CA2386593A1 - Method and apparatus for structuring a surface to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for structuring a surface to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions Download PDFInfo
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- CA2386593A1 CA2386593A1 CA002386593A CA2386593A CA2386593A1 CA 2386593 A1 CA2386593 A1 CA 2386593A1 CA 002386593 A CA002386593 A CA 002386593A CA 2386593 A CA2386593 A CA 2386593A CA 2386593 A1 CA2386593 A1 CA 2386593A1
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- structuring
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- modification device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
- B41C1/00—Forme preparation
- B41C1/10—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme
- B41C1/1008—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme by removal or destruction of lithographic material on the lithographic support, e.g. by laser or spark ablation; by the use of materials rendered soluble or insoluble by heat exposure, e.g. by heat produced from a light to heat transforming system; by on-the-press exposure or on-the-press development, e.g. by the fountain of photolithographic materials
- B41C1/1016—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme by removal or destruction of lithographic material on the lithographic support, e.g. by laser or spark ablation; by the use of materials rendered soluble or insoluble by heat exposure, e.g. by heat produced from a light to heat transforming system; by on-the-press exposure or on-the-press development, e.g. by the fountain of photolithographic materials characterised by structural details, e.g. protective layers, backcoat layers or several imaging layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
- B41C1/00—Forme preparation
- B41C1/10—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme
- B41C1/1008—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme by removal or destruction of lithographic material on the lithographic support, e.g. by laser or spark ablation; by the use of materials rendered soluble or insoluble by heat exposure, e.g. by heat produced from a light to heat transforming system; by on-the-press exposure or on-the-press development, e.g. by the fountain of photolithographic materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
- B41C1/00—Forme preparation
- B41C1/10—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme
- B41C1/1075—Mechanical aspects of on-press plate preparation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
- B41C1/00—Forme preparation
- B41C1/10—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme
- B41C1/1083—Mechanical aspects of off-press plate preparation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
- B41C2210/00—Preparation or type or constituents of the imaging layers, in relation to lithographic printing forme preparation
- B41C2210/04—Negative working, i.e. the non-exposed (non-imaged) areas are removed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
- B41C2210/00—Preparation or type or constituents of the imaging layers, in relation to lithographic printing forme preparation
- B41C2210/24—Preparation or type or constituents of the imaging layers, in relation to lithographic printing forme preparation characterised by a macromolecular compound or binder obtained by reactions involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. acrylics, vinyl polymers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Materials For Photolithography (AREA)
- Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
- Printing Methods (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Abstract
A method and an apparatus for structuring a surface (10) which comprises at least a first layer (12) which has a polymer, preferably polystyrene, to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions by creating a latent structure of the first layer (12) by means of an assigned modification device (16) for producing a printing form (10) for offset printing are disclosed. The method according to the invention and the associated apparatus according to the invention are distinguished by the fact that a gaseous, readily volatile solvent (18), for example an alcohol, an aldehyde, an ester or the like, is selectively applied as a modifying agent to at least one locally limited region of the surface (10) over at least one exposure time interval. The apparatus according to the invention may be used with particular advantage in particular in a printing form exposer or in a printing unit of a printing machine.
Description
Method and apparatus for structuring a surface to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions Description The invention relates to a method for structuring a surface which comprises at least a first layer which has a polymer to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions by creating a latent structure of the first layer by means of an assigned modification device for producing a printing form for offset printing.
Furthermore, the invention relates to an apparatus for structuring a surface which comprises at least a first layer which has a polymer to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions by creating a latent structure of the first layer for producing a printing form for offset printing.
Printing forms on which the surface has an outer layer of polymer material, in particular polystyrene, styrene copolymers and the like, and an inner layer of metallic material, such as aluminum for example, have already been in use for some time in the polygraphic industry. Printing forms of this type are typically structured from an unstructured or undifferentiated state for use in offset printing to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions or subareas according to the subject to be printed. A common structuring method comprises the locally selective modification of the outer layer of the surface by temporally and spatially selective exposure to the action of electromagnetic energy, in particular laser radiation, and subsequent development of the latent structure to form hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions by removal, for example using chemicals, such as for example printing form cleaning agents, of the non-modified regions of the outer layer in such a way that hydrophilic regions of the structure are formed essentially by the exposed inner layer of the surface, while the modified regions of the outer layer are the hydrophobic regions of the structure.
A printing form on which the surface can be structured by means of exposure to the action of thermal laser energy and subsequent chemical treatment to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions is disclosed for example in EP 0 931 647 A1. In addition to a polymer containing carboxyl groups, the surface in this case also has styrene. Furthermore, to support the absorption of laser energy, an anionic dye is provided in the surface or adjacent to it. In the document EP 0 931 657 A1, a method for producing an offset printing form is disclosed. Following the image-related exposure of the printing form with infrared light, the image-related regions are developed by applying an aqueous liquid to the surface of the printing form. This described method can be carried out in particular on the printing form cylinder of a printing unit or within a printing machine.
DE 44 26 012 C2 also discloses an erasing and hydrophilizing apparatus on a printing unit in connection with printing forms which can be erased, that is regenerated. A cleaning fluid, a hydrophilizing agent, is sprayed either directly onto the printing form or an assigned cleaning cloth. At the circumference of the cylinder accommodating the printing form, an image-setting device .is provided.
