WO2024065183A1 - 通信方法、装置及存储介质 - Google Patents

通信方法、装置及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024065183A1
WO2024065183A1 PCT/CN2022/121756 CN2022121756W WO2024065183A1 WO 2024065183 A1 WO2024065183 A1 WO 2024065183A1 CN 2022121756 W CN2022121756 W CN 2022121756W WO 2024065183 A1 WO2024065183 A1 WO 2024065183A1
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Prior art keywords
parameter
codeword
channel
mcs
sub
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PCT/CN2022/121756
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姜丹丹
徐宗本
刘欢
毕晓艳
蒋成龙
刘永
刘磊
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/121756 priority Critical patent/WO2024065183A1/zh
Publication of WO2024065183A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024065183A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, device and storage medium.
  • MIMO Massive Multi-input Multi-output
  • This technology uses spatial dimension resources to enable signals to obtain array gain, multiplexing and diversity gain, and interference cancellation gain in space without increasing system bandwidth, thereby exponentially increasing the capacity and spectrum efficiency of the communication system.
  • each transmitting antenna (virtual antenna or physical antenna) has an independent channel.
  • the number of antenna ports is large, the spatial resources are abundant and more scheduling layers can be supported; but at the same time, the amount of information required for channel quality feedback and scheduling control is also large.
  • the number of codewords that need to be processed by the scheduling will increase by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude, resulting in the number of modulation and coding schemes (MCS) that the network device needs to indicate to the terminal during downlink scheduling control to increase by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude; at the same time, the number of positive feedback (ACK)/negative feedback (NACK) fed back by the terminal to the network device will also increase by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude; these will increase the complexity of uplink and downlink scheduling, and ultimately affect the downlink throughput.
  • MCS modulation and coding schemes
  • ACK positive feedback
  • NACK negative feedback
  • these will increase the complexity of uplink and downlink scheduling, and ultimately affect the downlink throughput.
  • the control overhead of more MIMO parallel channels will affect the downlink throughput. In this way, under large-scale MIMO, as the number of scheduled streams increases, the overhead of scheduling instructions is large, affecting the spectrum efficiency.
  • the number of scheduled streams increases by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude, assuming that the mapping rules from codewords to layers can continue to be used, the number of channel quality indicators (CQI) fed back by the terminal to the network device will increase by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude; this will increase the uplink resource overhead and ultimately affect the uplink and downlink throughput. In this way, as the number of streams increases, the overhead of channel feedback increases, affecting the spectrum efficiency.
  • CQI channel quality indicators
  • the present application discloses a communication method, an apparatus and a storage medium, which can reduce channel feedback overhead or reduce channel scheduling indication overhead, thereby improving the spectrum efficiency of the system.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method.
  • the method may be executed by a communication device, or by a component of a communication device (e.g., a chip (system)).
  • the method may include: a receiving end sends a first reference signal. Then, the receiving end receives first information.
  • the first information indicates a first parameter and a second parameter.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are obtained based on the first reference signal.
  • the first parameter is used to characterize the correlation relationship between the channel gains of multiple subchannels.
  • the second parameter is used to characterize the channel gain of a first subchannel in a subchannel.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine one or more of the following:
  • the channel quality of the subchannel has a first granularity in the time domain and/or the frequency domain.
  • a receiving end receives a first parameter and a second parameter from a transmitting end.
  • the first parameter is used to characterize the correlation between the channel gains of the subchannels.
  • the second parameter is used to characterize the channel gain of the first subchannel in the subchannel.
  • the receiving end can determine the modulation and coding scheme of each codeword based on the first parameter and the second parameter. With this method, the receiving end can determine the modulation and coding scheme of each codeword only based on the received first parameter and the second parameter, which can reduce the channel feedback overhead and thus improve the spectrum efficiency of the system.
  • the first information further indicates an MCS mapping factor of each codeword in the plurality of codewords.
  • the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is used to characterize an adjustment amount of each codeword from a signal-to-noise ratio to mapping to a corresponding MCS.
  • each codeword can use the optimal MCS to transmit data.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each of the multiple codewords.
  • the method further includes: the receiving end obtains the signal-to-noise ratio of each of the multiple codewords according to the first parameter, the second parameter, and the mapping relationship between the subchannel and the codeword. Then, the receiving end obtains the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword.
  • the receiving end After receiving the first parameter and the second parameter, the receiving end can obtain the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the multiple codewords, and then calculate the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword.
  • the obtaining of the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the plurality of codewords according to the first parameter, the second parameter, and the mapping relationship between the subchannel and the codeword may include: the receiving end determines a first function according to the first parameter. The first function is used to characterize the relative size of the channel gain between the subchannels. Then, the receiving end obtains the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the plurality of codewords according to the first function, the second parameter, and the mapping relationship between the subchannel and the codeword.
  • the channel quality of each subchannel is jointly represented based on the first parameter and the second parameter.
  • the receiving end can determine the first function based on the first parameter.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword can be obtained according to the first function, the second parameter, and the mapping relationship between the subchannel and the codeword.
  • this solution can significantly reduce the channel feedback overhead.
  • obtaining the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword includes: obtaining the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword.
  • the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is used to characterize the adjustment amount of each codeword from the signal-to-noise ratio to the mapping to the corresponding MCS.
  • This method can make each codeword use the best MCS to transmit data by considering the influence of the MCS mapping factor of each codeword.
  • the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is preset.
  • the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is preconfigured.
  • the first parameter is associated with at least one of a trace of a covariance matrix of a channel matrix, a rank of the channel matrix, and a second parameter.
  • the channel matrix is acquired according to the first reference signal.
  • the first subchannel is the subchannel corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue in the channel matrix, that is, the channel gain of the first subchannel is the channel gain of the subchannel corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue in the channel matrix.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine a first granularity of the channel quality of the subchannel in the time domain and/or the frequency domain.
  • the method further includes: calculating the first granularity of the channel quality of the subchannel in the time domain and/or the frequency domain according to a change value of the first parameter and/or the second parameter in the time domain and/or the frequency domain and a preset threshold.
  • the transmitting end and the receiving end agree on the granularity of the channel quality of the sub-channel in the time domain and/or frequency domain to ensure the performance of the system.
  • the first information further indicates a second granularity of the channel quality of the sub-channel in the time domain and/or frequency domain.
  • the receiving end can adaptively determine the time-frequency domain resource granularity, thereby improving the spectrum efficiency of the MIMO system.
  • the second particle size is not larger than the first particle size.
  • the receiving end may use the second granularity based on the indication.
  • the receiving end may determine the first granularity based on the first parameter and the second parameter, and then use the first granularity.
  • the receiving end may determine the first granularity based on the first parameter and the second parameter.
  • the receiving end determines the granularity to be used based on the indicated second granularity and the determined first granularity. For example, the receiving end preferentially uses the second granularity.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method.
  • the method may be executed by a communication device, or by a component of a communication device (e.g., a chip (system)).
  • the method may include: a transmitting end receives a first reference signal from a receiving end.
  • the transmitting end obtains a first parameter and a second parameter based on the first reference signal.
  • the first parameter is used to characterize the correlation between the channel gains of multiple subchannels.
  • the second parameter is used to characterize the channel gain of a first subchannel in the subchannel.
  • the transmitting end sends a first information to the receiving end.
  • the first information indicates the first parameter and the second parameter.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine one or more of the following:
  • the first granularity of the channel quality of a subchannel is in the time domain and/or frequency domain.
  • the transmitting end obtains the first parameter and the second parameter based on the received first reference signal. Then, the transmitting end sends the first parameter and the second parameter to the receiving end so that the receiving end determines the MCS of each codeword according to the first parameter and the second parameter.
  • the transmitting end does not need to send the channel quality indication of each codeword, but only sends the first parameter and the second parameter to enable the receiving end to determine the MCS of each codeword, which can reduce the channel scheduling indication overhead and thus improve the spectrum efficiency of the system.
  • the first information further indicates an MCS mapping factor of each codeword in the plurality of codewords.
  • the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is used to characterize an adjustment amount of each codeword from a signal-to-noise ratio to mapping to a corresponding MCS.
  • each codeword can use the optimal MCS to transmit data.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each of the multiple codewords.
  • the method further includes: obtaining the signal-to-noise ratio of each of the multiple codewords according to the first parameter, the second parameter, and the mapping relationship from the subchannel to the codeword. Then, the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword is obtained according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword in the multiple codewords.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the multiple codewords is obtained according to the first parameter and the second parameter, and then the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword is calculated.
  • obtaining the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the plurality of codewords according to the first parameter, the second parameter, and the mapping relationship between the subchannel and the codeword includes: determining a first function according to the first parameter.
  • the first function is used to characterize the relative size of the channel gain between the subchannels.
  • obtaining the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the plurality of codewords includes: determining a first function according to the first parameter.
  • the first function is used to characterize the relative size of the channel gain between the subchannels.
  • the mapping relationship between the subchannel and the codeword obtaining the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the plurality of codewords.
  • the channel quality of each subchannel is jointly expressed based on the first parameter and the second parameter.
  • the first function can be determined based on the first parameter.
  • the second parameter and the mapping relationship between the subchannel and the codeword the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword can be obtained.
  • the method further includes: calculating an MCS mapping factor for each codeword according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword and the MCS of each codeword.
  • the MCS mapping factor for each codeword is used to characterize the adjustment amount of each codeword from the signal-to-noise ratio to the corresponding MCS.
  • This method can make each codeword use the best MCS to transmit data by considering the influence of the MCS mapping factor of each codeword.
  • the first parameter is associated with at least one of a trace of a covariance matrix of a channel matrix, a rank of the channel matrix, and the second parameter.
  • the channel matrix is acquired according to the first reference signal.
  • the first subchannel is the subchannel corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue in the channel matrix, that is, the channel gain of the first subchannel is the channel gain of the subchannel corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue in the channel matrix.
  • the first information further indicates a second granularity of the channel quality of the sub-channel in the time domain and/or frequency domain.
  • the method further includes: calculating a first granularity of the channel quality of the subchannel in the time domain and/or frequency domain according to a change value of the first parameter and/or the second parameter in the time domain and/or frequency domain and a preset threshold, and then determining the second granularity according to the first granularity.
  • the transmitting end and the receiving end agree on the granularity of the channel quality of the subchannel in the time domain and/or frequency domain to ensure the performance of the MIMO system.
  • the first granularity of the channel quality of the subchannel in the time domain and/or frequency domain is determined based on the first parameter and the second parameter, and the first granularity of the time-frequency domain resource can be adaptively adjusted to determine the second granularity, thereby improving the spectrum efficiency of the MIMO system.
  • the second particle size is not larger than the first particle size.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including:
  • a communication module configured to send a first reference signal
  • the communication module is further used to receive first information, where the first information indicates a first parameter and a second parameter, where the first parameter and the second parameter are obtained according to the first reference signal, where the first parameter is used to characterize an association relationship between channel gains of multiple sub-channels, where the second parameter is used to characterize a channel gain of a first sub-channel in the sub-channels, and where the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine one or more of the following:
  • the channel quality of the sub-channel has a first granularity in the time domain and/or the frequency domain.
  • the first information further indicates an MCS mapping factor of each codeword in the plurality of codewords, where the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is used to characterize an adjustment amount of each codeword from a signal-to-noise ratio to mapping to a corresponding MCS.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine a modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword in a plurality of codewords
  • the apparatus further includes a processing module, which is used to:
  • a modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword is obtained according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword.
  • processing module is further configured to:
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the multiple codewords is obtained according to the first function, the second parameter, and a mapping relationship between subchannels and codewords.
