WO2024103346A1 - Procédé et appareil d'avertissement précoce pour batterie, et dispositif terminal et support de stockage - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil d'avertissement précoce pour batterie, et dispositif terminal et support de stockage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024103346A1
WO2024103346A1 PCT/CN2022/132613 CN2022132613W WO2024103346A1 WO 2024103346 A1 WO2024103346 A1 WO 2024103346A1 CN 2022132613 W CN2022132613 W CN 2022132613W WO 2024103346 A1 WO2024103346 A1 WO 2024103346A1
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battery
lithium
performance parameter
amount
lithium deposition
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PCT/CN2022/132613
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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吴凯
徐凌澜
张婷婷
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宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/132613 priority Critical patent/WO2024103346A1/fr
Priority to CN202280006698.0A priority patent/CN118369585A/zh
Publication of WO2024103346A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024103346A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator

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  • the present application belongs to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, relates to an early warning method, device, terminal equipment and storage medium for batteries.
  • lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in electric vehicles due to their high energy density and long cycle life.
  • some adverse reactions inside the battery will seriously affect the battery's cycle life and safety performance.
  • the negative electrode lithium plating reaction is one of the most important factors causing battery aging.
  • One of the purposes of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an early warning method, apparatus, terminal device and storage medium for a battery, which can improve the accuracy of determining the risk of lithium plating in a battery.
  • a battery early warning method comprising:
  • the risk level of lithium plating corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the first performance parameter and the second performance parameter.
  • the first performance parameter corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is obtained; the second performance parameter corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is obtained; and the risk level of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the first performance parameter and the second performance parameter. That is, the present application can determine the risk level of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the first performance parameter corresponding to the first charging process and the second performance parameter corresponding to the first intermediate process, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the risk of lithium deposition of the battery.
  • determining the lithium plating risk level corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the first performance parameter and the second performance parameter includes:
  • the lithium deposition risk level corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the lithium deposition amount and the lithium reinsertion ratio.
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the first performance parameter; the lithium re-intercalation ratio corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the second performance parameter; the degree of lithium deposition risk corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the amount of lithium deposition and the lithium re-intercalation ratio, that is, the embodiment of the present application can determine the degree of lithium deposition risk corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the amount of lithium deposition and the lithium re-intercalation ratio, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the lithium deposition risk of the battery.
  • determining the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery according to the first performance parameter includes:
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the anode potential and the critical lithium deposition potential.
  • the anode potential is obtained through the first performance parameter; the critical lithium deposition potential corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the first performance parameter; the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the anode potential and the critical lithium deposition potential.
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery can be determined quickly, in real time and accurately, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the risk of lithium deposition of the battery.
  • determining the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery according to the anode potential and the critical lithium deposition potential includes:
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the polarization current.
  • the polarization potential of the anode is determined according to the anode potential and the preset critical lithium deposition potential, and the polarization current is determined based on the polarization potential, which can improve the accuracy of determining the polarization current, and the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the polarization current, which can improve the accuracy of determining the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery, and improve the accuracy of determining the risk degree of lithium deposition.
  • determining the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery according to the polarization current includes:
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero and the charging time corresponding to the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero.
  • the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero is determined, which can improve the accuracy of determining the polarization current.
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined.
  • the charging time can be considered when determining the amount of lithium deposition and the accuracy of determining the amount of lithium deposition can be improved, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the risk degree of lithium deposition.
  • obtaining the anode potential according to the first performance parameter includes:
  • the first performance parameter is input into the anode potential model to obtain the anode potential.
  • the first performance parameter is input into the anode potential model to obtain the anode potential, which improves the accuracy of determining the anode potential and improves the accuracy of determining the risk degree of lithium plating.
  • the anode potential model includes an electrochemical model and a neural network model, and inputting the first performance parameter into the anode potential model to obtain the anode potential includes:
  • the first performance parameter is input into the electrochemical model and the neural network model for prediction to obtain the anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter.
  • the first performance parameter can be input into the electrochemical model and the neural network model for prediction to obtain the anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter. While outputting the anode potentials corresponding to all the first performance parameters in a full range and with full coverage, the anode potential can be output in real time, thereby improving the accuracy and timeliness of determining the risk level of lithium plating.
  • determining the lithium deposition risk level corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the lithium deposition amount and the lithium reinsertion ratio includes:
  • the risk level of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery.
  • the amount of irreversible lithium in the lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined based on the first performance parameter, and the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the amount of lithium deposition, irreversible lithium and lithium reinsertion ratio of the battery during the first charging process.
  • the accuracy of determining the amount of lithium deposition can be improved, and the degree of lithium deposition risk corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the degree of lithium deposition risk.
  • determining the lithium deposition risk level corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the lithium deposition amount and the lithium reinsertion ratio includes:
  • the risk level of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the accumulated lithium deposition amount corresponding to the total intermediate process of the battery.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application determines the amount of irreversible lithium in the lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery based on the first performance parameter, and determines the cumulative amount of irreversible lithium corresponding to the total charging process of the battery; determines the cumulative amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the total intermediate process of the battery according to the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the total charging process of the battery, the cumulative amount of irreversible lithium corresponding to the total charging process of the battery, and the lithium reinsertion ratio; takes the cumulative amount of lithium deposition into consideration when determining the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the amount of lithium deposition, determines the degree of lithium deposition risk corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the cumulative amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the total intermediate process of the battery, and improves the accuracy of determining the degree of lithium deposition risk.
  • the method includes:
  • early warning information is generated according to the risk level of lithium plating. Since the accuracy of determining the risk level of lithium plating is improved, the accuracy of the early warning is improved.
  • generating early warning information according to the risk level of lithium plating includes:
  • a warning message is generated. Since the accuracy of determining the risk level of lithium plating is improved, the accuracy of the warning is improved.
  • a training method for an anode potential model is provided, which is applied to the early warning method in the first aspect, and includes:
  • the battery Acquire property data and measurement data of the battery, and construct an electrochemical model according to the property data and the measurement data, wherein the measurement data includes a first performance parameter and an anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter;
  • the electrochemical model adjusted by model parameters and the neural network model adjusted by network parameters are determined as the anode potential model.
  • the electrochemical model can output simulation data more timely and the neural network model can predict the anode potential more accurately, thereby improving the accuracy and timeliness of determining the risk level of lithium plating.
