WO2024069702A1 - Conveyance system, conveyance control method, and program - Google Patents

Conveyance system, conveyance control method, and program Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024069702A1
WO2024069702A1 PCT/JP2022/035718 JP2022035718W WO2024069702A1 WO 2024069702 A1 WO2024069702 A1 WO 2024069702A1 JP 2022035718 W JP2022035718 W JP 2022035718W WO 2024069702 A1 WO2024069702 A1 WO 2024069702A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
transport
transport vehicle
unit
status
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2022/035718
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
康幸 三浦
将也 阿蘓
Original Assignee
株式会社LexxPluss
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社LexxPluss filed Critical 株式会社LexxPluss
Priority to PCT/JP2022/035718 priority Critical patent/WO2024069702A1/en
Priority to JP2023541047A priority patent/JP7481058B1/en
Publication of WO2024069702A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024069702A1/en
Priority to JP2024067491A priority patent/JP7504527B1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G1/00Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a transport system, a transport control method, and a program.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses that the transport robot transports a cart according to the state of the cart recognized by a sensor such as a camera mounted on the transport robot.
  • a sensor such as a camera mounted on the transport robot.
  • the state of the cart cannot be recognized for a long time, which creates an issue that the transport robot cannot transport the cart efficiently.
  • the present disclosure has been made in consideration of at least one of the problems described above, and its purpose is to provide a transport system and a transport control method that can more efficiently transport objects, such as carts, within a work area.
  • a transport system including a transport vehicle that transports an object to be transported, and a central control device that controls the operation of the transport vehicle, the transport vehicle including a vehicle position estimation unit that estimates a vehicle position of the transport vehicle, a target command receiving unit that receives a target command from the central control device regarding at least a destination position, a route position, and a travel route of the transport vehicle, a transported object detection sensor that senses the presence or absence of the transported object, and a sensing information transmitting unit that transmits sensing information regarding the presence or absence of the transport vehicle sensed by the transported object detection sensor to the control device, and the central control device includes a sensing information receiving unit that receives the sensing information.
  • a transport system comprising: a receiving unit; a map recording unit which records map information of the work area of the transport vehicle; a status determination unit which determines, based on the sensing information and the map information, that an area where sensing has not been performed for a predetermined period of time has an unknown status; a command generation unit which generates target commands regarding at least one of a destination position, a route position, and a traveling route of the transport vehicle in accordance with information regarding the area with an unknown status; and a command transmission unit which transmits the generated target commands to the transport vehicle, wherein the transport vehicle is equipped with a transport vehicle control unit which controls the traveling of the transport vehicle in accordance with the estimated vehicle position and the target commands.
  • a transport control method using an overall control device that controls the operation of a transport vehicle that transports transported goods comprising the steps of: recording map information of the working area of the transport vehicle; acquiring sensing information regarding the presence or absence of the transported goods detected by a transported goods detection sensor mounted on the transport vehicle; determining that an area where sensing has not been performed for a predetermined period of time or more has an unknown status based on the sensing information and the map information; generating a target command regarding at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and traveling route of the transport vehicle in accordance with information regarding the area with an unknown status; and transmitting the generated target command to the transport vehicle.
  • a program for causing a computer to execute a transportation method using an overall control device that controls the operation of a transport vehicle that transports transported goods including, as the transportation method, a step of recording map information of the working area of the transport vehicle, a step of acquiring sensing information regarding the presence or absence of the transported goods detected by a transported goods detection sensor mounted on the transport vehicle, a step of determining that an area where sensing has not been performed for a predetermined period of time or more has an unknown status based on the sensing information and the map information, a step of generating a target command regarding at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and traveling route of the transport vehicle in accordance with information regarding the area with an unknown status, and a step of transmitting the generated target command to the transport vehicle.
  • the present disclosure provides a transport system and a transport control method that can more efficiently transport objects, such as carts, within a work area.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a hardware configuration of a transport vehicle according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a bottom view showing an example of a hardware configuration of the transport vehicle according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration when a transport vehicle and a towing cart according to the present embodiment are coupled together.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating another example of a hardware configuration when the transport vehicle and the towing cart according to the present embodiment are coupled together.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an overall configuration diagram of a conveying system according to an embodiment of the present invention; 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating an operation area and an operation example of a transport vehicle according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an overall configuration diagram of a conveying system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating an operation area and an operation example of a transport vehicle according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a functional configuration of a transport vehicle according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a functional configuration diagram of an integrated control device according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of changing the operation of the transport system according to the embodiment.
  • 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating an operation area and an operation example of a transport vehicle according to the present embodiment.
  • 13 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the guide line and the transport vehicle when the guide line detection unit detects the two-dimensional code that constitutes the guide line.
  • FIG. 13 is a bottom view showing the positional relationship between the guide line and the transport vehicle when the guide line detection unit detects the magnetic tape that constitutes the guide line.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the hardware configuration of the transport vehicle according to this embodiment.
  • Arrow 15 in Figure 1 indicates the direction of travel of the transport vehicle.
  • the transport vehicle 10 is equipped with a coupling section 11 for switching between a coupled and uncoupled state with the cart, a transported object detection sensor 121 for detecting transported objects around the transport vehicle, drive wheels 13, and non-drive wheels 14.
  • the upper surface of the transport vehicle is equipped with a connecting portion 11 and a transported object detection sensor 121.
  • the connecting portion 11 is, for example, an actuator, and is configured such that when connecting to a trolley, the actuator extends upward to connect to a connecting receiving portion (not shown) on the trolley side, and when disconnecting, the actuator retracts to disconnect the connecting portion from the connecting receiving portion on the trolley side.
  • the connecting portions 11 are arranged at four positions surrounding the drive wheels 13 of the transport vehicle on a flat surface, and can be connected to the trolley at four points. In this embodiment, an example having four connecting portions is described, but the number of connecting portions does not necessarily have to be four, and any number greater than one can be selected.
  • the transported goods detection sensor 121 is a device that detects the distance from the transport vehicle to an object including a transported goods.
  • the transported goods detection sensor 121 include a laser distance sensor (such as LiDAR (Light detection and ranging)) that measures the distance and direction to an object by emitting laser light and measuring the time it takes for it to hit the object and bounce back, a millimeter wave radar that detects the distance to an object based on a millimeter wave transmission signal and a received signal that is reflected by the object and returns, and a camera-type distance sensor that measures the distance to an object by photographing the object with a camera and analyzing the photographed image.
  • a laser distance sensor such as LiDAR (Light detection and ranging)
  • a millimeter wave radar that detects the distance to an object based on a millimeter wave transmission signal and a received signal that is reflected by the object and returns
  • a camera-type distance sensor that measures the distance to an object by photographing the object with a camera and analyzing the photographed image
  • the transported goods detection sensor 121 is disposed on the top surface of the transport vehicle in front of the traveling direction, but instead, it may be disposed on the front side in the traveling direction. Also, it may be disposed not only in front but also on the rear side in the traveling direction or on both the left and right sides.
  • the transported object detection sensor 121 may be configured to detect objects in a 360-degree range around the transport vehicle, but is configured to detect objects at least forward in the travel direction 15 of the transport vehicle.
  • Drive wheels 13 are provided on the bottom of the transport vehicle at both the left and right sides in the direction of travel 15 of the transport vehicle, and non-driven wheels 14 are provided in front of and behind each of the drive wheels 13.
  • the drive wheels 13 are wheels that are connected to the rotating shaft of a wheel drive unit 135 composed of a motor or the like and are driven.
  • the right drive wheel and the left drive wheel are each controlled individually, and by individually controlling the rotation speed and rotation direction of each drive wheel, it is possible to make the transport vehicle run in a curve or turn the transport vehicle on the spot to change direction.
  • the non-driven wheels 14 are wheels that are not driven and rotate passively as the transport vehicle moves due to the drive wheels 13.
  • the non-driven wheels 14 have, for example, a fork that fixes the wheel and axle, and the fork is composed of a rotating caster that is rotatably connected to the bottom member of the transport vehicle. Therefore, the wheel rotation direction of the non-driven wheels 14 changes passively according to the direction of travel and rotation of the transport vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the hardware configuration of a transport vehicle with two driven wheels and four non-driven wheels at the four corners, but the present invention is not limited to this hardware configuration, and it is also possible to adopt a configuration with a total of four wheels, two driven wheels and two non-driven wheels, and it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the front wheels in the four-wheel configuration are steerable.
  • the guide line detection unit 16 that detects the guide line can also be provided on the bottom of the transport vehicle.
  • the guide line detection unit 16 is preferably provided further forward in the direction of travel of the transport vehicle than the drive wheels 13. This makes it easier for the transport vehicle to follow the guide line when traveling around a curved guide line, and also allows the transport vehicle and the towing cart to receive information from the guide line as soon as they move forward, allowing them to quickly execute processing such as stopping.
  • the guide line detection unit uses a sensor that corresponds to the type of guidance method as described above. If the guidance method is an electromagnetic induction method, a pickup coil is used as the sensor for the guide line detection unit. If the guidance method is an electromagnetic induction method, a magnetic sensor is used if the magnetic induction method is used, and a camera is used if the image recognition method is used.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of the hardware configuration when the transport vehicle and towing cart according to this embodiment are coupled, specifically showing an example in which the transport vehicle 10 is coupled to the cart while slipping underneath the cart that is being transported.
  • a mortar-shaped coupling receiver is placed on the bottom of the cart at a position corresponding to the cone-shaped coupling part 11, and the coupling part 11 can be extended upward to couple with the cart, and can be released from the coupling with the cart by contracting the coupling part 11.
  • Figure 4 shows another example of the hardware configuration when the transport vehicle and the towing dolly according to this embodiment are coupled.
  • the transport vehicle is coupled to the dolly while being located next to the dolly 2000.
  • the dolly has a connection receiving part 2010 that connects to at least a part of the connection part 11 of the transport vehicle, and can be coupled to the dolly by extending the connection part 11 upward, and can be released from the dolly by contracting the connection part 11.
  • the connection part 11 composed of an actuator or the like on the upper surface of the transport vehicle is expanded and contracted in the vertical direction to couple and release the connection with the dolly, but the method of coupling the transport vehicle and the dolly is not limited to this, and other coupling methods may be used.
  • the transported object coupled to the transport vehicle is not limited to the dolly, and may be, for example, a pallet or shelf without wheels.
  • the transport vehicle slips under the pallet or shelf and is coupled in a state in which the pallet or shelf is raised.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the transport system according to this embodiment.
  • the transport system 1000 includes a plurality of transport vehicles (10a, 10b), a dolly 2000 which is a transported object, a control device 3000 which can display the state of the transport vehicle or input a command to the transport vehicle, a general control device 4000 which manages information required for the operation of the transport vehicle, an input/output device 5000 which displays information of the general control device and inputs information to the general control device, a fixed transport object detection sensor 8000 which acquires an image within the operating area, senses the presence or absence of a transport object such as a dolly, and the presence or absence of a specified load on the transport vehicle, and transmits the sensing information to the general control device, and a communication network 6000 which communicably connects the plurality of transport vehicles (10a, 10b), the control device 3000, the general control device 4000, and the fixed transport object
  • the transport system 1000 can also be connected to an external system 7000 via the communication network 6000.
  • the transport system 1000 When the transport system 1000 is introduced into a manufacturing factory to transport parts required for manufacturing from a storage facility to a manufacturing line, the transport system 1000 performs inter-system coordination with a manufacturing management system as the external system 7000. In this case, by obtaining information regarding the operational progress of the manufacturing work from the manufacturing management system, the transport volume and transport route by the transport vehicle can be dynamically adjusted according to the progress of the manufacturing work.
  • the transport system 1000 will perform inter-system coordination with the logistics management system as the external system 7000.
  • the transport volume and transport route by the transport vehicle can be changed.
  • transport vehicles 10a, 10b
  • each transport vehicle is connected to other transport vehicles and other components via a communication network 6000 so that they can communicate with each other.
  • the transport vehicles transmit various detection information detected by their own detection units and other control information to the control device 3000, the overall control device 4000, and other transport vehicles 10.
  • the transport vehicle 10 is also electrically connected to the trolley 2000 or connected to it so that it can communicate with it via short-range communication means, and is configured to be able to receive information about the connection state and trolley identification information from the trolley.
  • the control device 3000 has a function to display status information of a specified transport vehicle and a function to input commands to a specified transport vehicle.
  • the status information of the transport vehicle displayed on the control device includes information on the charge level of the battery that is installed in the transport vehicle and serves as the power source for the transport vehicle, and identification information of the cart that accompanies the transport vehicle.
  • commands to be input to the transport vehicle include command information regarding the destination of the transport vehicle, operational commands for coupling and uncoupling from the cart, commands to start the transport vehicle, commands to stop the transport vehicle, and commands to return to the charging station.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the operation area 160 of a transport vehicle according to this embodiment.
  • four transport vehicles (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d) and three carts (2000a, 2000b, 2000c) exist in the operation area 160, and four work areas (161 to 164) are defined within the operation area 160.
  • objects such as carts and pallets to specified positions in order to coordinate with on-site work by workers and conveyors.
  • it is necessary to transport the objects so that the workers can pick up the luggage placed on the objects without moving by stopping the carts at a position to coordinate with the belt conveyor or by pulling up next to the work position of the workers.
  • the first work areas 162, 163, and 164 are areas where workers load the baggage A onto the cart 2000
  • the second work area 161 is an area where workers unload the baggage A from the cart 2000. Therefore, the multiple transport vehicles 10 perform the tasks of towing the cart loaded with the baggage in the first work areas 162, 163, and 164 to transport the cart to the second work area 161, and collecting the empty cart in the second work area 161 and transporting it to the first work areas 162, 163, and 164.
  • the transport vehicle 10 senses information on the presence or absence of transported objects in the surrounding area by the transported object detection sensor 121 mounted on the transport vehicle itself, and transmits the sensing information to the general control device 4000 via the communication network 6000.
  • a fixed transported object detection sensor 8000 is installed in the first work area 162, and the fixed transported object detection sensor senses the presence or absence of a cart in the first work area 162, and in addition to the presence or absence of a cart, whether or not cargo A is loaded on the cart, and transmits the sensing information to the overall control device 4000 via the communication network 6000.
  • the present invention can be applied not only to a conveying system that conveys luggage A on a cart on the way from one side to the other side, but also to a conveying system that conveys luggage B (e.g., cardboard boxes or packaging waste) different from luggage A on a cart on the way back from the other side to one side.
  • the first work areas 162, 163, 164 are defined as areas where a worker unloads luggage B from the cart 2000 and loads luggage A onto the cart
  • the second work area 161 is defined as an area where a worker unloads luggage A from the cart 2000 and loads luggage B onto the cart.
  • Fig. 7 is a diagram showing a functional configuration of the transport vehicle 10 according to this embodiment.
  • the transport vehicle 10 includes a communication unit 110 that communicates with a dolly 2000 outside the transport vehicle and a communication network 6000, a detection unit 120, a transport vehicle control unit 130, a recording unit 140, a coupling unit 11, and a wheel drive unit 135.
  • the recording unit 140 has the function of recording information received from the outside by the communication unit 110, detection information detected by the detection unit 120, and control information output by the transport vehicle control unit 130.
  • the communication unit 110 includes a sensing information transmission unit 111, a target command receiving unit 112, and a transport vehicle status transmission unit 113.
  • the sensing information transmission unit 111 transmits sensing information regarding the presence or absence of a transported object sensed by the transported object detection sensor 121, the presence or absence of a specified load on the transported object, etc., to the general control device 4000 via the communication network 6000.
  • the sensing information includes not only information regarding the presence or absence of a transported object and the presence or absence of a specified load on the transported object, but also information that can identify the position within the operation area where the presence or absence of the transported object was sensed, or information regarding the presence or absence of an obstacle around the transported object.
  • information that can identify the position within the operation area may include at least one of information regarding the detection range of the transported object detection sensor when the presence or absence of the transported object is sensed by the transported object detection sensor, information regarding the position of the transport vehicle detected by the self-position estimation unit 122, or information regarding the sensing time.
  • the target command receiver 112 receives a target command from the overall control device 4000.
  • This target command is a target command related to at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and travel route of the transport vehicle, and may include identification information of the cart to be transported and location information of the destination of the cart.
  • the transport vehicle control unit controls the transport vehicle in response to the target command.
  • the transport vehicle status transmission unit 113 transmits information about the transport vehicle status, including whether or not there is a task assigned to the transport vehicle, as determined by the task management unit 133, to the general control device 4000 via the communication network 6000.
  • the detection unit 120 includes a transported goods detection sensor 121, a self-position estimation unit 122, a baggage detection sensor 123, and a guide line detection unit 16.
  • the transported goods detection sensor 121 is composed of a laser distance sensor (such as LiDAR (Light detection and ranging)) that measures the distance and direction to an object such as a transported goods or an obstacle by emitting a laser light and measuring the time it takes for the light to hit the object and bounce back, a millimeter wave radar that detects the distance to an object based on a millimeter wave transmission signal and a received signal that is reflected by the object and returns, or a camera-type distance sensor that measures the distance to an object by photographing the object with a camera and analyzing the photographed image.
  • a laser distance sensor such as LiDAR (Light detection and ranging)
  • a millimeter wave radar that detects the distance to an object based on a millimeter wave transmission signal and a received signal that is reflected by the object and returns
  • the transported goods detection sensor 121 can also detect the presence or absence of a transported goods based on the detection results of the above-mentioned sensors. Furthermore, the transported goods detection sensor 121 can detect the presence or absence of obstacles around the transported goods. The transported object detection sensor 121 can distinguish between specific transported objects, such as carts, pallets, and shelves, to be transported by the transport vehicle and obstacles other than transported objects, based on shape information of the detected object, or read information of a code attached to the transported object, or detection information on whether the detected transported object has a connection to the transport vehicle.
  • specific transported objects such as carts, pallets, and shelves
  • the self-position estimation unit 122 can, for example, detect the travel distance and direction of the vehicle, and estimate the position of the vehicle in the entire operating area 160 based on the detection information and map information of the entire operating area 160 recorded in the recording unit 220. Alternatively, it is also possible to estimate the position of the vehicle in the entire operating area based on information on the distance and direction from the vehicle to an object measured by the transported object detection sensor 121, and map information of the entire area recorded in the recording unit 220. Alternatively, when the vehicle is traveling on a guidance line composed of a two-dimensional code, it is also possible to estimate the position of the vehicle in the entire operating area based on the identification information of the two-dimensional code and the above-mentioned map information.
  • the luggage detection sensor 123 may be configured, for example, with a camera, and may detect that a specific luggage is loaded on the transported item by reading code information attached to the luggage.
  • the luggage detection sensor 123 may be configured, for example, with a tag information reading sensor, and may detect that a specific luggage is loaded on the transported item by reading information from a wireless communication tag such as an RFID attached to the luggage.
  • the luggage detection sensor 123 may be configured, for example, with a laser distance sensor such as LiDAR or an optical sensor such as a ToF sensor, or a camera, and may detect the presence or absence of luggage on the transported item.
  • the guidance line detection unit 16 uses a sensor according to the type of guidance method.
  • the guidance method is an electromagnetic induction method
  • a pickup coil is used as the sensor for the guidance line detection unit.
  • a magnetic sensor is used.
  • the image recognition method is used, a camera is used.
  • the guidance line detection unit detects the guidance line when it is located directly above the guidance line and outputs a detection signal.
  • position information is generated based on information from the detected code in addition to the detection signal for the guidance line, and further image information of the code is used to generate relative angle information between the guidance line and the transport vehicle.
  • the transport vehicle control unit 130 includes a drive control unit 131, a connection control unit 132, a task management unit 133, and a mode switching unit 134.
  • the drive control unit 131 controls the wheel drive unit 135 so that the self-position of the transport vehicle follows the target command based on the information on the destination position, intermediate position, and travel route of the transport vehicle included in the target command received by the target command receiving unit 112 and the information on the self-position estimated by the self-position estimation unit 122.
  • the transport vehicle can be made to travel in a curve with an arbitrary trajectory radius or the transport vehicle can be rotated to change its direction, so that the position of the transport vehicle can follow the target position, etc. included in the target command.
  • the right wheel drive unit and the left wheel drive unit are, for example, composed of motors.
  • the coupling control unit 132 When the coupling control unit 132 receives a target command including the identification information of the cart to be transported and the position information of the destination of the cart, it controls the operation of the coupling unit 11 to control coupling/uncoupling with the specified cart or other transported object. In other words, when a target command such as "transport cart 2000c in the first work area 164 to the second work area 161" is received, a coupling operation with cart 2000c is performed in the first work area 164, and after towing the cart 2000c to the second work area 161, a uncoupling operation with cart 2000c is performed.
  • a target command such as "transport cart 2000c in the first work area 164 to the second work area 161"
  • the task management unit 133 recognizes the task execution status of the target command based on the target command received by the target command receiving unit 112 and the operation history executed by the drive control unit 131 and the connection control unit 132. For example, if a task based on the target command has not been executed or is being executed, it determines that there is an incomplete task, and if all tasks based on the target command have been executed, it determines that there are no incomplete tasks. Information on the transport vehicle status recognized by the task management unit 133 is transmitted to the overall control device 4000 by the transport vehicle status transmitting unit 113.
  • the mode switching unit 134 switches the driving mode of the transport vehicle between the guided driving mode and the autonomous driving mode. For example, when the guided line detection unit 16 detects a guided line, the mode is switched to the guided driving mode, and when the transport vehicle reaches a pre-set area for the autonomous driving mode, the mode is switched to the autonomous driving mode.
  • Fig. 8 shows a configuration diagram of the overall control device 4000 in this embodiment.
  • the overall control device 4000 includes a map recording unit 4010, a command generating unit 4020, a guided vehicle task management unit 4030, a status determination unit 4040, and a communication unit 4050.
  • the communication unit 4050 also includes a sensing information receiving unit 4051, a target command transmitting unit 4052, and a guided vehicle status receiving unit 4053.
  • the sensing information receiving unit 4051 receives sensing information transmitted from the sensing information transmitting units 111 of the multiple transport vehicles 10 and sensing information transmitted from the fixed transported object detection sensor 8000 via the communication network 6000.
  • the sensing information may include not only information regarding the presence or absence of a transported object, and whether or not the transported object is carrying a specified cargo, but also at least one of the following information: information regarding the detection range of the transported object detection sensor when the transported object detection sensor senses the presence or absence of a transported object, information regarding the position of the transport vehicle detected by the self-position estimating unit 122, or information regarding the sensing time.
  • the target command transmission unit 4052 transmits the target command generated by the command generation unit 4020 to the desired transport vehicle 10.
  • the transport vehicle status receiving unit 4053 receives information on the transport vehicle status, including the execution status of tasks of each transport vehicle, from the transport vehicle status transmitting units 113 of multiple transport vehicles 10 via the communication network 6000.
  • the transport vehicle status is information that can be used to determine, for example, whether there are any incomplete tasks or no incomplete tasks.
  • the map recording unit 4010 records map information of the operation area 160.
  • the map information recorded in the map recording unit 4010 is generated, for example, based on object position information obtained by transported object detection sensors of multiple transport vehicles and historical information on the travel positions of the transport vehicles. Alternatively, the map information can be input in advance by the user.
  • the status determination unit 4040 manages the status of the trolleys for each of the multiple areas (e.g., work areas 161, 162, 163) defined within the operating area 160 based on the sensing information received by the sensing information receiving unit 4051 from the transport vehicle and fixed camera.
  • the sensing information receiving unit 4051 receives sensing information that detects the presence of a trolley within the work area 164 and that the trolley is carrying a specific load to be transported from the work area 164 (when it is defined that an empty trolley is to be transported from the work area 164, if it receives sensing information that detects that the trolley has no load), it sets the status of the work area 164 to "transportable state".
  • the sensing information receiving unit 4051 receives sensing information that detects at least one of the following: that there is no cart in the working area 164, that there is a cart in the working area 164 and the cart does not have a specific load on it (if it is defined that an empty cart is to be transported from the working area 164, the cart has load on it), or that there is a cart in the working area 164 and there is an obstacle around the cart, the cart cannot be automatically transported, so the status of the working area 164 is set to "transportation not possible state".
  • the information on the area and the status can be notified to the control device 3000 or the like to the worker, and the worker can be prompted to remove factors that prevent automatic transport, such as a state in which the specific load is not loaded on the transported object, a state in which the load to be unloaded is still loaded, or a state in which there are obstacles around the transported object.
  • the status of the work area 164 is determined to be "unknown".
  • the above three types of status are updated according to the content of the received sensing information and the situation in which no sensing information is received for a predetermined time or more.
  • the criterion for determining the status as "unknown” can be that a predetermined reference time has elapsed since the last sensing information was received as described above, but it can also be that a dynamically changed reference time has elapsed since the last sensing information was received.
  • a unique reference time may be set for each work area.
  • the status can be determined to be "unknown” when a predetermined event has occurred, such as the occurrence of an earthquake or the intrusion of a worker into the area.
  • the status determination unit 4040 determines the status including the information on whether the specific item is loaded, which is included in the sensing information.
  • the status of the work area 164 is set to "baggage present and transportable state".
  • the work area 164 is defined as an area for transporting empty carts, for example, when sensing information is received that detects that there is a cart in the work area 164 and that the cart is not carrying any cargo, the status of the work area 164 is set to "no cargo and ready for transport.”
  • the vehicle task management unit 4030 manages the task status assigned to each vehicle. For example, in the operation area shown in FIG. 6, if a target command is sent from the general control device to the vehicle 10a to transport an object in the first working area 162 to the second working area 161, and the vehicle status receiving unit 4053 does not receive from the vehicle 10a a notification that the task corresponding to the target command has been completed, the vehicle status is determined to be "with uncompleted task”. Also, if the vehicle status receiving unit 4053 receives from the vehicle 10a a notification that the task corresponding to the target command has been completed, or if a target command has not been output to the vehicle 10a, the vehicle status is determined to be "without uncompleted task".
  • the command generating unit 4020 generates a target command for each transport vehicle.
  • the command generating unit 4020 generates a target command including a position where the area with the status "unknown” can be sensed by a transported object detection sensor mounted on the transport vehicle as at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and travel route of the transport vehicle in order to move the transport vehicle near an area with the status "unknown” in the status determination unit 4040 and quickly grasp the information on the presence or absence of a cart in the area.
  • the transport vehicle task management unit 4030 generates the above-mentioned target specification for a transport vehicle with the status of "no uncompleted tasks", thereby making it possible to effectively utilize a transport vehicle with the status of "no uncompleted tasks", that is, a resting transport vehicle, to sense the situation in the area with the status unknown without affecting the task execution of the currently ongoing transport vehicle.
  • the target command generated by the command generating unit 4020 is transmitted to the desired transport vehicle 10 via the target command transmitting unit 4052.
  • the command generating unit 4020 may generate a target command including a position where the area determined to be “untransportable” by the status determining unit 4040 can be sensed by a transported object detection sensor mounted on the transport vehicle as at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and travel route of the transport vehicle, so as to direct the transport vehicle to the vicinity of an area determined to be “untransportable” by the status determining unit 4040.
  • the efficiency of the transport system can be further improved by controlling the transport vehicle so that such areas can be preferentially sensed by the transport vehicle.
  • the command generation unit 4020 may generate a target command that includes a position that can be sensed by a transported object detection sensor mounted on the transport vehicle as at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and travel route of the transport vehicle, in an area where the status has not been updated for a longer period of time than other areas, so that the transport vehicle is preferentially directed to the vicinity of an area where the status has not been updated for a longer period of time.
  • Fig. 9 is a diagram showing an example of changing the operation of the transport system according to the present embodiment.
  • the transport vehicle senses the transported object in a number of areas defined within the operating area 160, and transmits the sensing information to the overall control device (S101). Furthermore, the fixed transported object detection sensor senses the transported object in its own sensing range, and transmits the sensing information to the overall control device (S301). The overall control device receives the transported object sensing information from the transport vehicle and the fixed transported object detection sensor (S201).
  • the overall control device updates the status of each area in the status determination unit based on the received sensing information (S202).
  • the task execution status of the transport vehicle is confirmed in the transport vehicle task management unit (S203).
  • the command generation unit generates a target command for the transport vehicle, and the target command transmission unit transmits a target generation command to transport vehicles that have no incomplete tasks (S204).
  • the transport vehicle receives a target command from the central control device (S102). Then, in accordance with the received target command, the vehicle's travel is controlled, and the transport task is performed to transport the transported item or the task of sensing the presence or absence of the transported item in the area is performed (S103).
  • the overall control device receives from the transport vehicle via the transport vehicle status receiving unit that the task based on the target command has been completed, and updates the transport vehicle's task via the transport vehicle task management unit (S205).
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the operation area and the operation of the transport vehicle according to this embodiment.
  • the transport system according to one embodiment of the present invention can more efficiently grasp the state of the transported object in an area with a status of "unknown” where the presence or absence of the transported object has not been sensed for a reference time or more among a plurality of areas defined in the operation area (or the state of the transport vehicle in an area determined to be in a "transport unavailable state", or the state of the transport vehicle in an area where the status has not been updated for a long time) by using a sensor mounted on the transport vehicle.
  • a sensor mounted on the transport vehicle In the example shown in FIG.
  • the general control device issues a target command to the transport vehicle 10d to set the vicinity of the working area 163 as either a destination position, a via position, or a travel route, thereby causing the transport vehicle 10d to approach the vicinity of the working area 163, so that the transported object detection sensor 121 mounted on the transport vehicle 10d can more efficiently sense the state of the transported object in the working area 163 where the status is "unknown” or "transport unavailable", or where the status has not been updated for a long time.
  • the status determination unit selects one of three statuses, "transportable state”, “untransportable state”, and “unknown”, as the status for multiple areas within the operating area, or further divides the "transportable state” into “baggage present and transportable state” and “no baggage present and transportable state” and selects one of four statuses, "baggage present and transportable state", “no baggage present and transportable state", "untransportable state", and "unknown”.
  • the status determination unit may select one of four statuses, "transportable vehicle present and transportable state", “transportable vehicle present and untransportable state”, “no transportable vehicle”, and “unknown”, based on the detection result of the presence or absence of a transport vehicle in multiple areas, and generate a target command that includes a position where a work area with the status "unknown” or "transportable vehicle present and untransportable state” can be sensed by a transport object detection sensor mounted on the transport vehicle as at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and travel route of the transport vehicle.
  • areas where highly accurate transport work is required such as stopping in a specified manner or linking with other equipment such as belt conveyors (e.g., work areas 161, 162, 163, 164), are defined as guided driving areas, and guide lines are laid so that the transport vehicle can travel using a guided method, while other areas are defined as autonomous driving areas, and it is desirable to allow the transport vehicle to travel to a specified destination using an autonomous driving method based on previously acquired map information, even if there are no guide lines.
  • Figure 11 shows the positional relationship between the guide line and the transport vehicle when the guide line detection unit 16 detects the two-dimensional code that constitutes the guide line 1110.
  • the guide line is a two-dimensional plane on which multiple two-dimensional codes with code information are printed, as shown in two-dimensional code 1000, and are printed side by side in the direction in which the guide line is laid.
  • the guide line detection unit 16 detects a two-dimensional code, it can obtain the position information of the two-dimensional code based on the code information obtained from the two-dimensional code.
  • Figure 12 shows the positional relationship between the guide line and the transport vehicle when the magnetic tape that constitutes the guide line 1110 is detected by the guide line detection unit 16.
  • the guide line detection unit 16 shown in Figure 12 is configured to have multiple magnetic sensors 17 that detect the magnetic tape arranged horizontally in the direction of travel of the transport vehicle. Each of the multiple magnetic sensors 17 provided in the guide line detection unit 16 outputs a detection signal indicating whether or not a magnetic tape has been detected.
  • the devices described in this specification may be realized as a single device, or may be realized by multiple devices (e.g., cloud servers) partially or completely connected via a network.
  • the vehicle control unit 130 and recording unit 140 of the vehicle may be realized by different servers connected to each other via a network.
  • the control device 3000, the overall control device 4000, the input/output device 5000, and the fixed transported object detection sensor 8000 are each configured as separate hardware connected via a network, but some or all of the functions of the control device 3000, the overall control device 4000, and the input/output device 5000 may be implemented in the transport vehicle 10.
  • the series of processes performed by the device described in this specification may be realized using software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • a computer program for realizing each function of the transport vehicle control unit 130 according to this embodiment may be created and implemented in a PC or the like.
  • a computer-readable recording medium on which such a computer program is stored may also be provided. Examples of the recording medium include a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, and a flash memory.
  • the above computer program may also be distributed, for example, via a network, without using a recording medium.
  • a transport system including a transport vehicle that transports an object and an overall control device that controls the operation of the transport vehicle,
  • the transport vehicle is a vehicle position estimating unit that estimates a vehicle position of the transport vehicle; a target command receiving unit that receives a target command related to at least one of a destination position, a route position, and a travel route of the transport vehicle from the integrated control device;
  • a detection unit that senses a state of the transported object; a sensing information transmission unit that transmits sensing information regarding the state of the transport vehicle sensed by the detection unit to the control device
  • the integrated control device includes: a sensing information receiving unit that receives the sensing information;
  • a map recording unit that records map information of a work area of the transport vehicle; a status determination unit that determines, based on the sensing information and the map information, that an area in which sensing has not been performed for a predetermined or dynamically changeable reference time period or longer is in an unknown status;
  • a command includes: a sensing information receiving unit that receives
  • (Item 2) Item 1, a transport system comprising: The sensing information received by the sensing information receiving unit includes information capable of identifying the presence or absence of the transport vehicle and a position where the presence or absence of the transported object is sensed, The status determination unit updates the status of the transported object in a plurality of areas defined within the work area based on the sensing information and the map information.
  • (Item 3) Item 2.
  • the transport system according to item 2, the status determination unit includes at least three statuses for each of the plurality of areas, namely, “transportable state”, “untransportable state”, and “unknown”,
  • a transport system comprising: a transport device that updates the status in response to the received sensing information.
  • Item 3 Item 3.
  • the transport system is characterized in that the command generation unit generates the target command including a position at which the detection unit can sense an area where the status is ⁇ unknown'' or an area where the detection status has not been updated for a second specified time that is shorter than the specified time, as at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and traveling route of the conveying vehicle. (Item 5) 5.
  • the transport system includes a plurality of the transport vehicles, the plurality of transport vehicles include a transport vehicle having an incomplete task based on the target command received from the central control device, and a transport vehicle having no incomplete task based on the target command received from the central control device;
  • the transport system is characterized in that the detection unit has a conveying object detection sensor that detects the presence or absence of the conveying object, and a baggage detection sensor that senses whether a specified baggage is carried on the conveying object.
  • the detection unit has a conveying object detection sensor that detects the presence or absence of the conveying object, and a baggage detection sensor that senses whether a specified baggage is carried on the conveying object.
  • the transport system according to item 2, A conveying system characterized in that the status determination unit generates a detection status for each of the multiple areas, the detection status including at least four statuses: "baggage present and transportable,””no baggage present and transportable,””transport not possible,” and "unknown.”
  • Item 8 Item 1, a transport system comprising: The transport system further includes a fixed transport object detection sensor that senses a state of the transport object and is fixed to equipment within the work area;
  • the conveying system is characterized in that the status determination unit and the command generation unit determine an area of unknown status where sensing has not been performed for a predetermined or simultaneously changeable reference time or longer, based on sensing information regarding the state of the conveyed object sensed by the fixed conveyed object detection sensor and the conveyed object detection sensor.
  • a transportation method using an integrated control device that controls the operation of a transportation vehicle that transports an object A step of recording map information of a working area of the transport vehicle and a step of acquiring sensing information regarding a state of the transported object detected by a detection unit mounted on the transport vehicle; determining, based on the sensing information and the map information, that an area in which sensing has not been performed for a predetermined or dynamically changeable reference time period or longer is in an unknown status; generating a target command for at least one of a destination position, a route position, and a travel route of the transport vehicle in response to information about the area whose status is unknown; and transmitting the generated target command to the transportation vehicle.
  • a program for causing a computer to execute a transportation method using an integrated control device that controls the operation of a transportation vehicle that transports an object includes the following steps as the conveying method: A step of recording map information of a working area of the transport vehicle and a step of acquiring sensing information regarding a detection portion of the transported object detected by a transported object detection sensor mounted on the transport vehicle; determining, based on the sensing information and the map information, that an area in which sensing has not been performed for a predetermined or dynamically changeable reference time period or longer is in an unknown status; generating a target command for at least one of a destination position, a route position, and a travel route of the transport vehicle in response to information about the area whose status is unknown; transmitting the generated target command to the carrier vehicle; A program that causes a computer to execute the following.
  • 10 Transport vehicle; 11: Connection portion; 121: Transported object detection sensor; 13: Drive wheel; 14: Non-drive wheel; 16: Guide line detection portion; 17: Magnetic sensor; 110: communication unit, 120: detection unit, 130: transport vehicle control unit, 140: recording unit, 160: operation area, 161, 162, 163, 164: working area, 210 communication unit, 220 recording unit, 230 detection unit, 240 input unit, 250 display unit, 260 control unit, 1110: Guide line, 2000: Cart, 2010: Connection receiving unit, 3000: Control device, 4000: Overall control device, 4010: Map recording unit, 4020: Command generating unit, 4030: Transport vehicle task management unit, 4040: Status determining unit, 5000: Input/output device, 6000: Communication network, 7000: External system, 8000: Fixed transport object detection sensor