  • processing module is further configured to:
  • the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword is obtained according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword, and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is used to characterize the adjustment amount of each codeword from the signal-to-noise ratio to the corresponding MCS.
  • the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is preset, or the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is preconfigured.
  • the first parameter is associated with a trace of a covariance matrix of a channel matrix, a rank of the channel matrix, and at least one of the second parameters, and the channel matrix is acquired based on the first reference signal.
  • the first subchannel is the subchannel corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue in the channel matrix, that is, the channel gain of the first subchannel is the channel gain of the subchannel corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue in the channel matrix.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine a first granularity of the channel quality of the subchannel in the time domain and/or the frequency domain
  • the apparatus further includes a processing module, which is used to:
  • a first granularity of the channel quality of the subchannel in the time domain and/or frequency domain is calculated according to a change value of the first parameter and/or the second parameter in the time domain and/or frequency domain and a preset threshold.
  • the first information further indicates a second granularity of the channel quality of the sub-channel in the time domain and/or frequency domain.
  • processing module is further configured to:
  • the second particle size is determined according to the first particle size.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including:
  • a communication module configured to receive a first reference signal
  • a processing module configured to obtain a first parameter and a second parameter according to the first reference signal, wherein the first parameter is used to characterize the correlation relationship between channel gains of multiple sub-channels, and the second parameter is used to characterize the channel gain of a first sub-channel among the sub-channels;
  • the communication module is further used to send first information, where the first information indicates the first parameter and the second parameter, where the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine one or more of the following:
  • the channel quality of the sub-channel has a first granularity in the time domain and/or the frequency domain.
  • the first information further indicates an MCS mapping factor of each codeword in the plurality of codewords, where the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is used to characterize an adjustment amount of each codeword from a signal-to-noise ratio to mapping to a corresponding MCS.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine a modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword in a plurality of codewords, and the processing module is further used to:
  • a modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword is obtained according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword.
  • processing module is further configured to:
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the multiple codewords is obtained according to the first function, the second parameter, and a mapping relationship between subchannels and codewords.
  • processing module is further configured to:
  • the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is calculated according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword and the MCS of each codeword, and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is used to characterize the adjustment amount of each codeword from the signal-to-noise ratio to the corresponding MCS.
  • the first parameter is associated with a trace of a covariance matrix of a channel matrix, a rank of the channel matrix, and at least one of the second parameters, and the channel matrix is acquired based on the first reference signal.
  • the first subchannel is the subchannel corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue in the channel matrix, that is, the channel gain of the first subchannel is the channel gain of the subchannel corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue in the channel matrix.
  • the first information further indicates a second granularity of the channel quality of the sub-channel in the time domain and/or frequency domain.
  • processing module is further configured to:
  • the second particle size is determined according to the first particle size.
  • the processing module may be a processor, and the communication module may be a transceiver module, a transceiver, or a communication interface. It is understandable that the communication module may be a transceiver in the device, for example, implemented by an antenna, a feeder, and a codec in the device, or, if the communication device is a chip provided in the device, the communication module may be an input/output interface of the chip, for example, an input/output circuit, a pin, etc.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes one or more processors; wherein the one or more processors are used to execute computer programs stored in one or more memories, so that the communication device implements the method as described in any one of the first aspect, or implements the method as described in any one of the second aspect.
  • the communication device further includes the one or more memories.
  • the communication device is a chip or a chip system.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by a processor, implements a method as described in any one of the first aspect, or implements a method as described in any one of the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed, implements the method as described in any one of the first aspect, or implements the method as described in any one of the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, comprising a device as described in any one of the third aspect and a device as described in any one of the fourth aspect.
  • the device described in the third aspect, the device described in the fourth aspect, the device described in the fifth aspect, the computer storage medium described in the sixth aspect, the computer program product described in the seventh aspect, or the communication system described in the eighth aspect are all used to execute any method provided in the first aspect or any method provided in the second aspect. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a relative relationship between MIMO sub-channels provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a flow chart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a flow chart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system may include a terminal 101 and a network device 102.
  • the terminal 101 can also be called a terminal device, a user equipment (UE), a mobile station, a mobile terminal, etc.
  • the terminal can be widely used in various scenarios, for example, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IOT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, automatic driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation, smart city, etc.
  • the terminal can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a wearable device, a vehicle, a drone, a helicopter, an airplane, a ship, a robot, a mechanical arm, a smart home device, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal.
  • the network device 102 may be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB) in a fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, a next generation NodeB in a sixth generation (6G) mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system, etc.; it may also be a module or unit that completes part of the functions of a base station, for example, a centralized unit (CU) or a distributed unit (DU).
  • the network device 102 may be a macro base station, a micro base station or an indoor station, a relay node or a donor node, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the network device 102. For ease of description, the following description takes a base station as an example of a network device.
  • Base stations and terminals can be fixed or movable. Base stations and terminals can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on the water surface; they can also be deployed on aircraft, balloons, and artificial satellites in the air. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of base stations and terminals.
  • Base stations and terminals, base stations and base stations, and terminals and terminals can communicate through authorized spectrum, unauthorized spectrum, or both; they can communicate through spectrum below 6 gigahertz (GHz), spectrum above 6 GHz, or spectrum below 6 GHz and spectrum above 6 GHz.
  • GHz gigahertz
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communication.
  • the functions of the base station may also be performed by a module (such as a chip) in the base station, or by a control subsystem including the base station function.
  • the control subsystem including the base station function here may be a control center in the above-mentioned application scenarios such as smart grid, industrial control, smart transportation, smart city, etc.
  • the functions of the terminal may also be performed by a module (such as a chip or a modem) in the terminal, or by a device including the terminal function.
  • FIG. 2 it is a flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be applied to the aforementioned communication system, such as the communication system shown in Figure 1.
  • the communication method shown in Figure 2 may include steps 201-205.
  • steps 201-205 It should be understood that for the convenience of description, this application is described in the order of 201-205, and is not intended to be limited to execution in the above order.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the order of execution, execution time, number of executions, etc. of the above one or more steps.
  • the following description takes the execution subject of steps 201 and 205 of the communication method as a base station and the execution subject of steps 202-204 as a terminal as an example. This application is also applicable to other execution subjects. Steps 201-205 are as follows:
  • a base station sends a first reference signal to a terminal
  • the first reference signal can be a channel state information reference signal (Channel State Information Reference Signal, CSI-RS).
  • CSI-RS Channel State Information Reference Signal
  • the terminal receives the first reference signal
  • the terminal receives the first reference signal from the base station.
  • the terminal obtains a first parameter and a second parameter according to the first reference signal, where the first parameter is used to characterize an association relationship between channel gains of multiple subchannels, and the second parameter is used to characterize a channel gain of a first subchannel among the subchannels;
  • FIG. 3 it is a schematic diagram of the relative relationship between subchannels provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the figure includes a base station and a terminal UE, and also includes path 1 (line-of-sight (LoS) path, which refers to the transmission of signals between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna at a distance where they can "see each other", that is, subchannel 1) and path 2 (non-line-of-sight (NLoS) path, which uses multiple diffuse reflections of light to reconstruct the information of the obstructed target, that is, subchannel 2).
  • LoS line-of-sight
  • NoS non-line-of-sight
  • path 1 and path 2 at the two positions where the UE is located successively remains basically unchanged: for path 1, when the UE is at position A and position B, there is no obstruction between the UE and the base station, and the distance between the UE and the base station remains basically unchanged.
  • path 2 when the UE is at position A and position B, path 2 does not change basically.
  • path 1 and path 2 can be distinguished. Therefore, within a certain range, the observable multiple subchannel characteristic values of the UE will maintain a stable relative relationship.
  • the embodiment of the present application adopts the first parameter and the second parameter to jointly indicate the channel quality (such as channel gain) of multiple sub-channels.
  • the first parameter is used to characterize the correlation between the channel gains of the multiple sub-channels. It can be understood that the first parameter is used to characterize the distribution law between the sub-channels.
  • the second parameter is used to characterize the channel gain of a first subchannel in the subchannels, wherein the first subchannel may be any subchannel in the multiple subchannels.
  • the first subchannel is a subchannel with the largest channel gain among the multiple subchannels.
  • the first subchannel is the subchannel corresponding to the largest eigenvalue in the channel matrix.
  • the channel gain of each subchannel may be obtained based on the square of the eigenvalue of the corresponding subchannel.
  • the terminal acquires a channel matrix based on the first reference signal, and then calculates the first parameter and the second parameter according to the channel matrix.
  • the channel matrix is a kind of channel state information in the MIMO system.
  • the channel matrix contains the eigenvalues of multiple sub-channels.
  • the eigenvalues can be used to indicate the channel gain size of the corresponding sub-channel.
  • the first parameter is associated with at least one of the trace of the covariance matrix of the channel matrix, the rank of the channel matrix, and the second parameter.
  • the first parameter ⁇ can be expressed as:
  • H is the channel matrix
  • trace ⁇ is the trace
  • rank ⁇ is the rank
  • ⁇ 1 is the second parameter
  • ⁇ 1 is a constant
  • the reciprocal processing may be performed on it.
  • the second parameter ⁇ 1 may be the maximum eigenvalue in the channel matrix.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are only introduced by the above example.
  • the first parameter can also be expressed by other formulas.
  • the second parameter can also characterize the channel gain of other subchannels, or the second parameter can also be expressed in other forms. This solution does not impose strict restrictions on this.
  • the terminal sends first information to the base station, where the first information indicates the first parameter and the second parameter, where the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine a modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword in a plurality of codewords.
  • the terminal After obtaining the first parameter and the second parameter, the terminal feeds them back to the base station.
  • the base station receives the first information.
  • the base station receives the first parameter and the second parameter sent by the terminal, so as to determine the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword in the plurality of codewords according to the first parameter and the second parameter.
  • the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) is assigned by the base station using a link adaptation algorithm.
  • the assigned MCS is sent to the terminal as a signal through the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH).
  • PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
  • MCS defines the number of valid bits that a Resource Element (RE) can carry.
  • MCS defines two parts, modulation scheme (Modulation) and code rate (Code Rate).
  • the terminal obtains the first parameter and the second parameter based on the first reference signal, and then sends the first parameter and the second parameter to the base station.
  • the base station determines the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword in the multiple codewords based on the received first parameter and the second parameter.
  • the method further includes:
  • the base station obtains the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the plurality of codewords according to the first parameter, the second parameter and the mapping relationship between the subchannel and the codeword. Then, the base station obtains the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword.
  • mapping relationship between subchannels and codewords is agreed upon by the protocol. For example, in the NR protocol, when a user has 8 subchannels (or 8 transport layers) and 2 codewords, each codeword will be mapped to 4 different subchannels. Therefore, the mapping relationship between subchannels and codewords is preset.
  • the signal-to-interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) of a codeword is the ratio of the signal power to the noise power in the time-frequency domain where the codeword is located.
  • the base station determines a first function according to the first parameter, where the first function is used to characterize the relative size of the channel gain between the multiple subchannels (that is, the relative value of the characteristic value of the MIMO subchannel). Then, the base station obtains the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the multiple codewords according to the first function, the second parameter, and the mapping relationship between the subchannel and the codeword. Furthermore, the base station obtains the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword.
  • the base station determines the first function from a preset function cluster based on the size of the first parameter.
  • the preset function cluster may be agreed upon by the terminal and the base station.
  • the relative value of the characteristic value of each subchannel in the multiple subchannels can be obtained.
  • the characteristic value of each subchannel can be obtained.
  • the channel gain size of each subchannel is obtained by squaring the characteristic value of each subchannel.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the multiple codewords of the terminal can be obtained.