  • an early warning device for a battery comprising:
  • a first acquisition module used to acquire a first performance parameter corresponding to a first charging process of the battery
  • a second acquisition module used to acquire a second performance parameter corresponding to a first intermediate process of the battery, wherein the first intermediate process is a process between the first charging process and the second charging process;
  • the first determination module is used to determine the lithium plating risk level corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the first performance parameter and the second performance parameter.
  • a training device for an anode potential model which is applied to the early warning method in the first aspect, and includes:
  • a third acquisition module configured to acquire property data and measurement data of the battery, and construct an electrochemical model according to the property data and the measurement data, wherein the measurement data includes a first performance parameter and an anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter;
  • a simulation module used to perform charge and discharge simulation based on the electrochemical model, obtain simulation data of the battery, and adjust model parameters of the electrochemical model;
  • An adjustment module used to input the simulation data as training samples into a neural network model, and adjust network parameters of the neural network model according to output results of the neural network model;
  • the second determination module is used to determine the electrochemical model adjusted by model parameters and the neural network model adjusted by network parameters as the anode potential model.
  • a terminal device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the early warning method for a battery as described in any one of the first aspect, or the training method for an anode potential model as described in the second aspect is implemented.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the early warning method for a battery as described in any one of the first aspect, or the training method for an anode potential model as described in the second aspect is implemented.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an early warning method for a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG2 is a schematic flow chart of an early warning method for a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic flow chart of a specific method of S203 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic flow chart of a specific method of S301 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic flow chart of a specific method of S403 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic flow chart of a specific method of S503 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a specific method of S303 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic flow chart of another specific method of S303 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic flow chart of a method for training an anode potential model provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of an early warning device for a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of an anode potential model training device provided in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second, etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
  • the term "and/or" is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two), and similarly, “multiple groups” refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces). "Several" means one or more than one, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
  • lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in electric vehicles due to their high energy density and long cycle life.
  • some adverse reactions inside the battery will seriously affect the battery's cycle life and safety performance.
  • the negative electrode lithium plating reaction is one of the most important factors causing battery aging.
  • the negative electrode lithium plating reaction occurs during the charging process of the battery, which means that the lithium ions from the positive electrode of the battery are reduced to lithium metal on the surface of the negative electrode and deposited on the surface of the negative electrode.
  • the existing battery early warning method can judge the risk of lithium plating when the battery is charging, but it cannot accurately determine the risk of lithium plating, which leads to deviations in battery early warning.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an early warning method for a battery, which determines the degree of lithium deposition risk corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to a first performance parameter corresponding to the first charging process of the battery and a second performance parameter corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the risk of lithium deposition of the battery. Since the accuracy of determining the risk of lithium deposition of the battery is improved, the accuracy of battery early warning is improved.
  • the battery warning method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be used to warn the batteries of various electrical devices.
  • the electrical devices can be, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, electric tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc.
  • FIG 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an early warning method for a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 10 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle.
  • the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a battery 101 is provided inside the vehicle 10, and the battery 101 can be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 10.
  • the battery 101 can be used to power the vehicle 10.
  • the battery 101 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 10.
  • the vehicle 10 may further include a controller 102 and a motor 103 .
  • the controller 102 is used to control the battery 101 to supply power to the motor 103 , for example, to meet the power requirements of starting, navigating, and driving the vehicle 10 .
  • the controller 102 is a battery management system (BMS), which is used to monitor the operating status of the battery and ensure the safe and reliable operation of the battery. It is used to monitor and collect battery status data in real time (including but not limited to battery temperature, battery state of charge (SOC), battery health (SOH), battery charge and discharge cycle times, charge and discharge rate, charge and discharge time, static time, battery voltage, battery loop current, battery pack terminal voltage, battery system insulation resistance, etc.), and perform necessary analysis and calculation on relevant status parameters to obtain more system status evaluation parameters, and realize effective control of the battery body according to specific protection control strategies to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the entire battery.
  • BMS battery management system
  • the terminal device 12 includes but is not limited to a server and a server cluster.
  • the terminal device 12 is connected to the controller 102 via a wireless connection to obtain the battery status parameters collected by the BMS.
  • the wireless connection method includes but is not limited to WiFi, Bluetooth, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device 12 can be called the big data process background, which is used to obtain the first performance parameter corresponding to the first charging process of the battery; obtain the second performance parameter corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery; and determine the lithium plating risk level corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery based on the first performance parameter and the second performance parameter.
  • FIG. 1 is only an exemplary description and cannot be interpreted as a specific limitation of the present application. For example, sensors, electronic power steering systems, etc. may also be included.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic flow chart of a battery warning method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the execution subject of the method in Figure 2 can be a terminal device. As shown in Figure 2, the method includes: S201 to S203.
  • the terminal device obtains a first performance parameter corresponding to a first battery charging process.
  • the charging process refers to the process of charging the battery
  • charging refers to the working process in which the battery receives electrical energy from an external circuit and converts it into chemical energy of the battery.
  • lithium ions are deintercalated from the positive electrode of the battery and embedded into the negative electrode through the electrolyte, and the negative electrode is in a lithium-rich state. After the battery consumes its energy through discharge, it can be discharged again through charging recovery, forming a charge and discharge cycle.
  • Charging methods include but are not limited to constant current charging, constant voltage charging, floating charging, trickle charging, rapid charging, or a combination of these methods, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the charging method.
  • a vehicle charging device When charging the battery of a vehicle, a vehicle charging device is required.
  • the charging device can be divided into an on-board charging device and an off-board charging device. Depending on the different ways of energy conversion when charging the vehicle, the charging device can be divided into contact type and inductive type.
  • the charging methods in the vehicle include but are not limited to slow charging, fast charging, battery replacement, wireless charging, mobile charging, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the vehicle charging device and the charging methods in the vehicle.
  • the first charging process refers to the process of charging the battery once, and is not limited to the initial charging process. For example, if a battery can be charged 1000 times, the first charging process can be the 1st charging process, the 30th charging process, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the first time in the first charging process refers to the number of charging times, which is closely related to the number of charge and discharge cycles.
  • a charge and discharge cycle refers to the process in which the battery completes a 100% complete discharge/charge. For example, the battery has 100% power, discharges to 0%, and then charges to 100%. This is a charge and discharge cycle. At this time, the battery has 1 charge and discharge cycle, and 1 charge.