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

[Problem] It has been disclosed that the work of conveying a dolly with a conveyance robot is performed in accordance with the state of the dolly recognized by a sensor, such as a camera mounted on the conveyance robot. However, there is the problem that in an area through which the conveyance robot does not frequently pass, a situation may arise in which the state of the dolly cannot be recognized for a long time, and the operation of conveying the dolly with the conveyance robot cannot be efficiently performed. [Solution] The conveyance system according to the present disclosure comprises a conveyance vehicle that conveys a conveyed item, and an integrated control device that controls the operation of the conveyance vehicle. The conveyance system is characterized in that: the conveyance vehicle comprises a vehicle position estimation unit that estimates the vehicle position of the conveyance vehicle, a command reception unit that receives, from the integrated control device, a command related to at least any of the destination position, go-through position, and travel path of the conveyance vehicle, a detection unit that senses the state of the conveyed item, and a sensing state transmission unit that transmits, to the control device, sensing information related to the position at which the sensing by the detection unit has been executed; the integrated control device comprises a sensing information reception unit that receives the sensing information, a map recording unit that records map information of a work area of the conveyance vehicle, a status determination unit that determines an area in which sensing has not been executed for a predetermined or dynamically changeable reference time or more as status unknown on the basis of the sensing information and the map information, a command generation unit that generates a target command related to at least any of the destination position, go-through position, and travel path of the conveyance vehicle in accordance with information related to the status-unknown area, and a command transmission unit that transmits the generated target command to the conveyance vehicle; and the conveyance vehicle comprises a conveyance vehicle control unit that controls the traveling of the vehicle in accordance with the estimated vehicle position and the target command.