  • the MCS of each codeword can be calculated.
  • the preset function cluster G(x) can be expressed as:
  • N represents the total number of subchannels of the terminal, and N is an integer not less than 2.
  • the first function can be determined according to the value of the first parameter ⁇ .
  • the characteristic value ⁇ x of each subchannel can be obtained based on the relative value of the second parameter ⁇ 1 and the characteristic value of each subchannel.
  • the characteristic value ⁇ x of each subchannel can be expressed as:
  • g(1) is the relative value of the eigenvalue of the first subchannel.
  • the channel gain of each subchannel can be obtained It can be expressed as:
  • N m represents the total number of subchannels mapped to the mth codeword.
  • m f(x), i.e., f:x ⁇ m, represents the mapping relationship from subchannel x to codeword m.
  • ⁇ represents the mapping relationship.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of the mth codeword of the terminal can be expressed as:
  • the channel gain, noise power, and interference power of the x-th subchannel It represents the process of generating SINR m from the channel gain, noise power, and interference power of the subchannel corresponding to the mth codeword. This process is implemented internally. Among them, the noise can be obtained by excluding the estimated signal on a given time-frequency resource grid, and the noise power can be estimated. Interference power It can be measured by zero-power CSI-RS.
  • the value (order) of the modulation and coding scheme MCS from the codeword SINR m can be expressed as:
  • MCS m SINR m + ⁇ m
  • MCS m represents the order of MCS of the mth codeword
  • ⁇ m represents the adjustment factor from SINR to the order of MCS of the mth codeword.
  • OLLA Outer Loop Link Adaptation
  • the base station can obtain the MCS of each codeword based on the order of the MCS of each codeword for subsequent scheduling processing.
  • the terminal calculates the first parameter and the second parameter based on the first reference signal from the base station. These two parameters are used to characterize the channel quality (such as channel gain) of the MIMO subchannel. Then the terminal sends these two parameters to the base station so that the base station determines the modulation and coding scheme of each codeword of the terminal based on the first parameter and the second parameter. With this method, the terminal does not need to send the channel quality indication CQI of each codeword, but only sends the first parameter and the second parameter to enable the base station to determine the modulation and coding scheme of each codeword, which can reduce the channel feedback overhead and thus improve the spectrum efficiency of the MIMO system.
  • FIG. 4 there is a flow chart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be applied to the aforementioned communication system, such as the communication system shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 4 may include steps 401-405. It should be understood that, for the convenience of description, the present application is described in the order of 401-405, and is not intended to be limited to execution in the above order. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the order of execution, execution time, number of executions, etc. of the above one or more steps.
  • Steps 401-405 are as follows:
  • the terminal sends a first reference signal to the base station
  • the first reference signal can be a sounding reference signal (Sounding Reference Signal, SRS).
  • SRS Sounding Reference Signal
  • the base station receives the first reference signal
  • the base station receives the first reference signal from the terminal.
  • the base station obtains, according to the first reference signal, a first parameter, a second parameter, and an MCS mapping factor of each codeword in the multiple codewords, wherein the first parameter is used to characterize an association relationship between channel gains of multiple subchannels, the second parameter is used to characterize a channel gain of a first subchannel in the subchannels, and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is used to characterize an adjustment amount of each codeword from a signal-to-noise ratio to mapping to a corresponding MCS;
  • the base station acquires a channel matrix based on the first reference signal, and then calculates the first parameter and the second parameter according to the channel matrix.
  • the first parameter is associated with at least one of the trace of the covariance matrix of the channel matrix, the rank of the channel matrix, and the second parameter.
  • the first parameter ⁇ can be expressed as:
  • H is the channel matrix
  • trace ⁇ is the trace
  • rank ⁇ is the rank
  • ⁇ 1 is the second parameter
  • ⁇ 1 is a constant
  • the second parameter ⁇ 1 may be the maximum eigenvalue in the channel matrix.
  • the channel gain of each subchannel may be obtained based on the square of the eigenvalue of the corresponding subchannel.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are only introduced by the above example.
  • the first parameter can also be expressed by other formulas.
  • the second parameter can also characterize the channel gain of other subchannels, or the second parameter can also be expressed in other forms. This solution does not impose strict restrictions on this.
  • each codeword can use the optimal MCS to transmit data.
  • the MCS mapping factor is an adjustment amount for mapping from the signal-to-noise ratio SINR to the MCS.
  • the base station obtains the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the multiple codewords according to the first parameter, the second parameter, and the mapping relationship between the subchannel and the codeword.
  • the base station obtains the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword. Then, the base station calculates the MCS mapping factor of each codeword based on the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword and the MCS of each codeword.
  • the following introduces the implementation method of calculating the MCS of each codeword by the base station.
  • the base station determines a first function according to the first parameter, where the first function is used to characterize the relative size of the channel gain between the MIMO subchannels. Then, the base station obtains the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the multiple codewords according to the first function, the second parameter, and the mapping relationship between the subchannel and the codeword. Furthermore, the base station obtains the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword.
  • the base station determines the first function from a preset function cluster based on the size of the first parameter.
  • the preset function cluster may be agreed upon by the terminal and the base station.
  • the relative value of the characteristic value of each subchannel in the MIMO subchannel can be obtained.
  • the characteristic value of each subchannel can be obtained.
  • the channel gain size of each subchannel is obtained by squaring the characteristic value of each subchannel.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the terminal multiple codewords can be obtained.
  • the MCS of each codeword can be calculated.
  • step 205 For the implementation method of calculating the MCS of each codeword by the base station, reference may be made to the description of step 205 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , which will not be described in detail here.
  • the following introduces the implementation method of calculating the MCS mapping factor by the base station.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of the mth codeword of the terminal can be expressed as:
  • step 205 in, Respectively represent the channel gain, noise power, and interference power of the x-th subchannel, It represents the process of generating SINR m from the channel gain, noise power and interference power of the subchannel corresponding to the mth codeword.
  • step 205 in the embodiment shown in FIG2 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the order of the modulation and coding scheme MCS from the codeword SINR m can be expressed as:
  • MCS m SINR m + ⁇ m
  • MCS m represents the order of MCS of the mth codeword
  • ⁇ m represents the adjustment factor (i.e., MCS mapping factor) from SINR to MCS order of the mth codeword.
  • the above process of solving the MCS order can be implemented internally, for example, it can be obtained through outer loop link adaptation OLLA.
  • the base station can calculate the MCS mapping factor ⁇ m of each codeword based on the calculated MCS and signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword.
  • the base station sends first information to the terminal, where the first information indicates the first parameter, the second parameter, and an MCS mapping factor of each codeword in the multiple codewords, and the first parameter, the second parameter, and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword are used to determine a modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword.
  • the base station sends the first parameter, the second parameter, and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword in the multiple codewords to the terminal.
  • the terminal receives the first information.
  • the terminal receives the first parameter, the second parameter and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword sent by the base station, so as to determine the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword according to the first parameter, the second parameter and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword.
  • the base station obtains the first parameter, the second parameter and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword based on the first reference signal, and then sends the first parameter, the second parameter and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword to the terminal.
  • the terminal determines the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword in multiple codewords based on the received first parameter, the second parameter and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword.
  • the method further includes:
  • the terminal obtains the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the plurality of codewords according to the first parameter, the second parameter and the mapping relationship between the subchannel and the codeword. Then, the terminal obtains the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword.
  • the MCS mapping factor of each codeword may be preset.
  • the MCS mapping factor of each codeword may be preconfigured by the base station.
  • the terminal determines a first function according to the first parameter. Then, the terminal obtains a signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the multiple codewords according to the first function, the second parameter, and a mapping relationship between subchannels and codewords. Furthermore, the terminal obtains a modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword and an MCS mapping factor of each codeword, so as to be used for subsequent scheduling processing by the receiver.
  • the base station obtains the first parameter, the second parameter and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword based on the received first reference signal.
  • the base station sends the first parameter, the second parameter and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword to the terminal, so that the terminal determines the MCS of each codeword according to the first parameter, the second parameter and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword.
  • the base station only needs to send the first parameter, the second parameter and the MCS mapping factor to enable the terminal to determine the MCS of each codeword, which can reduce the channel scheduling indication overhead and thus improve the spectrum efficiency of the MIMO system.
  • the embodiments shown in the above-mentioned Figures 2 and 4 are introduced by taking the first parameter and the second parameter as an example for determining the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword in a plurality of codewords.
  • the following is introduced by taking the first parameter and the second parameter as shown in Figure 5 as an example for determining the first granularity of the channel quality of the MIMO subchannel in the time domain and/or frequency domain.
  • FIG. 5 it is a flow chart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be applied to the aforementioned communication system, such as the communication system shown in Figure 1.
  • the communication method shown in Figure 5 may include steps 501-505.
  • steps 501-505. It should be understood that for the convenience of description, this application is described in the order of 501-505, and is not intended to be limited to execution in the above order.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the order of execution, execution time, number of executions, etc. of the above one or more steps.
  • the following description takes the execution subject of steps 501 and 505 of the communication method as a terminal, and the execution subject of 502-504 as a base station as an example. This application is also applicable to other execution subjects.
  • Steps 501-505 are as follows:
  • the terminal sends a first reference signal to the base station
  • the first reference signal may be a sounding reference signal SRS.
  • the base station receives the first reference signal
  • the base station receives the first reference signal from the terminal.
  • the base station obtains, according to the first reference signal, a first parameter, a second parameter, and a first granularity of channel quality of multiple subchannels in a time domain and/or a frequency domain, wherein the first parameter is used to characterize an association relationship between channel gains of the multiple subchannels, and the second parameter is used to characterize a channel gain of a first subchannel among the subchannels;
  • the implementation method for the base station to obtain the first parameter and the second parameter according to the first reference signal can refer to the record of step 403 in the embodiment shown in Figure 4 above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the base station and the terminal agree on the granularity of the channel quality of the MIMO subchannel in the time domain and/or frequency domain to ensure the performance of the MIMO system.
  • the channel qualities of all subchannels in this solution are the same at a first granularity in the time domain and/or frequency domain.
  • the base station calculates a first granularity of the channel quality of the sub-channel in the time domain according to a change value of the first parameter in the time domain and a preset threshold.
  • the dependent variable t represents time.
  • H(t) represents the channel matrix at time t
  • ⁇ 1 (t) represents the first eigenvalue of the channel matrix H(t), that is, the channel gain of the first subchannel.
  • ⁇ n (t) represents the eigenvalue of the nth subchannel at time t.
  • ⁇ t is the first granularity of the channel quality of all sub-channels in the multiple sub-channels in the time domain.
  • ⁇ 0 is the preset threshold.
  • ⁇ t is the first granularity of the channel quality of all sub-channels in the time domain.
  • ⁇ is the preset threshold.
  • the base station may also calculate a first granularity of the channel quality of the sub-channel in the frequency domain according to a change value of the first parameter in the frequency domain and a preset threshold.
  • the dependent variable f represents frequency.
  • H(f) represents the channel matrix at frequency f
  • ⁇ 1 (f) represents the first eigenvalue of the channel matrix H(f), that is, the channel gain of the first subchannel.
  • ⁇ n (f) represents the eigenvalue of the nth subchannel at frequency f.
  • ⁇ f is the first granularity of the channel quality of all sub-channels in the frequency domain.
  • ⁇ 1 is the preset threshold.
  • ⁇ f is the first granularity of the channel quality of all sub-channels in the frequency domain.
  • ⁇ 2 is the preset threshold.
  • ⁇ t is the first granularity of the channel quality of all subchannels in the time domain.
  • ⁇ 0 is the preset threshold.
  • ⁇ t is the first granularity of the channel quality of all sub-channels in the time domain.