  • a battery has 100% power. It is discharged to 40% for the first time, then charged to 100%, and then discharged to 60% and charged to 100% for the second time. These two uses together are also a complete charge and discharge cycle. At this time, the battery has a charge and discharge cycle of 1 time, and a charge number of 2 times.
  • a battery refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide a higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • a battery generally includes a box for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, and sodium-lithium-ion batteries, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cells may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or in other shapes, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells, and soft-pack battery cells, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the multiple battery cells when there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection.
  • a mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells are connected in series and in parallel.
  • Multiple battery cells can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells is accommodated in a box; of course, the battery can also be a battery module formed by connecting multiple battery cells in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in a box.
  • the battery can also include other structures.
  • the battery can also include a converging component for realizing electrical connection between multiple battery cells.
  • the first performance parameter includes, but is not limited to, the charging rate, SOC, charging time, battery temperature, SOH, number of charge and discharge cycles, number of charging times, and battery attribute data corresponding to the first charging process of the battery.
  • the charge rate is a measure of charging speed, which refers to the current value required for the battery to be charged to its rated capacity in a specified time.
  • the charge rate is usually represented by the symbol C.
  • 1C represents the current intensity when the battery is fully discharged in one hour.
  • a battery with a nominal discharge of 2200mA ⁇ h is discharged at a 1C intensity for one hour, and the discharge current is 2200mA.
  • Charging time refers to the duration of the first charging process.
  • the battery's state of charge (SOC), also known as the remaining capacity, is used to reflect the remaining capacity of the battery. Its value is defined as the ratio of the remaining capacity to the battery capacity.
  • the battery temperature refers to the phenomenon that the battery surface heats up due to chemical changes, electrochemical changes, electron migration and material transfer in the internal structure of the battery when the battery is in use.
  • the battery temperature in the embodiment of the present application refers to the temperature of the battery when it is charging.
  • Attribute data refers to battery cell design information, including at least one of the following parameters: battery size, positive and negative electrode material parameters, diaphragm material parameters, electrolyte material parameters, mobility, battery material parameters calculated using first principles, etc.
  • the battery management system can monitor the performance parameters corresponding to the battery charging process and upload them to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device stores the performance parameters.
  • the terminal device When issuing an early warning for the battery charging process, the terminal device obtains a first performance parameter corresponding to the first battery charging process from the stored data.
  • the terminal device obtains a second performance parameter corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery.
  • the first intermediate process is the process between the first charging process and the second charging process.
  • the intermediate process includes a discharge process and a rest process.
  • the discharge process refers to the process of discharging the battery.
  • Discharging refers to the process of converting the chemical energy of the battery into electrical energy.
  • the lithium ions embedded in the carbon layer of the negative electrode are released and move back to the positive electrode. The more lithium ions return to the positive electrode, the higher the discharge capacity.
  • the static process refers to the static process after the battery is discharged. Usually, the static process needs to be static for a preset time. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the preset time.
  • the second performance parameter in the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to the charging rate, SOC, charging time, battery temperature, SOH, number of charge and discharge cycles, number of charging times and attribute data corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery.
  • the battery management system can monitor the performance parameters corresponding to the intermediate process of the battery and upload them to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device stores the performance parameters.
  • a first performance parameter corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is obtained from the stored data.
  • the terminal device determines the risk level of lithium plating corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the first performance parameter and the second performance parameter.
  • the lithium plating risk level refers to the degree of battery aging caused by the negative electrode lithium plating reaction.
  • the lithium plating risk level can be represented by the symbol Score cari .
  • the lithium plating risk level is closely related to the first performance parameter and the second performance parameter.
  • the terminal device determines the lithium plating risk level corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery based on the first performance parameter and the second performance parameter.
  • the first performance parameter corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is obtained; the second performance parameter corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is obtained; and the risk level of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the first performance parameter and the second performance parameter. That is, the present application can determine the risk level of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the first performance parameter corresponding to the first charging process and the second performance parameter corresponding to the first intermediate process, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the risk of lithium deposition of the battery.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of a specific method of S203 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the execution subject of the method in Figure 3 can be a terminal device.
  • the method includes: S301 to S303.
  • the terminal device determines the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery according to the first performance parameter.
  • the amount of lithium deposition refers to the amount of lithium ions from the positive electrode of the battery that are reduced to lithium metal and deposited on the surface of the negative electrode when the negative electrode lithium deposition reaction occurs during the charging process of the battery.
  • the amount of lithium deposition during the first charging process can be represented by the symbol Q 1i , where i represents the number of charging times.
  • the causes of negative electrode lithium deposition reaction include: lithium deposition caused by insufficient negative electrode remainder; lithium deposition caused by charging mechanism; lithium deposition caused by abnormal lithium insertion path; lithium deposition caused by abnormal main material; lithium deposition at fixed position caused by special reasons.
  • lithium deposition caused by insufficient negative electrode surplus includes lithium deposition from insufficient conventional negative electrode, lithium deposition from the positive and negative surfaces, and lithium deposition from the positive electrode head coating that has not been thinned.
  • Lithium deposition caused by charging mechanism includes lithium deposition from low-temperature charging, lithium deposition from high-rate charging, and lithium deposition from overcharging.
  • Lithium deposition caused by abnormal lithium insertion path includes lithium deposition from wrinkled diaphragms, lithium deposition from deformed cells, lithium deposition from conventional formation without hot cold pressing before formation, and lithium deposition from clamp formation without pressure.
  • Lithium deposition caused by abnormal main materials includes lithium deposition caused by negative electrode pressure death, lithium deposition caused by insufficient electrolyte, lithium deposition caused by mismatched electrolyte, lithium deposition caused by direct volume separation without formation, and lithium deposition caused by excessive water content.
  • Lithium deposition in fixed positions caused by special reasons includes lithium deposition from lateral penetration, lithium deposition from longitudinal penetration, and lithium deposition from a certain winding or lamination. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the causes of negative electrode lithium deposition reactions.
  • the amount of lithium deposition when the battery is charged for the first time, if the battery produces a negative electrode lithium deposition reaction due to the above reasons, the amount of lithium deposition can be determined according to the first performance parameter of the battery.
  • the amount of lithium deposition is one of the indicators for determining the risk of lithium deposition.
  • the terminal device determines the lithium reinsertion ratio corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the second performance parameter.
  • the battery undergoes a lithium deposition reaction at the negative electrode.
  • the lithium metal on the surface of the negative electrode is called lithium dendrites, and the content is Q 1i .
