CN100387392C - 机床 - Google Patents

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CN100387392C
CN100387392C CNB2003101246477A CN200310124647A CN100387392C CN 100387392 C CN100387392 C CN 100387392C CN B2003101246477 A CNB2003101246477 A CN B2003101246477A CN 200310124647 A CN200310124647 A CN 200310124647A CN 100387392 C CN100387392 C CN 100387392C
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workpiece
lathe
station
machining
movable stand
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CN1511674A (zh
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H·格伦巴赫
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Deckel Maho Pfronten GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/54—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only
    • B23Q1/545—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only comprising spherical surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/54—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only
    • B23Q1/545—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only comprising spherical surfaces
    • B23Q1/5462—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only comprising spherical surfaces with one supplementary sliding pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/58—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single sliding pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/64—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by the purpose of the movement
    • B23Q1/66—Worktables interchangeably movable into operating positions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/08—Protective coverings for parts of machine tools; Splash guards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J17/00—Joints
    • B25J17/02—Wrist joints
    • B25J17/0258—Two-dimensional joints
    • B25J17/0266—Two-dimensional joints comprising more than two actuating or connecting rods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/003—Programme-controlled manipulators having parallel kinematics
    • B25J9/0063—Programme-controlled manipulators having parallel kinematics with kinematics chains having an universal joint at the base
    • B25J9/0069—Programme-controlled manipulators having parallel kinematics with kinematics chains having an universal joint at the base with kinematics chains of the type universal-prismatic-universal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/91—Machine frame
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/30392—Milling with means to protect operative or machine [e.g., guard, safety device, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/304088—Milling with means to remove chip
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