  • ⁇ is the preset threshold.
  • the base station may also calculate a first granularity of the channel quality of the plurality of sub-channels in the frequency domain according to a change value of the second parameter in the frequency domain and a preset threshold.
  • ⁇ f is the first granularity of the channel quality of all subchannels in the multiple subchannels in the frequency domain.
  • ⁇ 1 is the preset threshold.
  • ⁇ f is the first granularity of the channel quality of all sub-channels in the frequency domain.
  • ⁇ 2 is the preset threshold.
  • the base station calculates a first granularity of the channel quality of all sub-channels in the time domain according to a change value of the first parameter in the time domain, a change value of the second parameter in the time domain, and a preset threshold.
  • ⁇ t is the first granularity of the channel quality of all sub-channels in the time domain.
  • ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 3 are both preset thresholds.
  • ⁇ t is the first granularity of the channel quality of all sub-channels in the time domain.
  • ⁇ 4 and ⁇ 4 are both preset thresholds.
  • the base station also calculates a first granularity of the channel quality of all sub-channels in the frequency domain according to the change value of the first parameter in the frequency domain, the change value of the second parameter in the frequency domain, and a preset threshold.
  • ⁇ f is the first granularity of the channel quality of all sub-channels in the frequency domain.
  • ⁇ 5 and ⁇ 5 are both preset thresholds.
  • ⁇ f is the first granularity of the channel quality of all sub-channels in the frequency domain.
  • ⁇ 6 and ⁇ 6 are both preset thresholds.
  • the base station sends first information to the terminal, where the first information indicates the first parameter, the second parameter, and a second granularity of the channel quality of the subchannel in the time domain and/or the frequency domain, and the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine the first granularity of the channel quality of the subchannel in the time domain and/or the frequency domain.
  • the base station may determine a first granularity of the channel quality of the subchannel in the time domain and/or frequency domain based on the above step 503. Furthermore, the base station may determine a second granularity based on the first granularity.
  • the base station may indicate a second granularity that is not greater than the first granularity to the terminal based on the obtained first granularity. For example, if the first granularity is 4 RB, the base station may determine 2 RB, 3 RB, or 4 RB as the second granularity.
  • the terminal receives the first information.
  • the terminal may determine a first granularity based on the received first parameter and second parameter, and then the terminal uses the first granularity.
  • the terminal determines to use the second granularity based on the second granularity indicated by the base station.
  • the terminal may determine the first granularity based on the received first parameter and the second parameter. Further, the terminal may determine the granularity used by the terminal based on the first granularity determined by the terminal and the second granularity indicated by the base station. For example, the terminal preferentially uses the second granularity indicated by the base station. Alternatively, the terminal may also use any granularity that is not greater than the first granularity.
  • the terminal may also use other methods to determine the granularity it uses, and this solution does not impose strict restrictions on this.
  • the base station obtains the first parameter, the second parameter, and the second granularity of the channel quality of the MIMO subchannel in the time domain and/or frequency domain based on the first reference signal, and then sends the first parameter, the second parameter, and the second granularity to the terminal.
  • the terminal can determine the granularity used by the terminal in the time domain and/or frequency domain based on the received first parameter, the second parameter, and the second granularity.
  • the receiving end can adaptively determine the granularity of time-frequency domain resources, thereby improving the spectrum efficiency of the MIMO system.
  • the division of multiple units or modules is only a logical division based on function, and is not a limitation on the specific structure of the device.
  • some functional modules may be subdivided into more small functional modules, and some functional modules may also be combined into one functional module, but no matter whether these functional modules are subdivided or combined, the general process performed by the device is the same.
  • some devices contain a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the sending unit and the receiving unit can also be integrated into a communication unit, which can implement the functions implemented by the receiving unit and the sending unit.
  • each unit corresponds to its own program code (or program instruction), and when the program code corresponding to each of these units runs on the processor, the unit is controlled by the processing unit to execute the corresponding process to implement the corresponding function.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a device for implementing any of the above methods, for example, providing a communication device including a module (or means) for implementing each step performed by the terminal in any of the above methods.
  • a communication device including a module (or means) for implementing each step performed by the terminal in any of the above methods.
  • another communication device is also provided, including a module (or means) for implementing each step performed by the base station in any of the above methods.
  • FIG. 6 it is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device is used to implement the aforementioned communication method, such as the communication method shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4, and Fig. 5.
  • the device may include a communication module 601, specifically as follows:
  • the communication module 601 is configured to send a first reference signal
  • the communication module 601 is further used to receive first information, where the first information indicates a first parameter and a second parameter, where the first parameter and the second parameter are obtained according to the first reference signal, where the first parameter is used to characterize an association relationship between channel gains of multiple subchannels, where the second parameter is used to characterize a channel gain of a first subchannel in the MIMO subchannel, and where the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine one or more of the following:
  • the channel quality of the MIMO subchannel has a first granularity in the time domain and/or the frequency domain.
  • the first information further indicates an MCS mapping factor of each codeword in the plurality of codewords, where the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is used to characterize an adjustment amount of each codeword from a signal-to-noise ratio to mapping to a corresponding MCS.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine a modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword in a plurality of codewords
  • the apparatus further includes a processing module, which is used to:
  • a modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword is obtained according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword.
  • processing module is further configured to:
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the multiple codewords is obtained according to the first function, the second parameter, and a mapping relationship between subchannels and codewords.
  • processing module is further configured to:
  • the modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword is obtained according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword, and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is used to characterize the adjustment amount of each codeword from the signal-to-noise ratio to the corresponding MCS.
  • the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is preset, or the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is preconfigured.
  • the first parameter is associated with a trace of a covariance matrix of a channel matrix, a rank of the channel matrix, and at least one of the second parameters, and the channel matrix is acquired based on the first reference signal.
  • the first sub-channel is a sub-channel corresponding to a maximum eigenvalue in the channel matrix.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine a first granularity of the channel quality of the MIMO subchannel in the time domain and/or the frequency domain
  • the apparatus further includes a processing module, which is used to:
  • a first granularity of the channel quality of the MIMO subchannel in the time domain and/or frequency domain is calculated based on a change value of the first parameter and/or the second parameter in the time domain and/or frequency domain and a preset threshold.
  • the first information further indicates a second granularity of the channel quality of the MIMO sub-channel in the time domain and/or frequency domain.
  • the device further includes a processing module, configured to:
  • the second particle size is determined according to the first particle size.
  • FIG. 7 it is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device is used to implement the aforementioned communication method, such as the communication method shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4, and Fig. 5.
  • the device may include a communication module 701 and a processing module 702, as follows:
  • the communication module 701 is configured to receive a first reference signal
  • a processing module 702 is configured to obtain a first parameter and a second parameter according to the first reference signal, wherein the first parameter is used to characterize the correlation relationship between channel gains of multiple sub-channels, and the second parameter is used to characterize the channel gain of a first sub-channel among the sub-channels;
  • the communication module is further used to send first information, where the first information indicates the first parameter and the second parameter, where the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine one or more of the following:
  • the channel quality of the sub-channel has a first granularity in the time domain and/or the frequency domain.
  • the first information further indicates an MCS mapping factor of each codeword in the plurality of codewords, where the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is used to characterize an adjustment amount of each codeword from a signal-to-noise ratio to mapping to a corresponding MCS.
  • the first parameter and the second parameter are used to determine a modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword in a plurality of codewords, and the processing module 702 is further configured to:
  • a modulation and coding scheme MCS of each codeword is obtained according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword.
  • processing module 702 is further configured to:
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword in the multiple codewords is obtained according to the first function, the second parameter, and a mapping relationship between subchannels and codewords.
  • processing module 702 is further configured to:
  • the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is calculated according to the signal-to-noise ratio of each codeword and the MCS of each codeword, and the MCS mapping factor of each codeword is used to characterize the adjustment amount of each codeword from the signal-to-noise ratio to the corresponding MCS.
  • the first parameter is associated with a trace of a covariance matrix of a channel matrix, a rank of the channel matrix, and at least one of the second parameters, and the channel matrix is acquired based on the first reference signal.
  • the first sub-channel is a sub-channel corresponding to a maximum eigenvalue in the channel matrix.
  • the first information further indicates a second granularity of the channel quality of the sub-channel in the time domain and/or frequency domain.
  • processing module 702 is further configured to:
  • the second particle size is determined according to the first particle size.
  • each module in each of the above devices is only a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into one physical entity, or they can be physically separated.
  • the modules in the communication device can be implemented in the form of a processor calling software; for example, the communication device includes a processor, the processor is connected to a memory, and instructions are stored in the memory.
  • the processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or realize the functions of each module of the device, wherein the processor is, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory is a memory inside the device or a memory outside the device.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • microprocessor a microprocessor
  • the modules in the device may be implemented in the form of hardware circuits, and the functions of some or all units may be implemented by designing the hardware circuits, and the hardware circuits may be understood as one or more processors; for example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and the functions of some or all of the above units may be implemented by designing the logical relationship of the components in the circuit; for another example, in another implementation, the hardware circuit may be implemented by a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field programmable gate array (FPGA) may be used as an example, which may include a large number of logic gate circuits, and the connection relationship between the logic gate circuits may be configured by a configuration file, so as to implement the functions of some or all of the above units. All modules of the above devices may be implemented in the form of a processor calling software, or in the form of hardware circuits, or in part by a processor calling software, and the rest by hardware circuits.
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate
  • FIG8 it is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 800 shown in FIG8 (the device 800 may be a computer device) includes a memory 801, a processor 802, a communication interface 803, and a bus 804. Among them, the memory 801, the processor 802, and the communication interface 803 are connected to each other through the bus 804.
  • Memory 801 can be a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device or a random access memory (RAM).
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • the memory 801 can store programs. When the program stored in the memory 801 is executed by the processor 802, the processor 802 and the communication interface 803 are used to execute the various steps of the communication method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor 802 is a circuit with signal processing capability.
  • the processor 802 may be a circuit with instruction reading and running capability, such as a central processing unit CPU, a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which may be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP); in another implementation, the processor 802 may implement certain functions through the logical relationship of a hardware circuit, and the logical relationship of the hardware circuit may be fixed or reconfigurable, such as the processor 802 being a hardware circuit implemented by an ASIC or a programmable logic device PLD, such as an FPGA.
  • a programmable logic device PLD such as an FPGA.
  • the process of the processor loading a configuration document to implement the hardware circuit configuration may be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above modules.
  • it may also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which may be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), a tensor processing unit (TPU), a deep learning processing unit (DPU), etc.
  • the processor 802 is used to execute relevant programs to implement the functions that need to be performed by the units in the communication device of the embodiment of the present application, or to execute the communication method of the method embodiment of the present application.
  • each module in the above device can be one or more processors (or processing circuits) configured to implement the above method, such as: CPU, GPU, NPU, TPU, DPU, microprocessor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or a combination of at least two of these processor forms.
  • the modules in the above device can be fully or partially integrated together, or can be implemented independently.
  • these modules are integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).
  • SOC may include at least one processor for implementing any of the above methods or implementing the functions of the modules of the device.
  • the type of the at least one processor may be different, for example, including a CPU and an FPGA, a CPU and an artificial intelligence processor, a CPU and a GPU, etc.
  • the communication interface 803 uses a transceiver device such as, but not limited to, a transceiver to implement communication between the device 800 and other devices or a communication network. For example, data can be obtained through the communication interface 803.
  • a transceiver device such as, but not limited to, a transceiver to implement communication between the device 800 and other devices or a communication network. For example, data can be obtained through the communication interface 803.
  • the bus 804 may include a path for transmitting information between various components of the device 800 (eg, the memory 801 , the processor 802 , and the communication interface 803 ).