  • Lithium dendrites are divided into reversible lithium and irreversible lithium.
  • part of the reversible lithium will be converted into lithium ions and migrate back to the anode, and the other part will temporarily stay at the negative electrode, while the irreversible lithium will no longer be converted into lithium ions and migrate back to the anode.
  • the lithium deposition risk level corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery refers to the ratio of the content of reversible lithium converted into lithium ions and migrated back to the positive electrode during the first intermediate process to the total content of reversible lithium generated on the negative electrode during the first charging process.
  • the lithium back-intercalation ratio can be represented by the symbol ⁇ i .
  • the terminal device determines the lithium reinsertion ratio corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the second performance parameter.
  • the lithium reinsertion ratio is one of the indicators for determining the risk level of lithium precipitation.
  • the lithium re-intercalation ratio is not taken into consideration, resulting in low accuracy in determining the lithium plating risk degree.
  • the lithium re-intercalation ratio is used as one of the indicators of the lithium plating risk degree, which can improve the accuracy of determining the lithium plating risk degree.
  • the terminal device determines the risk level of lithium plating corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the amount of lithium plating and the ratio of lithium reinsertion.
  • the lithium deposition amount refers to the lithium deposition amount corresponding to the first charging process of the battery.
  • the lithium back-insertion ratio refers to the lithium back-insertion ratio corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application can calculate the lithium deposition risk level corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the lithium deposition amount and the lithium reinsertion ratio, thereby improving the accuracy of calculating the lithium deposition risk level.
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the first performance parameter; the lithium re-intercalation ratio corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the second performance parameter; the degree of lithium deposition risk corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the amount of lithium deposition and the lithium re-intercalation ratio, that is, the embodiment of the present application can determine the degree of lithium deposition risk corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the amount of lithium deposition and the lithium re-intercalation ratio, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the lithium deposition risk of the battery.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic flow chart of a specific method of S301 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the execution subject of the method in Figure 4 can be a terminal device. As shown in Figure 4, the method includes: S401 to S403.
  • the terminal device obtains an anode potential according to a first performance parameter.
  • the anode potential is the electrode potential of the battery anode.
  • the electrode potential refers to the electrical effect of the electrode metal immersed in the electrolyte solution, that is, the potential difference between the surface of the metal and the solution. This potential difference is called the potential of the electrode metal in the solution or the electrode potential. To characterize.
  • the anode potential is closely related to the first performance parameter, and the terminal device can obtain the anode potential according to the first performance parameter.
  • the terminal device determines the critical lithium deposition potential corresponding to the first charging process of the battery according to the first performance parameter.
  • the critical lithium deposition potential is the minimum applied voltage at which lithium ions in the battery are reduced to lithium metal and deposited on the cathode surface.
  • the specific value of the critical lithium deposition potential varies depending on the type of battery electrode material.
  • Battery electrode materials include lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese oxide, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the type of electrode material.
  • the critical lithium deposition potential is related to the first performance parameter, and the terminal device can determine the critical lithium deposition potential based on the first performance parameter.
  • the critical lithium deposition potential can be represented by the symbol To characterize.
  • the terminal device determines the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery according to the anode potential and the critical lithium deposition potential.
  • the terminal device can calculate the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process according to the anode potential obtained in S301 and the critical lithium deposition potential obtained in S303.
  • the anode potential is obtained through the first performance parameter; the critical lithium deposition potential corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the first performance parameter; the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the anode potential and the critical lithium deposition potential.
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery can be determined quickly, in real time and accurately, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the risk of lithium deposition of the battery.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic flow chart of a specific method of S403 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the execution subject of the method in Figure 5 can be a terminal device. As shown in Figure 5, the method includes: S501 to S503.
  • the terminal device determines the polarization potential of the anode according to the anode potential and the critical lithium deposition potential.
  • the polarization potential refers to the difference between the anode potential and the critical potential for lithium deposition.
  • the difference between the anode potential and the critical lithium precipitation potential is calculated to determine the polarization potential.
  • the polarization potential can be characterized by the symbol ⁇ i .
  • the polarization potential can be calculated by the following formula:
  • ⁇ i represents the polarization potential
  • ⁇ i represents the anode potential
  • the terminal device determines a polarization current based on the polarization potential.
  • the polarization current is also called the absorption current, which is the current formed due to molecular polarization and electron drift.
  • the polarization current can be represented by the symbol j i .
  • Polarization in a battery refers to the phenomenon that the electrode potential changes due to the passage of current through the electrode. Therefore, when determining the polarization potential of the anode, the polarization current can be calculated by deriving the polarization potential.
  • the polarization potential of the anode at each moment can be calculated according to the anode potential and the critical lithium deposition potential, and then the polarization current corresponding to the polarization potential of the anode at each moment is calculated according to the polarization potential of the anode at each moment, forming a polarization current curve.
  • the polarization current curve can be expressed by the following formula:
  • polarization current is mostly measured by measuring equipment. Due to the reasons of the measuring equipment itself, human reasons or other reasons, the measured polarization current may be inaccurate. However, the embodiment of the present application calculates the polarization current by deriving the polarization current, so that the polarization current can be obtained more accurately.
  • the terminal device determines the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery according to the polarization current.
  • the methods for calculating the amount of lithium deposition in the prior art include the coulomb efficiency method, the battery expansion method, the static voltage method, etc., but the amount of lithium deposition calculated by these methods is inaccurate.
  • the present application calculates the amount of lithium deposition of the battery during the first charge based on the polarization current, which can improve the accuracy of the calculation result.
  • the polarization potential of the anode is determined according to the anode potential and the preset critical lithium deposition potential, and the polarization current is determined based on the polarization potential, which can improve the accuracy of determining the polarization current, and the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the polarization current, which can improve the accuracy of determining the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery, and improve the accuracy of determining the risk degree of lithium deposition.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic flow chart of a specific method of S503 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the execution subject of the method in Figure 6 can be a terminal device.
  • the method includes: S601 to S602.
  • the terminal device determines the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero in the polarization current.
  • the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero is the polarization current when the difference between the anode potential and the critical lithium deposition potential is less than zero.
  • the difference between the anode potential and the critical lithium deposition potential is calculated. If it is determined that the difference is less than zero, the polarization current corresponding to the polarization potential when the difference is less than zero is determined as the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero.
  • the terminal device determines the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery according to the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero and the charging time corresponding to the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero.