Conventional image-setting processes for printing forms, in particular within printing units or printing machines, share the common feature that the image-setting process or the structuring process is essentially based on the interaction of light, whether by -thermal or reactive effect, with the surface of the printing form. Tile way in which this is realized technically therefore requires an often sophisticated and complex image-setting device, which comprises one or more light sources, in particular laser .:Light sources. An image-setting device of this type with laser light sources entails not inconsiderable costs both in procurement and in use.
Furthermore, the invention relates to an apparatus for structuring a surface which comprises at least a first layer which has a polymer to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions by creating a latent structure of the first layer for producing a printing form for offset printing.
Printing forms on which the surface has an outer layer of polymer material, in particular polystyrene, styrene copolymers and the like, and an inner layer of metallic material, such as aluminum for example, have already been in use for some time in the polygraphic industry. Printing forms of this type are typically structured from an unstructured or undifferentiated state for use in offset printing to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions or subareas according to the subject to be printed. A common structuring method comprises the locally selective modification of the outer layer of the surface by temporally and spatially selective exposure to the action of electromagnetic energy, in particular laser radiation, and subsequent development of the latent structure to form hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions by removal, for example using chemicals, such as for example printing form cleaning agents, of the non-modified regions of the outer layer in such a way that hydrophilic regions of the structure are formed essentially by the exposed inner layer of the surface, while the modified regions of the outer layer are the hydrophobic regions of the structure.
A printing form on which the surface can be structured by means of exposure to the action of thermal laser energy and subsequent chemical treatment to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions is disclosed for example in EP 0 931 647 A1. In addition to a polymer containing carboxyl groups, the surface in this case also has styrene. Furthermore, to support the absorption of laser energy, an anionic dye is provided in the surface or adjacent to it. In the document EP 0 931 657 A1, a method for producing an offset printing form is disclosed. Following the image-related exposure of the printing form with infrared light, the image-related regions are developed by applying an aqueous liquid to the surface of the printing form. This described method can be carried out in particular on the printing form cylinder of a printing unit or within a printing machine.
DE 44 26 012 C2 also discloses an erasing and hydrophilizing apparatus on a printing unit in connection with printing forms which can be erased, that is regenerated. A cleaning fluid, a hydrophilizing agent, is sprayed either directly onto the printing form or an assigned cleaning cloth. At the circumference of the cylinder accommodating the printing form, an image-setting device .is provided.
Conventional image-setting processes for printing forms, in particular within printing units or printing machines, share the common feature that the image-setting process or the structuring process is essentially based on the interaction of light, whether by -thermal or reactive effect, with the surface of the printing form. Tile way in which this is realized technically therefore requires an often sophisticated and complex image-setting device, which comprises one or more light sources, in particular laser .:Light sources. An image-setting device of this type with laser light sources entails not inconsiderable costs both in procurement and in use.
The object of the present. invention is therefore to specify a further method and a fl.~rther apparatus for structuring a surface to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.
This object is achieved according to the invention by a method for structuring a surface to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions with the features according to claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.
The method according to the invention for structuring a surface which comprises at least a first layer which has a polymer, for example polystyrene, polyimide, polysilane or the like, to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions by creating a latent structure of the first layer by means of an assigned modification device for producing a printing form for offset printing is distinguished by the fact that a gaseous, readily volatile solvent is selectively applied as a modifying agent to at least one locally .limited region of the surface over at least one exposure time interval. Apart from the exposure time interval, parameters for the gas flow, such as the gas pressure, the flow rate, the extent of the flow field and the like, are defined. In connection with the invention, a latent structure is understood as meaning a structuring which comprises regions of the surface with at least two contrasting properties. An example of this which may be mentioned is the hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity, or else oleophilicity-oleophobicity, property pairing. The term latent structure is also to be understood as meaning that it may concern a structure which potentially, possibly with the assistance of one or more additional method steps, also referred to as development, leads to a structure with at least two contrasting properties.
If the surface, as preferred, comprises at least a first layer, which has polystyrene, and a second layer, which may be metallic or has polyester, in the method according to the invention the latent structure is furthermore developed at least in one region of the surface .in such a way that the first layer is removed :in those regions which have not been selectively modified. Tree second layer preferably has aluminum. It is particularly advantageous if the modification device can selectively reach regions of the surface along its two dimensions spanning the latter, successively or at least partly in parallel by translation.
According to the invention, the method for structuring a surface which comprises at least two layers, the first layer having polystyrene and the second layer possibly being metallic or having polyester, by modification of the first layer and subsequent development to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions for producing a printing form for offset printing preferably comprises a number of steps. The first layer of the surface of the printing form in the unstructured state is assigned to a modification device; for example, this assignment takes place by an arrangement in such a way that the modification device lies opposite the surface. For example, the printing form may be accommodated on a cylinder, in particular a printing form cylinder within a printing unit, rotatably about the axis of the cylinder. The modification device can selectively reach regions of the surface along its two dimensions, spanning the latter, successively or at least partly in parallel by translation with suitable means, such as actuators, linear drives, spindle drives and the like. The cylinder is possibly assigned a drive for producing a rotational movement about its axis. At the latest before the modification of each selective region, the structure information assigned to this region is made available at the modification device. In this case, the structure information corresponds at least to the structure of the desired subject of printing. By selective application of a modifying agent to regions of the surface, a latent structure is created. Used here according to the invention as a modifying agent is a gaseous, readily volatile solvent, which is applied to a locally limited region of the surface over at least one exposure time interval. The gaseous, readily volatile solvent may in this case comprise an alcohol (R-OH) and/or an aldehyde (R-HO) and/or a ketone (R.~-CO-Rz) and/or an ester (R1-COO-RZ).