Description

搬送システム、搬送制御方法およびプログラムTRANSPORT SYSTEM, TRANSPORT CONTROL METHOD, AND PROGRAM
 本開示は、搬送システム、搬送制御方法およびプログラムに関する。 This disclosure relates to a transport system, a transport control method, and a program.
 近年、工場や倉庫内などの施設内における荷物の搬送に自律走行可能な搬送車を活用することが実用化されている。また、荷物を搭載した台車を認識して目的位置まで搬送し、更に、荷物を搭載していない空台車を認識して空台車置き場にまで搬送する搬送ロボットシステムが、例えば特許文献1などに開示されている。 In recent years, the use of autonomous transport vehicles to transport cargo within facilities such as factories and warehouses has come into practical use. A transport robot system that recognizes a cart loaded with cargo and transports it to the destination, and further recognizes an empty cart that does not have cargo loaded on it and transports it to an empty cart storage area, is disclosed, for example, in Patent Document 1.
特開2010-55444号公報JP 2010-55444 A
 特許文献1に記載された技術では、搬送ロボットに搭載されたカメラなどのセンサにより認識した台車の状態に応じて、搬送ロボットによる台車の搬送作業を行うことが開示されている。しかし、搬送ロボットが頻繁に通過しないエリアでは、台車の状態を長時間認識できない状態が発生し、搬送ロボットによる台車の搬送動作を効率的に行えない、という課題があった。 The technology described in Patent Document 1 discloses that the transport robot transports a cart according to the state of the cart recognized by a sensor such as a camera mounted on the transport robot. However, in areas where the transport robot does not pass frequently, the state of the cart cannot be recognized for a long time, which creates an issue that the transport robot cannot transport the cart efficiently.
 そこで、本開示は上記の少なくともいずれかの問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、作業エリア内の台車などの搬送対象物の搬送作業をより効率的に行うことができる、搬送システム、及び搬送制御方法を提供することである。 The present disclosure has been made in consideration of at least one of the problems described above, and its purpose is to provide a transport system and a transport control method that can more efficiently transport objects, such as carts, within a work area.
本開示によれば、搬送物を搬送する搬送車と、当該搬送車の動作を制御する統括制御装置と、を備える搬送システムであって、前記搬送車は、前記搬送車の自車位置を推定する自車位置推定部と、前記統括制御装置から少なくとも前記搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路のすくなくともいずれかに関する目標指令を受信する目標指令受信部と、前記搬送物の有無をセンシングする搬送物検出センサと、前記搬送物検出センサによるセンシングした前記搬送車の有無に関するセンシング情報を前記制御装置に送信するセンシング情報送信部と、を備え、前記統括制御装置は、前記センシング情報を受信するセンシング情報受信部と、前記搬送車の作業エリアのマップ情報を記録するマップ記録部と、前記センシング情報と前記マップ情報に基づいて、所定時間以上センシングが実行されていないエリアをステータス不明と判定するステータス判定部と、当該ステータス不明のエリアに関する情報に応じて、前記搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかに関する目標指令を生成する指令生成部と、生成した前記目標指令を前記搬送車に送信する指令送信部と、を備え、前記搬送車は、推定した前記自車位置と前記目標指令に応じて自車の走行を制御する搬送車制御部を備える、ことを特徴とする搬送システム、が提供される。
あるいは、本開示によれば、搬送物を搬送する搬送車の動作を制御する統括制御装置を用いた搬送制御方法であって、前記搬送車の作業エリアのマップ情報を記録するステップと、前記搬送車に搭載された搬送物検出センサにより検出される前記搬送物の有無に関するセンシング情報を取得するステップと、前記センシング情報と前記マップ情報に基づいて、所定時間以上センシングが実行されていないエリアをステータス不明と判定するステップと、当該ステータス不明のエリアに関する情報に応じて前記搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかに関する目標指令を生成するステップと、生成した前記目標指令を前記搬送車に送信するステップと、を備えることを特徴とする搬送制御方法、が提供される。
あるいは、本開示によれば、搬送物を搬送する搬送車の動作を制御する統括制御装置を用いた搬送方法をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムであって、前記プログラムは、前記搬送方法として、前記搬送車の作業エリアのマップ情報を記録するステップと、前記搬送車に搭載された搬送物検出センサにより検出される前記搬送物の有無に関するセンシング情報を取得するステップと、前記センシング情報と前記マップ情報に基づいて、所定時間以上センシングが実行されていないエリアをステータス不明と判定するステップと、当該ステータス不明のエリアに関する情報に応じて前記搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかに関する目標指令を生成するステップと、生成した前記目標指令を前記搬送車に送信するステップと、をコンピュータに実行させるプログラム、が提供される。
According to the present disclosure, there is provided a transport system including a transport vehicle that transports an object to be transported, and a central control device that controls the operation of the transport vehicle, the transport vehicle including a vehicle position estimation unit that estimates a vehicle position of the transport vehicle, a target command receiving unit that receives a target command from the central control device regarding at least a destination position, a route position, and a travel route of the transport vehicle, a transported object detection sensor that senses the presence or absence of the transported object, and a sensing information transmitting unit that transmits sensing information regarding the presence or absence of the transport vehicle sensed by the transported object detection sensor to the control device, and the central control device includes a sensing information receiving unit that receives the sensing information. A transport system is provided, comprising: a receiving unit; a map recording unit which records map information of the work area of the transport vehicle; a status determination unit which determines, based on the sensing information and the map information, that an area where sensing has not been performed for a predetermined period of time has an unknown status; a command generation unit which generates target commands regarding at least one of a destination position, a route position, and a traveling route of the transport vehicle in accordance with information regarding the area with an unknown status; and a command transmission unit which transmits the generated target commands to the transport vehicle, wherein the transport vehicle is equipped with a transport vehicle control unit which controls the traveling of the transport vehicle in accordance with the estimated vehicle position and the target commands.
Alternatively, according to the present disclosure, there is provided a transport control method using an overall control device that controls the operation of a transport vehicle that transports transported goods, comprising the steps of: recording map information of the working area of the transport vehicle; acquiring sensing information regarding the presence or absence of the transported goods detected by a transported goods detection sensor mounted on the transport vehicle; determining that an area where sensing has not been performed for a predetermined period of time or more has an unknown status based on the sensing information and the map information; generating a target command regarding at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and traveling route of the transport vehicle in accordance with information regarding the area with an unknown status; and transmitting the generated target command to the transport vehicle.
Alternatively, according to the present disclosure, there is provided a program for causing a computer to execute a transportation method using an overall control device that controls the operation of a transport vehicle that transports transported goods, the program including, as the transportation method, a step of recording map information of the working area of the transport vehicle, a step of acquiring sensing information regarding the presence or absence of the transported goods detected by a transported goods detection sensor mounted on the transport vehicle, a step of determining that an area where sensing has not been performed for a predetermined period of time or more has an unknown status based on the sensing information and the map information, a step of generating a target command regarding at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and traveling route of the transport vehicle in accordance with information regarding the area with an unknown status, and a step of transmitting the generated target command to the transport vehicle.
 本開示によれば、作業エリア内の台車などの搬送対象物の搬送作業をより効率的に行うことができる、搬送システム、及び搬送制御方法を提供することができる。 The present disclosure provides a transport system and a transport control method that can more efficiently transport objects, such as carts, within a work area.
本実施形態に係る搬送車のハードウェア構成例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a hardware configuration of a transport vehicle according to the present embodiment. 本実施形態に係る搬送車のハードウェア構成例を示す下面図である。FIG. 2 is a bottom view showing an example of a hardware configuration of the transport vehicle according to the embodiment. 本実施形態に係る搬送車と牽引台車が結合された際のハードウェア構成の一例を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration when a transport vehicle and a towing cart according to the present embodiment are coupled together. 本実施形態に係る搬送車と牽引台車が結合された際のハードウェア構成の他の一例を示す図である。FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating another example of a hardware configuration when the transport vehicle and the towing cart according to the present embodiment are coupled together. 本実施形態に係る搬送システムの全体構成図の一例を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an overall configuration diagram of a conveying system according to an embodiment of the present invention; 本実施形態に係る動作エリアと搬送車の動作例を示す図である。1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating an operation area and an operation example of a transport vehicle according to the present embodiment. 本実施形態に係る搬送車の機能構成図を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a functional configuration of a transport vehicle according to the present embodiment. 本実施形態における統括制御装置の機能構成図である。FIG. 2 is a functional configuration diagram of an integrated control device according to the present embodiment. 本実施形態に係る搬送システムの動作を変更する一例を示す図である。FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of changing the operation of the transport system according to the embodiment. 本実施形態に係る動作エリアと搬送車の動作例を示す図である。1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating an operation area and an operation example of a transport vehicle according to the present embodiment. 誘導ライン検出部により誘導ラインを構成する二次元コードを検知した際の誘導ラインと搬送車の位置関係を示す図である。13 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the guide line and the transport vehicle when the guide line detection unit detects the two-dimensional code that constitutes the guide line. FIG. 誘導ライン検出部により誘導ラインを構成する磁気テープを検知した際の誘導ラインと搬送車の位置関係を示す下面図である。13 is a bottom view showing the positional relationship between the guide line and the transport vehicle when the guide line detection unit detects the magnetic tape that constitutes the guide line. FIG.
 以下に添付図面を参照しながら、本開示の好適な実施の形態について詳細に説明する。なお、本明細書及び図面において、実質的に同一の機能構成を有する構成要素については、同一の符号を付することにより重複説明を省略する。 Below, a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Note that in this specification and drawings, components having substantially the same functional configuration are designated by the same reference numerals to avoid redundant description.
 図1乃至図4を用いて搬送車及び牽引される台車のハードウェア構成を説明する。図1は、本実施形態に係る搬送車のハードウェア構成例を示す斜視図である。図1の矢印15は搬送車の進行方向を示している。図1に示す通り、搬送車10は、台車との連結と非連結状態を切り替えるための連結部11、搬送車周辺の搬送物を検出する搬送物検出センサ121、駆動輪13、非駆動輪14を備えている。 The hardware configuration of the transport vehicle and the towed cart will be described using Figures 1 to 4. Figure 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the hardware configuration of the transport vehicle according to this embodiment. Arrow 15 in Figure 1 indicates the direction of travel of the transport vehicle. As shown in Figure 1, the transport vehicle 10 is equipped with a coupling section 11 for switching between a coupled and uncoupled state with the cart, a transported object detection sensor 121 for detecting transported objects around the transport vehicle, drive wheels 13, and non-drive wheels 14.
また、搬送車の上面側には、連結部11と、搬送物検出センサ121が搭載されている。連結部11は、例えばアクチュエータで構成され、台車と連結する場合にはアクチュエータを上側に伸ばして台車側の連結受け部(図示しない)と連結し、連結を解除する場合にはアクチュエータを縮めて連結部と台車側の連結受け部との連結を解除できるように構成されている。また、連結部11は、平面上で搬送車の駆動輪13を取り囲む4か所の位置に配置され、台車と4か所で連結可能となっている。本実施形態では4つの連結部を有する例を説明するが、連結部の数は必ずしも4個である必要は無く、1個以上の任意の数を選択可能である。 The upper surface of the transport vehicle is equipped with a connecting portion 11 and a transported object detection sensor 121. The connecting portion 11 is, for example, an actuator, and is configured such that when connecting to a trolley, the actuator extends upward to connect to a connecting receiving portion (not shown) on the trolley side, and when disconnecting, the actuator retracts to disconnect the connecting portion from the connecting receiving portion on the trolley side. The connecting portions 11 are arranged at four positions surrounding the drive wheels 13 of the transport vehicle on a flat surface, and can be connected to the trolley at four points. In this embodiment, an example having four connecting portions is described, but the number of connecting portions does not necessarily have to be four, and any number greater than one can be selected.
 搬送物検出センサ121は、搬送車から搬送物を含む物体までの距離を検出する装置である。搬送物検出センサ121の一例としては、レーザー光を照射して物体に当たって跳ね返ってくるまでの時間を計測することで物体までの距離や方向を計測するレーザー距離センサ(LiDAR(Light detection and ranging)など)、ミリ波の送信信号と物体に反射して戻ってくる受信信号に基づいて物体までの距離を検出するミリ波レーダー、または、カメラで物体を撮影して撮影画像を解析することで物体までの距離を計測するカメラ式距離センサ、などを適用することができる。本実施形態では、搬送物検出センサ121を搬送車の上面部の進行方向前方に配置する例を示したが、これに替えて進行方向の前方側面に配置しても良い。また、前方だけでなく進行方向の後方側面や左右両側面に配置しても良い。 The transported goods detection sensor 121 is a device that detects the distance from the transport vehicle to an object including a transported goods. Examples of the transported goods detection sensor 121 include a laser distance sensor (such as LiDAR (Light detection and ranging)) that measures the distance and direction to an object by emitting laser light and measuring the time it takes for it to hit the object and bounce back, a millimeter wave radar that detects the distance to an object based on a millimeter wave transmission signal and a received signal that is reflected by the object and returns, and a camera-type distance sensor that measures the distance to an object by photographing the object with a camera and analyzing the photographed image. In this embodiment, an example is shown in which the transported goods detection sensor 121 is disposed on the top surface of the transport vehicle in front of the traveling direction, but instead, it may be disposed on the front side in the traveling direction. Also, it may be disposed not only in front but also on the rear side in the traveling direction or on both the left and right sides.
 搬送物検出センサ121は、搬送車の周囲360度に対して物体を検出するようにしても良いが、少なくとも搬送車の進行方向15の前方に対して物体を検出できるように構成されている。 The transported object detection sensor 121 may be configured to detect objects in a 360-degree range around the transport vehicle, but is configured to detect objects at least forward in the travel direction 15 of the transport vehicle.
 図2は、本実施形態に係る搬送車のハードウェア構成例を示す下面図である。搬送車の底面には、搬送車の進行方向15に対する左右両側の位置に駆動輪13が設けられ、各駆動輪13の前後の位置にはそれぞれ非駆動輪14が設けられる。駆動輪13は、モーターなどで構成される車輪駆動部135の回転軸に接続されて駆動される車輪であり、右側の駆動輪と左側の駆動輪はそれぞれ個別に制御され、各駆動輪の回転速度や回転方向を個別に制御することにより、搬送車をカーブさせて走行させたり、その場で搬送車を回転させて向きを変えたりすることが可能となる。非駆動輪14は、駆動されない車輪で構成され駆動輪13により搬送車が移動することで受動的に回転する車輪である。非駆動輪14は、例えば、車輪と車軸を固定するフォークを有し、フォークは搬送車の底面部材と旋回可能に接続される回転キャスターで構成される。そのため、搬送車の進行方向や回転動作に応じて非駆動輪14の車輪回転方向が受動的に変化する。図2では、2つの駆動輪と、四隅に4つの非駆動輪を備える搬送車のハードウェア構成を例示したが、本発明は当該ハードウェア構成に限定されるものではなく、駆動輪2つと非駆動輪2つの計4輪の構成を採用することも可能であり、また当該4輪構成において前輪がステアリング可能となる構成を採用することも可能である。 2 is a bottom view showing an example of the hardware configuration of the transport vehicle according to this embodiment. Drive wheels 13 are provided on the bottom of the transport vehicle at both the left and right sides in the direction of travel 15 of the transport vehicle, and non-driven wheels 14 are provided in front of and behind each of the drive wheels 13. The drive wheels 13 are wheels that are connected to the rotating shaft of a wheel drive unit 135 composed of a motor or the like and are driven. The right drive wheel and the left drive wheel are each controlled individually, and by individually controlling the rotation speed and rotation direction of each drive wheel, it is possible to make the transport vehicle run in a curve or turn the transport vehicle on the spot to change direction. The non-driven wheels 14 are wheels that are not driven and rotate passively as the transport vehicle moves due to the drive wheels 13. The non-driven wheels 14 have, for example, a fork that fixes the wheel and axle, and the fork is composed of a rotating caster that is rotatably connected to the bottom member of the transport vehicle. Therefore, the wheel rotation direction of the non-driven wheels 14 changes passively according to the direction of travel and rotation of the transport vehicle. FIG. 2 illustrates the hardware configuration of a transport vehicle with two driven wheels and four non-driven wheels at the four corners, but the present invention is not limited to this hardware configuration, and it is also possible to adopt a configuration with a total of four wheels, two driven wheels and two non-driven wheels, and it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the front wheels in the four-wheel configuration are steerable.
 搬送車の底面には、誘導ラインを検出する誘導ライン検出部16を設けることも可能である。誘導ライン検出部16は、望ましくは駆動輪13よりも搬送車の進行方向前方に設けられる。これにより、誘導ラインがカーブしている位置を走行する場合に誘導ラインに追従して走行しやすくなり、また搬送車及び牽引する台車が進行する際にいち早く誘導ラインから情報を受信することでいち早く停止等の処理が実行できる。誘導ライン検出部は、上述したような誘導方式のタイプに応じたセンサが用いられる。誘導方式として、電磁誘導方式を用いる場合はピックアップコイル、磁気誘導方式を用いる場合は磁気センサ、画像認識方式を用いる場合はカメラが誘導ライン検出部のセンサとして用いられる。 The guide line detection unit 16 that detects the guide line can also be provided on the bottom of the transport vehicle. The guide line detection unit 16 is preferably provided further forward in the direction of travel of the transport vehicle than the drive wheels 13. This makes it easier for the transport vehicle to follow the guide line when traveling around a curved guide line, and also allows the transport vehicle and the towing cart to receive information from the guide line as soon as they move forward, allowing them to quickly execute processing such as stopping. The guide line detection unit uses a sensor that corresponds to the type of guidance method as described above. If the guidance method is an electromagnetic induction method, a pickup coil is used as the sensor for the guide line detection unit. If the guidance method is an electromagnetic induction method, a magnetic sensor is used if the magnetic induction method is used, and a camera is used if the image recognition method is used.
 図3は、本実施形態に係る搬送車と牽引台車が結合された際のハードウェア構成の一例を示しており、具体的には、搬送車10が搬送物である台車の下側に潜り込んだ状態で台車と連結する例を示している。この際、円錐形上の連結部11と対応する位置にすり鉢状の連結受け部が台車の底面に配置されており、連結部11を上側に伸ばすことで台車と連結でき、連結部11を縮めることで台車との連結を解除できる。 FIG. 3 shows an example of the hardware configuration when the transport vehicle and towing cart according to this embodiment are coupled, specifically showing an example in which the transport vehicle 10 is coupled to the cart while slipping underneath the cart that is being transported. At this time, a mortar-shaped coupling receiver is placed on the bottom of the cart at a position corresponding to the cone-shaped coupling part 11, and the coupling part 11 can be extended upward to couple with the cart, and can be released from the coupling with the cart by contracting the coupling part 11.