  • the device 800 shown in FIG8 only shows a memory, a processor, and a communication interface, in the specific implementation process, those skilled in the art should understand that the device 800 also includes other devices necessary for normal operation. At the same time, according to specific needs, those skilled in the art should understand that the device 800 may also include hardware devices for implementing other additional functions. In addition, those skilled in the art should understand that the device 800 may also only include the devices necessary for implementing the embodiments of the present application, and does not necessarily include all the devices shown in FIG8.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which includes one or more processors; wherein the one or more processors are used to execute computer programs stored in one or more memories, so that the communication device implements the method as described in any one of the first aspects, or implements the method as described in any one of the second aspects.
  • the communication device further includes the one or more memories.
  • the communication device is a chip or a chip system.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores instructions.
  • the computer-readable storage medium is executed on a computer or a processor, the computer or the processor executes one or more steps in any of the above methods.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product including instructions.
  • the computer program product is run on a computer or a processor, the computer or the processor executes one or more steps in any of the above methods.
  • A/B can represent A or B; wherein A and B can be singular or plural.
  • multiple refers to two or more than two.
  • At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items.
  • at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, wherein a, b, c can be single or multiple.
  • the words “first”, “second”, etc. are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the words “first”, “second”, etc. do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the words “first”, “second”, etc. do not limit them to be necessarily different. Meanwhile, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as “exemplary” or “for example” in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as “exemplary” or “for example” is intended to present related concepts in a concrete manner for ease of understanding.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted through the computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated.
  • the available medium can be a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM), or a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape, a magnetic disk, or an optical medium, such as a digital versatile disc (DVD), or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state disk (SSD), etc.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • magnetic medium such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape, a magnetic disk, or an optical medium, such as a digital versatile disc (DVD), or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state disk (SSD), etc.
  • SSD solid state disk

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种通信方法、装置及存储介质。该方法包括：发送第一参考信号；接收第一信息，所述第一信息指示第一参数和第二参数，所述第一参数和所述第二参数是根据所述第一参考信号得到的，所述第一参数用于表征多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系，所述第二参数用于表征所述子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定以下一项或多项：多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。采用该手段，仅发送第一参数和第二参数就可以确定每个码字的调制和编码方案，这样可以提高MIMO***的频谱效率。

Description

通信方法、装置及存储介质 技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法、装置及存储介质。
背景技术
在过去的几十年中，无线通信***经历了从第一代模拟通信到5G新无线电(New Radio，NR)以及现有6G技术的演变和研究。在这复杂的演变过程中，高吞吐和大连接一直是无线通信网络的核心挑战。在5G NR以及6G的多种解决方案中，能够显著提高***容量的Massive多输入多输出(Multi-input Multi-output，MIMO)技术仍然将作为一项关键技术，来满足高速率的传输需求。该技术利用空间维度资源，在不增加***带宽时，使信号在空间获得阵列增益、复用和分集增益以及干扰抵消增益，成倍地提升通信***的容量和频谱效率。
在MIMO***中，各根发送天线(虚拟天线或物理天线)具有独立的信道。其中，当天线端口数较多时，空域资源丰富，可支持较多调度层；但与此同时，信道质量反馈和调度控制需要指示的信息量也较多。
例如，当调度流数增加1～2个数量级，假定码字到层的映射规则能够继续使用，则调度需要处理的码字个数会增加1～2个数量级，导致下行调度控制时，需要网络设备向终端指示的调制和编码方案(Modulation and Coding Scheme，MCS)个数会增加1～2个数量级；同时，终端向网络设备反馈的正向反馈(Acknowledgement，ACK)/负向反馈(Negative Acknowledgement，NACK)数也会增加1～2个数量级；这些会增加上下行调度的复杂度，最终影响下行吞吐率。且，对于上行调度控制，更多的MIMO并行信道的控制开销会影响到下行吞吐率。这样大规模MIMO下，随着调度流数增加，调度指示的开销大，影响频谱效率。
再例如，对于频分双工(Frequency Division Duplexing，FDD)***，当调度流数增加1～2个数量级，假定码字到层的映射规则能够继续使用，则终端向网络设备反馈的信道质量指示(Channel Quality Indicator，CQI)个数会增加1～2个数量级；这些会增加上行资源开销，最终影响到上下行吞吐率。这样随着流数增加，信道反馈的开销增大，影响谱效率。
综上，随着流数增加，调度指示以及信道反馈的开销均增大，影响频谱效率。
发明内容
本申请公开了一种通信方法、装置及存储介质，可以实现降低信道反馈开销或者降低信道调度指示开销，进而提高***的频谱效率。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法。所述方法可以由通信设备执行，或由通信设备的组件(如，芯片(***))执行。该方法可包括：接收端发送第一参考信号。然后，该接收端接收第一信息。其中，该第一信息指示第一参数和第二参数。该第一参数和第二参数是根据该第一参考信号得到的。该第一参数用于表征多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系。该第二参数用于表征子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益。该所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定以下一项或多项：
多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，
该子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
本申请实施例，接收端接收来自发送端的第一参数和第二参数。该第一参数用于表征子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系。该第二参数用于表征子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益。接收端可以基于该第一参数和第二参数来确定每个码字的调制和编码方案。采用该手段，接收端仅根据接收到的第一参数和第二参数就可以确定每个码字的调制和编码方案，这样可以降低信道反馈开销，进而提高***的频谱效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一信息还指示多个码字中每个码字的MCS映射因子。该每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
其中，由于每个码字所经历的无线传播环境存在差异，导致最佳的MCS不完全相同，因此基站需要计算每个码字的MCS映射因子。这样，在考虑了每个码字的MCS映射因子的影响后，可以使得每个码字都使用最佳的MCS传输数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一参数和第二参数用于确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。所述方法还包括：接收端根据该第一参数、第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。然后，接收端根据该每个码字的信噪比得到每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
接收端接收到上述第一参数、第二参数后，可以得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比，进而计算得到每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，上述根据第一参数、第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比，可包括：接收端根据该第一参数确定第一函数。该第一函数用于表征子信道之间的信道增益的相对大小。进而接收端根据所述第一函数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。
本方案中，基于第一参数和第二参数来联合表示各子信道的信道质量。其中，接收端基于第一参数可确定第一函数。然后根据第一函数、第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系可以得到每个码字的信噪比。相较于现有技术中需要根据接收到的每个码字的信道质量指示CQI来确定每个码字的信噪比，本方案可以大幅降低信道反馈开销。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述每个码字的信噪比得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，包括：根据每个码字的信噪比和每个码字的MCS映射因子，得到每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。其中，每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
该手段通过考虑了每个码字的MCS映射因子的影响后，可以使得每个码字都使用最佳的MCS传输数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该每个码字的MCS映射因子是预设的。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，该每个码字的MCS映射因子是预配置的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一参数与信道矩阵的协方差矩阵的迹、信道矩阵的秩、第二参数中的至少一项关联。该信道矩阵是根据该第一参考信号获取到的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一子信道为信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子信道。也即该第一子信道的信道增益大小为该信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子信道的信道增益。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一参数和第二参数用于确定子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。所述方法还包括：根据所述第一参数和/或所述第二参数在时域和/或频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
其中，发送端和接收端通过约定好子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的粒度，以便保障***的性能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息还指示所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第二粒度。
采用该手段，基于第一参数、第二参数和子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第二粒度，使得接收端可以自适应确定时频域资源粒度，进而提高MIMO***的频谱效率。
可选的，该第二粒度不大于上述第一粒度。
其中，接收端可以基于指示的第二粒度，进而使用该第二粒度。
或者，接收端可以基于第一参数和第二参数确定上述第一粒度。进而使用该第一粒度。
或者，接收端可以基于第一参数和第二参数确定上述第一粒度。接收端基于指示的第二粒度以及确定的第一粒度，来确定其使用的粒度。例如，接收端优先使用第二粒度。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法。所述方法可以由通信设备执行，或由通信设备的组件(如，芯片(***))执行。该方法可包括：发送端接收来自接收端的第一参考信号。发送端根据该第一参考信号得到第一参数和第二参数。该第一参数用于表征多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系。该第二参数用于表征该子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益。然后，发送端向接收端发送第一信息。该第一信息指示该第一参数和第二参数。其中，该第一参数和第二参数用于确定以下一项或多项：
多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，
子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
本申请实施例，发送端基于接收到的第一参考信号得到第一参数和第二参数。然后，发送端将该第一参数和第二参数发送给接收端，以便接收端根据第一参数和第二参数确定每个码字的MCS。采用该手段，发送端不需要发送每个码字的信道质量指示，而仅发送第一参数和第二参数就可以使得接收端确定每个码字的MCS，这样可以降低信道调度指示开销，进而提高***的频谱效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一信息还指示多个码字中每个码字的MCS映射因子。该每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