In connection with the invention, R, R1 or RZ may designate an aliphatic radical, in particular a hydrocarbon chain, but also an aliphatic radical substituted with further functional groups, or an aromatic radical. R, R1 and R2 may be identical or different. The latent structure is developed, at least in one region of the surface, in such a way that the first layer is removed in those regions which have not been selectively modified. This results in a developed printing form with hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. The hydrophilic regions are formed essentially by the exposed second layer and the hydrophobic regions are formed essentially by the first layer of the printing form, modified by the exposure to the action of the gaseous, readily volatile solvent. The method according to the invention represents a simple and low-cost possible way of producing a printing form.
In advantageous developments of the method according to the invention for structuring a surface, electromagnetic energy, preferably emitted by a light source in the form of laser radiation, is radiated at least onto the locally limited region of the surface which is, has been or is to be modified by applying the gaseous, readily volatile solvent. It may be envisaged to provide the electromagnetic energy during the application of the gaseous, readily volatile solvent to the locally limited region. However, a type of pre-treatment or type of post-treatment of the region to be modified by electromagnetic energy may also be advantageous. In other words, the effective time interval of applying the gaseous, readily volatile solvent may coincide essentially with the time interval of exposure to electromagnetic energy or else be different. It goes without saying that the intervals under consideration may also in each case have a number of subintervals. The energy provided by the light source on the surface supports the action of the gaseous, readily volatile solvent on the first layer of the surface in an advantageous way.
The apparatus according to the invention for structuring a surface which comprises <~t least a first layer which has a polymer to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions by creating a latent structure of the first layer for producing a printing form for offset printing is distinguished by the fact that a modification device applies a gaseous, readily volatile solvent to a locally limited region of the surface over at least one exposure time interval. The surface preferably comprises at least a first layer, which has polystyrene, and a second layer, which may be metallic or has polyester.
A preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention for structuring a surface which comprises at least two layers, the first layer having polystyrene and the second layer possibly being metallic or having polyester, by _g_ selective modification of the first layer and subsequent development to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions for producing a printing form for offset printing is distinguished by the fact that a modification device applies a gaseous, readily volatile solvent to a locally limited region of the surface of the printing form over at least one exposure time interval. The apparatus may typically comprise a control unit or be connected to a control unit. At the latest before the modification of each selective region, assigned structure information is made available by the control unit at the modification device. Furthermore, means for producing a relative movement, for example by actuators, spindle drives, servo motors, linear motors and the like, between the modification device and the surface of the printing form are provided. It is particularly advantageous if the modification device reaches at least two locally limited regions of the surface temporally and spatially in parallel. This makes it possible to reduce the time for the modification of regions on the overall surface by parallel processing.
In an advantageous development of the apparatus according to the invention for structuring, it is additionally provided that a light source, preferably a laser light source, radiates electromagnetic energy onto at least one locally limited region of the surface, in particular onto the locally limited region to be modified of the surface. It goes without saying that means for producing a relative movement between the light source and the surface analogous to those or identical to those for producing the relative movement between the modification device and the surface are possibly provided, with the result that in each case the locally limited region to be modified of the surface can be reached both by the electromagnetic energy and by the modifying agent.
In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the gaseous, readily volatile solvent comprises ethanol (C2H5-OH) andlor 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone and/or 3-butoxy-2-propanol and/or ethanal (CH3-CHO) and/or acetone (CH3-CO-CH3) and/or acetic ether (CH3-COO-CZHS) .
The apparatus according to the invention for structuring a surface may be advantageously used in a printing form exposer or in a printing unit, known as a direct-imaging printing unit. A printing machine according to the invention, which for the processing of sheets typically comprises a feeder, one or more printing units and a delivery unit or for the processing of paper webs comprises a reel changer, at least one printing unit, a dryer and a folder, is distinguished by at least one printing unit which has at least one apparatus according to the invention for structuring a surface.
Further advantages and advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are represented on the basis of the following figures and their descripts.ons. In the drawing specifically:
Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for structuring a surface on the basis of four subfigures, Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention with the advantageous development of an additional light source, Figure 3 shows schematic representations of two arrangements of embodiments within a printing .form exposer or a printing unit, and Figure 4 shows schematic representations of two embodiments of the apparatus according to the invention for the simultaneous modification of more than one region of the first layer of the surface.
Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for structuring a surface on the basis of four subfigures. In subfigure A, a printing form 10 with a first layer 12 and a second layer 14 is shown. In connection with the embodiments described in figure 1 and the subsequent figures, the first layer 12 may also be referred to as the outer layer and the second layer 14 may also be referred to as the inner layer.
Apart from these layers on its surface, the printing form 10 may also comprise further layers in its depth or be accommodated on a support; for the method according to the invention, it is essentially immaterial whether the printing form is flat or curved. The first layer 12 has in this case polystyrene. In connection with the invention, polystyrene is to be understood a:~ meaning both essentially pure polystyrene and polystyrene copolymers, for example with polymers containing carboxy_L groups. The second layer 14 may be metallic, preferably comprises aluminum. An alternative material which has proven to be advantageous comprises polyester. Without. rest::ricting the generality with regard to the initial state of the structure of the surface 10, the method according to the invention starts out from an unstructured first layer 12, as an embodiment in subfigure A
of figure 1 shows.