  • the terminal device determines that the polarization potential is less than zero, it records the charging time corresponding to the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero.
  • the charging time can be a continuous time. For example, at 14:20, it is determined that the polarization potential is greater than zero, from 14:21 to 14:28, it is determined that the polarization potential is less than zero, and at 14:29, it is determined that the polarization potential is greater than zero, then the time from 14:21 to 14:28 is determined as the charging time corresponding to the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero.
  • the charging time can also be the sum of multiple continuous time segments.
  • the polarization potential is judged to be greater than zero at 14:20, less than zero at 14:21 to 14:28, greater than zero at 14:29, less than zero at 14:30 to 14:37, and greater than zero at 14:38, then the sum of the two time periods from 14:21 to 14:28 and from 14:30 to 14:37 is determined as the charging time.
  • the charging time corresponding to the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero can be represented by the symbol ti .
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery can be calculated according to the following formula:
  • the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero is determined, which can improve the accuracy of determining the polarization current.
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined.
  • the charging time can be considered when determining the amount of lithium deposition and the accuracy of determining the amount of lithium deposition can be improved, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the risk degree of lithium deposition.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a specific method for obtaining an anode potential, and the execution subject of the method may be a terminal device.
  • the method includes:
  • the terminal device inputs the first performance parameter into the anode potential model to obtain the anode potential.
  • the anode potential model is determined by taking multiple sets of first performance parameters and anode potentials corresponding to the multiple sets of first performance parameters as training samples through multiple trainings. Therefore, the anode potential can be obtained by inputting the first performance parameter into the trained anode potential model.
  • the anode potential can be obtained quickly, in real time and accurately using the anode potential model.
  • the first performance parameter is input into the anode potential model to obtain the anode potential, which improves the accuracy of determining the anode potential and improves the accuracy of determining the risk degree of lithium plating.
  • the method of inputting the first performance parameter into a trained anode potential model to obtain the anode potential includes: inputting the first performance parameter into an electrochemical model and a neural network model for prediction to obtain the anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter.
  • the electrochemical model includes a quasi-two-dimensional model of lithium batteries (Pseudo Two Dimensions, P2D).
  • the establishment of the P2D model can include all the basic components of lithium-ion batteries, including electrodes (positive and negative electrodes), separators, electrolytes and current collectors.
  • the electrode material of the P2D model is composed of spherical particles, and the model does not consider the double layer effect. The conductivity of the positive and negative current collectors in this model is very high.
  • the neural network model includes a recurrent neural network RNN, a long short-term memory network LSTM, a graph neural network Transformer, etc., but the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the first performance parameter is input into the electrochemical model and the neural network model for prediction, and the anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter at each moment in the first charging process is obtained.
  • the anode potential change curve can be constructed based on the anode potential at each moment.
  • the first performance parameter includes the first performance parameter of batteries with various cell designs during the charging process.
  • the present application uses an electrochemical model to output the anode potentials corresponding to all the first performance parameters in a full range and with full coverage, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent determination of the risk of lithium deposition based on the anode potential.
  • the embodiment of the present application combines the electrochemical model with the neural network model, and utilizes the fast operation speed of the neural network to output the anode potential corresponding to all first performance parameters in a full range and full coverage, while outputting the anode potential in real time, thereby improving the accuracy and timeliness of determining the risk level of lithium plating.
  • the first performance parameter can be input into the electrochemical model and the neural network model for prediction, and the anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter can be obtained. While outputting the anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter in a full range and full coverage, the anode potential can be output in real time, thereby improving the accuracy and timeliness of determining the risk degree of lithium plating.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic flow chart of a specific method of S303 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the execution subject of the method in Figure 7 can be a terminal device. As shown in Figure 7, the method includes: S701 to S703.
  • the terminal device determines the amount of irreversible lithium in the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery based on the first performance parameter.
  • irreversible lithium is closely related to the property data and SOH of the battery.
  • the terminal device obtains the first performance parameter, the property data and SOH of the battery can be obtained.
  • the terminal device when the battery is in the first intermediate process after the first charging process, can determine the irreversible lithium amount in the lithium precipitation amount corresponding to the first charging process of the battery based on the attribute data and SOH.
  • the irreversible lithium amount can be represented by the symbol Q′ i .
  • the terminal device determines the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the amount of lithium deposition, irreversible lithium and lithium reinsertion ratio corresponding to the first charging process of the battery.
  • the terminal device can determine the amount of lithium plating corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the following formula:
  • Q 2i Q ′ i +(Q 1i -Q ′ i ) ⁇ (1- ⁇ i ).
  • Q2i is the amount of lithium precipitated corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery
  • Q′i is the amount of irreversible lithium corresponding to the first charging process of the battery
  • Q1i is the amount of lithium precipitated corresponding to the first charging process of the battery
  • ( Q1i - Q′i ) is the total content of reversible lithium corresponding to the first charging process of the battery
  • ⁇ i is the lithium back-insertion ratio corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery
  • ( Q1i - Q′i ) ⁇ (1- ⁇ i ) is the amount of reversible lithium that has not returned to the anode in the total content of reversible lithium corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery.
  • the terminal device determines the risk level of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery.
  • the terminal device can calculate the risk level of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery based on the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery.
  • the risk level of lithium plating corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is related to the relevant risk coefficient of the battery, and the terminal device can determine the relevant risk coefficient based on the attribute data in the first performance parameter.
  • the degree of lithium plating risk can be determined based on the amount of lithium plating and the lithium reinsertion ratio.
  • the embodiment of the present application quantifies the influence of the cell design on the negative electrode lithium deposition reaction as a related risk coefficient.
  • the related risk coefficient of the embodiment of the present application can be represented by the symbol Z.
  • the terminal device pre-stores a mapping relationship between the relevant risk coefficient and the attribute data.
  • the relevant risk coefficient corresponding to the attribute data can be determined according to the mapping relationship between the relevant risk coefficient and the attribute data.
  • the terminal device can determine the risk level of lithium plating corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the following formula:
  • Score cari ⁇ (Q 2i , Z).
  • Score cari represents the risk level of lithium plating corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery
  • Z is the relevant risk coefficient of the battery.