図4は、本実施形態に係る搬送車と牽引台車が結合された際のハードウェア構成の他の一例を示している。図4に示す例では、搬送車は台車2000の横に位置する状態で台車と連結する例を示している。台車は、搬送車の連結部11の少なくとも一部と連結する連結受け部2010を備えており、連結部11を上側に伸ばすことで台車と連結でき、連結部11を縮めることで台車との連結を解除できる。図3や図4では、搬送車の上面にアクチュエータ等で構成される連結部11を上下方向に伸縮させることで、台車との連結と連結解除を行う例を示したが、搬送車と台車の連結方法はこれに限られず、他の連結方法であっても良い。また、搬送車と連結される搬送物は、台車に限られず、例えば、車輪を有さないパレットや棚等であっても良い。パレットや棚を搬送する場合には、搬送車はパレットや棚の下側に潜り込んで、パレットや棚を持ち上げた状態で連結される。 Figure 4 shows another example of the hardware configuration when the transport vehicle and the towing dolly according to this embodiment are coupled. In the example shown in Figure 4, the transport vehicle is coupled to the dolly while being located next to the dolly 2000. The dolly has a connection receiving part 2010 that connects to at least a part of the connection part 11 of the transport vehicle, and can be coupled to the dolly by extending the connection part 11 upward, and can be released from the dolly by contracting the connection part 11. In Figures 3 and 4, an example is shown in which the connection part 11 composed of an actuator or the like on the upper surface of the transport vehicle is expanded and contracted in the vertical direction to couple and release the connection with the dolly, but the method of coupling the transport vehicle and the dolly is not limited to this, and other coupling methods may be used. In addition, the transported object coupled to the transport vehicle is not limited to the dolly, and may be, for example, a pallet or shelf without wheels. When transporting a pallet or shelf, the transport vehicle slips under the pallet or shelf and is coupled in a state in which the pallet or shelf is raised.
<搬送システムの構成>
 次に、本実施形態の搬送システムの構成を説明する。図5は、本実施形態に係る搬送システムの全体構成図の一例を示す図である。搬送システム1000は、複数の搬送車(10a, 10b)、搬送物である台車2000、搬送車の状態を表示又は搬送車へ指令を入力可能な操縦機3000、搬送車の運行に必要な情報を管理する統括制御装置4000、統括制御装置の情報を表示し統括制御装置に情報を入力する入出力装置5000、動作エリア内の画像を取得して台車等の搬送物の有無、搬送車の所定荷物搭載の有無のセンシングを行って当該センシング情報を統括制御装置に送信する固定搬送物検出センサ8000と、複数の搬送車(10a, 10b)と操縦機3000と統括制御装置4000と固定搬送物検出センサ8000を通信可能に接続する通信ネットワーク6000を備える。
<Configuration of the transport system>
Next, the configuration of the transport system of this embodiment will be described. Figure 5 is a diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the transport system according to this embodiment. The transport system 1000 includes a plurality of transport vehicles (10a, 10b), a dolly 2000 which is a transported object, a control device 3000 which can display the state of the transport vehicle or input a command to the transport vehicle, a general control device 4000 which manages information required for the operation of the transport vehicle, an input/output device 5000 which displays information of the general control device and inputs information to the general control device, a fixed transport object detection sensor 8000 which acquires an image within the operating area, senses the presence or absence of a transport object such as a dolly, and the presence or absence of a specified load on the transport vehicle, and transmits the sensing information to the general control device, and a communication network 6000 which communicably connects the plurality of transport vehicles (10a, 10b), the control device 3000, the general control device 4000, and the fixed transport object detection sensor 8000.
また、搬送システム1000は通信ネットワーク6000を介して外部システム7000と接続させることもできる。搬送システム1000を製造工場に導入して、製造に必要な部品を収納庫から製造ラインに搬送する場合には、搬送システム1000は、外部システム7000として製造管理システムとシステム間連携を行う。この場合、製造管理システムから製造作業の稼働進捗状況に関する情報を取得すれば、搬送車による輸送量や輸送経路を製造作業の作業進捗状況に応じて動的に調整することができる。 The transport system 1000 can also be connected to an external system 7000 via the communication network 6000. When the transport system 1000 is introduced into a manufacturing factory to transport parts required for manufacturing from a storage facility to a manufacturing line, the transport system 1000 performs inter-system coordination with a manufacturing management system as the external system 7000. In this case, by obtaining information regarding the operational progress of the manufacturing work from the manufacturing management system, the transport volume and transport route by the transport vehicle can be dynamically adjusted according to the progress of the manufacturing work.
別の例として、搬送システム1000を物流倉庫に導入して、トラック等で荷物が倉庫に搬入される際に搬入物を搬入口から収納庫に搬送し、また倉庫から荷物を出荷する際に収納庫から出荷される荷物を搬出口へ搬送する場合には、搬送システム1000は、外部システム7000として物流管理システムとシステム間連携を行う。この場合、物流管理システムから搬入に関する情報や出荷に関する情報を取得すれば、搬送車による輸送量や輸送経路を変更することができる。 As another example, if the transport system 1000 is introduced into a logistics warehouse and transports the incoming goods from an entrance to a storage facility when the goods are brought into the warehouse by truck or the like, and transports the goods to be shipped from the storage facility to an exit when the goods are shipped from the warehouse, the transport system 1000 will perform inter-system coordination with the logistics management system as the external system 7000. In this case, by obtaining information related to the incoming goods and the outgoing goods from the logistics management system, the transport volume and transport route by the transport vehicle can be changed.
 搬送システムが導入される施設では、一般的に複数の搬送車(10a, 10b)が稼働するため、それぞれの搬送車は通信ネットワーク6000を介して他搬送車や他構成要素と通信可能に連結される。例えば、搬送車は自機の検出部で検出した各種検出情報やその他の制御情報を操縦機3000や統括制御装置4000や他搬送車10に送信する。また搬送車10は台車2000と電気的に接続又は近距離通信手段で通信可能に接続され、台車から連結状態に関する情報や台車の識別情報などを受信可能に構成される。 In facilities where a transport system is installed, multiple transport vehicles (10a, 10b) are generally in operation, and each transport vehicle is connected to other transport vehicles and other components via a communication network 6000 so that they can communicate with each other. For example, the transport vehicles transmit various detection information detected by their own detection units and other control information to the control device 3000, the overall control device 4000, and other transport vehicles 10. The transport vehicle 10 is also electrically connected to the trolley 2000 or connected to it so that it can communicate with it via short-range communication means, and is configured to be able to receive information about the connection state and trolley identification information from the trolley.
 操縦機3000は、指定した搬送車の状態情報を表示する機能と、指定した搬送車へ指令を入力する機能を備えている。例えば、操縦機に表示される搬送車の状態情報としては、搬送車に搭載されて搬送車の電源となるバッテリの充電量の情報、搬送車と連れた台車の識別情報などである。搬送車へ入力する指令としては、例えば、搬送車の目的地に関する指令情報、台車との連結や連結解除の動作指令、搬送車の走行開始指令、搬送車の停止指令、充電ステーションへの帰還指令などである。 The control device 3000 has a function to display status information of a specified transport vehicle and a function to input commands to a specified transport vehicle. For example, the status information of the transport vehicle displayed on the control device includes information on the charge level of the battery that is installed in the transport vehicle and serves as the power source for the transport vehicle, and identification information of the cart that accompanies the transport vehicle. Examples of commands to be input to the transport vehicle include command information regarding the destination of the transport vehicle, operational commands for coupling and uncoupling from the cart, commands to start the transport vehicle, commands to stop the transport vehicle, and commands to return to the charging station.
 図6は、本実施形態に係る搬送車の動作エリア160の構成例を示す図である。図6に示す例では、動作エリア160に4台の搬送車(10a、10b、10c、10d)と3台の台車(2000a、2000b、2000c)が存在し、動作エリア160内に、4つの作業エリア(161~164)が定義されている例を示している。物流倉庫や製造工場などでは、作業員やコンベアなどによる現場の作業と連携させるために、台車やパレットなどの搬送物を所定の位置に搬送することが求められる。例えば、台車をベルトコンベアとの連携位置に停車させたり、作業員の作業位置に横付けしたりすることで、作業員が移動せず搬送物に乗せられた荷物を取ることができるように搬送物を搬送することが求められる。 FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the operation area 160 of a transport vehicle according to this embodiment. In the example shown in FIG. 6, four transport vehicles (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d) and three carts (2000a, 2000b, 2000c) exist in the operation area 160, and four work areas (161 to 164) are defined within the operation area 160. In logistics warehouses and manufacturing plants, it is necessary to transport objects such as carts and pallets to specified positions in order to coordinate with on-site work by workers and conveyors. For example, it is necessary to transport the objects so that the workers can pick up the luggage placed on the objects without moving by stopping the carts at a position to coordinate with the belt conveyor or by pulling up next to the work position of the workers.
図6に示す、第1の作業エリア162、163、164は、作業員により台車2000の上に荷物Aを積む作業が行われるエリアであり、第2の作業エリア161は、作業員により台車2000から荷物Aを下ろす作業が行われるエリアである。そのため、複数の搬送車10は、第1の作業エリア162、163、164において荷物を搭載した台車をけん引して第2の作業エリア161に台車を搬送すると共に、第2の作業エリア161において空になった台車を回収して第1の作業エリア162、163、164に搬送するタスクを実行する。さらに、搬送車10は、台車を搬送するタスクを行う過程で、自己の搬送車に搭載された搬送物検出センサ121により、周囲のエリアにおける搬送物の有無の情報をセンシングして、センシング情報を通信ネットワーク6000を介して統括制御装置4000に送信する。また、例えば、第1の作業エリア162には、固定搬送物検出センサ8000が設置されており、固定搬送物検出センサにより第1の作業エリア162における台車有無または台車有無に加えて台車に荷物Aが搭載されているか否かがセンシングされ、センシング情報は通信ネットワーク6000を介して統括制御装置4000に送信する。 6, the first work areas 162, 163, and 164 are areas where workers load the baggage A onto the cart 2000, and the second work area 161 is an area where workers unload the baggage A from the cart 2000. Therefore, the multiple transport vehicles 10 perform the tasks of towing the cart loaded with the baggage in the first work areas 162, 163, and 164 to transport the cart to the second work area 161, and collecting the empty cart in the second work area 161 and transporting it to the first work areas 162, 163, and 164. Furthermore, in the process of performing the task of transporting the cart, the transport vehicle 10 senses information on the presence or absence of transported objects in the surrounding area by the transported object detection sensor 121 mounted on the transport vehicle itself, and transmits the sensing information to the general control device 4000 via the communication network 6000. Also, for example, a fixed transported object detection sensor 8000 is installed in the first work area 162, and the fixed transported object detection sensor senses the presence or absence of a cart in the first work area 162, and in addition to the presence or absence of a cart, whether or not cargo A is loaded on the cart, and transmits the sensing information to the overall control device 4000 via the communication network 6000.
ここで、本発明は、一方側から他方側の位置へ移動する往路において荷物Aを台車に載せて搬送するだけでなく、他方側から一方側の位置へ移動する復路において荷物Aとは異なる荷物B(例えば、段ボールや包装ごみなど)を台車に載せて搬送する搬送システムにも適用することができる。この場合、例えば、第1の作業エリア162、163、164は、作業員により台車2000から荷物Bを下ろし、台車の上に荷物Aを積む作業が行われるエリアと定義し、第2の作業エリア161は、作業員により台車2000から荷物Aを下ろし、台車の上に荷物Bを積む作業が行われるエリアと定義する。 The present invention can be applied not only to a conveying system that conveys luggage A on a cart on the way from one side to the other side, but also to a conveying system that conveys luggage B (e.g., cardboard boxes or packaging waste) different from luggage A on a cart on the way back from the other side to one side. In this case, for example, the first work areas 162, 163, 164 are defined as areas where a worker unloads luggage B from the cart 2000 and loads luggage A onto the cart, and the second work area 161 is defined as an area where a worker unloads luggage A from the cart 2000 and loads luggage B onto the cart.
 仮に、搬送車10の台車搬送のタスクが、第1の作業エリア162、164と第2の作業エリア161の間の往復する動作に集中して、長期間の間、第1の作業エリア163の周囲を通過しない場合が発生すると、第1の作業エリア163における台車の有無や所定荷物の搭載有無などの状況をリアルタイムに把握できず、複数の搬送車10に対して、効率的なタスクの割り当てが難しくなるという課題がある。以下、搬送車及び統括制御装置の詳細な機能等の説明により、上記した課題に対する技術的な解決手段を明らかにする。 If the task of transporting the trolley of the transport vehicle 10 is concentrated on the reciprocating motion between the first work area 162, 164 and the second work area 161 and the transport vehicle does not pass around the first work area 163 for a long period of time, there is a problem that it is not possible to grasp in real time the situation in the first work area 163, such as the presence or absence of a trolley or the presence or absence of a specified cargo, and it becomes difficult to efficiently assign tasks to multiple transport vehicles 10. Below, we will explain the technical solutions to the above problems by explaining the detailed functions of the transport vehicles and the overall control device.
<搬送車の機能>
 図7を用いて搬送車の有する機能を説明する。図7は、本実施形態に係る搬送車10の機能構成図を示す図である。搬送車10は、搬送車外部の台車2000や通信ネットワーク6000と通信を行う通信部110と、検出部120と、搬送車制御部130と、記録部140と、連結部11と、車輪駆動部135を備えている。
<Functions of the transport vehicle>
The functions of the transport vehicle will be described with reference to Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a diagram showing a functional configuration of the transport vehicle 10 according to this embodiment. The transport vehicle 10 includes a communication unit 110 that communicates with a dolly 2000 outside the transport vehicle and a communication network 6000, a detection unit 120, a transport vehicle control unit 130, a recording unit 140, a coupling unit 11, and a wheel drive unit 135.
 記録部140は、通信部110が外部から受信した情報、検出部120が検出した検出情報、搬送車制御部130が出力した制御情報を記録する機能を有する。 The recording unit 140 has the function of recording information received from the outside by the communication unit 110, detection information detected by the detection unit 120, and control information output by the transport vehicle control unit 130.
 通信部110は、センシング情報送信部111、目標指令受信部112、搬送車状態送信部113を備えている。センシング情報送信部111は、搬送物検出センサ121によりセンシングした搬送物の有無、搬送物の所定荷物搭載の有無などに関するセンシング情報を通信ネットワーク6000を介して統括制御装置4000に送信する。なお、センシング情報は、搬送物の有無や搬送物上の所定荷物搭載の有無に関する情報だけでなく、搬送物の有無をセンシングした動作エリア内の位置を特定可能な情報、あるいは搬送物の周囲に障害物の有無に関する情報を含む。動作エリア内の位置を特定可能な情報の一例として、搬送物検出センサにより搬送物の有無をセンシングした際の、搬送物検出センサの検出範囲に関する情報、自己位置推定部122で検出した搬送車の位置に関する情報、あるいはセンシング時刻の情報、の少なくともいずれかの情報を含んでいてもよい。 The communication unit 110 includes a sensing information transmission unit 111, a target command receiving unit 112, and a transport vehicle status transmission unit 113. The sensing information transmission unit 111 transmits sensing information regarding the presence or absence of a transported object sensed by the transported object detection sensor 121, the presence or absence of a specified load on the transported object, etc., to the general control device 4000 via the communication network 6000. The sensing information includes not only information regarding the presence or absence of a transported object and the presence or absence of a specified load on the transported object, but also information that can identify the position within the operation area where the presence or absence of the transported object was sensed, or information regarding the presence or absence of an obstacle around the transported object. As an example of information that can identify the position within the operation area, it may include at least one of information regarding the detection range of the transported object detection sensor when the presence or absence of the transported object is sensed by the transported object detection sensor, information regarding the position of the transport vehicle detected by the self-position estimation unit 122, or information regarding the sensing time.
 目標指令受信部112は、統括制御装置4000から受信する目標指令を受信する。この目標指令は、搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかに関する目標指令であり、搬送対象の台車の識別情報と台車の搬送先の位置情報を含んでいてもよい。搬送車制御部では、当該目標指令に応じて搬送車を制御する。 The target command receiver 112 receives a target command from the overall control device 4000. This target command is a target command related to at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and travel route of the transport vehicle, and may include identification information of the cart to be transported and location information of the destination of the cart. The transport vehicle control unit controls the transport vehicle in response to the target command.
 搬送車状態送信部113は、タスク管理部133により把握している自己の搬送車に割り当てられたタスクの有無を含む搬送車状態の情報を通信ネットワーク6000を介して統括制御装置4000に送信する。 The transport vehicle status transmission unit 113 transmits information about the transport vehicle status, including whether or not there is a task assigned to the transport vehicle, as determined by the task management unit 133, to the general control device 4000 via the communication network 6000.
 検出部120は、搬送物検出センサ121、自己位置推定部122、荷物検出センサ123、誘導ライン検出部16、を備えている。搬送物検出センサ121は、前述した通り、レーザー光を照射して物体に当たって跳ね返ってくるまでの時間を計測することで搬送物や障害物などの物体までの距離や方向を計測するレーザー距離センサ(LiDAR(Light detection and ranging)など)、ミリ波の送信信号と物体に反射して戻ってくる受信信号に基づいて物体までの距離を検出するミリ波レーダー、または、カメラで物体を撮影して撮影画像を解析することで物体までの距離を計測するカメラ式距離センサ、などで構成される。また、搬送物検出センサ121は、上記したセンサの検出結果に基づいて搬送物の有無を検出することができる。さらに、搬送物検出センサ121は、搬送物の周囲の障害物の有無を検出することができる。搬送物検出センサ121は、検出した物体の形状情報、あるいは搬送物に付されたコードの読み取り情報、あるいは検出した搬送物に搬送車との連結部があるか否かの検出情報に基づいて、搬送車により搬送すべき台車やパレットや棚などの特定の搬送物と、搬送物以外の障害物とを判別することができる。 The detection unit 120 includes a transported goods detection sensor 121, a self-position estimation unit 122, a baggage detection sensor 123, and a guide line detection unit 16. As described above, the transported goods detection sensor 121 is composed of a laser distance sensor (such as LiDAR (Light detection and ranging)) that measures the distance and direction to an object such as a transported goods or an obstacle by emitting a laser light and measuring the time it takes for the light to hit the object and bounce back, a millimeter wave radar that detects the distance to an object based on a millimeter wave transmission signal and a received signal that is reflected by the object and returns, or a camera-type distance sensor that measures the distance to an object by photographing the object with a camera and analyzing the photographed image. The transported goods detection sensor 121 can also detect the presence or absence of a transported goods based on the detection results of the above-mentioned sensors. Furthermore, the transported goods detection sensor 121 can detect the presence or absence of obstacles around the transported goods. The transported object detection sensor 121 can distinguish between specific transported objects, such as carts, pallets, and shelves, to be transported by the transport vehicle and obstacles other than transported objects, based on shape information of the detected object, or read information of a code attached to the transported object, or detection information on whether the detected transported object has a connection to the transport vehicle.
自己位置推定部122は、例えば、自車の走行距離と向きを検出し、検出情報と記録部220に記録されている動作エリア160全体のマップ情報に基づいて、動作エリア160全体における自車の位置を推定することができる。または、搬送物検出センサ121で計測した自車から物体までの距離や方向の情報と、記録部220に記録されているエリア全体のマップ情報に基づいて走行エリア全体における自車の位置を推定することも可能である。あるいは、二次元コードで構成された誘導ライン上を走行している場合には、二次元コードの識別情報と上記マップ情報とに基づいて走行エリア全体における自車の位置を推定することも可能である。 The self-position estimation unit 122 can, for example, detect the travel distance and direction of the vehicle, and estimate the position of the vehicle in the entire operating area 160 based on the detection information and map information of the entire operating area 160 recorded in the recording unit 220. Alternatively, it is also possible to estimate the position of the vehicle in the entire operating area based on information on the distance and direction from the vehicle to an object measured by the transported object detection sensor 121, and map information of the entire area recorded in the recording unit 220. Alternatively, when the vehicle is traveling on a guidance line composed of a two-dimensional code, it is also possible to estimate the position of the vehicle in the entire operating area based on the identification information of the two-dimensional code and the above-mentioned map information.
