CA2123285C - Agents de revetement et leur utilisation comme appret et bouche-pores dans la production de revetements multicouches - Google Patents

Agents de revetement et leur utilisation comme appret et bouche-pores dans la production de revetements multicouches Download PDF

Info

Publication number: CA2123285C
Authority: CA; Canada
Prior art keywords: alpha; beta; coating; coating agent; ester
Prior art date: 1993-05-20
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Expired - Fee Related

Application number

CA002123285A

Other languages

English (en)

Other versions

CA2123285A1 (fr

Inventor

Heinz D. Becker

Gerhard Bremer

Fritz Sadowski

Werner Stephan

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

EIDP Inc

Original Assignee

EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1993-05-20

Filing date

1994-05-10

Publication date

2006-03-21

1994-05-10 Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co

1994-11-21 Publication of CA2123285A1 publication Critical patent/CA2123285A1/fr

2006-03-21 Application granted granted Critical

2006-03-21 Publication of CA2123285C publication Critical patent/CA2123285C/fr

2014-05-10 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
-1 vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 claims abstract description 5
150000001990 dicarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 10
239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 claims description 8
239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims description 2
239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 4
239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 17
229940079938 nitrocellulose Drugs 0.000 description 17
DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 7
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 4
UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 4
RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 4
SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 3
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 3
GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
CCTFMNIEFHGTDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxypropyl acetate Chemical compound COCCCOC(C)=O CCTFMNIEFHGTDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical group OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)CC(C)(C)C1 HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
WSFQLUVWDKCYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-hydroxy-3-morpholin-4-ylpropane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC(O)CN1CCOCC1 WSFQLUVWDKCYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
RTTZISZSHSCFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC(CN=C=O)=C1 RTTZISZSHSCFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
OHLKMGYGBHFODF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=C(CN=C=O)C=C1 OHLKMGYGBHFODF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
VZXPHDGHQXLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanato-5,6-dimethylheptane Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)(C)C(C)CCCCN=C=O VZXPHDGHQXLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-4-heptanone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(=O)CC(C)C PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
NQBXSWAWVZHKBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOC(C)=O NQBXSWAWVZHKBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOC(C)=O SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
QMYGFTJCQFEDST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxybutyl acetate Chemical compound COC(C)CCOC(C)=O QMYGFTJCQFEDST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical class OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical class CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
IPTNXMGXEGQYSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;1-methoxybutan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCCC(O)OC IPTNXMGXEGQYSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-isobutyric acid Natural products CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229940072049 amyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous amyl acetate Natural products CCCCCOC(C)=O PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
239000012933 diacyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-BQYQJAHWSA-N dibutyl (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCCCC JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N dibutyl (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCCCC JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-AATRIKPKSA-N diethyl fumarate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical class OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
JXCHMDATRWUOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisocyanatomethylbenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC(N=C=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JXCHMDATRWUOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N dimethyl maleate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC([O-])=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
UACSZOWTRIJIFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCO UACSZOWTRIJIFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
GJIDOLBZYSCZRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCOC(=O)C=C GJIDOLBZYSCZRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000001034 iron oxide pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-butyl acetate Natural products CC(C)COC(C)=O GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M isocaproate Chemical compound CC(C)CCC([O-])=O FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)CC(C)C OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
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229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/62—Polymers of compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08G18/6216—Polymers of alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or of derivatives thereof
- C08G18/625—Polymers of alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids; hydrolyzed polymers of esters of these acids
- C08G18/6258—Polymers of alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids; hydrolyzed polymers of esters of these acids the acid groups being esterified with polyhydroxy compounds or epoxy compounds during or after polymerization
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/088—Removal of water or carbon dioxide from the reaction mixture or reaction components
- C08G18/0885—Removal of water or carbon dioxide from the reaction mixture or reaction components using additives, e.g. absorbing agents
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4081—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/64 with other macromolecular compounds
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/62—Polymers of compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08G18/6216—Polymers of alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or of derivatives thereof
- C08G18/622—Polymers of esters of alpha-beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12181—Composite powder [e.g., coated, etc.]
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12583—Component contains compound of adjacent metal
- Y10T428/1259—Oxide
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31565—Next to polyester [polyethylene terephthalate, etc.]