In subfigure B of figure 1 it is shown how the printing form 10 with the first layer 12 above the second layer 14 is arranged lying opposite a modification device 16. A gaseous, readily volatile solvent 18, comprising the substances described above, is applied from the modification device 16 to a region of the printing form 10 in a locally limited manner, for example through outlet nozzles. It is likewise conceivable for the gaseous, readily volatile solvent 18 to be applied to the surface of the printing form 10 by means of flexible lines, such as hoses or the like. The action of the gaseous, selective solvent 18 produces a modified surface 110.
The double-headed arrows indicate a first translational direction 112 and <~ second translational direction 114, in which t:he modification device 16 is movable in relation to the printing form 10 in such a way that regions of the surface can be selectively reached .in succession along the two dimensions spanning the printing form. The modification device 16 is preferably linked by means of a connection for the exchange of data and/or control signals 116, which may also be partly wireless, to a control unit 118. At the latest before the modification of each selective region, structure information assigned to the region to be modified is made available at the modification device 16 by the control unit 118.
In subfigure C of figure l, a latent structure, created by means of the modification device 16 and formed by a number of modified surfaces 110, is shown on and/or in the first layer 12 of the printing form 10. The action of the gaseous, readily volatile solvent is directed at the first layer 12 of the printing form 10, but an increase in the adhesion of the first layer 12 on the second layer 14 of the printing form 10 can also be additionally achieved. The latent structure corresponds to the hydrophobic component of the image-related structuring, that is it comprises the ink-carrying hydrophobic regions of the surface of the printing form in offset printing.
For the development of the latent structure of the printing form 10, at least in one region of the surface the first layer 12 is removed in taose regions which have not been selectively modified. Removal of the first, non-modified layer 12 is possible for examp.l_e by the use of a cleaning fluid, a common printing-form cleaning agent. On account of the modification of the first layer 12 in the method according to the invention, a number of modified surfaces 110 remain on the printing form, while the second layer 14 is exposed. The second layer 14 is given the function of the hydrophilic regions in offset printing. The structuring to form hydrophilic and hydrophilic regions provided by the method according to the invention is schematically represented in subfigure D of figure 1.
Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention with the advantageous development of an additional light source. A printing form 10 with a first layer 12 and a second layer 14 is shown. The printing form 10 i~; arranged such that it lies opposite a modification device 16. The modification device 16 applies a gaseous, readily volatile solvent 18 to a region of the printing form 10 in a locally limited, temporally and spatially selective manner. A modified surface 110 is produced on the printing form 10. The modification device 16 is movable in a first translational direction 112 and a second translational direction 114 in relation to the printing form 10. The modification device 16 is assigned a light source 20, preferably a laser light source, emitting in particular in the infrared wavelength range. A light beam 22 illuminates at least the region of_ the printing form 10 which is modified by the action of the gaseous, readily volatile solvent 18, with the result that a modified surface 110 is produced.
Figure 3 schematically relates to two arrangements of embodiments within a printing form exposer or a printing unit of the apparatus according to the invention. Shown in subfigure A of figure 1 is an arrangement as it may be realized with preference in a printing unit in which the printing form 10 with the first layer 12 and the second layer 14 is accommodated on .a cylinder 30. The cylinder 30 is rotatable about its axis 32 :in rotational direction 34.
Assigned to the first layer 12 of the printing form 10 is the modification device 16, which is movable along the translational direction 36 essentially parallel in relation to the axis 32 of the cylinder 30. Tn the combination of the rotational and translational movement, all the points of the surface of the printing form 10 are reached by the modification device 16. Shown in subfigure B of figure 3 is an embodiment of what is known as an in-drum arrangement. In other words, the printing form 10 with the first layer 12 and the second layer 14 is accommodated in a concave manner, with the result that the assigned modification device 16, located on a shaft 38, reaches all the points of the surface of the printing form 10 by movement in translational direction 36, essentially parallel to the direction defined by the shaft 38, and by rotation in rotatic>nal direction 34 about the axis defined by the shaft 38.
Figure 4 is a schematic representation of two embodiments of the apparatus accowding to the invention for the simultaneous modification of more than one region of the first layer of the surface. Shown in subfigure A of figure 4 is a number of modification devices 16, here by way of example and without restricting generality seven modification devices 16, which are assigned to the first layer 12, lying opposite, of the printing form 10 with the first layer 12 and second layer 14 accommodated on the cylinder. The cylinder 30 is rotatable about its axis 32 i.n rotational direction 34. The number of modification devices 16 are configured as an integrated modification devices 40. In other words, this embodiment of the apparatus according to the irrvention comprises an integrated modific:atior~ device 40 which has in a modular manner a plurality of modification devices 16 for applying a gaseous, readily volatile solvent to a locally limited region of the surface of the printing form 10. It is shown in subfigure B of figure 9 that, in an alternative embodiment of the apparatus acct>rding to the invention, a number of modification devices 16, here by way of example four, which are arranged such that they lie opposite the printing form 10 accommodated on the cylinder 30, may be provided. Subregions of the overall surface of the printing form 10 are in each case reached by a modification device 16 and exposed in an image-related manner to the gaseous, readily volatile solvent 18. With the embodiments shown in figure 4, a parallel or simultaneous modification of at least two regions of the surface of the printing .form 10 is at least partly possible.