荷物検出センサ123は、例えば、カメラで構成し、荷物に付されたコード情報を読み取ることで、所定の荷物が搬送物に搭載されていることを検出することができる。あるいは、荷物検出センサ123は、例えば、タグ情報読み取りセンサで構成し、荷物に付されたRFID等の無線通信タグの情報を読み取ることで、所定の荷物が搬送物に搭載されていることを検出することができる。また別の例では、荷物検出センサ123は、例えば、LiDARなどのレーザー距離センサやToFセンサなどの光学センサやカメラで構成し、搬送物上の荷物の有無を検出することができる。 The luggage detection sensor 123 may be configured, for example, with a camera, and may detect that a specific luggage is loaded on the transported item by reading code information attached to the luggage. Alternatively, the luggage detection sensor 123 may be configured, for example, with a tag information reading sensor, and may detect that a specific luggage is loaded on the transported item by reading information from a wireless communication tag such as an RFID attached to the luggage. In another example, the luggage detection sensor 123 may be configured, for example, with a laser distance sensor such as LiDAR or an optical sensor such as a ToF sensor, or a camera, and may detect the presence or absence of luggage on the transported item.
誘導ライン検出部16は、誘導方式のタイプに応じたセンサが用いられる。誘導方式として、電磁誘導方式を用いる場合はピックアップコイル、磁気誘導方式を用いる場合は磁気センサ、画像認識方式を用いる場合はカメラが誘導ライン検出部のセンサとして用いられる。誘導ライン検出部は、誘導ラインの直上に位置している場合に誘導ラインを検出して検出信号を出力する。また、カメラにより二次元コードやバーコードを使った誘導ラインを読み取る画像認識方式の場合には、誘導ラインの検出信号に加えて、検出したコードの情報に基づいて位置情報を生成し、更にコードの画像情報を行うことで誘導ラインと搬送車の相対角度情報を生成することができる。 The guidance line detection unit 16 uses a sensor according to the type of guidance method. When the guidance method is an electromagnetic induction method, a pickup coil is used as the sensor for the guidance line detection unit. When the magnetic induction method is used, a magnetic sensor is used. When the image recognition method is used, a camera is used. The guidance line detection unit detects the guidance line when it is located directly above the guidance line and outputs a detection signal. In addition, in the case of an image recognition method in which a camera reads a guidance line using a two-dimensional code or barcode, position information is generated based on information from the detected code in addition to the detection signal for the guidance line, and further image information of the code is used to generate relative angle information between the guidance line and the transport vehicle.
搬送車制御部130は、駆動制御部131、連結制御部132、タスク管理部133、モード切替部134を備えている。駆動制御部131は、目標指令受信部112が受信した目標指令に含まれる搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の情報と、自己位置推定部122により推定した自己位置の情報に基づいて、搬送車の自己位置が目標指令に追従するように車輪駆動部135を制御する。具体的には、車輪駆動部135に含まれる図示しない右輪駆動部、左輪駆動部をそれぞれ個別に制御して、各駆動輪の回転速度や回転方向を個別に制御することで、搬送車を任意の軌跡半径でカーブさせて走行させたり、搬送車を回転させて向きを変えたりすることで、搬送車の位置を目標指令に含まれる目標位置等に追従させることが可能となる。なお、右輪駆動部と左輪駆動部は例えばモーターで構成される。 The transport vehicle control unit 130 includes a drive control unit 131, a connection control unit 132, a task management unit 133, and a mode switching unit 134. The drive control unit 131 controls the wheel drive unit 135 so that the self-position of the transport vehicle follows the target command based on the information on the destination position, intermediate position, and travel route of the transport vehicle included in the target command received by the target command receiving unit 112 and the information on the self-position estimated by the self-position estimation unit 122. Specifically, by individually controlling the right wheel drive unit and the left wheel drive unit (not shown) included in the wheel drive unit 135 and individually controlling the rotation speed and rotation direction of each drive wheel, the transport vehicle can be made to travel in a curve with an arbitrary trajectory radius or the transport vehicle can be rotated to change its direction, so that the position of the transport vehicle can follow the target position, etc. included in the target command. The right wheel drive unit and the left wheel drive unit are, for example, composed of motors.
連結制御部132は、搬送対象の台車の識別情報と台車の搬送先の位置情報を含む目標指令を受信した場合に、連結部11の動作を制御して、指定された台車などの搬送物との連結/非連結を制御する。つまり、目標指令として、「第1の作業エリア164にある台車2000cを第2の作業エリア161に搬送せよ」との指令を受信した場合には、第1の作業エリア164において台車2000cと連結動作を行い、当該台車2000cを第2の作業エリア161まで牽引した後、台車2000cと非連結動作を行う。 When the coupling control unit 132 receives a target command including the identification information of the cart to be transported and the position information of the destination of the cart, it controls the operation of the coupling unit 11 to control coupling/uncoupling with the specified cart or other transported object. In other words, when a target command such as "transport cart 2000c in the first work area 164 to the second work area 161" is received, a coupling operation with cart 2000c is performed in the first work area 164, and after towing the cart 2000c to the second work area 161, a uncoupling operation with cart 2000c is performed.
 タスク管理部133は、目標指令受信部112により受信した目標指令と、駆動制御部131および連結制御部132により実行された動作履歴に基づいて、目標指令のタスク実行状況を認識する。例えば、目標指令に基づくタスクを未実行または実行中である場合には、未完了のタスクがあると判断し、目標指令に基づくタスクがすべて実行済である場合には、未完了のタスク無し、と判断する。タスク管理部133で認識された搬送車状態の情報は、搬送車状態送信部113により統括制御装置4000に送信される。 The task management unit 133 recognizes the task execution status of the target command based on the target command received by the target command receiving unit 112 and the operation history executed by the drive control unit 131 and the connection control unit 132. For example, if a task based on the target command has not been executed or is being executed, it determines that there is an incomplete task, and if all tasks based on the target command have been executed, it determines that there are no incomplete tasks. Information on the transport vehicle status recognized by the task management unit 133 is transmitted to the overall control device 4000 by the transport vehicle status transmitting unit 113.
 モード切替部134は、搬送車の走行モードを誘導走行モードと自律走行モードの間でモードの切り替えを行う。例えば、誘導ライン検出部16により誘導ラインを検出した場合には、誘導走行モードに切り替えを行い、あらかじめ設定された自立走行モードのエリアに到達した場合に自律走行モードに切り替えを行うことができる。 The mode switching unit 134 switches the driving mode of the transport vehicle between the guided driving mode and the autonomous driving mode. For example, when the guided line detection unit 16 detects a guided line, the mode is switched to the guided driving mode, and when the transport vehicle reaches a pre-set area for the autonomous driving mode, the mode is switched to the autonomous driving mode.
<搬送車の機能>
 図8を用いて統括制御装置の有する機能を説明する。図8に本実施形態における統括制御装置4000の構成図を示す。統括制御装置4000は、マップ記録部4010、指令生成部4020、搬送車タスク管理部4030、ステータス判定部4040、通信部4050を備えている。また、通信部4050は、センシング情報受信部4051、目標指令送信部4052、搬送車状態受信部4053を備えている。
<Functions of the transport vehicle>
The functions of the overall control device will be described with reference to Fig. 8. Fig. 8 shows a configuration diagram of the overall control device 4000 in this embodiment. The overall control device 4000 includes a map recording unit 4010, a command generating unit 4020, a guided vehicle task management unit 4030, a status determination unit 4040, and a communication unit 4050. The communication unit 4050 also includes a sensing information receiving unit 4051, a target command transmitting unit 4052, and a guided vehicle status receiving unit 4053.
 センシング情報受信部4051は、通信ネットワーク6000を介して、複数の搬送車10のセンシング情報送信部111から送信されるセンシング情報、及び固定搬送物検出センサ8000から送信されるセンシング情報を受信する。上述した通り、センシング情報は、搬送物の有無に関する情報、搬送物の所定荷物搭載の有無などだけでなく、搬送物検出センサにより搬送物の有無をセンシングした際の、搬送物検出センサの検出範囲に関する情報、自己位置推定部122で検出した搬送車の位置に関する情報、あるいはセンシング時刻の情報、の少なくともいずれかの情報を含んでいてもよい。 The sensing information receiving unit 4051 receives sensing information transmitted from the sensing information transmitting units 111 of the multiple transport vehicles 10 and sensing information transmitted from the fixed transported object detection sensor 8000 via the communication network 6000. As described above, the sensing information may include not only information regarding the presence or absence of a transported object, and whether or not the transported object is carrying a specified cargo, but also at least one of the following information: information regarding the detection range of the transported object detection sensor when the transported object detection sensor senses the presence or absence of a transported object, information regarding the position of the transport vehicle detected by the self-position estimating unit 122, or information regarding the sensing time.
 目標指令送信部4052は、指令生成部4020で生成した目標指令を所望の搬送車10に対して送信する。 The target command transmission unit 4052 transmits the target command generated by the command generation unit 4020 to the desired transport vehicle 10.
 搬送車状態受信部4053は、通信ネットワーク6000を介して複数の搬送車10の搬送車状態送信部113から各搬送車のタスクの実行状況を含む搬送車状態の情報を受信する。搬送車状態とは、例えば、未完了のタスクがあるか、または未完了のタスクが無いかが判断できる情報である。 The transport vehicle status receiving unit 4053 receives information on the transport vehicle status, including the execution status of tasks of each transport vehicle, from the transport vehicle status transmitting units 113 of multiple transport vehicles 10 via the communication network 6000. The transport vehicle status is information that can be used to determine, for example, whether there are any incomplete tasks or no incomplete tasks.
マップ記録部4010は、動作エリア160のマップ情報を記録する。マップ記録部4010に記録されるマップ情報は、例えば、複数の搬送車の搬送物検出センサによる物体の位置情報や搬送車の走行位置の履歴情報に基づいて生成される。または、マップ情報は予めユーザにより入力することも可能である。 The map recording unit 4010 records map information of the operation area 160. The map information recorded in the map recording unit 4010 is generated, for example, based on object position information obtained by transported object detection sensors of multiple transport vehicles and historical information on the travel positions of the transport vehicles. Alternatively, the map information can be input in advance by the user.
 ステータス判定部4040は、センシング情報受信部4051で搬送車及び固定カメラから受信したセンシング情報に基づいて、動作エリア160内に定義される複数のエリア毎(例えば、作業エリア161、162、163)に台車のステータスを管理する。ここで、センシング情報受信部4051において、作業エリア164内に台車があることを検出し、かつ作業エリア164から搬送すべき所定荷物が台車に搭載されていることを検出したセンシング情報を受信した場合(作業エリア164から空台車を搬送すると定義されている場合には、台車に荷物が搭載されていないことを検出したセンシング情報を受信した場合)には、作業エリア164のステータスを「搬送可能状態」と設定する。逆に、センシング情報受信部4051において、作業エリア164内に台車が無いこと、あるいは作業エリア164内に台車があり、台車に所定荷物が搭載されていないこと(作業エリア164から空台車を搬送すると定義されている場合には、台車に荷物が搭載されていること)、あるいは作業エリア164内に台車があり、台車の周囲に障害物があること、の少なくともいずれかを検出したセンシング情報を受信した場合には、台車を自動搬送することができない状態となるため、作業エリア164のステータスを「搬送不可状態」と設定する。このように「搬送不可状態」と判定された場合には、作業員に当該エリアの情報とステータスの情報を操縦機3000などに通知して、所定の荷物が搬送物に載せられていない状態、下ろすべき荷物がまだ搭載されている状態や搬送物の周囲に障害物がある状態などの自動搬送ができない状態となっている要因を作業員に除去させるように促すこともできる。 The status determination unit 4040 manages the status of the trolleys for each of the multiple areas (e.g., work areas 161, 162, 163) defined within the operating area 160 based on the sensing information received by the sensing information receiving unit 4051 from the transport vehicle and fixed camera. Here, when the sensing information receiving unit 4051 receives sensing information that detects the presence of a trolley within the work area 164 and that the trolley is carrying a specific load to be transported from the work area 164 (when it is defined that an empty trolley is to be transported from the work area 164, if it receives sensing information that detects that the trolley has no load), it sets the status of the work area 164 to "transportable state". Conversely, when the sensing information receiving unit 4051 receives sensing information that detects at least one of the following: that there is no cart in the working area 164, that there is a cart in the working area 164 and the cart does not have a specific load on it (if it is defined that an empty cart is to be transported from the working area 164, the cart has load on it), or that there is a cart in the working area 164 and there is an obstacle around the cart, the cart cannot be automatically transported, so the status of the working area 164 is set to "transportation not possible state". When it is determined that the cart is in a "transportation not possible state", the information on the area and the status can be notified to the control device 3000 or the like to the worker, and the worker can be prompted to remove factors that prevent automatic transport, such as a state in which the specific load is not loaded on the transported object, a state in which the load to be unloaded is still loaded, or a state in which there are obstacles around the transported object.
また、センシング情報を最後に受信してから所定時間以上、作業エリア164内におけるセンシング情報を受信しない場合(センシングが実行されない場合)には、作業エリア164のステータスを「不明」と判定する。上記した3種類のステータスは、受信したセンシング情報の内容と所定時間以上センシング情報を受信しない状況とに応じて、更新される。ここで、ステータスを「不明」と判断する基準は、上述したように最後にセンシング情報を受信してから予め設定した所定の基準時間経過したこととすることとできるが、それ以外にも、最後にセンシング情報を受信してから動的に変更される基準時間が経過したこととすることもできる。また、作業エリア毎に固有の基準時間を設けても良い。あるいは、基準時間が経過したことを条件とすることに替えて、地震発生やエリア内への作業者の侵入などの所定イベントが発生したことによりステータスを「不明」と判断することもできる。 In addition, if no sensing information is received within the work area 164 for a predetermined time or more after the last sensing information was received (sensing is not performed), the status of the work area 164 is determined to be "unknown". The above three types of status are updated according to the content of the received sensing information and the situation in which no sensing information is received for a predetermined time or more. Here, the criterion for determining the status as "unknown" can be that a predetermined reference time has elapsed since the last sensing information was received as described above, but it can also be that a dynamically changed reference time has elapsed since the last sensing information was received. Also, a unique reference time may be set for each work area. Alternatively, instead of the condition that the reference time has elapsed, the status can be determined to be "unknown" when a predetermined event has occurred, such as the occurrence of an earthquake or the intrusion of a worker into the area.
 以下に、ステータス「搬送可能状態」を更に二つのステータスに分けて判定する例を説明する。搬送車の搬送物検出センサ121や固定搬送物検出センサ8000が、台車の有無の情報に加えて、台車に所定の荷物が搭載されているか否かも検出することができるように構成されている場合、あるいは、荷物検出センサにより所定の荷物が搬送物に搭載されていることを検出できるように構成されている場合には、ステータス判定部4040は、センシング情報に含まれる所定荷物の搭載有無の情報も含めてステータスを判断する。例えば、作業エリア164に台車があり、かつ当該台車に荷物Aが搭載されていることを検出し、かつ搭載されている荷物が作業エリア164から搬送すべき所定荷物Aであることを検出したセンシング情報を受信した場合には、作業エリア164のステータスを「荷物あり、かつ搬送可能状態」と設定する。あるいは、作業エリア164が空台車を搬送するエリアと定義される場合には、例えば、作業エリア164に台車があり、かつ当該台車に荷物が搭載されていないこと検出したセンシング情報を受信した場合には、作業エリア164のステータスを「荷物なし、かつ搬送可能状態」と設定する。 Below, an example of determining whether the status "conveyable" is further divided into two statuses will be described. When the transported object detection sensor 121 of the transport vehicle or the fixed transported object detection sensor 8000 is configured to detect whether a specific item is loaded on the trolley in addition to the information on the presence or absence of a cart, or when the luggage detection sensor is configured to detect that a specific item is loaded on the transported object, the status determination unit 4040 determines the status including the information on whether the specific item is loaded, which is included in the sensing information. For example, when sensing information is received that detects that there is a trolley in the work area 164 and that the trolley has luggage A loaded on it, and that the loaded luggage is the specific luggage A to be transported from the work area 164, the status of the work area 164 is set to "baggage present and transportable state". Alternatively, if the work area 164 is defined as an area for transporting empty carts, for example, when sensing information is received that detects that there is a cart in the work area 164 and that the cart is not carrying any cargo, the status of the work area 164 is set to "no cargo and ready for transport."
 搬送車タスク管理部4030は、搬送車毎に割り当てられたタスク状態を管理する。例えば、図6に示す動作エリアにおいて、統括制御装置から搬送車10aに対して、第1の作業エリア162内の搬送物を第2の作業エリア161に搬送する目標指令が送信されている場合であって、搬送車状態受信部4053において、当該搬送車10aから当該目標指令に対応するタスクが完了したことを受信していない場合には、搬送車10aの状態を「未完了のタスク有」と判断する。また、搬送車状態受信部4053において、当該搬送車10aから当該目標指令に対応するタスクが完了したことを受信している場合、あるいは、搬送車10aに対する目標指令が出力されていない場合には、搬送車10aの状態を「未完了のタスク無」と判断する。 The vehicle task management unit 4030 manages the task status assigned to each vehicle. For example, in the operation area shown in FIG. 6, if a target command is sent from the general control device to the vehicle 10a to transport an object in the first working area 162 to the second working area 161, and the vehicle status receiving unit 4053 does not receive from the vehicle 10a a notification that the task corresponding to the target command has been completed, the vehicle status is determined to be "with uncompleted task". Also, if the vehicle status receiving unit 4053 receives from the vehicle 10a a notification that the task corresponding to the target command has been completed, or if a target command has not been output to the vehicle 10a, the vehicle status is determined to be "without uncompleted task".
 指令生成部4020は、各搬送車に対する目標指令を生成する。例えば、指令生成部4020は、ステータス判定部4040において、ステータスが「不明」となっているエリアの近くに搬送車を移動させて、当該エリアにおける台車の有無の情報を早期に把握するために、ステータスが「不明」となっているエリアを搬送車に搭載された搬送物検出センサでセンシングできる位置を当該搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかとして含む目標指令を生成する。また、より好ましくは、搬送車タスク管理部4030において、搬送車の状態が「未完了のタスク無」となっている搬送車に対して、上述した目標指定を生成することにより、現在進行している搬送車のタスク実行に影響を与えることなく、「未完了のタスク無」の状態となっている搬送車、つまり休んでいる搬送車を有効に活用して、ステータス不明のエリアの状況をセンシングすることができる。指令生成部4020で生成した目標指令は、目標指令送信部4052を介して所望の搬送車10に対して送信される。 The command generating unit 4020 generates a target command for each transport vehicle. For example, the command generating unit 4020 generates a target command including a position where the area with the status "unknown" can be sensed by a transported object detection sensor mounted on the transport vehicle as at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and travel route of the transport vehicle in order to move the transport vehicle near an area with the status "unknown" in the status determination unit 4040 and quickly grasp the information on the presence or absence of a cart in the area. More preferably, the transport vehicle task management unit 4030 generates the above-mentioned target specification for a transport vehicle with the status of "no uncompleted tasks", thereby making it possible to effectively utilize a transport vehicle with the status of "no uncompleted tasks", that is, a resting transport vehicle, to sense the situation in the area with the status unknown without affecting the task execution of the currently ongoing transport vehicle. The target command generated by the command generating unit 4020 is transmitted to the desired transport vehicle 10 via the target command transmitting unit 4052.
 指令生成部4020は、上述したようなステータス「不明」となっているエリアの近くに搬送車を向かわせる指令を生成することに加えて、またはこれに替えて、ステータス判定部4040において「搬送不可状態」と判定されたエリアの近くに搬送車を向かわせるように、「搬送不可状態」と判定されたエリアを搬送車に搭載された搬送物検出センサでセンシングできる位置を当該搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかとして含む目標指令を生成するようにしても良い。ステータスが「搬送不可状態」と判定されたエリアでは、ステータスの通知を受けた作業員が台車などの搬送物が搬送できる状態となるように作業を行っている可能性が高く、自走搬送が可能な状態に状態が変化している可能があるため、そのようなエリアを優先的に搬送車でセンシングできるように搬送車を制御することで、搬送システムの効率をさらに向上することができる。 In addition to or instead of generating a command to direct the transport vehicle to the vicinity of an area with a status of "unknown" as described above, the command generating unit 4020 may generate a target command including a position where the area determined to be "untransportable" by the status determining unit 4040 can be sensed by a transported object detection sensor mounted on the transport vehicle as at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and travel route of the transport vehicle, so as to direct the transport vehicle to the vicinity of an area determined to be "untransportable" by the status determining unit 4040. In an area determined to be "untransportable", it is highly likely that a worker who has been notified of the status is working to make the area available for transport of objects such as carts, and the status may have changed to a state where self-propelled transport is possible. Therefore, the efficiency of the transport system can be further improved by controlling the transport vehicle so that such areas can be preferentially sensed by the transport vehicle.
 指令生成部4020は、上述したようなステータス「不明」となっているエリアの近くに搬送車を向かわせる指令を生成することに加えて、またはこれに替えて、ステータスの更新が行われていない時間が長いエリアの近くに搬送車が優先的に向かうように、ステータスの更新が行われていない時間が他エリアよりも長いエリアを搬送車に搭載された搬送物検出センサでセンシングできる位置を当該搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかとして含む目標指令を生成するようにしても良い。 In addition to generating a command to direct the transport vehicle to the vicinity of an area with a status of "unknown" as described above, or instead of this, the command generation unit 4020 may generate a target command that includes a position that can be sensed by a transported object detection sensor mounted on the transport vehicle as at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and travel route of the transport vehicle, in an area where the status has not been updated for a longer period of time than other areas, so that the transport vehicle is preferentially directed to the vicinity of an area where the status has not been updated for a longer period of time.
<処理フロー>
以下に、図9を用いて搬送車と固定搬送物検出センサと統括制御装置を含む搬送システムにより実施される制御フローを説明する。図9は、本実施形態に係る搬送システムの動作を変更する一例を示す図である。
<Processing flow>
A control flow performed by a transport system including a transport vehicle, a fixed transported object detection sensor, and a central control device will be described below with reference to Fig. 9. Fig. 9 is a diagram showing an example of changing the operation of the transport system according to the present embodiment.
まず、搬送車は、動作エリア160内に複数個所定義されたエリアについて搬送物のセンシングを行って、センシング情報を統括制御装置へ送信する(S101)。さらに、固定搬送物検出センサは、自センサのセンシング範囲について搬送物のセンシングを行って、センシング情報を統括制御装置へ送信する(S301)。統括制御装置は、搬送車と固定搬送物検出センサから搬送物のセンシング情報を受信する(S201)。 First, the transport vehicle senses the transported object in a number of areas defined within the operating area 160, and transmits the sensing information to the overall control device (S101). Furthermore, the fixed transported object detection sensor senses the transported object in its own sensing range, and transmits the sensing information to the overall control device (S301). The overall control device receives the transported object sensing information from the transport vehicle and the fixed transported object detection sensor (S201).
 次に、統括制御装置は、受信したセンシング情報に基づいてステータス判定部において、各エリアのステータスを更新する(S202)。次に、搬送車タスク管理部において搬送車のタスク実行状態を確認する(S203)。次に、指令生成部において搬送車の目標指令を生成すると共に、目標指令送信部により未完了のタスクが無い搬送車に対して目標生成指令を送信する(S204)。 Then, the overall control device updates the status of each area in the status determination unit based on the received sensing information (S202). Next, the task execution status of the transport vehicle is confirmed in the transport vehicle task management unit (S203). Next, the command generation unit generates a target command for the transport vehicle, and the target command transmission unit transmits a target generation command to transport vehicles that have no incomplete tasks (S204).
 次に、搬送車は、統括制御装置から目標指令を受信する(S102)。そして、受信した目標指令に応じて、搬送車の走行などを制御し、搬送物の搬送作業またはエリアの搬送物の有無センシング作業を実行する(S103)。 Next, the transport vehicle receives a target command from the central control device (S102). Then, in accordance with the received target command, the vehicle's travel is controlled, and the transport task is performed to transport the transported item or the task of sensing the presence or absence of the transported item in the area is performed (S103).
次に、統括制御装置は、搬送車状態受信部により搬送車から目標指令に基づくタスクが完了したことを受信して、搬送車タスク管理部により搬送車のタスクを更新する(S205)。 Next, the overall control device receives from the transport vehicle via the transport vehicle status receiving unit that the task based on the target command has been completed, and updates the transport vehicle's task via the transport vehicle task management unit (S205).
<動作の説明>
 図10は、本実施形態に係る動作エリアと搬送車の動作例を示す図である。上述したように、本発明の一実施形態による搬送システムは、動作エリア内に定義された複数のエリアのうち、基準時間以上、搬送物の有無をセンシングできていないステータス「不明」のエリアにおける搬送物の状態(あるいは「搬送不可状態」と判定されたエリアの搬送車の状態、あるいは、ステータスの更新が行われていない時間が長いエリアの搬送車の状態)を、搬送車に搭載されたセンサを利用して、より効率的に把握することができるようになる。図10に示す例では、統括制御装置は、搬送車10dに対して、作業エリア163の近傍を目的位置、経由位置、走行経路のいずれかとする目標指令を与えることにより、搬送車10dを作業エリア163の近傍に接近させることで、搬送車10dに搭載された搬送物検出センサ121により、ステータスが「不明」、または「搬送不可状態」となっている、あるいはステータスの更新が行われていない時間が長い作業エリア163における搬送物の状態をより効率的にセンシングすることができるようになる。
<Explanation of operation>
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the operation area and the operation of the transport vehicle according to this embodiment. As described above, the transport system according to one embodiment of the present invention can more efficiently grasp the state of the transported object in an area with a status of "unknown" where the presence or absence of the transported object has not been sensed for a reference time or more among a plurality of areas defined in the operation area (or the state of the transport vehicle in an area determined to be in a "transport unavailable state", or the state of the transport vehicle in an area where the status has not been updated for a long time) by using a sensor mounted on the transport vehicle. In the example shown in FIG. 10, the general control device issues a target command to the transport vehicle 10d to set the vicinity of the working area 163 as either a destination position, a via position, or a travel route, thereby causing the transport vehicle 10d to approach the vicinity of the working area 163, so that the transported object detection sensor 121 mounted on the transport vehicle 10d can more efficiently sense the state of the transported object in the working area 163 where the status is "unknown" or "transport unavailable", or where the status has not been updated for a long time.
 上述した実施例では、ステータス判定部において、動作エリア内の複数のエリアに対するステータスとして「搬送可能状態」、「搬送不可能状態」、「不明」の3つのステータスのいずれかを選択する、あるいは、「搬送可能状態」を更に「荷物あり、かつ搬送可能状態」と「荷物なし、かつ搬送可能状態」に分けて、「荷物あり、かつ搬送可能状態」、「荷物なし、かつ搬送可能状態」、「搬送不可能状態」、「不明」の4つのステータスのいずれかを選択する実施形態を説明したが、本発明はこれに限られず、例えば、ステータス判定部が、複数のエリアにおける搬送車の有無の検出結果に基づいて、「搬送車あり、かつ搬送可能状態」、「搬送車あり、かつ搬送不可能状態」、「搬送車無し」、「不明」の4つのステータスのいずれかを選択するようにし、ステータス「不明」、または「搬送車あり、かつ搬送不可能状態」となっている、作業エリアを搬送車に搭載された搬送物検出センサでセンシングできる位置を当該搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかとして含む目標指令を生成するようにしても良い。 In the above-mentioned embodiment, the status determination unit selects one of three statuses, "transportable state", "untransportable state", and "unknown", as the status for multiple areas within the operating area, or further divides the "transportable state" into "baggage present and transportable state" and "no baggage present and transportable state" and selects one of four statuses, "baggage present and transportable state", "no baggage present and transportable state", "untransportable state", and "unknown". However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the status determination unit may select one of four statuses, "transportable vehicle present and transportable state", "transportable vehicle present and untransportable state", "no transportable vehicle", and "unknown", based on the detection result of the presence or absence of a transport vehicle in multiple areas, and generate a target command that includes a position where a work area with the status "unknown" or "transportable vehicle present and untransportable state" can be sensed by a transport object detection sensor mounted on the transport vehicle as at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and travel route of the transport vehicle.
従来の自律走行方式(レーザー光などを利用した障害物検知センサにより障害物を検知し、障害物を避けて自律走行する方式)では、精度の高い搬送作業を実現することは難しく、また所定の位置と向きに所定の方法で停止させるためのシステム導入に手間がかかるという課題がある。また誘導方式(走行路面に敷設された誘導ラインに沿って走行する方式)では、誘導ラインを走行路面に敷設する必要があり、敷設作業を行う際に現場のオペレーションの妨げになったり、敷設された誘導ラインを傷めないように現場オペレーションを変更する必要が生じることがある。また、磁気誘導線を路面に埋め込むタイプの誘導ラインを敷設した後には、走行経路の変更が容易ではないという課題がある。 With conventional autonomous driving methods (methods that detect obstacles using obstacle detection sensors that use laser light or other devices and then autonomously drive while avoiding the obstacles), it is difficult to achieve highly accurate transport operations, and there is also the issue that it is time-consuming to introduce a system to stop the vehicle at a specified position and orientation in a specified manner. In addition, with guided methods (methods that run along guide lines laid on the road surface), the guide lines must be laid on the road surface, and laying the lines can interfere with on-site operations or require changes to on-site operations to avoid damaging the laid guide lines. In addition, there is an issue that it is not easy to change the travel route after laying guide lines that embed magnetic guide lines in the road surface.
 そのため、所定の方法で停止させたり、ベルトコンベアなどの他機器と連携させるための精度の高い搬送作業が求められるエリア(例えば、作業エリア161,162,163,164)は、誘導走行エリアと定義して、誘導方式で搬送車が走行可能となるように誘導ラインを敷設し、他のエリアは自律走行エリアと定義して、誘導ラインが無くても予め取得しているマップ情報をもとにして自律走行方式で指定された目的地に向かって搬送車を走行させることが望ましい。 For this reason, areas where highly accurate transport work is required, such as stopping in a specified manner or linking with other equipment such as belt conveyors (e.g., work areas 161, 162, 163, 164), are defined as guided driving areas, and guide lines are laid so that the transport vehicle can travel using a guided method, while other areas are defined as autonomous driving areas, and it is desirable to allow the transport vehicle to travel to a specified destination using an autonomous driving method based on previously acquired map information, even if there are no guide lines.
図11は、誘導ライン検出部16により誘導ライン1110を構成する二次元コードを検知した際の誘導ラインと搬送車の位置関係を示している。誘導ラインは二次元コード1000に示すような二次元平面上にコード情報が印刷された複数の二次元コードが誘導ラインの敷設方向に向かって並んで印刷されている。誘導ライン検出部16は、二次元コードを検出すると、当該二次元コードから取得したコード情報に基づいて、当該二次元コードの位置情報を取得することができる。 Figure 11 shows the positional relationship between the guide line and the transport vehicle when the guide line detection unit 16 detects the two-dimensional code that constitutes the guide line 1110. The guide line is a two-dimensional plane on which multiple two-dimensional codes with code information are printed, as shown in two-dimensional code 1000, and are printed side by side in the direction in which the guide line is laid. When the guide line detection unit 16 detects a two-dimensional code, it can obtain the position information of the two-dimensional code based on the code information obtained from the two-dimensional code.
図12は、誘導ライン検出部16により誘導ライン1110を構成する磁気テープを検知した際の誘導ラインと搬送車の位置関係を示している。図12に示す誘導ライン検出部16は、磁気テープを検出する磁気センサ17を搬送車の進行方向に向かって横方向に複数備える構成となっている。誘導ライン検出部16に設けられた複数の磁気センサ17は、それぞれ磁気テープを検出したか否かの検出信号を出力する。 Figure 12 shows the positional relationship between the guide line and the transport vehicle when the magnetic tape that constitutes the guide line 1110 is detected by the guide line detection unit 16. The guide line detection unit 16 shown in Figure 12 is configured to have multiple magnetic sensors 17 that detect the magnetic tape arranged horizontally in the direction of travel of the transport vehicle. Each of the multiple magnetic sensors 17 provided in the guide line detection unit 16 outputs a detection signal indicating whether or not a magnetic tape has been detected.
 以上、添付図面を参照しながら本開示の好適な実施形態について詳細に説明したが、本開示の技術的範囲はかかる例に限定されない。本開示の技術分野における通常の知識を有する者であれば、特許請求の範囲に記載された技術的思想の範疇内において、各種の変更例または修正例に想到し得ることは明らかであり、これらについても、当然に本開示の技術的範囲に属するものと了解される。 The above describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the attached drawings, but the technical scope of the present disclosure is not limited to such examples. It is clear that a person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present disclosure can conceive of various modified or revised examples within the scope of the technical ideas described in the claims, and it is understood that these also naturally fall within the technical scope of the present disclosure.
 本明細書において説明した装置は、単独の装置として実現されてもよく、一部または全部がネットワークで接続された複数の装置(例えばクラウドサーバ)等により実現されてもよい。例えば、搬送車の搬送車制御部130および記録部140は、互いにネットワークで接続された異なるサーバにより実現されてもよい。また、本明細書において説明した搬送システムでは、操縦機3000、統括制御装置4000、入出力装置5000、固定搬送物検出センサ8000がそれぞれネットワークを介して接続された別個のハードウェアで構成される例を説明したが、操縦機3000、統括制御装置4000、入出力装置5000の機能の一部又は全部が搬送車10に実装されていても良い。 The devices described in this specification may be realized as a single device, or may be realized by multiple devices (e.g., cloud servers) partially or completely connected via a network. For example, the vehicle control unit 130 and recording unit 140 of the vehicle may be realized by different servers connected to each other via a network. In addition, in the transport system described in this specification, an example has been described in which the control device 3000, the overall control device 4000, the input/output device 5000, and the fixed transported object detection sensor 8000 are each configured as separate hardware connected via a network, but some or all of the functions of the control device 3000, the overall control device 4000, and the input/output device 5000 may be implemented in the transport vehicle 10.
 本明細書において説明した装置による一連の処理は、ソフトウェア、ハードウェア、及びソフトウェアとハードウェアとの組合せのいずれを用いて実現されてもよい。本実施形態に係る搬送車制御部130の各機能を実現するためのコンピュータプログラムを作製し、PC等に実装することが可能である。また、このようなコンピュータプログラムが格納された、コンピュータで読み取り可能な記録媒体も提供することができる。記録媒体は、例えば、磁気ディスク、光ディスク、光磁気ディスク、フラッシュメモリ等である。また、上記のコンピュータプログラムは、記録媒体を用いずに、例えばネットワークを介して配信されてもよい。 The series of processes performed by the device described in this specification may be realized using software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. A computer program for realizing each function of the transport vehicle control unit 130 according to this embodiment may be created and implemented in a PC or the like. A computer-readable recording medium on which such a computer program is stored may also be provided. Examples of the recording medium include a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, and a flash memory. The above computer program may also be distributed, for example, via a network, without using a recording medium.
 また、本明細書においてフローチャート図を用いて説明した処理は、必ずしも図示された順序で実行されなくてもよい。いくつかの処理ステップは、並列的に実行されてもよい。また、追加的な処理ステップが採用されてもよく、一部の処理ステップが省略されてもよい。 Furthermore, the processes described in this specification using flowchart diagrams do not necessarily have to be performed in the order shown. Some processing steps may be performed in parallel. Furthermore, additional processing steps may be employed, and some processing steps may be omitted.
 また、本明細書に記載された効果は、あくまで説明的または例示的なものであって限定的ではない。つまり、本開示に係る技術は、上記の効果とともに、または上記の効果に代えて、本明細書の記載から当業者には明らかな他の効果を奏しうる。 Furthermore, the effects described in this specification are merely descriptive or exemplary and are not limiting. In other words, the technology disclosed herein may achieve other effects that are apparent to a person skilled in the art from the description in this specification, in addition to or in place of the above effects.
 なお、以下のような構成も本開示の技術的範囲に属する。
(項目1)
搬送物を搬送する搬送車と、当該搬送車の動作を制御する統括制御装置と、を備える搬送システムであって、
前記搬送車は、
前記搬送車の自車位置を推定する自車位置推定部と、
前記統括制御装置から少なくとも前記搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路のすくなくともいずれかに関する目標指令を受信する目標指令受信部と、
前記搬送物の状態をセンシングする検出部と、
前記検出部によるセンシングした前記搬送車の状態に関するセンシング情報を前記制御装置に送信するセンシング情報送信部と、を備え、
前記統括制御装置は、
前記センシング情報を受信するセンシング情報受信部と、
前記搬送車の作業エリアのマップ情報を記録するマップ記録部と、
前記センシング情報と前記マップ情報に基づいて、所定または動的に変更可能な基準時間以上センシングが実行されていないエリアをステータス不明と判定するステータス判定部と、
当該ステータス不明のエリアに関する情報に応じて、前記搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかに関する目標指令を生成する指令生成部と、
生成した前記目標指令を前記搬送車に送信する指令送信部と、を備え、
前記搬送車は、推定した前記自車位置と前記目標指令に応じて自車の走行を制御する搬送車制御部を備える、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
(項目2)
項目1に記載の搬送システムであって、
前記センシング情報受信部の受信する前記センシング情報は、前記搬送車の有無と、前記搬送物の有無をセンシングした位置とを特定可能な情報を含み、
前記ステータス判定部は、前記センシング情報と前記マップ情報に基づいて、前記作業エリア内に定義される複数のエリアにおける前記搬送物のステータスを更新する、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
(項目3)
項目2に記載の搬送システムであって、
前記ステータス判定部は、前記複数のエリア毎に、「搬送可能状態」、「搬送不可能状態」、「不明」の3つのステータスを少なくとも含み、
受信する前記センシング情報に応じて、前記ステータスを更新する、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
(項目4)
項目3に記載の搬送システムであって、
前記指令生成部は、前記ステータスが「不明」となっているエリア、または前記所定時間よりも短い第2の所定時間にわたり検出ステータスが更新されていないエリア、を前記検出部によりセンシングできる位置を前記搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかとして含む前記目標指令を生成する、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
(項目5)
項目4に記載の搬送システムであって、
前記搬送システムは、複数の前記搬送車を備え、
複数の前記搬送車は、前記統括制御装置から受信した前記目標指令に基づく未完了のタスク有の搬送車と、前記統括制御装置から受信した前記目標指令に基づく未完了のタスク無しの搬送車と、を含み、
前記指令送信部は、前記タスク無しの搬送車に対して、優先的に前記目標指令を送信する、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
(項目6)
項目4に記載の搬送システムであって、
前記搬送物は、荷物を搭載可能な台車、棚、パレットの少なくともいずれかであり、
前記検出部は、前記搬送物の有無を検出する搬送物検出センサ、および前記搬送物に所定の荷物が搭載されているか否かをセンシングする荷物検出センサを有する、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
(項目7)
項目2に記載の搬送システムであって、
前記ステータス判定部は、前記複数のエリア毎に、「荷物あり、かつ搬送可能状態」、「荷物なし、かつ搬送可能可能」、「搬送不可能状態」、「不明」、の4つのステータスを少なくとも含む検出ステータスを生成する、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
(項目8)
項目1に記載の搬送システムであって、
前記搬送システムは、さらに前記搬送物の状態をセンシングし、前記作業エリア内の設備に固定される固定搬送物検出センサを備え、
前記ステータス判定部は、前記指令生成部は、前記固定搬送物検出センサと前記搬送物検出センサによりセンシングした前記搬送物の状態に関するセンシング情報に応じて、所定または同的に変更可能な基準時間以上センシングが実行されていないステータス不明のエリアを判定する、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
(項目9)
搬送物を搬送する搬送車の動作を制御する統括制御装置を用いた搬送方法であって、
前記搬送車の作業エリアのマップ情報を記録するステップと
前記搬送車に搭載された検出部により検出される前記搬送物の状態に関するセンシング情報を取得するステップと、
前記センシング情報と前記マップ情報に基づいて、所定または動的に変更可能な基準時間以上センシングが実行されていないエリアをステータス不明と判定するステップと、
当該ステータス不明のエリアに関する情報に応じて前記搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかに関する目標指令を生成するステップと、
生成した前記目標指令を前記搬送車に送信するステップと、を備えることを特徴とする搬送方法。
(項目10)
搬送物を搬送する搬送車の動作を制御する統括制御装置を用いた搬送方法をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムであって、
前記プログラムは、前記搬送方法として、
前記搬送車の作業エリアのマップ情報を記録するステップと
前記搬送車に搭載された搬送物検出センサにより検出される前記搬送物の検出部に関するセンシング情報を取得するステップと、
前記センシング情報と前記マップ情報に基づいて、所定または動的に変更可能な基準時間以上センシングが実行されていないエリアをステータス不明と判定するステップと、
当該ステータス不明のエリアに関する情報に応じて前記搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかに関する目標指令を生成するステップと、
生成した前記目標指令を前記搬送車に送信するステップと、
をコンピュータに実行させるプログラム。
 