Landscapes

Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

CA002123285A 1993-05-20 1994-05-10 Agents de revetement et leur utilisation comme appret et bouche-pores dans la production de revetements multicouches Expired - Fee Related CA2123285C (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
DE4316912A DE4316912A1 (de)	1993-05-20	1993-05-20	Überzugsmittel und deren Verwendung als Grundierung und/oder Füller bei der Herstellung von Mehrschichtlackierungen
DEP4316912.0		1993-05-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
CA2123285A1 CA2123285A1 (fr)	1994-11-21
CA2123285C true CA2123285C (fr)	2006-03-21

Family

ID=6488557

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
CA002123285A Expired - Fee Related CA2123285C (fr)	1993-05-20	1994-05-10	Agents de revetement et leur utilisation comme appret et bouche-pores dans la production de revetements multicouches

Country Status (9)

Country	Link
US (1)	US5708117A (fr)
EP (1)	EP0630922B1 (fr)
JP (1)	JPH06329983A (fr)
AT (1)	ATE158322T1 (fr)
CA (1)	CA2123285C (fr)
DE (2)	DE4316912A1 (fr)
DK (1)	DK0630922T3 (fr)
ES (1)	ES2108329T3 (fr)
GR (1)	GR3025097T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
EP0738740B1 (fr) *	1995-04-21	2003-07-23	Basf Corporation	Composition de revêtement durcissable
US5576063A (en) *	1995-04-21	1996-11-19	Basf Corporation	Multiple layer coating method
AU690834B2 (en) *	1995-04-21	1998-04-30	Basf Corporation	Coating compositions and methods of using them
DE19542119C1 (de) *	1995-11-11	1997-02-13	Herberts Gmbh	Überzugsmittel und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mehrschichtüberzügen
EP0877059A1 (fr) *	1997-05-07	1998-11-11	Fina Research S.A.	Une peinture de fond pour Plastisole à base de PVC
DE19953996A1 (de) *	1999-11-10	2001-05-17	Volkswagen Ag	Verfahren zur Lackierung von Teilen, welche aus Kunststoff bestehen oder eine Kunststoffoberfläche aufweisen
JP4455712B2 (ja) *	2000-02-18	2010-04-21	山下正人	耐大気腐食性を有する被覆鋼
US20020102425A1 (en) *	2000-12-04	2002-08-01	Ann Delmotte	Coating compositions based on hydroxy-functional (meth)acrylic copolymers
US20070197727A1 (en) *	2006-02-16	2007-08-23	Laura Ann Lewin	Multi component coating composition
JP2010275344A (ja) *	2009-05-26	2010-12-09	Dic Corp	ポリエステルフィルム用コーティング剤
WO2021053942A1 (fr) *	2019-09-17	2021-03-25	関西ペイント株式会社	Composition de revêtement en deux parties

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US3919173A (en) *	1973-11-23	1975-11-11	Contech Inc	Moisture curable polyurethane systems
DE3101887A1 (de) *	1981-01-22	1982-09-02	Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt	"verfahren zur herstellung von copolymerisaten und verwendung der erhaltenen produkte"
DE3640243A1 (de) *	1986-11-25	1988-06-01	Herberts Gmbh	Ueberzugsmittel und dessen verwendung als grundierung und fueller