其中，由于每个码字所经历的无线传播环境存在差异，导致最佳的MCS不完全相同，因此基站需要计算每个码字的MCS映射因子。这样，在考虑了每个码字的MCS映射因子的影响后，可以使得每个码字都使用最佳的MCS传输数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一参数和第二参数用于确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。所述方法还包括：根据该第一参数、该第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。然后，根据该每个码字的信噪比得到每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
其中，第一参数和第二参数用于确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。其中，根据上述第一参数、第二参数得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比，进而计算得到每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据第一参数、第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比，包括：根据第一参数确定第一函数。该第一函数用于表征该子信道之间的信道增益的相对大小。根据该第一函数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到所述多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。
本方案中，基于第一参数和第二参数来联合表示各子信道的信道质量。其中，基于第一参数可确定第一函数。然后根据第一函数、第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，可以得 到每个码字的信噪比。采用本方案，可以大幅降低信道反馈开销。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：根据每个码字的信噪比和每个码字的MCS计算得到每个码字的MCS映射因子。该每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
该手段通过考虑了每个码字的MCS映射因子的影响后，可以使得每个码字都使用最佳的MCS传输数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一参数与信道矩阵的协方差矩阵的迹、信道矩阵的秩、该第二参数中的至少一项关联。该信道矩阵是根据上述第一参考信号获取到的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一子信道为所述信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子信道。也即该第一子信道的信道增益大小为该信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子信道的信道增益。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一信息还指示该子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第二粒度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：根据该第一参数和/或该第二参数在时域和/或频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。然后，根据该第一粒度确定该第二粒度。
其中，发送端和接收端通过约定好子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的粒度，以便保障MIMO***的性能。采用该手段，基于第一参数和第二参数确定子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度，并可以进行自适应调整该时频域资源的第一粒度以确定第二粒度，进而提高MIMO***的频谱效率。
可选的，该第二粒度不大于上述第一粒度。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括：
通信模块，用于发送第一参考信号；
所述通信模块，还用于接收第一信息，所述第一信息指示第一参数和第二参数，所述第一参数和所述第二参数是根据所述第一参考信号得到的，所述第一参数用于表征多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系，所述第二参数用于表征所述子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定以下一项或多项：
多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，
所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息还指示多个码字中每个码字的MCS映射因子，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，所述装置还包括处理模块，用于：
根据所述第一参数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比；
根据所述每个码字的信噪比得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块，还用于：
根据所述第一参数确定第一函数，所述第一函数用于表征所述子信道之间的信道增益的相对大小；
根据所述第一函数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到所述多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块，还用于：
根据所述每个码字的信噪比和每个码字的MCS映射因子，得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子是预设的，或者，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子是预配置的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一参数与信道矩阵的协方差矩阵的迹、所述信道矩阵的秩、所述第二参数中的至少一项关联，所述信道矩阵是根据所述第一参考信号获取到的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一子信道为信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子信道。也即该第一子信道的信道增益大小为该信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子信道的信道增益。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度，所述装置还包括处理模块，用于：
根据所述第一参数和/或所述第二参数在时域和/或频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息还指示所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第二粒度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块，还用于：
根据所述第一参数和/或所述第二参数在时域和/或频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度；
根据所述第一粒度确定所述第二粒度。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括：
通信模块，用于接收第一参考信号；
处理模块，用于根据所述第一参考信号得到第一参数和第二参数，所述第一参数用于表征多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系，所述第二参数用于表征所述子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益；
所述通信模块，还用于发送第一信息，所述第一信息指示所述第一参数和所述第二参数，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定以下一项或多项：
多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，
所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息还指示多个码字中每个码字的MCS映射因子，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，所述处理模块，还用于：
根据所述第一参数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比；
根据所述每个码字的信噪比得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块，还用于：
根据所述第一参数确定第一函数，所述第一函数用于表征所述子信道之间的信道增益的相对大小；
根据所述第一函数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到所述多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块，还用于：
根据所述每个码字的信噪比和所述每个码字的MCS计算得到所述每个码字的MCS映射因子，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一参数与信道矩阵的协方差矩阵的迹、所述信道矩阵的秩、所述第二参数中的至少一项关联，所述信道矩阵是根据所述第一参考信号获取到的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一子信道为信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子信道。也即该第一子信道的信道增益大小为该信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子信道的信道增益。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息还指示所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第二粒度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块，还用于：
根据所述第一参数和/或所述第二参数在时域和/或频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度；
根据所述第一粒度确定所述第二粒度。
针对上述第三方面或第四方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块可以为处理器，通信模块可以为收发模块、收发器或通信接口。可以理解的，所述通信模块可以是所述装置中的收发器，例如通过所述装置中的天线、馈线和编解码器等实现，或者，如果通信装置为设置在设备中的芯片，则通信模块可以是该芯片的输入/输出接口，例如输入/输出电路、管脚等。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括一个或多个处理器；其中，所述一个或多个处理器用于执行一个或多个存储器存储的计算机程序，使得所述通信装置实现如第一方面任一项所述的方法，或，实现如第二方面任一项所述的方法。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信装置还包括所述一个或多个存储器。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信装置为芯片或芯片***。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有指令，当所述指令被处理器执行时，实现如第一方面任一项所述的方法，或，实现如第二方面任一项所述的方法。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被执行时，实现如第一方面任一项所述的方法，或，实现如第二方面任一项所述的方法。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信***，包括如第三方面任一项所述的装置，以及如第四方面任一项所述的装置。
可以理解地，上述提供的第三方面所述的装置、第四方面所述的装置、第五方面所述的 装置、第六方面所述的计算机存储介质、第七方面所述的计算机程序产品、或者第八方面所述的通信***均用于执行第一方面中任一所提供的方法、第二方面中任一所提供的方法。因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考对应方法中的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
下面对本申请实施例用到的附图进行介绍。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种通信***的应用场景示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种MIMO子信道之间的相对关系示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的又一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的硬件结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合本申请实施例中的附图对本申请实施例进行描述。本申请实施例的实施方式部分使用的术语仅用于对本申请的具体实施例进行解释，而非旨在限定本申请。
以下将结合附图，来详细介绍本申请实施例的***架构。参照图1所示，是本申请实施例提供的一种通信***的应用场景示意图。该通信***可包括终端101和网络设备102。
其中，终端101也可以称为终端设备、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台、移动终端等。终端可以广泛应用于各种场景，例如，设备到设备(device-to-device，D2D)、车物(vehicle to everything，V2X)通信、机器类通信(machine-type communication，MTC)、物联网(internet of things，IOT)、虚拟现实、增强现实、工业控制、自动驾驶、远程医疗、智能电网、智能家具、智能办公、智能穿戴、智能交通、智慧城市等。终端可以是手机、平板电脑、带无线收发功能的电脑、可穿戴设备、车辆、无人机、直升机、飞机、轮船、机器人、机械臂、智能家居设备等。本申请的实施例对终端所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。
网络设备102可以是基站(base station)、演进型基站(evolved NodeB，eNodeB)、发送接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信***中的下一代基站(next generation NodeB，gNB)、第六代(6th generation，6G)移动通信***中的下一代基站、未来移动通信***中的基站或WiFi***中的接入节点等；也可以是完成基站部分功能的模块或单元，例如，可以是集中式单元(central unit，CU)，也可以是分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)。网络设备102可以是宏基站，也可以是微基站或室内站，还可以是中继节点或施主节点等。本申请的实施例对网络设备102所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。为了便于描述，下文以基站作为网络设备的例子进行描述。
基站和终端可以是固定位置的，也可以是可移动的。基站和终端可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上；还可以部署在空中的飞机、气球和人造卫星上。本申请的实施例对基站和终端的应用场景不做限定。
基站和终端之间、基站和基站之间、终端和终端之间可以通过授权频谱进行通信，也可以通过免授权频谱进行通信，也可以同时通过授权频谱和免授权频谱进行通信；可以通过6千兆赫(gigahertz，GHz)以下的频谱进行通信，也可以通过6GHz以上的频谱进行通信，还可以同时使用6GHz以下的频谱和6GHz以上的频谱进行通信。本申请的实施例对无线通信所使用的频谱资源不做限定。
在本申请的实施例中，基站的功能也可以由基站中的模块(如芯片)来执行，也可以由包含有基站功能的控制子***来执行。这里的包含有基站功能的控制子***可以是智能电网、工业控制、智能交通、智慧城市等上述应用场景中的控制中心。终端的功能也可以由终端中的模块(如芯片或调制解调器)来执行，也可以由包含有终端功能的装置来执行。
上面说明了本申请实施例的架构，下面对本申请实施例的方法进行详细介绍。
参照图2所示，是本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图。可选的，该方法可以应用于前述的通信***，例如图1所示的通信***。如图2所示的通信方法可以包括步骤201-205。应理解，本申请为了方便描述，故通过201-205这一顺序进行描述，并不旨在限定一定通过上述顺序进行执行。本申请实施例对于上述一个或多个步骤的执行的先后顺序、执行的时间、执行的次数等不做限定。下文以通信方法的步骤201、205的执行主体为基站、步骤202-204的执行主体为终端为例进行描述，对于其他执行主体本申请同样也适用。步骤201-205具体如下：
201、基站向终端发送第一参考信号；
该第一参考信号可以是信道状态信息参考信号(Channel State Information Reference Signal，CSI-RS)。
202、终端接收所述第一参考信号；
终端接收来自基站的上述第一参考信号。
203、终端根据所述第一参考信号得到第一参数和第二参数，所述第一参数用于表征多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系，所述第二参数用于表征所述子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益；
参照图3所示，是本申请实施例提供的一种子信道之间的相对关系示意图。该图中包含基站和终端UE，还包括径1(直视(line-of-sight，LoS)径，指发射天线和接收天线在“能互相看见对方”的距离之间传输信号，即为子信道1)和径2(非直视(non-line-of-sight，NLoS)径，其利用多次漫反射的光重建遮挡目标的信息，即为子信道2)。其中，UE从位置A变化到位置B，其对应的子信道都是2条径。且径1和径2在UE先后所在的两个位置上的相对关系基本保持不变：对于径1，UE在位置A和位置B时，均与基站之间无遮挡，且UE与基站之间的距离基本不变。对于径2，UE在位置A和位置B时，径2基本没有变化。另外，由于基站和UE的波束较细，能够区分径1和径2。因此在一定范围内，可观测到的UE的多个子信道特征值会保持稳定的相对关系。
基于此，本申请实施例采用第一参数和第二参数来联合指示多个子信道的信道质量(如信道增益)。
其中，第一参数用于表征多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系。可以理解为，第一参数用于表征子信道之间的分布规律。