  • the technical solution of the present application by determining the amount of irreversible lithium in the lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery based on the first performance parameter, and determining the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the amount of lithium deposition, irreversible lithium and lithium reinsertion ratio of the battery during the first charging process, the accuracy of determining the amount of lithium deposition can be improved, and the degree of lithium deposition risk corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery can be determined according to the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the degree of lithium deposition risk.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic flow chart of another specific method of S303 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the execution subject of the method in Figure 8 can be a terminal device. As shown in Figure 8, the method includes: S801 to S803.
  • the terminal device determines the amount of irreversible lithium in the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery based on the first performance parameter, and determines the accumulated amount of irreversible lithium corresponding to the total charging process of the battery.
  • the method for determining the irreversible lithium amount in the lithium deposition amount corresponding to the first charging process of the battery in S801 is the same as that in S701, and will not be repeated here.
  • the total charging process refers to the charging process corresponding to the total number of charging times.
  • the first time in the first charging process refers to the 7th time
  • the total charging process refers to the total 7 charging processes.
  • the terminal device determines the cumulative amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the total intermediate process of the battery according to the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the total charging process of the battery, the cumulative amount of irreversible lithium corresponding to the total charging process of the battery, and the lithium reinsertion ratio.
  • the terminal device can determine the amount of lithium plating of the battery during the total intermediate process according to the following formula:
  • Q 3i is the cumulative amount of lithium precipitated during the total intermediate process of the battery
  • Q′ 1 is the irreversible lithium amount corresponding to the first charging process of the battery
  • Q′ 2 is the irreversible lithium amount corresponding to the second charging process of the battery
  • Q′ i-1 is the irreversible lithium amount corresponding to the i-1th charging process of the battery
  • Q′ i is the irreversible lithium amount corresponding to the first charging process of the battery
  • Q′ 1 +Q′ 2 +...Q′ i-1 +Q′ i is the cumulative irreversible lithium amount corresponding to the total charging process of the battery
  • Q 11 is the lithium precipitated amount corresponding to the first charging process of the battery
  • Q 12 is the lithium precipitated amount corresponding to the second charging process of the battery
  • Q 1i-1 is the lithium precipitated amount corresponding to the i-1th charging process of the battery
  • ⁇ 1 is the lithium back-intercalation ratio corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery
  • ⁇ 2 is the lithium back-intercalation
  • the terminal device determines the risk level of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the accumulated lithium deposition amount corresponding to the total intermediate process of the battery.
  • the terminal device calculates the risk level of lithium plating corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the accumulated lithium plating amount corresponding to the total intermediate process of the battery.
  • the risk level of lithium plating during the first intermediate process of the battery is related to the relevant risk coefficient of the battery, and the terminal device can determine the relevant risk coefficient according to the attribute data in the first performance parameter.
  • the terminal device can determine the risk level of lithium plating corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the following formula:
  • Score cari ⁇ (Q 3i ,Z).
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application determines the amount of irreversible lithium in the lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery based on the first performance parameter, and determines the cumulative amount of irreversible lithium corresponding to the total charging process of the battery; determines the cumulative amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the total intermediate process of the battery according to the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the total charging process of the battery, the cumulative amount of irreversible lithium corresponding to the total charging process of the battery, and the lithium reinsertion ratio; takes the cumulative amount of lithium deposition into consideration when determining the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the amount of lithium deposition, and determines the degree of lithium deposition risk corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the cumulative amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the total intermediate process of the battery, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the degree of lithium deposition risk.
  • the terminal device when it generates warning information, it can send the warning information to the BMS, and the BMS generates a warning signal after receiving the warning information.
  • the warning signal includes but is not limited to flashing warning lights, lighting warning icons, etc.
  • early warning information is generated according to the risk level of lithium plating. Since the accuracy of determining the risk level of lithium plating is improved, the accuracy of the early warning is improved.
  • early warning information is generated according to the risk level of lithium plating, including:
  • the lithium plating risk level is obtained by the method in FIG. 7 . If the lithium plating risk level is greater than a preset threshold, the method for generating early warning information includes:
  • the lithium plating risk level is obtained by the method in FIG8 . If the lithium plating risk level is greater than a preset threshold, the method for generating early warning information includes:
  • the preset threshold, the first threshold and the second threshold in the embodiment of the present application can be set according to the different designs of the battery cell, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the first threshold and the second threshold in the embodiment of the present application can be the same or different, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • a warning message is generated. Since the accuracy of determining the risk level of lithium plating is improved, the accuracy of the warning is improved.
  • the electrochemical model and the neural network model need to be trained so that the prediction result of the model is more accurate.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a training method for an anode potential model.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic flow chart of a training method for an anode potential model provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the execution subject of the method in Figure 9 may be a terminal device.
  • the method includes: S901 to S904.
  • the terminal device obtains attribute data and measurement data of the battery, and constructs an electrochemical model according to the attribute data and the measurement data.
  • the first performance parameter includes attribute data of the battery, and the terminal device can obtain the attribute data when obtaining the first performance parameter.
  • the measurement data in the embodiment of the present application is data obtained by measuring the three-electrode battery using a measuring tool, and the measurement data includes a first performance parameter and an anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter. Since the measurement data is obtained by measuring the three-electrode battery, the large error in the electrode potential caused by the polarization current can be excluded in subsequent calculations.
  • the three electrodes of the battery cell are the working electrode, the reference electrode and the auxiliary electrode.
  • the working electrode is also called the research electrode, which means that the reaction under study occurs on this electrode.
  • the auxiliary electrode is also called the counter electrode.
  • the auxiliary electrode and the working electrode form a loop to make the current on the working electrode flow smoothly to ensure that the reaction under study occurs on the working electrode, but it must not limit the response observed by the battery in any way.
  • the reference electrode is the electrode used as a reference comparison when measuring various electrode potentials.
  • the terminal device constructs an electrochemical model based on the battery cell design information, the measured first performance parameter, and the anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter.
  • the terminal device performs charge and discharge simulation based on the electrochemical model to obtain simulation data of the battery and adjust model parameters of the electrochemical model.
  • the first performance parameter and the anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter are input into an electrochemical model for charge and discharge simulation to obtain simulation data of the battery, wherein the simulation data includes the simulated first performance parameter and the anode potential corresponding to the simulated first performance parameter.
  • the simulation data includes the mapping relationship between the first performance parameter and the anode potential.
  • the simulation data is the experimental design data (Design Of Experiment, DOE).
  • DOE is a mathematical and statistical method for arranging experiments and analyzing experimental data.
  • the experimental design mainly arranges the experiments reasonably, obtains ideal experimental results and draws scientific conclusions with a smaller experimental scale (number of experiments), a shorter experimental cycle and a lower experimental cost.