1993
- 1993-05-20 DE DE4316912A patent/DE4316912A1/de not_active Withdrawn
1994
- 1994-05-10 CA CA002123285A patent/CA2123285C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-17 EP EP94107596A patent/EP0630922B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-17 AT AT94107596T patent/ATE158322T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-05-17 ES ES94107596T patent/ES2108329T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-17 DE DE59404067T patent/DE59404067D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-17 DK DK94107596.2T patent/DK0630922T3/da active
- 1994-05-19 JP JP6105264A patent/JPH06329983A/ja active Pending
1996
- 1996-03-11 US US08/613,918 patent/US5708117A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
1997
- 1997-10-20 GR GR970402738T patent/GR3025097T3/el unknown

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
EP0630922A1 (fr)	1994-12-28
US5708117A (en)	1998-01-13
ES2108329T3 (es)	1997-12-16
DE4316912A1 (de)	1994-12-01
EP0630922B1 (fr)	1997-09-17
DE59404067D1 (de)	1997-10-23
ATE158322T1 (de)	1997-10-15
DK0630922T3 (da)	1998-02-02
JPH06329983A (ja)	1994-11-29
CA2123285A1 (fr)	1994-11-21
GR3025097T3 (en)	1998-01-30

Legal Events

Date	Code	Title	Description
2001-05-09	EEER	Examination request
2007-05-10	MKLA	Lapsed

Publication	Publication Date	Title
JP4159600B2 (ja)	2008-10-01	水性二成分−ポリウレタン−被覆剤、その製造及び多層塗膜の製造法
AU684292B2 (en)	1997-12-11	Aqueous two-component polyurethane coating agent, process for preparing the same and its use in a process for applying a multilayered coating of lacquer
EP1784463B1 (fr)	2011-01-26	Compositions de revêtement aqueux à base de copolymères d'acrylate
US5648410A (en)	1997-07-15	Aqueous polymer dispersions for clear coats
CA2123285C (fr)	2006-03-21	Agents de revetement et leur utilisation comme appret et bouche-pores dans la production de revetements multicouches
JPH11513064A (ja)	1999-11-09	耐湿性の水性ウレタン／アクリル樹脂および塗装組成物
KR100672868B1 (ko)	2007-01-24	수성 분산액으로부터 물리적 건조 코팅의 제조 방법
JPH024870A (ja)	1990-01-09	ノン―チツプ塗膜および／またはフイラー層の形成方法
CA2335048C (fr)	2008-02-26	Pates contenant des agents de matage et de structuration et produits de revetement les contenant
JPH0329832B2 (fr)	1991-04-25
US5136004A (en)	1992-08-04	Binder, process for its preparation and its use in clear or pigmented coating agents
DE112013003992B4 (de)	2017-10-19	Zwei-Komponenten-Beschichtungs-Zusammensetzungen auf Wasserbasis
JPH0925452A (ja)	1997-01-28	コーティング媒質、その使用および多層コーティングの方法
JP3825684B2 (ja)	2006-09-27	ヒドロキシ官能性（メタ）アクリレート共重合体に基づく塗料
US4855342A (en)	1989-08-08	Coating material and its use as primer and extender
GB2108138A (en)	1983-05-11	Two-package urethane maintenance primer
US20070244258A1 (en)	2007-10-18	Clear coating compositions with improved scratch resistance
KR100470429B1 (ko)	2005-10-21	아크릴-우레탄-아크릴블록공중합체수분산수지의제조방법및이를함유한수용성도료조성물
US6043301A (en)	2000-03-28	Aqueous coating compositions
US5856408A (en)	1999-01-05	Water dispersible acrylic based graft copolymers, a method of manufacture and aqueous paints
JP2002069135A (ja)	2002-03-08	アクリル系共重合体、被覆用樹脂組成物および塗料
JP2629793B2 (ja)	1997-07-16	塗装法
CN112912451B (zh)	2023-09-15	可固化涂料组合物
JP3232390B2 (ja)	2001-11-26	エアゾ−ル用塗料組成物
JPS62230864A (ja)	1987-10-09	被覆剤、下塗剤、下塗目止剤および吹付目止剤を製造するための反応性ラツカ−、ならびに被覆、下塗、下塗目止および吹付目止を得る方法