List of designations printing form 12 first layer 5 14 second layer 16 modification device 18 gaseous solvent 110 modified surface 112 first translational direction 10 114 second translationa:l_ direction 116 connection for the exchange of data and/or control sign als 118 control unit light source 15 22 light beam cylinder 22 axis 34 rotational direction 36 translational direction 20 38 shaft integrated modification device
This object is achieved according to the invention by a method for structuring a surface to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions with the features according to claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.
The method according to the invention for structuring a surface which comprises at least a first layer which has a polymer, for example polystyrene, polyimide, polysilane or the like, to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions by creating a latent structure of the first layer by means of an assigned modification device for producing a printing form for offset printing is distinguished by the fact that a gaseous, readily volatile solvent is selectively applied as a modifying agent to at least one locally .limited region of the surface over at least one exposure time interval. Apart from the exposure time interval, parameters for the gas flow, such as the gas pressure, the flow rate, the extent of the flow field and the like, are defined. In connection with the invention, a latent structure is understood as meaning a structuring which comprises regions of the surface with at least two contrasting properties. An example of this which may be mentioned is the hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity, or else oleophilicity-oleophobicity, property pairing. The term latent structure is also to be understood as meaning that it may concern a structure which potentially, possibly with the assistance of one or more additional method steps, also referred to as development, leads to a structure with at least two contrasting properties.
If the surface, as preferred, comprises at least a first layer, which has polystyrene, and a second layer, which may be metallic or has polyester, in the method according to the invention the latent structure is furthermore developed at least in one region of the surface .in such a way that the first layer is removed :in those regions which have not been selectively modified. Tree second layer preferably has aluminum. It is particularly advantageous if the modification device can selectively reach regions of the surface along its two dimensions spanning the latter, successively or at least partly in parallel by translation.
According to the invention, the method for structuring a surface which comprises at least two layers, the first layer having polystyrene and the second layer possibly being metallic or having polyester, by modification of the first layer and subsequent development to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions for producing a printing form for offset printing preferably comprises a number of steps. The first layer of the surface of the printing form in the unstructured state is assigned to a modification device; for example, this assignment takes place by an arrangement in such a way that the modification device lies opposite the surface. For example, the printing form may be accommodated on a cylinder, in particular a printing form cylinder within a printing unit, rotatably about the axis of the cylinder. The modification device can selectively reach regions of the surface along its two dimensions, spanning the latter, successively or at least partly in parallel by translation with suitable means, such as actuators, linear drives, spindle drives and the like. The cylinder is possibly assigned a drive for producing a rotational movement about its axis. At the latest before the modification of each selective region, the structure information assigned to this region is made available at the modification device. In this case, the structure information corresponds at least to the structure of the desired subject of printing. By selective application of a modifying agent to regions of the surface, a latent structure is created. Used here according to the invention as a modifying agent is a gaseous, readily volatile solvent, which is applied to a locally limited region of the surface over at least one exposure time interval. The gaseous, readily volatile solvent may in this case comprise an alcohol (R-OH) and/or an aldehyde (R-HO) and/or a ketone (R.~-CO-Rz) and/or an ester (R1-COO-RZ).
In connection with the invention, R, R1 or RZ may designate an aliphatic radical, in particular a hydrocarbon chain, but also an aliphatic radical substituted with further functional groups, or an aromatic radical. R, R1 and R2 may be identical or different. The latent structure is developed, at least in one region of the surface, in such a way that the first layer is removed in those regions which have not been selectively modified. This results in a developed printing form with hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. The hydrophilic regions are formed essentially by the exposed second layer and the hydrophobic regions are formed essentially by the first layer of the printing form, modified by the exposure to the action of the gaseous, readily volatile solvent. The method according to the invention represents a simple and low-cost possible way of producing a printing form.
In advantageous developments of the method according to the invention for structuring a surface, electromagnetic energy, preferably emitted by a light source in the form of laser radiation, is radiated at least onto the locally limited region of the surface which is, has been or is to be modified by applying the gaseous, readily volatile solvent. It may be envisaged to provide the electromagnetic energy during the application of the gaseous, readily volatile solvent to the locally limited region. However, a type of pre-treatment or type of post-treatment of the region to be modified by electromagnetic energy may also be advantageous. In other words, the effective time interval of applying the gaseous, readily volatile solvent may coincide essentially with the time interval of exposure to electromagnetic energy or else be different. It goes without saying that the intervals under consideration may also in each case have a number of subintervals. The energy provided by the light source on the surface supports the action of the gaseous, readily volatile solvent on the first layer of the surface in an advantageous way.
The apparatus according to the invention for structuring a surface which comprises <~t least a first layer which has a polymer to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions by creating a latent structure of the first layer for producing a printing form for offset printing is distinguished by the fact that a modification device applies a gaseous, readily volatile solvent to a locally limited region of the surface over at least one exposure time interval. The surface preferably comprises at least a first layer, which has polystyrene, and a second layer, which may be metallic or has polyester.
A preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention for structuring a surface which comprises at least two layers, the first layer having polystyrene and the second layer possibly being metallic or having polyester, by _g_ selective modification of the first layer and subsequent development to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions for producing a printing form for offset printing is distinguished by the fact that a modification device applies a gaseous, readily volatile solvent to a locally limited region of the surface of the printing form over at least one exposure time interval. The apparatus may typically comprise a control unit or be connected to a control unit. At the latest before the modification of each selective region, assigned structure information is made available by the control unit at the modification device. Furthermore, means for producing a relative movement, for example by actuators, spindle drives, servo motors, linear motors and the like, between the modification device and the surface of the printing form are provided. It is particularly advantageous if the modification device reaches at least two locally limited regions of the surface temporally and spatially in parallel. This makes it possible to reduce the time for the modification of regions on the overall surface by parallel processing.
In an advantageous development of the apparatus according to the invention for structuring, it is additionally provided that a light source, preferably a laser light source, radiates electromagnetic energy onto at least one locally limited region of the surface, in particular onto the locally limited region to be modified of the surface. It goes without saying that means for producing a relative movement between the light source and the surface analogous to those or identical to those for producing the relative movement between the modification device and the surface are possibly provided, with the result that in each case the locally limited region to be modified of the surface can be reached both by the electromagnetic energy and by the modifying agent.
In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the gaseous, readily volatile solvent comprises ethanol (C2H5-OH) andlor 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone and/or 3-butoxy-2-propanol and/or ethanal (CH3-CHO) and/or acetone (CH3-CO-CH3) and/or acetic ether (CH3-COO-CZHS) .
The apparatus according to the invention for structuring a surface may be advantageously used in a printing form exposer or in a printing unit, known as a direct-imaging printing unit. A printing machine according to the invention, which for the processing of sheets typically comprises a feeder, one or more printing units and a delivery unit or for the processing of paper webs comprises a reel changer, at least one printing unit, a dryer and a folder, is distinguished by at least one printing unit which has at least one apparatus according to the invention for structuring a surface.
Further advantages and advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are represented on the basis of the following figures and their descripts.ons. In the drawing specifically:
Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for structuring a surface on the basis of four subfigures, Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention with the advantageous development of an additional light source, Figure 3 shows schematic representations of two arrangements of embodiments within a printing .form exposer or a printing unit, and Figure 4 shows schematic representations of two embodiments of the apparatus according to the invention for the simultaneous modification of more than one region of the first layer of the surface.
Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for structuring a surface on the basis of four subfigures. In subfigure A, a printing form 10 with a first layer 12 and a second layer 14 is shown. In connection with the embodiments described in figure 1 and the subsequent figures, the first layer 12 may also be referred to as the outer layer and the second layer 14 may also be referred to as the inner layer.
Apart from these layers on its surface, the printing form 10 may also comprise further layers in its depth or be accommodated on a support; for the method according to the invention, it is essentially immaterial whether the printing form is flat or curved. The first layer 12 has in this case polystyrene. In connection with the invention, polystyrene is to be understood a:~ meaning both essentially pure polystyrene and polystyrene copolymers, for example with polymers containing carboxy_L groups. The second layer 14 may be metallic, preferably comprises aluminum. An alternative material which has proven to be advantageous comprises polyester. Without. rest::ricting the generality with regard to the initial state of the structure of the surface 10, the method according to the invention starts out from an unstructured first layer 12, as an embodiment in subfigure A
of figure 1 shows.
In subfigure B of figure 1 it is shown how the printing form 10 with the first layer 12 above the second layer 14 is arranged lying opposite a modification device 16. A gaseous, readily volatile solvent 18, comprising the substances described above, is applied from the modification device 16 to a region of the printing form 10 in a locally limited manner, for example through outlet nozzles. It is likewise conceivable for the gaseous, readily volatile solvent 18 to be applied to the surface of the printing form 10 by means of flexible lines, such as hoses or the like. The action of the gaseous, selective solvent 18 produces a modified surface 110.
The double-headed arrows indicate a first translational direction 112 and <~ second translational direction 114, in which t:he modification device 16 is movable in relation to the printing form 10 in such a way that regions of the surface can be selectively reached .in succession along the two dimensions spanning the printing form. The modification device 16 is preferably linked by means of a connection for the exchange of data and/or control signals 116, which may also be partly wireless, to a control unit 118. At the latest before the modification of each selective region, structure information assigned to the region to be modified is made available at the modification device 16 by the control unit 118.
In subfigure C of figure l, a latent structure, created by means of the modification device 16 and formed by a number of modified surfaces 110, is shown on and/or in the first layer 12 of the printing form 10. The action of the gaseous, readily volatile solvent is directed at the first layer 12 of the printing form 10, but an increase in the adhesion of the first layer 12 on the second layer 14 of the printing form 10 can also be additionally achieved. The latent structure corresponds to the hydrophobic component of the image-related structuring, that is it comprises the ink-carrying hydrophobic regions of the surface of the printing form in offset printing.
For the development of the latent structure of the printing form 10, at least in one region of the surface the first layer 12 is removed in taose regions which have not been selectively modified. Removal of the first, non-modified layer 12 is possible for examp.l_e by the use of a cleaning fluid, a common printing-form cleaning agent. On account of the modification of the first layer 12 in the method according to the invention, a number of modified surfaces 110 remain on the printing form, while the second layer 14 is exposed. The second layer 14 is given the function of the hydrophilic regions in offset printing. The structuring to form hydrophilic and hydrophilic regions provided by the method according to the invention is schematically represented in subfigure D of figure 1.
Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention with the advantageous development of an additional light source. A printing form 10 with a first layer 12 and a second layer 14 is shown. The printing form 10 i~; arranged such that it lies opposite a modification device 16. The modification device 16 applies a gaseous, readily volatile solvent 18 to a region of the printing form 10 in a locally limited, temporally and spatially selective manner. A modified surface 110 is produced on the printing form 10. The modification device 16 is movable in a first translational direction 112 and a second translational direction 114 in relation to the printing form 10. The modification device 16 is assigned a light source 20, preferably a laser light source, emitting in particular in the infrared wavelength range. A light beam 22 illuminates at least the region of_ the printing form 10 which is modified by the action of the gaseous, readily volatile solvent 18, with the result that a modified surface 110 is produced.
Figure 3 schematically relates to two arrangements of embodiments within a printing form exposer or a printing unit of the apparatus according to the invention. Shown in subfigure A of figure 1 is an arrangement as it may be realized with preference in a printing unit in which the printing form 10 with the first layer 12 and the second layer 14 is accommodated on .a cylinder 30. The cylinder 30 is rotatable about its axis 32 :in rotational direction 34.
Assigned to the first layer 12 of the printing form 10 is the modification device 16, which is movable along the translational direction 36 essentially parallel in relation to the axis 32 of the cylinder 30. Tn the combination of the rotational and translational movement, all the points of the surface of the printing form 10 are reached by the modification device 16. Shown in subfigure B of figure 3 is an embodiment of what is known as an in-drum arrangement. In other words, the printing form 10 with the first layer 12 and the second layer 14 is accommodated in a concave manner, with the result that the assigned modification device 16, located on a shaft 38, reaches all the points of the surface of the printing form 10 by movement in translational direction 36, essentially parallel to the direction defined by the shaft 38, and by rotation in rotatic>nal direction 34 about the axis defined by the shaft 38.
Figure 4 is a schematic representation of two embodiments of the apparatus accowding to the invention for the simultaneous modification of more than one region of the first layer of the surface. Shown in subfigure A of figure 4 is a number of modification devices 16, here by way of example and without restricting generality seven modification devices 16, which are assigned to the first layer 12, lying opposite, of the printing form 10 with the first layer 12 and second layer 14 accommodated on the cylinder. The cylinder 30 is rotatable about its axis 32 i.n rotational direction 34. The number of modification devices 16 are configured as an integrated modification devices 40. In other words, this embodiment of the apparatus according to the irrvention comprises an integrated modific:atior~ device 40 which has in a modular manner a plurality of modification devices 16 for applying a gaseous, readily volatile solvent to a locally limited region of the surface of the printing form 10. It is shown in subfigure B of figure 9 that, in an alternative embodiment of the apparatus acct>rding to the invention, a number of modification devices 16, here by way of example four, which are arranged such that they lie opposite the printing form 10 accommodated on the cylinder 30, may be provided. Subregions of the overall surface of the printing form 10 are in each case reached by a modification device 16 and exposed in an image-related manner to the gaseous, readily volatile solvent 18. With the embodiments shown in figure 4, a parallel or simultaneous modification of at least two regions of the surface of the printing .form 10 is at least partly possible.
List of designations printing form 12 first layer 5 14 second layer 16 modification device 18 gaseous solvent 110 modified surface 112 first translational direction 10 114 second translationa:l_ direction 116 connection for the exchange of data and/or control sign als 118 control unit light source 15 22 light beam cylinder 22 axis 34 rotational direction 36 translational direction 20 38 shaft integrated modification device
Claims (15)
1. A method for structurizing a surface (10) which comprises at least a first layer (12) which has a polymer to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions by creating a latent structure of the first layer (12) by means of an assigned modification device (16) for producing a printing form (10) for offset printing, characterized by:
selective application of a gaseous, readily volatile solvent (18) as a modifying agent to at least one locally limited region of the surface (10) over at least one exposure time interval.
selective application of a gaseous, readily volatile solvent (18) as a modifying agent to at least one locally limited region of the surface (10) over at least one exposure time interval.
2. The method for structurizing a surface with at least a first layer (12) and a second layer (14) as claimed in claim 1, the first layer (12) having polystyrene and the second layer (14) being metallic or having polyester, characterized by:
developing the latent structure at least in one region of the surface in such a way that the first layer (12) is removed in those regions which have not been selectively modified.
developing the latent structure at least in one region of the surface in such a way that the first layer (12) is removed in those regions which have not been selectively modified.
3. The method for structuring a surface as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized by:
translation of the modification device (16) in such a way that the modification device (16) can selectively reach regions of the surface along its two dimensions spanning the latter, successively or at least partly in parallel.
translation of the modification device (16) in such a way that the modification device (16) can selectively reach regions of the surface along its two dimensions spanning the latter, successively or at least partly in parallel.
4. The method for structuring a surface as claimed in one of the above claims, characterized by:
radiating electromagnetic energy (22) at least onto the locally limited region of the surface.
radiating electromagnetic energy (22) at least onto the locally limited region of the surface.
5. The method for structuring a surface as claimed in one of the above claims, characterized by:
radiating electromagnetic energy during the application of the gaseous, readily volatile solvent.
radiating electromagnetic energy during the application of the gaseous, readily volatile solvent.