第二参数用于表征子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益。其中，该第一子信道可以是多个子信道中的任意子信道。
可选的，该第一子信道是多个子信道中信道增益最大的子信道。其中，该第一子信道即为信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子信道。
其中，各个子信道的信道增益大小可以基于该相应子信道的特征值的平方求得。
在一种可能的实现方式中，终端基于第一参考信号获取到信道矩阵，进而根据该信道矩阵计算得到第一参数和第二参数。
其中，信道矩阵是MIMO***中的一种信道状态信息。信道矩阵中包含多个子信道的特征值。特征值可用于表示对应子信道的信道增益大小。
可选的，该第一参数与信道矩阵的协方差矩阵的迹、所述信道矩阵的秩、第二参数中的至少一项关联。
例如，第一参数γ可表示为：
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000001
其中，H为信道矩阵；trace{}为迹；rank{}为秩；λ 1为第二参数；α 1为常数；
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000002
表示由复数矩阵(维度是Nrx行、Ntx列)所构成的空间，其中，
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000003
表示复数，Nrx表示接收端的接收天线数，Ntx表示发送端的发射天线数。
可选的，当γ的值大于1时，可以对其进行求倒数处理。
第二参数λ 1可以为所述信道矩阵中的最大特征值。
本方案中第一参数、第二参数仅以上述示例进行介绍。第一参数还可以采用其他公式表示。第二参数还可以表征其他子信道的信道增益，或者，第二参数还可以采用其他形式表示。本方案对此不作严格限制。
204、终端向基站发送第一信息，所述第一信息指示所述第一参数和所述第二参数，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
在得到上述第一参数和第二参数后，终端将其反馈给基站。
205、基站接收所述第一信息。
基站接收终端发送的上述第一参数和第二参数，以便根据该第一参数和第二参数确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
调制和编码方案(Modulation and Coding Scheme，MCS)，是由基站采用链路自适应算法进行分配。分配的MCS通过物理层侧行链路控制信道(Physical Downlink Control Channel，PDCCH)信道向终端以信号的方式进行发送。MCS定义了一个资源单位(Resource Element，RE)可以承载的有效比特数。
具体来说，MCS定义了两个部分，调制方案(Modulation)与码率(Code Rate)。
该示例中，终端基于第一参考信号得到第一参数和第二参数，进而将该第一参数和第二参数发送给基站。基站基于接收到的第一参数和第二参数，来确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。采用该手段，通过基于发送的两个参数进行结合，综合来表征MIMO子信道的信道增益，这样可以降低信道反馈开销，进而提高MIMO***的频谱效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
基站根据所述第一参数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。然后，基站根据所述每个码字的信噪比得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
其中，子信道到码字的映射关系是协议约定的。例如，NR协议中，当用户有8个子信道(或8个传输层)、2个码字时，每个码字会映射到互不相同的4个子信道上。因此，该子信道到码字的映射关系是预设的。
码字的信号干扰噪声比即信噪比(Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio，SINR)，为码字所在时频域范围内的信号功率与噪声功率的比值。
可选的，基站根据所述第一参数确定第一函数，所述第一函数用于表征所述多个子信道之间的信道增益的相对大小(也即MIMO子信道的特征值的相对值)。然后，基站根据所述第一函数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到所述多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。进而，基站根据所述每个码字的信噪比得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
例如，基站基于第一参数的大小，从预设的函数簇中确定第一函数。该预设的函数簇可以是终端和基站约定好的。基于该第一函数可以得到多个子信道中每个子信道的特征值的相对值。然后，基于该每个子信道的特征值的相对值以及第二参数，可以得到每个子信道的特征值。基于每个子信道的特征值分别求平方即得到每个子信道的信道增益大小。基于每个子信道的信道增益大小以及子信道到码字的映射关系，可得到终端多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。基于得到的信噪比可以计算得到每个码字的MCS。
可选的，该预设的函数簇G(x)可表示为：
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000004
其中，x＝1，2，···N，表示子信道的编号，即第x个子信道。N表示终端的子信道总数，N为不小于2的整数。
基于该函数簇G(x)，根据第一参数γ的取值，即可以确定第一函数。
例如，当第一参数γ的大小满足0.9≤γ≤1时，该第一函数g(x)即为g(x)＝x。
再如，当第一参数γ的大小满足0.2≤γ≤0.4时，该第一函数g(x)即为g(x)＝e x。
基于确定的第一函数，进而基于每个子信道的编号，即可以求得每个子信道的特征值的相对值。例如，当0.9≤γ≤1时，该第一函数g(x)即为g(x)＝x。此时，第一个子信道(子信道编号x＝1)的特征值的相对值为g(1)＝1。第二个子信道(x＝2)的特征值的相对值为g(2)＝2。
进而，基于第二参数λ 1和每个子信道的特征值的相对值可以求得每个子信道的特征值λ x。例如，每个子信道的特征值λ x可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000005
其中，g(1)为第一个子信道的特征值的相对值。
基于每个子信道的特征值λ x求平方，可以得到每个子信道的信道增益大小
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000006
其可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000007
基于此，即得到了每个子信道的信道增益大小。
然后，设定终端所使用的“子信道到码字的映射关系f(x)”及其逆关系f -1(m)，分别可表示为：
m＝f(x),f:x→m；
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000008
其中，m＝1,2,…,M表示码字的编号，即第m个码字；M表示终端的码字总数。N m表示映射到第m个码字的子信道总数。m＝f(x)，即f:x→m，表示子信道x到码字m的映射关系。→表征映射关系。
终端的第m个码字的信噪比可表示为：
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000009
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000010
分别表示第x个子信道的信道增益、噪声功率、干扰功率
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000011
表示从第m个码字对应的子信道的信道增益、噪声功率、干扰功率生成SINR m的过程。该过程是内部实现。其中，通过在给定时频资源格子上排除已估计信号可以获得噪声，进而可估计噪声功率
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000012
干扰功率
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000013
可以通过零功率CSI-RS测得。
从码字的SINR m到这个码字的调制和编码方案MCS的取值(阶数)可以表示为：
MCS m＝SINR m+Δ m
其中，MCS m表示第m个码字的MCS的阶数；Δ m表示第m个码字的从SINR到MCS的阶数的调整因子。上述求解MCS的阶数的过程可以是内部实现，例如可以通过外环链路自适应(Outer Loop Link Adaptation，OLLA)获得。
基站基于得到的每个码字的MCS的阶数，即可以得到每个码字的MCS，以用于后续调度处理。
本申请实施例，终端基于来自基站的第一参考信号计算得到第一参数和第二参数。利用这两个参数来表征MIMO子信道的信道质量(如信道增益)。进而终端向基站发送这两个参数，以便基站基于该第一参数和第二参数来确定终端每个码字的调制和编码方案。采用该手段，终端不需要发送每个码字的信道质量指示CQI，而仅发送第一参数和第二参数就可以使得基站来确定每个码字的调制和编码方案，这样可以降低信道反馈开销，进而提高MIMO***的频谱效率。
在前述实施例的基础上，参照图4所示，是本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法的流程示意图。可选的，该方法可以应用于前述的通信***，例如图1所示的通信***。如图4所示的通信方法可以包括步骤401-405。应理解，本申请为了方便描述，故通过401-405这一顺序进行描述，并不旨在限定一定通过上述顺序进行执行。本申请实施例对于上述一个或多个步骤的执行的先后顺序、执行的时间、执行的次数等不做限定。下文以通信方法的步骤401、405的执行主体为终端，402-404的执行主体为基站为例进行描述，对于其他执行主体本申请同样也适用。步骤401-405具体如下：
401、终端向基站发送第一参考信号；
该第一参考信号可以是探测参考信号(Sounding Reference Signal，SRS)。
402、基站接收所述第一参考信号；
基站接收来自终端的上述第一参考信号。
403、基站根据所述第一参考信号得到第一参数、第二参数和多个码字中每个码字的MCS映射因子，所述第一参数用于表征多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系，所述第二参数用 于表征所述子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量；
在一种可能的实现方式中，基站基于第一参考信号获取到信道矩阵，进而根据该信道矩阵计算得到第一参数和第二参数。
可选的，该第一参数与信道矩阵的协方差矩阵的迹、所述信道矩阵的秩、第二参数中的至少一项关联。
例如，第一参数γ可表示为：
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000014
其中，H为信道矩阵；trace{}为迹；rank{}为秩；λ 1为第二参数；α 1为常数；
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000015
表示由复数矩阵(维度是Nrx行、Ntx列)所构成的空间，其中，
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000016
表示复数，Nrx表示接收端的接收天线数，Ntx表示发送端的发射天线数。
第二参数λ 1可以是信道矩阵中的最大特征值。其中，各个子信道的信道增益大小可以基于该相应子信道的特征值的平方求得。
本方案中第一参数、第二参数仅以上述示例进行介绍。第一参数还可以采用其他公式表示。第二参数还可以表征其他子信道的信道增益，或者，第二参数还可以采用其他形式表示。本方案对此不作严格限制。
其中，由于每个码字所经历的无线传播环境存在差异，导致最佳的MCS不完全相同，因此基站需要计算每个码字的MCS映射因子。这样，在考虑了每个码字的MCS映射因子的影响后，可以使得每个码字都使用最佳的MCS传输数据。
其中，MCS映射因子是从信噪比SINR映射到MCS的一种调整量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，基站根据所述第一参数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。基站根据所述每个码字的信噪比得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。然后，基站基于每个码字的信噪比和所述每个码字的MCS计算得到所述每个码字的MCS映射因子。
以下对基站计算每个码字的MCS的实现方式进行介绍。
可选的，基站根据所述第一参数确定第一函数，所述第一函数用于表征所述MIMO子信道之间的信道增益的相对大小。然后，基站根据所述第一函数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到所述多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。进而，基站根据所述每个码字的信噪比得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
例如，基站基于第一参数的大小，从预设的函数簇中确定第一函数。该预设的函数簇可以是终端和基站约定好的。基于该第一函数可以得到MIMO子信道中每个子信道的特征值的相对值。然后，基于该每个子信道的特征值的相对值以及第二参数，可以得到每个子信道的特征值。基于每个子信道的特征值分别求平方即得到每个子信道的信道增益大小。基于每个子信道的信道增益大小以及子信道到码字的映射关系，可得到终端多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。基于得到的信噪比可以计算得到每个码字的MCS。
针对基站计算得到每个码字的MCS的实现方式，可参阅前述图2所示实施例中步骤205的记载，在此不再赘述。
下面对基站计算得到MCS映射因子的实现方式进行介绍。
其中，终端的第m个码字的信噪比可表示为：
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000017
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000018
分别表示第x个子信道的信道增益、噪声功率、干扰功率，
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000019
表示从第m个码字对应的子信道的信道增益、噪声功率、干扰功率生成SINR m的过程。针对该部分介绍可参阅图2所示实施例中步骤205的记载，在此不再赘述。
从码字的SINR m到这个码字的调制和编码方案MCS的阶数可以表示为：
MCS m＝SINR m+Δ m
其中，MCS m表示第m个码字的MCS的阶数；Δ m表示第m个码字的从SINR到MCS的阶数的调整因子(即MCS映射因子)。上述求解MCS的阶数的过程可以是内部实现，例如可以通过外环链路自适应OLLA获得。
基站基于计算得到的每个码字的MCS以及信噪比，进而可以计算得到每个码字的MCS映射因子Δ m。
404、基站向终端发送第一信息，所述第一信息指示所述第一参数、所述第二参数和所述多个码字中每个码字的MCS映射因子，所述第一参数、所述第二参数和所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于确定每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
基站向终端发送所述第一参数、所述第二参数和所述多个码字中每个码字的MCS映射因子。
405、终端接收所述第一信息。
终端接收基站发送的第一参数、第二参数和每个码字的MCS映射因子，以便根据该第一参数、第二参数和每个码字的MCS映射因子来确定每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
该示例中，基站基于第一参考信号得到第一参数、第二参数和每个码字的MCS映射因子，进而将该第一参数、第二参数和每个码字的MCS映射因子发送给终端。终端基于接收到的第一参数、第二参数和每个码字的MCS映射因子，来确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。采用该手段，通过基于发送的两个参数进行结合，综合来表征MIMO子信道的信道增益，这样可以降低信道调度指示开销，进而提高***的频谱效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
终端根据所述第一参数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。然后，终端根据所述每个码字的信噪比以及每个码字的MCS映射因子得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，每个码字的MCS映射因子可以是预设的。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，每个码字的MCS映射因子可以是基站预配置的。
可选的，终端根据所述第一参数确定第一函数。然后，终端根据所述第一函数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到所述多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。进而，终端根据所述每个码字的信噪比以及每个码字的MCS映射因子得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，以便用于接收机后续调度处理。
针对该部分的具体介绍，可参阅前述步骤403的记载，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例，基站基于接收到的第一参考信号得到第一参数、第二参数和每个码字的MCS映射因子。基站将该第一参数、第二参数和每个码字的MCS映射因子发送给终端，以便终端根据第一参数、第二参数和每个码字的MCS映射因子确定每个码字的MCS。采用该手段，基站仅发送第一参数、第二参数和MCS映射因子就可以使得终端确定每个码字的MCS，这样可以降低信道调度指示开销，进而提高MIMO***的频谱效率。
前述图2和图4所示实施例以第一参数和第二参数用于确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS为例进行介绍。下面以图5所示第一参数和第二参数用于确定MIMO子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度为例进行介绍。
参照图5所示，是本申请实施例提供的又一种通信方法的流程示意图。可选的，该方法可以应用于前述的通信***，例如图1所示的通信***。如图5所示的通信方法可以包括步骤501-505。应理解，本申请为了方便描述，故通过501-505这一顺序进行描述，并不旨在限定一定通过上述顺序进行执行。本申请实施例对于上述一个或多个步骤的执行的先后顺序、执行的时间、执行的次数等不做限定。下文以通信方法的步骤501、505的执行主体为终端，502-504的执行主体为基站为例进行描述，对于其他执行主体本申请同样也适用。步骤501-505具体如下：