    • Y10T409/305264—Multiple work stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
    • Y10T409/305544—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder
    • Y10T409/3056—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder and means to selectively position work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
    • Y10T409/305544—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder
    • Y10T409/305656—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation
    • Y10T409/305824—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation with angular movement of work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/306664—Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
    • Y10T409/307672—Angularly adjustable cutter head
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/309576—Machine frame
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20207—Multiple controlling elements for single controlled element
    • Y10T74/20341—Power elements as controlling elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于切削加工大平面且高边缘竖置工件的机床，其具有一个可沿坐标轴在纵床(1)上移动的移动架(4)、一个在移动架(4)上至少可沿两个坐标轴移动并带有可转动的工作芯轴(13)的工作单元、以及至少一个大致平板状的工件支架(30、31)，其可从一个水平的装工件工委旋转到一个竖直的加工工位，所述工作单元为一个三角支承单元，其具有一个中心支撑管(10)和三个呈120度角分布设置的伸缩管(14、15、16)，移动架(4)上的一个中间的凹入部分(8)中装有一个万向轴承(9)，用于支撑所述可沿纵向移动的支撑管(10)，在移动架上的两个下部和一个上部凹入部分中各装有一个万向轴承(21、22、23)，用于支撑伸缩管(14、15、16)，在支撑管(10)的头部设置一个可绕旋转轴旋转的卡具(12)，用于接收可旋转的工作芯轴(13)。

Description

机床
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于切削加工大平面的且高边缘竖立工件的机床，该机床具有一个可沿X坐标轴在一个纵床上移动的移动架、一个在该移动架上至少在Y和Z两个坐标轴上可移动的加工单元，该加工单元带有可摆动的工作芯轴和至少一个大致板状的工件支架，该工件支架可从一个水平的装工件工位转动到一个竖直的加工工位。
背景技术
这种机床或者加工中心最近用于对汽车工业以及飞机制造业等中的大的，特别是大平面的工件进行铣或钻孔加工。通常，在每个机床上带有两个工件站，二者相邻地设置在所述纵床的背侧，其大平面的工件支架交替地从水平的装工件工位转到竖直的工作工位。这样就能够连续地加工，因为在加工处于竖直工位的工件的同时，可以将已经加工好的工件从其处于水平工位的工件支架上卸下，或将新的工件装在该工件支架上。为了旋转该基本上呈平板状的工件支架，优选采用足够长度的后侧接合式的压力介质缸。床的长度及装在其上的引导件的长度这样来选择，使得移动支架可以交替地移动到一站前或另一站前。在加工大平面工件时，切屑下落通常很多，因为所采用的加工单元的金属切除量是很大的。为了防止机器的周边受到切屑和液体的污染，两站前的加工区域由一个连续的防护舱包围起来。附加一个门，将加工区域与旋转到水平的装工件工位的工件支架分开，以防止装工件站被切屑和液体弄脏。迄今，这种类型的机器采用通常的移动架，其中构成加工单元的铣头设置在一个可在一个坐标轴上移动的滑板上，工作芯轴可以沿其纵轴在加工单元内移动。这种在实践中长久以来证明有效的机器在充分利用其工作空间这方面是有局限性的。此外，也有人建议用六角原理设计所述类型的机床，然而，由于加工时存在着不能精确并稳定地定位刀具，所以这种机床尚未进入实用。
发明内容
本发明的任务是提供这样一种用于切削加工大平面的且具有高边缘的竖放工件的机床，其结构较简单，而且能够在一个加大了的空间上精确地并在满足驱动要求的条件下牢靠地定位各刀具。
按照本发明，这一任务通过一种用于切削加工大平面且高边缘地竖置的工件的机床来完成。该机床具有：一个能够沿坐标轴在纵床上移动的移动架；一个装在移动架上能够沿至少两个另外的坐标轴移动的加工单元，所述加工单元带有能够旋转的工作芯轴；至少一个呈板状的工件支架，所述工件支架能够从一个水平的装工件工位转动到一个竖直的加工工位。其特征在于：所述加工单元为一个三角支承单元，其带有一个中心的支撑管和三个呈120度角分布的伸缩管；移动架具有一个设置在一个中间掏空部分中的用于支撑能够沿纵向移动的支撑管的万向轴承，并且在该移动架的两个下凹入部分中和一个上凹入部分中分别设置一个万向轴承，用于接收伸缩管；在支撑管的头部上设置一个能够围绕支撑管轴线旋转的用于支撑所述能够旋转的工作芯轴的摆头。
高刚性的支撑管可沿纵向移动地支撑在大致设置在移动架中间的万向轴承中，并结合三个套管的作用，这样就使得加工头及***工作芯轴中的刀具高度精确地并稳定地定位在预先规定的工作工位。此外，三角支承的构思还可以充分利用可用的工作空间，因为通过伸缩管和支撑管在加大了的工作区域内的简单的移动，各刀具可以得到精确的定位，即使在极端的情况下。此外，与通常的机床相比，在功率可比较的情况下，空间需求减小了。
按照本发明的适宜的进一步的实施形式，所述机床可以包括两个交替的用来装工件和加工的站，二者在X坐标轴上一个接一个地设置，各站带有一个可旋转的工件支架，各装工件空间通过一个可移动门与工作区域隔开。该门为一个单体的移动门，其交替地移动到各转到下面的工件支架前，这样就可使工作区域的一半由处于其纵边位置上的工件支架与周围隔开，另一半由移动门与周围隔开。
为了保证在现代的加工中心中不同的加工过程能够自动地运行，适宜借助于一个程控的直线驱动装置，例如一个压力介质缸、一台直线电机、一个芯轴驱动装置、一个皮带传动装置等等来使移动门移动。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的一个优选的实施例进行详细的描述：
图1为按照本发明的机床的一幅透视图。
具体实施方式
图示的机床包括一个较平的纵床1，其上侧安装着两个导轨2、3。一个移动架4可借助于一个图中未示出的直线驱动装置，例如一台直线电机蜗杆传动装置或类似物，沿着由导轨2、3的延伸而构成的坐标轴X的方向，在导轨2、3上移动。从前面看去，移动架4大致为一个房子的形状，其具有一个较宽的下部结构6和一个呈房顶状向上减缩的上部7，所述下部结构带有引导靴5。在由外壁包围着的移动架的内部区域内有间隔壁和加强筋，这样就得到一种整体上的高强度的结构。大致在移动架4的中间部分的一个掏空部分8中设置一个万向轴承9，一个刚性的支撑管10可沿纵向移动地承接在该轴承内。支撑管10从图中看去的上端为一个呈锥形加宽的钟状物11，在该钟状物上安装一个可绕支撑管10的纵轴旋转的摆头12。该摆头12构成一个可绕附加轴旋转的工作芯轴13的支撑。由三个伸缩管14、15、16构成的可伸出部分可绕多个旋转轴运动地固定在钟状物11的侧面，各套筒配置例如一个液压直线驱动装置17、18、20。这三个套管相对于支撑管10的纵轴线呈120°角设置，并分别支撑在移动架4上的各自的一个万向轴承21、22、23中。图示的一个上伸缩管14、两个下伸缩管15、16的分布对于加工单元的整体稳定性有利。
图示的机床包括两个用来加工或装工件的站I和II，各站分别带有一个板状的工件支架30、31，二者相邻地设置在纵床1的背侧。两个工件支架可以单独地在一个水平和一个竖直工位之间转动。在图示的状态下，站I的工件支架30处于置放在底部结构32上的水平工位。在该底部结构32上，为各工件支架配置一个(图中未示出)的压力缸，其活塞作用在各工件支架的背侧，使其从水平工位转到竖直工位，或者相反，从竖直工位转向水平工位。在加工单元的几乎在纵床1的整个长度上延伸的工作空间与交替的用来加工或装工件的站I和II(在该站内，相应的工作支架位于其水平的工位)之间设置一个可移动门35，其借助于一个未示出的直线驱动装置可在上和(同样未示出的)下纵向导轨36上滑动。在可移动门35上设有视窗37。
为了加工一个在处于竖直的加工工位的工件支架31上卡紧的工件，移动架4在导轨2、3上向右移动，使得包含工作芯轴13的加工单元位于卡紧在工件支架31上的工件的前面。根据与摆头12的可旋转的保持结构及可摆动的工作芯轴轴承铣刀头13的支承相关的三角支承原理使得各工件能够定位在工件支架31的最外的角部区域，因此，在工作芯轴13中卡紧的工具可以占据该空间中的任何角度位置。支撑管11的固有的高刚性以及通过三个伸缩管14、15、16对其支撑，还保证了芯轴头13的精确稳定的定位，因此，在保持小公差的前提下也可以得到很高的切削效率。
在加工在工件支架31上卡紧的工件之后，工件支架借助于其后侧的调节驱动装置转回到水平工位。通过向右移动门35将这样得到的自由空间封闭。然后可以将装上新工件的工件支架30从其图示的水平工位转到竖直的加工工位，在移动架4移动到图示的位置之后就可以对新工件进行加工了。在这种情况下，前加工空间与后装工件空间之间也是一方面由移动了的可移动门35，另一面由竖立起来的工件支架30隔开。
图示机床的一个特别的优点在于处理或排除在运行时有时出现的相当大量的附带的切屑，这些切屑与引入的液体一起落到一个设置在工作空间之下的纵向延伸的槽24内，该槽的形状为一个尖槽，其底部截面上带有一个通常的切屑传送带。
本发明不限于图示的实施例。取代两个在水平平面上设置的导轨2、3，也可以这样来设计纵床，使得移动架支撑在一个倾斜的平面上，前导轨2所在的水平面高于后导轨3。还可以在支撑管的加宽的端部上安装另一个成型铣头，其可以在不同的空间角度位置上校正工具芯轴13。如果要加工一个极度线膨胀的工件，可以放弃两站的概念，可以用一个单独的连贯的工件支架来代替两个单独的工件支架30、31，在这种情况下，可以不设可移动门35。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于切削加工大平面且高边缘地竖置的工件的机床，其具有
-一个能够沿坐标轴在纵床(1)上移动的移动架(4)，
-一个装在移动架(4)上能够沿至少两个另外的坐标轴移动的加工单元，所述加工单元带有能够旋转的工作芯轴(13)，
-至少一个呈板状的工件支架(30，31)，所述工件支架能够从一个水平的装工件工位转动到一个竖直的加工工位，
其特征在于：
-所述加工单元为一个三角支承单元，其带有一个中心支撑管(10)和三个呈120度角分布的伸缩管(14，15，16)，
-移动架(4)具有一个设置在一个中间掏空部分(8)中的用于支撑能够沿纵向移动的支撑管(10)的万向轴承(9)，并且在该移动架的两个位于下方的凹入部分中和一个位于上方的凹入部分中分别设置一个万向轴承(21，22，23)，用于接收伸缩管(14，15，16)，
-在支撑管(10)的头部(11)上设置一个能够围绕支撑管轴线旋转的用于支撑所述能够旋转的工作芯轴(13)的摆头(12)。
2.如权利要求1所述的机床，其特征在于：
所述机床带有两个交替地用来装工件和加工的站(I，II)，所述两个站(I，II)相邻地设置在所述纵床(1)的后面，并且各具有一个所述工件支架(30，31)，其中装工件空间由一个可移动门(35)与加工区域隔开，并且，
所述可移动门(35)为一个单体的可移动门，其能够交替地移动到向下旋转到水平的装工件工位的工件支架(30，31)之前。
3.如权利要求2所述的机床，其特征在于：
所述可移动门(35)借助程序控制的直线驱动装置而移动。
4.如权利要求1到3中任一项的机床，其特征在于：
设置了一个切屑收集器，该切屑收集器为贯通的尖槽(24)。
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