6. An apparatus for structuring a surface (10) which comprises at least a first layer (12) which has a polymer to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions by creating a latent structure of the first layer (12) for producing a printing form (10) for offset printing, characterized in that a modification device (16) applies a gaseous, readily volatile solvent (18) to a locally limited region of the surface over at least one exposure time interval.
7. The apparatus for structuring a surface (10) as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the surface (10) comprises at least a first layer (12) which has polystyrene and a second layer (14) which is metallic or has polyester.
8. The apparatus for structuring a surface as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the modification device (16) reaches at least two locally limited regions of the surface temporally and spatially in parallel.
9. The apparatus for structuring a surface as claimed in one of claims 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that a light source radiates electromagnetic energy (22) onto at least the locally limited region of the surface.
10. The apparatus for structuring a surface as claimed in one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that, at the latest before the modification of each selective region, a control unit (118) makes assigned structure information available at the modification device.
11. The apparatus for structuring a surface as claimed in one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the gaseous, readily volatile solvent (18) comprises an alcohol (R-OH) and/or an aldehyde (R-HO) and/or a ketone (R1-CO-R2) and/or an ester (R1-COO-R2).
12. The apparatus for structuring a surface as claimed in claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the gaseous, readily volatile solvent (18) comprises ethanol (C2H5-OH) and/or 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone and/or 3-butoxy-2-propanol and/or ethanal (CH3-CHO) and/or acetone (CH3-CO-CH3) and/or acetic ether (CH3-COO-C2H5).
13. A printing form exposer, characterized by at least one apparatus as claimed in one of claims 6 to 12.
14. A printing unit, characterized by at least one apparatus as claimed in one of claims 6 to 12.
15. A printing machine, characterized by at least one printing unit as claimed in claim 14.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10136068.1 | 2001-07-25 | ||
| DE10136068A DE10136068A1 (en) | 2001-07-25 | 2001-07-25 | Method and device for structuring a surface into hydrophilic and hydrophobic areas |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2386593A1 true CA2386593A1 (en) | 2003-01-25 |
Family
ID=7692941
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002386593A Abandoned CA2386593A1 (en) | 2001-07-25 | 2002-05-15 | Method and apparatus for structuring a surface to form hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1279518B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4280471B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1289317C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE342173T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2386593A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ20021720A3 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10136068A1 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1053447A1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL150859A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101886699B1 (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2018-08-10 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Printing tool, method for manufacturing the same and electronic circuit manufactured by using the same |
| US10168423B2 (en) * | 2017-01-27 | 2019-01-01 | Waymo Llc | LIDAR sensor window configuration for improved data integrity |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3911934C2 (en) * | 1989-04-12 | 1995-08-24 | Krause Biagosch Gmbh | Offset printing form and method for producing this printing form |
| JPH04282249A (en) * | 1991-03-12 | 1992-10-07 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | Direct manufacture of lithographic printing plate using ink jet system and its device |
| DE4119111A1 (en) * | 1991-06-10 | 1992-12-17 | Inst Grafische Technik Zentral | Prodn. of printing forme for offset work - involves producing droplets of oleophile, water-resistant medium with nozzles connected to reservoir and conveyed to parts of hydrophilic cylinder surface |
| DE4235242C1 (en) * | 1992-10-20 | 1993-11-11 | Roland Man Druckmasch | Erasable print form |
| DE4426012C2 (en) | 1994-07-22 | 1998-05-20 | Roland Man Druckmasch | Erasable printing form, its use and methods for erasing and regenerating the printing form |
| US6145953A (en) | 1998-01-15 | 2000-11-14 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Ink solvent application system for inkjet printheads |
| EP0931647B1 (en) | 1998-01-23 | 2003-04-02 | Agfa-Gevaert | A heat sensitive element and a method for producing lithographic plates therewith |
| WO2000046037A1 (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-08-10 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Printing plate material and production and regenerating methods therefor |
| DE69912740T2 (en) * | 1999-04-19 | 2004-09-23 | Agfa-Gevaert | Process for the production of lithographic printing plates using a novolak resin |
-
2001
- 2001-07-25 DE DE10136068A patent/DE10136068A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-05-15 CA CA002386593A patent/CA2386593A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-05-17 CZ CZ20021720A patent/CZ20021720A3/en unknown
- 2002-05-31 CN CN02121669.XA patent/CN1289317C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-03 AT AT02014819T patent/ATE342173T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-03 DE DE50208385T patent/DE50208385D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-03 EP EP02014819A patent/EP1279518B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-22 IL IL15085902A patent/IL150859A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-23 JP JP2002213634A patent/JP4280471B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-08-12 HK HK03105744A patent/HK1053447A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1279518B1 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
| EP1279518A3 (en) | 2003-11-05 |
| ATE342173T1 (en) | 2006-11-15 |
| CZ20021720A3 (en) | 2003-03-12 |
| EP1279518A2 (en) | 2003-01-29 |
| JP2003107691A (en) | 2003-04-09 |
| IL150859A (en) | 2005-09-25 |
| DE50208385D1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
| DE10136068A1 (en) | 2003-02-13 |
| JP4280471B2 (en) | 2009-06-17 |
| HK1053447A1 (en) | 2003-10-24 |
| CN1398726A (en) | 2003-02-26 |
| CN1289317C (en) | 2006-12-13 |
| IL150859A0 (en) | 2003-02-12 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |