005-07-27
US7148445B2 (en) 2006-12-12
KR20050055624A (ko) 2005-06-13
JP4317135B2 (ja) 2009-08-19
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EP1556185B1 (de) 2006-11-29
US20050035091A1 (en) 2005-02-17

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