  • Using DOE data a large number of first performance parameters and anode potential mapping relationships can be simulated with less measurement data.
  • the method for adjusting the model parameters of the electrochemical model is: adjusting the electrochemical model parameters according to the difference between the simulation data and the measurement data.
  • the difference between the simulation data and the measurement data is calculated. If the difference is within the preset numerical range, it proves that the model parameters have been adjusted. If the difference is not within the preset numerical range, the model parameters are adjusted until the difference is within the preset numerical range. The smaller the difference between the simulation data and the measurement data, the higher the accuracy of the electrochemical model and the more accurate the simulated data.
  • the preset numerical range is used to characterize the range in which the difference between the simulation data output by the electrochemical model and the measurement data is small.
  • the terminal device uses the simulation data as training samples, inputs them into the neural network model, and adjusts the network parameters of the neural network model according to the output results of the neural network model.
  • the training sample includes the simulated first performance parameter and the anode potential corresponding to the simulated first performance parameter.
  • the anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter in the embodiment of the present application can be referred to as the standard output result of inputting the first performance parameter into the neural network output.
  • the training samples are input into the initial neural network model to obtain the training output results output by the initial neural network model.
  • the global error of this round of training is calculated based on the training output results and the standard output results.
  • the global error of this round of training can be calculated based on the training output result and the standard output result, and it can be determined whether the global error meets the preset first condition, such as whether the global error is less than 5%.
  • the preset first condition can be determined when training a specific neural network model.
  • the preset first condition can be set as the global error is less than a specific threshold, and the specific threshold can be a percentage value. The smaller the specific threshold, the more stable the neural network layer obtained after the final training, and the higher the prediction accuracy.
  • a loss function may be used to calculate the global error, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the loss function.
  • the network parameters of the neural network are adjusted, and the neural network model after the network parameters are adjusted is determined as the initial neural network model, and the step of inputting the training sample into the initial neural network model to obtain the training output result output by the initial neural network model and subsequent steps are returned; if the global error meets the first condition, it is determined that the training of the neural network model is completed.
  • the network parameters of the neural network model can be adjusted, and the neural network model after the network parameters are adjusted is determined as the initial neural network model, and then the training samples are re-trained, so as to minimize the global error subsequently calculated based on the training output results and the corresponding standard output results by repeatedly adjusting the network parameters of the neural network model and conducting multiple training sample trainings, until the final global error meets the preset first condition.
  • the terminal device determines the electrochemical model after the model parameters are adjusted and the neural network model after the network parameters are adjusted as the anode potential model.
  • the terminal device determines the electrochemical model and the neural network model processed by S902 and S903 as the anode potential model.
  • the electrochemical model can output simulation data more accurately and the neural network model can predict the anode potential more accurately, thereby improving the accuracy and timeliness of subsequent determination of the risk level of lithium plating.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an early warning device for a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application, the device comprising:
  • the first acquisition module 101 is used to acquire a first performance parameter corresponding to a first charging process of a battery.
  • the second acquisition module 102 is used to acquire a second performance parameter corresponding to a first intermediate process of the battery, where the first intermediate process is a process between a first charging process and a second charging process.
  • the first determination module 103 is used to determine the lithium plating risk level corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the first performance parameter and the second performance parameter.
  • the first performance parameter corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is obtained; the second performance parameter corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is obtained; and the risk level of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the first performance parameter and the second performance parameter. That is, the present application can determine the risk level of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the first performance parameter corresponding to the first charging process and the second performance parameter corresponding to the first intermediate process, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the risk of lithium deposition of the battery.
  • the first determination module 103 is further used to determine the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery according to the first performance parameter;
  • the risk level of lithium plating corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined.
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the first performance parameter; the lithium re-intercalation ratio corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the second performance parameter; the degree of lithium deposition risk corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the amount of lithium deposition and the lithium re-intercalation ratio, that is, the embodiment of the present application can determine the degree of lithium deposition risk corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the amount of lithium deposition and the lithium re-intercalation ratio, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the lithium deposition risk of the battery.
  • the first determination module 103 is further configured to obtain the anode potential according to the first performance parameter
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined.
  • the anode potential is obtained through the first performance parameter; the critical lithium deposition potential corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the first performance parameter; the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the anode potential and the critical lithium deposition potential.
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery can be determined quickly, in real time and accurately, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the risk of lithium deposition of the battery.
  • the first determination module 103 is further used to determine the polarization potential of the anode according to the anode potential and the critical lithium deposition potential;
  • the polarization current is determined
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined.
  • the polarization potential of the anode is determined according to the anode potential and the preset critical lithium deposition potential, and the polarization current is determined based on the polarization potential, which can improve the accuracy of determining the polarization current, and the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined according to the polarization current, which can improve the accuracy of determining the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery, and improve the accuracy of determining the risk degree of lithium deposition.
  • the first determination module 103 is further used to determine, in the polarization current, the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero;
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined based on the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero and the charging time corresponding to the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero.
  • the polarization current when the polarization potential is less than zero is determined, which can improve the accuracy of determining the polarization current.
  • the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined.
  • the charging time can be considered when determining the amount of lithium deposition and the accuracy of determining the amount of lithium deposition can be improved, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the risk degree of lithium deposition.
  • the first determination module 103 is further configured to input the first performance parameter into the anode potential model to obtain the anode potential.
  • the first performance parameter is input into the anode potential model to obtain the anode potential, which improves the accuracy of determining the anode potential and improves the accuracy of determining the risk degree of lithium plating.
  • the anode potential model includes an electrochemical model and a neural network model
  • the first determination module 103 is further used to input the first performance parameter into the electrochemical model and the neural network model for prediction to obtain the anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter.
  • the first performance parameter can be input into the electrochemical model and the neural network model for prediction to obtain the anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter. While outputting the anode potentials corresponding to all the first performance parameters in a full range and with full coverage, the anode potential can be output in real time, thereby improving the accuracy and timeliness of determining the risk level of lithium plating.
  • the first determining module 103 is further used to determine the amount of irreversible lithium in the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery based on the first performance parameter;
  • the risk level of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined based on the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery.
  • the amount of irreversible lithium in the lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery is determined based on the first performance parameter, and the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined according to the amount of lithium deposition, irreversible lithium and lithium reinsertion ratio of the battery during the first charging process.