Note that the following configurations also fall within the technical scope of the present disclosure.
(Item 1)
A transport system including a transport vehicle that transports an object and an overall control device that controls the operation of the transport vehicle,
The transport vehicle is
a vehicle position estimating unit that estimates a vehicle position of the transport vehicle;
a target command receiving unit that receives a target command related to at least one of a destination position, a route position, and a travel route of the transport vehicle from the integrated control device;
A detection unit that senses a state of the transported object;
a sensing information transmission unit that transmits sensing information regarding the state of the transport vehicle sensed by the detection unit to the control device,
The integrated control device includes:
a sensing information receiving unit that receives the sensing information;
A map recording unit that records map information of a work area of the transport vehicle;
a status determination unit that determines, based on the sensing information and the map information, that an area in which sensing has not been performed for a predetermined or dynamically changeable reference time period or longer is in an unknown status;
a command generating unit that generates a target command regarding at least one of a destination position, a route position, and a travel route of the transport vehicle in response to information regarding the area whose status is unknown;
a command transmission unit that transmits the generated target command to the transport vehicle;
A transportation system, wherein the transportation vehicle includes a transportation vehicle control unit that controls traveling of the transportation vehicle in accordance with the estimated vehicle position and the target command.
(Item 2)
Item 1, a transport system comprising:
The sensing information received by the sensing information receiving unit includes information capable of identifying the presence or absence of the transport vehicle and a position where the presence or absence of the transported object is sensed,
The status determination unit updates the status of the transported object in a plurality of areas defined within the work area based on the sensing information and the map information.
(Item 3)
Item 2. The transport system according to item 2,
the status determination unit includes at least three statuses for each of the plurality of areas, namely, “transportable state”, “untransportable state”, and “unknown”,
A transport system comprising: a transport device that updates the status in response to the received sensing information.
(Item 4)
Item 3. The transport system according to item 3,
The conveying system is characterized in that the command generation unit generates the target command including a position at which the detection unit can sense an area where the status is ``unknown'' or an area where the detection status has not been updated for a second specified time that is shorter than the specified time, as at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and traveling route of the conveying vehicle.
(Item 5)
5. The transport system according to claim 4,
The transport system includes a plurality of the transport vehicles,
the plurality of transport vehicles include a transport vehicle having an incomplete task based on the target command received from the central control device, and a transport vehicle having no incomplete task based on the target command received from the central control device;
The transportation system according to claim 1, wherein the command transmitting unit transmits the target command preferentially to a transportation vehicle having no task.
(Item 6)
5. The transport system according to claim 4,
The transported object is at least one of a dolly, a shelf, and a pallet on which cargo can be carried,
The conveying system is characterized in that the detection unit has a conveying object detection sensor that detects the presence or absence of the conveying object, and a baggage detection sensor that senses whether a specified baggage is carried on the conveying object.
(Item 7)
Item 2. The transport system according to item 2,
A conveying system characterized in that the status determination unit generates a detection status for each of the multiple areas, the detection status including at least four statuses: "baggage present and transportable,""no baggage present and transportable,""transport not possible," and "unknown."
(Item 8)
Item 1, a transport system comprising:
The transport system further includes a fixed transport object detection sensor that senses a state of the transport object and is fixed to equipment within the work area;
The conveying system is characterized in that the status determination unit and the command generation unit determine an area of unknown status where sensing has not been performed for a predetermined or simultaneously changeable reference time or longer, based on sensing information regarding the state of the conveyed object sensed by the fixed conveyed object detection sensor and the conveyed object detection sensor.
(Item 9)
A transportation method using an integrated control device that controls the operation of a transportation vehicle that transports an object,
A step of recording map information of a working area of the transport vehicle and a step of acquiring sensing information regarding a state of the transported object detected by a detection unit mounted on the transport vehicle;
determining, based on the sensing information and the map information, that an area in which sensing has not been performed for a predetermined or dynamically changeable reference time period or longer is in an unknown status;
generating a target command for at least one of a destination position, a route position, and a travel route of the transport vehicle in response to information about the area whose status is unknown;
and transmitting the generated target command to the transportation vehicle.
(Item 10)
A program for causing a computer to execute a transportation method using an integrated control device that controls the operation of a transportation vehicle that transports an object,
The program includes the following steps as the conveying method:
A step of recording map information of a working area of the transport vehicle and a step of acquiring sensing information regarding a detection portion of the transported object detected by a transported object detection sensor mounted on the transport vehicle;
determining, based on the sensing information and the map information, that an area in which sensing has not been performed for a predetermined or dynamically changeable reference time period or longer is in an unknown status;
generating a target command for at least one of a destination position, a route position, and a travel route of the transport vehicle in response to information about the area whose status is unknown;
transmitting the generated target command to the carrier vehicle;
A program that causes a computer to execute the following.
 10:搬送車、 11:連結部、 121:搬送物検出センサ、 13:駆動輪、 14:非駆動輪、 16:誘導ライン検出部、 17:磁気センサー、
110:通信部、 120:検出部、 130:搬送車制御部、 140:記録部、
160:動作エリア、 161,162,163,164:作業エリア、
210 通信部、 220 記録部、 230 検出部、 240 入力部、 250 表示部、 260 制御部、 
 1110:誘導ライン、2000:台車、 2010:連結受け部、 3000:操縦機、4000:統括制御装置、 4010:マップ記録部、 4020:指令生成部、 4030:搬送車タスク管理部、 4040:ステータス判定部、
5000:入出力装置、 6000:通信ネットワーク、 7000:外部システム、
8000:固定搬送物検出センサ
 