  • the accuracy of determining the amount of lithium deposition can be improved, and the degree of lithium deposition risk corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery can be determined according to the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the degree of lithium deposition risk.
  • the first determination module 103 is further used to determine the amount of irreversible lithium in the amount of lithium precipitation corresponding to the first charging process of the battery based on the first performance parameter, and determine the cumulative amount of irreversible lithium corresponding to the total charging process of the battery;
  • the risk level of lithium plating corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery is determined based on the accumulated lithium plating amount corresponding to the total intermediate process of the battery.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application determines the amount of irreversible lithium in the lithium deposition corresponding to the first charging process of the battery based on the first performance parameter, and determines the cumulative amount of irreversible lithium corresponding to the total charging process of the battery; determines the cumulative amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the total intermediate process of the battery according to the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the total charging process of the battery, the cumulative amount of irreversible lithium corresponding to the total charging process of the battery, and the lithium reinsertion ratio; takes the cumulative amount of lithium deposition into consideration when determining the amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the first intermediate process, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the amount of lithium deposition, determines the degree of lithium deposition risk corresponding to the first intermediate process of the battery according to the cumulative amount of lithium deposition corresponding to the total intermediate process of the battery, and improves the accuracy of determining the degree of lithium deposition risk.
  • the device further includes an early warning module 104 for generating early warning information according to the risk level of lithium plating.
  • early warning information is generated according to the risk level of lithium plating. Since the accuracy of determining the risk level of lithium plating is improved, the accuracy of the early warning is improved.
  • the early warning module 104 is further configured to generate early warning information if the risk level of lithium plating is greater than a preset threshold.
  • a warning message is generated. Since the accuracy of determining the risk level of lithium plating is improved, the accuracy of the warning is improved.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a training device for an anode potential model provided in an embodiment of the present application, the device comprising:
  • the third acquisition module 111 is used to acquire property data and measurement data of the battery and construct an electrochemical model according to the property data and the measurement data, wherein the measurement data includes a first performance parameter and an anode potential corresponding to the first performance parameter.
  • the simulation module 112 is used to perform charge and discharge simulation based on the electrochemical model, obtain simulation data of the battery, and adjust model parameters of the electrochemical model.
  • the adjustment module 113 is used to input the simulation data as training samples into the neural network model, and adjust the network parameters of the neural network model according to the output results of the neural network model.
  • the second determination module 114 is used to determine the electrochemical model after the model parameters are adjusted and the neural network model after the network parameters are adjusted as the anode potential model.
  • the electrochemical model can output simulation data more accurately and the neural network model can predict the anode potential more accurately, thereby improving the accuracy and timeliness of subsequent determination of the risk level of lithium plating.
  • the technicians in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration.
  • the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
  • the functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a terminal device 200, including a memory 21, a processor 22, and a computer program 23 stored in the memory 21 and executable on the processor 22.
  • the processor 22 executes the computer program 23, the early warning method for the battery or the training method of the anode potential model of the above-mentioned embodiments is implemented.
  • the processor 22 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.
  • the memory 21 may be an internal storage unit of the terminal device 200.
  • the memory 21 may also be an external storage device of the terminal device 200, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), etc. equipped on the terminal device 200. Further, the memory 21 may also include both an internal storage unit of the terminal device 200 and an external storage device.
  • the memory 21 is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the terminal device 200.
  • the memory 21 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program.
  • the computer program When executed by a processor, it implements the early warning method for the battery or the training method of the anode potential model of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product.
  • the computer program product When the computer program product is executed on a mobile terminal, the mobile terminal implements the battery early warning method or the anode potential model training method of the above embodiments.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the present application implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, which can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program.
  • the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments can be implemented.
  • the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may at least include: any entity or device that can carry the computer program code to the camera/terminal device, recording medium, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • electric carrier signal telecommunication signal and software distribution medium.
  • USB flash drive mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disk.
  • computer-readable storage media cannot be electric carrier signals and telecommunication signals.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present application.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un appareil d'avertissement précoce pour une batterie, et un dispositif terminal et un support de stockage. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes: l'acquisition d'un premier paramètre de performance correspondant à un premier processus de charge d'une batterie; l'acquisition d'un second paramètre de performance correspondant à un premier processus intermédiaire de la batterie; et en fonction du premier paramètre de performance et du second paramètre de performance, la détermination du degré d'un risque de précipitation de lithium correspondant au premier processus intermédiaire de la batterie. C'est-à-dire, dans la présente invention, selon un premier paramètre de performance correspondant à un premier processus de charge et un second paramètre de performance correspondant à un premier processus intermédiaire, le degré d'un risque de précipitation de lithium correspondant au premier processus intermédiaire d'une batterie peut être déterminé, permettant ainsi d'améliorer la précision de la détermination d'un risque de précipitation de lithium de la batterie.
PCT/CN2022/132613 2022-11-17 2022-11-17 Procédé et appareil d'avertissement précoce pour batterie, et dispositif terminal et support de stockage WO2024103346A1 (fr)

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PCT/CN2022/132613 WO2024103346A1 (fr) 2022-11-17 2022-11-17 Procédé et appareil d'avertissement précoce pour batterie, et dispositif terminal et support de stockage
CN202280006698.0A CN118369585A (zh) 2022-11-17 2022-11-17 用于电池的预警方法、装置、终端设备和存储介质

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110161417A (zh) * 2019-05-28 2019-08-23 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 一种基于三电极体系的锂离子电池析锂量化分析方法
CN111077456A (zh) * 2019-12-25 2020-04-28 深圳市比克动力电池有限公司 一种锂离子电池析锂的无损检测方法
CN112703125A (zh) * 2020-08-10 2021-04-23 华为技术有限公司 一种锂电池的析锂检测方法及装置
CN114089193A (zh) * 2021-10-19 2022-02-25 清华大学 电池的温度和负极电位在线估计方法、装置和计算机设备

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110161417A (zh) * 2019-05-28 2019-08-23 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 一种基于三电极体系的锂离子电池析锂量化分析方法
CN111077456A (zh) * 2019-12-25 2020-04-28 深圳市比克动力电池有限公司 一种锂离子电池析锂的无损检测方法
CN112703125A (zh) * 2020-08-10 2021-04-23 华为技术有限公司 一种锂电池的析锂检测方法及装置
CN114089193A (zh) * 2021-10-19 2022-02-25 清华大学 电池的温度和负极电位在线估计方法、装置和计算机设备

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