10: Transport vehicle; 11: Connection portion; 121: Transported object detection sensor; 13: Drive wheel; 14: Non-drive wheel; 16: Guide line detection portion; 17: Magnetic sensor;
110: communication unit, 120: detection unit, 130: transport vehicle control unit, 140: recording unit,
160: operation area, 161, 162, 163, 164: working area,
210 communication unit, 220 recording unit, 230 detection unit, 240 input unit, 250 display unit, 260 control unit,
1110: Guide line, 2000: Cart, 2010: Connection receiving unit, 3000: Control device, 4000: Overall control device, 4010: Map recording unit, 4020: Command generating unit, 4030: Transport vehicle task management unit, 4040: Status determining unit,
5000: Input/output device, 6000: Communication network, 7000: External system,
8000: Fixed transport object detection sensor

Claims (10)

  1. 搬送物を搬送する搬送車と、当該搬送車の動作を制御する統括制御装置と、を備える搬送システムであって、
    前記搬送車は、
    前記搬送車の自車位置を推定する自車位置推定部と、
    前記統括制御装置から少なくとも前記搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路のすくなくともいずれかに関する目標指令を受信する目標指令受信部と、
    前記搬送物の状態をセンシングする検出部と、
    前記検出部によるセンシングした前記搬送車の状態に関するセンシング情報を前記制御装置に送信するセンシング情報送信部と、を備え、
    前記統括制御装置は、
    前記センシング情報を受信するセンシング情報受信部と、
    前記搬送車の作業エリアのマップ情報を記録するマップ記録部と、
    前記センシング情報と前記マップ情報に基づいて、所定または動的に変更可能な基準時間以上センシングが実行されていないエリアをステータス不明と判定するステータス判定部と、
    当該ステータス不明のエリアに関する情報に応じて、前記搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかに関する目標指令を生成する指令生成部と、
    生成した前記目標指令を前記搬送車に送信する指令送信部と、を備え、
    前記搬送車は、推定した前記自車位置と前記目標指令に応じて自車の走行を制御する搬送車制御部を備える、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
    A transport system including a transport vehicle that transports an object and an overall control device that controls the operation of the transport vehicle,
    The transport vehicle is
    a vehicle position estimating unit that estimates a vehicle position of the transport vehicle;
    a target command receiving unit that receives a target command related to at least one of a destination position, a route position, and a travel route of the transport vehicle from the integrated control device;
    A detection unit that senses a state of the transported object;
    a sensing information transmission unit that transmits sensing information regarding the state of the transport vehicle sensed by the detection unit to the control device,
    The integrated control device includes:
    a sensing information receiving unit that receives the sensing information;
    A map recording unit that records map information of a work area of the transport vehicle;
    a status determination unit that determines, based on the sensing information and the map information, that an area in which sensing has not been performed for a predetermined or dynamically changeable reference time period or longer is in an unknown status;
    a command generating unit that generates a target command regarding at least one of a destination position, a route position, and a travel route of the transport vehicle in response to information regarding the area whose status is unknown;
    a command transmission unit that transmits the generated target command to the transport vehicle;
    A transportation system, wherein the transportation vehicle includes a transportation vehicle control unit that controls traveling of the transportation vehicle in accordance with the estimated vehicle position and the target command.
  2. 請求項1に記載の搬送システムであって、
    前記センシング情報受信部の受信する前記センシング情報は、前記搬送車の有無と、前記搬送物の有無をセンシングした位置とを特定可能な情報を含み、
    前記ステータス判定部は、前記センシング情報と前記マップ情報に基づいて、前記作業エリア内に定義される複数のエリアにおける前記搬送物のステータスを更新する、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
    2. The transport system according to claim 1,
    The sensing information received by the sensing information receiving unit includes information capable of identifying the presence or absence of the transport vehicle and a position where the presence or absence of the transported object is sensed,
    The status determination unit updates the status of the transported object in a plurality of areas defined within the work area based on the sensing information and the map information.
  3. 請求項2に記載の搬送システムであって、
    前記ステータス判定部は、前記複数のエリア毎に、「搬送可能状態」、「搬送不可能状態」、「不明」の3つのステータスを少なくとも含み、
    受信する前記センシング情報に応じて、前記ステータスを更新する、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
    3. The transport system according to claim 2,
    the status determination unit includes at least three statuses for each of the plurality of areas, namely, “transportable state”, “untransportable state”, and “unknown”,
    A transport system comprising: a transport device that updates the status in response to the received sensing information.
  4. 請求項3に記載の搬送システムであって、
    前記指令生成部は、前記ステータスが「不明」となっているエリア、または前記所定時間よりも短い第2の所定時間にわたり検出ステータスが更新されていないエリア、を前記検出部によりセンシングできる位置を前記搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかとして含む前記目標指令を生成する、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
    4. The transport system according to claim 3,
    The conveying system is characterized in that the command generation unit generates the target command including a position at which the detection unit can sense an area where the status is ``unknown'' or an area where the detection status has not been updated for a second specified time that is shorter than the specified time, as at least one of the destination position, intermediate position, and traveling route of the conveying vehicle.
  5. 請求項4に記載の搬送システムであって、
    前記搬送システムは、複数の前記搬送車を備え、
    複数の前記搬送車は、前記統括制御装置から受信した前記目標指令に基づく未完了のタスク有の搬送車と、前記統括制御装置から受信した前記目標指令に基づく未完了のタスク無しの搬送車と、を含み、
    前記指令送信部は、前記タスク無しの搬送車に対して、優先的に前記目標指令を送信する、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
    5. The transport system according to claim 4,
    The transport system includes a plurality of the transport vehicles,
    the plurality of transport vehicles include a transport vehicle having an incomplete task based on the target command received from the central control device, and a transport vehicle having no incomplete task based on the target command received from the central control device;
    The transportation system according to claim 1, wherein the command transmitting unit transmits the target command preferentially to a transportation vehicle having no task.
  6. 請求項4に記載の搬送システムであって、
    前記搬送物は、荷物を搭載可能な台車、棚、パレットの少なくともいずれかであり、
    前記検出部は、前記搬送物の有無を検出する搬送物検出センサ、および前記搬送物に所定の荷物が搭載されているか否かをセンシングする荷物検出センサを有する、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
    5. The transport system according to claim 4,
    The transported object is at least one of a dolly, a shelf, and a pallet on which cargo can be carried,
    The conveying system is characterized in that the detection unit has a conveying object detection sensor that detects the presence or absence of the conveying object, and a luggage detection sensor that senses whether a specified luggage is carried on the conveying object.
  7. 請求項2に記載の搬送システムであって、
    前記ステータス判定部は、前記複数のエリア毎に、「荷物あり、かつ搬送可能状態」、「荷物なし、かつ搬送可能状態」、「搬送不可能状態」、「不明」、の4つのステータスを少なくとも含む検出ステータスを生成する、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
    3. The transport system according to claim 2,
    The status determination unit generates a detection status for each of the multiple areas, the detection status including at least four statuses: "baggage present and transportable,""no baggage present and transportable,""transport not possible," and "unknown."
  8. 請求項1に記載の搬送システムであって、
    前記搬送システムは、さらに前記搬送物の状態をセンシングし、前記作業エリア内の設備に固定される固定搬送物検出センサを備え、
    前記ステータス判定部は、前記指令生成部は、前記固定搬送物検出センサと前記搬送物検出センサによりセンシングした前記搬送物の状態に関するセンシング情報に応じて、所定または同的に変更可能な基準時間以上センシングが実行されていないステータス不明のエリアを判定する、ことを特徴とする搬送システム。
     
    2. The transport system according to claim 1,
    The transport system further includes a fixed transport object detection sensor that senses a state of the transport object and is fixed to equipment within the work area;
    The conveying system is characterized in that the status determination unit and the command generation unit determine an area of unknown status where sensing has not been performed for a predetermined or simultaneously changeable reference time or longer, based on sensing information regarding the state of the conveyed object sensed by the fixed conveyed object detection sensor and the conveyed object detection sensor.
  9. 搬送物を搬送する搬送車の動作を制御する統括制御装置を用いた搬送制御方法であって、
    前記搬送車の作業エリアのマップ情報を記録するステップと、
    前記搬送車に搭載された検出部により検出される前記搬送物の状態に関するセンシング情報を取得するステップと、
    前記センシング情報と前記マップ情報に基づいて、所定または動的に変更可能な基準時間以上センシングが実行されていないエリアをステータス不明と判定するステップと、
    当該ステータス不明のエリアに関する情報に応じて前記搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかに関する目標指令を生成するステップと、
    生成した前記目標指令を前記搬送車に送信するステップと、を備えることを特徴とする搬送制御方法。
     
    A transportation control method using an integrated control device that controls the operation of a transportation vehicle that transports an object,
    Recording map information of a work area of the transport vehicle;
    acquiring sensing information regarding a state of the transported object detected by a detection unit mounted on the transport vehicle;
    determining, based on the sensing information and the map information, that an area in which sensing has not been performed for a predetermined or dynamically changeable reference time period or longer is in an unknown status;
    generating a target command for at least one of a destination position, a route position, and a travel route of the transport vehicle in response to information about the area whose status is unknown;
    and transmitting the generated target command to the transportation vehicle.
  10. 搬送物を搬送する搬送車の動作を制御する統括制御装置を用いた搬送方法をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムであって、
    前記プログラムは、前記搬送方法として、
    前記搬送車の作業エリアのマップ情報を記録するステップと、
    前記搬送車に搭載された検出部により検出される前記搬送物の状態に関するセンシング情報を取得するステップと、
    前記センシング情報と前記マップ情報に基づいて、所定または動的に変更可能な基準時間以上センシングが実行されていないエリアをステータス不明と判定するステップと、
    当該ステータス不明のエリアに関する情報に応じて前記搬送車の目的位置、経由位置、走行経路の少なくともいずれかに関する目標指令を生成するステップと、
    生成した前記目標指令を前記搬送車に送信するステップと、
    をコンピュータに実行させるプログラム。

     
    A program for causing a computer to execute a transportation method using an integrated control device that controls the operation of a transportation vehicle that transports an object,
    The program includes the following steps as the conveying method:
    Recording map information of a work area of the transport vehicle;
    acquiring sensing information regarding a state of the transported object detected by a detection unit mounted on the transport vehicle;
    determining, based on the sensing information and the map information, that an area in which sensing has not been performed for a predetermined or dynamically changeable reference time period or longer is in an unknown status;
    generating a target command for at least one of a destination position, a route position, and a travel route of the transport vehicle in response to information about the area whose status is unknown;
    transmitting the generated target command to the carrier vehicle;
    A program that causes a computer to execute the following.

PCT/JP2022/035718 2022-09-26 2022-09-26 Conveyance system, conveyance control method, and program WO2024069702A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2022/035718 WO2024069702A1 (en) 2022-09-26 2022-09-26 Conveyance system, conveyance control method, and program
JP2023541047A JP7481058B1 (en) 2022-09-26 2022-09-26 TRANSPORT SYSTEM, TRANSPORT CONTROL METHOD, AND PROGRAM
JP2024067491A JP7504527B1 (en) 2022-09-26 2024-04-18 TRANSPORT SYSTEM, TRANSPORT CONTROL METHOD, AND PROGRAM

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2022/035718 WO2024069702A1 (en) 2022-09-26 2022-09-26 Conveyance system, conveyance control method, and program

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024069702A1 true WO2024069702A1 (en) 2024-04-04

Family

ID=90476647

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2022/035718 WO2024069702A1 (en) 2022-09-26 2022-09-26 Conveyance system, conveyance control method, and program

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (2) JP7481058B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2024069702A1 (en)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010055444A (en) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-11 Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd Robot system
WO2017077905A1 (en) * 2015-11-02 2017-05-11 日本電気株式会社 Display device, display method, and program
JP2018097408A (en) * 2016-12-08 2018-06-21 シャープ株式会社 Travel control apparatus, travel control method, travel control program and autonomous traveling device
JP6549813B1 (en) * 2017-12-18 2019-07-24 日鉄ソリューションズ株式会社 Allocation management apparatus, allocation management system, allocation management method, program, and storage medium
JP7034640B2 (en) * 2016-09-15 2022-03-14 東芝テック株式会社 Goods management device

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7517196B2 (en) 2021-02-17 2024-07-17 トヨタ自動車株式会社 TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM, TRANSPORTATION METHOD, AND PROGRAM

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010055444A (en) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-11 Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd Robot system
WO2017077905A1 (en) * 2015-11-02 2017-05-11 日本電気株式会社 Display device, display method, and program
JP7034640B2 (en) * 2016-09-15 2022-03-14 東芝テック株式会社 Goods management device
JP2018097408A (en) * 2016-12-08 2018-06-21 シャープ株式会社 Travel control apparatus, travel control method, travel control program and autonomous traveling device
JP6549813B1 (en) * 2017-12-18 2019-07-24 日鉄ソリューションズ株式会社 Allocation management apparatus, allocation management system, allocation management method, program, and storage medium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2024102116A (en) 2024-07-30
JP7504527B1 (en) 2024-06-24
JP7481058B1 (en) 2024-05-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11914354B2 (en) Systems and methods for automated guided vehicle control
US9568917B2 (en) Methods and systems for automated transportation of items between variable endpoints
US10061325B2 (en) Autonomous approach and object pickup
US11396428B2 (en) Flexible automated sorting and transport arrangement
US11378968B2 (en) Autonomous ground vehicle (AGV) cart for item distribution
US20240053754A1 (en) Conveyance system and conveyance control method
JP2022518012A (en) Autonomous broadcasting system for self-driving cars
JP2023071149A (en) Conveyance system and conveyance control method
CN116101939A (en) Cargo handling method, unmanned forklift and storage medium
JP7504527B1 (en) TRANSPORT SYSTEM, TRANSPORT CONTROL METHOD, AND PROGRAM
JP2024116236A (en) TRANSPORT SYSTEM, TRANSPORT CONTROL METHOD, AND PROGRAM
US20240059492A1 (en) Conveyance system and conveyance control method
JP2021086205A (en) Identification member, autonomous mobile device, connection system and connection method
JP7487990B1 (en) Transport vehicle travel control system and transport vehicle travel control method
JP7513338B2 (en) Transport system and transport control method
JP7301409B2 (en) Transport system and transport control method
JP7474857B2 (en) Control device, delivery system and control method
JP7464331B1 (en) Transport vehicle travel control system and transport vehicle travel control method
JP7540815B1 (en) Mobile object route generation system, route generation method, and program
JP7423979B2 (en) Transportation control device, transportation control method, program
WO2024150405A1 (en) Product display system and product display method
Dreyer Controlled as if by Magic
JPH03213255A (en) Collecting method for material handling information and operation plant
Bright et al. Variable sensor system for guidance and navigation of AGVs.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22960766

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1