501、终端向基站发送第一参考信号；
该第一参考信号可以是探测参考信号SRS。
502、基站接收所述第一参考信号；
基站接收来自终端的上述第一参考信号。
503、基站根据所述第一参考信号得到第一参数、第二参数和多个子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度，所述第一参数用于表征所述多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系，所述第二参数用于表征所述子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益；
其中，针对基站根据所述第一参考信号得到第一参数、第二参数的实现方式可参阅前述图4所示实施例中步骤403的记载，在此不再赘述。
其中，基站和终端通过约定好MIMO子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的粒度，以便保障MIMO***的性能。
可选的，本方案中的所有子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度是相同的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，基站根据所述第一参数在时域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所述子信道的信道质量在时域的第一粒度。
例如，在确定多个子信道的信道质量在时域的第一粒度时，令第一参数γ表示为：
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000020
其中，因变量t表示时间。H(t)表示时间t上的信道矩阵，λ 1(t)表示信道矩阵H(t)的第一个特征值，即第一个子信道的信道增益大小。相应地，λ n(t)表示第n个子信道在时间t上的特征值。其他参数的解释可参见前述记载，在此不再赘述。
当第一参数γ(t)满足以下条件时，Δt即为多个子信道中所有子信道的信道质量在时域的第一粒度。
|γ(t)-γ(t+Δt)|>β0；
其中，β 0为预设阈值。
当然，也可以是基于其他条件来确定。例如，当γ(t)满足以下条件时，Δt即为所有子信道的信道质量在时域的第一粒度。
|γ(t)-γ(t+Δt)|>β·|γ(t)|；
其中，β为预设阈值。
基站还可以根据所述第一参数在频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所述子信道的信道质量在频域的第一粒度。
例如，在确定子信道的信道质量在频域的第一粒度时，令第一参数γ表示为：
Figure PCTCN2022121756-appb-000021
其中，因变量f表示频率。H(f)表示频率f上的信道矩阵，λ 1(f)表示信道矩阵H(f)的第一个特征值，即第一个子信道的信道增益大小。相应地，λ n(f)表示第n个子信道在频率f上的特征值。
当第一参数γ(f)满足以下条件时，Δf即为所有子信道的信道质量在频域的第一粒度。
|γ(f)-γ(f+Δf)|>β 1
其中，β 1为预设阈值。
当然，也可以是基于其他条件来确定。例如，当第一参数γ(f)满足以下条件时，Δf即为所有子信道的信道质量在频域的第一粒度。
|γ(f)-γ(f+Δf)|>β 2·|γ(f)|
其中，β 2为预设阈值。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，基站根据所述第二参数在时域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到多个子信道的信道质量在时域的第一粒度。
例如，在确定MIMO子信道的信道质量在时域的第一粒度时，当第二参数λ 1(t)满足以下条件时，Δt即为所有子信道的信道质量在时域的第一粒度。
|λ 1(t)-λ 1(t+Δt)|>α 0
其中，α 0为预设阈值。
当然，也可以是基于其他条件来确定。例如，当第二参数λ 1(t)满足以下条件时，Δt即为所有子信道的信道质量在时域的第一粒度。
|λ 1(t)-λ 1(t+Δt)|>α·|λ 1(t)|
其中，α为预设阈值。
基站还可以根据所述第二参数在频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到多个子信道的信道质量在频域的第一粒度。
例如，在确定多个子信道的信道质量在频域的第一粒度时，当第二参数λ 1(f)满足以下条件时，Δf即为多个子信道中所有子信道的信道质量在频域的第一粒度。
|λ 1(f)-λ 1(f+Δf)|>α 1
其中，α 1为预设阈值。
当然，也可以是基于其他条件来确定。例如，当第二参数λ 1(f)满足以下条件时，Δf即为所有子信道的信道质量在频域的第一粒度。
|λ 1(f)-λ 1(f+Δf)|>α 2·|λ 1(f)|
其中，α 2为预设阈值。
在又一种可能的实现方式中，基站根据所述第一参数在时域的变化值、所述第二参数在时域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所有子信道的信道质量在时域的第一粒度。
例如，当第一参数γ(t)和第二参数λ 1(t)满足以下任一条件时，Δt即为所有子信道的信道质量在时域的第一粒度。
|γ(t)-γ(t+Δt)|>β 3；
|λ 1(t)-λ 1(t+Δt)|>α 3；
其中，β 3、α 3均为预设阈值。
或者，当第一参数γ(t)和第二参数λ 1(t)满足以下任一条件时，Δt即为所有子信道的信道质量在时域的第一粒度。
|γ(t)-γ(t+Δt)|>β 4·|γ(t)|；
|λ 1(t)-λ 1(t+Δt)|>α 4·|λ 1(t)|。
其中，β 4、α 4均为预设阈值。
基站还根据所述第一参数在频域的变化值、所述第二参数在频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所有子信道的信道质量在频域的第一粒度。
例如，当第一参数γ(f)和第二参数λ 1(f)满足以下任一条件时，Δf即为所有子信道的信道 质量在频域的第一粒度。
|γ(f)-γ(f+Δf)|>β 5；
|λ 1(f)-λ 1(f+Δf)|>α 5；
其中，β 5、α 5均为预设阈值。
或者，当第一参数γ(f)和第二参数λ 1(f)满足以下任一条件时，Δf即为所有子信道的信道质量在频域的第一粒度。
|γ(f)-γ(f+Δf)|>β 6·|γ(f)|；
|λ 1(f)-λ 1(f+Δf)|>α 6·|λ 1(f)|。
其中，β 6、α 6均为预设阈值。
504、基站向终端发送第一信息，所述第一信息指示所述第一参数、所述第二参数和所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第二粒度，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
其中，基站基于上述步骤503可确定子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。进而，基站可以根据该第一粒度确定第二粒度。
可选的，基站根据得到的第一粒度，可以将不大于第一粒度的第二粒度指示给终端。例如，第一粒度为4RB，则基站将2RB、3RB或者4RB等确定为第二粒度。
505、终端接收所述第一信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，终端基于接收到的第一参数、第二参数可以确定第一粒度。进而，终端使用该第一粒度。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，终端基于基站指示的第二粒度，确定其使用该第二粒度。
在又一种可能的实现方式中，终端基于接收到的第一参数、第二参数可以确定第一粒度。进而，终端可以基于其确定的第一粒度和基站指示的第二粒度，来确定终端使用的粒度。例如，终端优先使用基站指示的第二粒度。或者，终端也可以使用不大于该第一粒度的任一粒度。
当然，终端还可以采用其他方式来确定其使用的粒度，本方案对此不作严格限制。
该示例中，基站基于第一参考信号得到第一参数、第二参数和MIMO子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第二粒度，进而将该第一参数、第二参数和第二粒度发送给终端。终端基于接收到的第一参数、第二参数和第二粒度，可以确定终端在时域和/或频域使用的粒度。采用该手段，基于发送的第一参数、第二参数和MIMO子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第二粒度，使得接收端可以自适应确定时频域资源粒度，进而提高MIMO***的频谱效率。
需要说明的是，在本申请的各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，各个实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。例如，图2和图5所示实施例可以互相结合。再如，图4和图5所示实施例也可以互相结合，本方案对此不作限制。
上述详细阐述了本申请实施例的方法，下面提供了本申请实施例的装置。可以理解的，本申请各个装置实施例中，对多个单元或者模块的划分仅是一种根据功能进行的逻辑划分，不作为对装置具体的结构的限定。在具体实现中，其中部分功能模块可能被细分为更多细小的功能模块，部分功能模块也可能组合成一个功能模块，但无论这些功能模块是进行了细分还是组合，装置所执行的大致流程是相同的。例如，一些装置中包含接收单元和发送单元。一些设计中，发送单元和接收单元也可以集成为通信单元，该通信单元可以实现接收单元和 发送单元所实现的功能。通常，每个单元都对应有各自的程序代码(或者说程序指令)，这些单元各自对应的程序代码在处理器上运行时，使得该单元受处理单元的控制而执行相应的流程从而实现相应功能。
本申请实施例还提供用于实现以上任一种方法的装置，例如，提供一种通信装置包括用以实现以上任一种方法中终端所执行的各步骤的模块(或手段)。再如，还提供另一种通信装置，包括用以实现以上任一种方法中基站所执行的各步骤的模块(或手段)。
例如，参照图6所示，是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。该通信装置用于实现前述的通信方法，例如图2、图4、图5所示的通信方法。
如图6所示，该装置可包括通信模块601，具体如下：
通信模块601，用于发送第一参考信号；
所述通信模块601，还用于接收第一信息，所述第一信息指示第一参数和第二参数，所述第一参数和所述第二参数是根据所述第一参考信号得到的，所述第一参数用于表征多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系，所述第二参数用于表征所述MIMO子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定以下一项或多项：
多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，
所述MIMO子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息还指示多个码字中每个码字的MCS映射因子，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，所述装置还包括处理模块，用于：
根据所述第一参数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比；
根据所述每个码字的信噪比得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块，还用于：
根据所述第一参数确定第一函数，所述第一函数用于表征所述MIMO子信道之间的信道增益的相对大小；
根据所述第一函数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到所述多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块，还用于：
根据所述每个码字的信噪比和每个码字的MCS映射因子，得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子是预设的，或者，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子是预配置的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一参数与信道矩阵的协方差矩阵的迹、所述信道矩阵的秩、所述第二参数中的至少一项关联，所述信道矩阵是根据所述第一参考信号获取到的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一子信道为所述信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子信道。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定所述MIMO子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度，所述装置还包括处理模块，用于：
根据所述第一参数和/或所述第二参数在时域和/或频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所述MIMO子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息还指示所述MIMO子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第二粒度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括处理模块，用于：
根据所述第一参数和/或所述第二参数在时域和/或频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度；
根据所述第一粒度确定所述第二粒度。
针对上述各模块的介绍，可参阅前述实施例的记载，在此不再赘述。
再如，参照图7所示，是本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图。该通信装置用于实现前述的通信方法，例如图2、图4、图5所示的通信方法。
如图7所示，该装置可包括通信模块701和处理模块702，具体如下：
通信模块701，用于接收第一参考信号；
处理模块702，用于根据所述第一参考信号得到第一参数和第二参数，所述第一参数用于表征多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系，所述第二参数用于表征所述子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益；
所述通信模块，还用于发送第一信息，所述第一信息指示所述第一参数和所述第二参数，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定以下一项或多项：
多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，
所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息还指示多个码字中每个码字的MCS映射因子，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，所述处理模块702，还用于：
根据所述第一参数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比；
根据所述每个码字的信噪比得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块702，还用于：
根据所述第一参数确定第一函数，所述第一函数用于表征所述子信道之间的信道增益的相对大小；
根据所述第一函数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到所述多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块702，还用于：
根据所述每个码字的信噪比和所述每个码字的MCS计算得到所述每个码字的MCS映射因子，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一参数与信道矩阵的协方差矩阵的迹、所述信道矩阵的秩、所述第二参数中的至少一项关联，所述信道矩阵是根据所述第一参考信号获取到的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一子信道为所述信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子 信道。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息还指示所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第二粒度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块702，还用于：
根据所述第一参数和/或所述第二参数在时域和/或频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度；
根据所述第一粒度确定所述第二粒度。
针对上述各模块的介绍，可参阅前述实施例的记载，在此不再赘述。
应理解以上各个装置中各模块的划分仅是一种逻辑功能的划分，实际实现时可以全部或部分集成到一个物理实体上，也可以物理上分开。此外，通信装置中的模块可以以处理器调用软件的形式实现；例如通信装置包括处理器，处理器与存储器连接，存储器中存储有指令，处理器调用存储器中存储的指令，以实现以上任一种方法或实现该装置各模块的功能，其中处理器例如为通用处理器，比如中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)或微处理器，存储器为装置内的存储器或装置外的存储器。或者，装置中的模块可以以硬件电路的形式实现，可以通过对硬件电路的设计实现部分或全部单元的功能，该硬件电路可以理解为一个或多个处理器；例如，在一种实现中，该硬件电路为专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，通过对电路内元件逻辑关系的设计，实现以上部分或全部单元的功能；再如，在另一种实现中，该硬件电路为可以通过可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)实现，以现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)为例，其可以包括大量逻辑门电路，通过配置文件来配置逻辑门电路之间的连接关系，从而实现以上部分或全部单元的功能。以上装置的所有模块可以全部通过处理器调用软件的形式实现，或全部通过硬件电路的形式实现，或部分通过处理器调用软件的形式实现，剩余部分通过硬件电路的形式实现。
参照图8所示，是本申请实施例提供的又一种通信装置的硬件结构示意图。如图8所示的通信装置800(该装置800具体可以是一种计算机设备)包括存储器801、处理器802、通信接口803以及总线804。其中，存储器801、处理器802、通信接口803通过总线804实现彼此之间的通信连接。
存储器801可以是只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，静态存储设备，动态存储设备或者随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)。
存储器801可以存储程序，当存储器801中存储的程序被处理器802执行时，处理器802和通信接口803用于执行本申请实施例的通信方法的各个步骤。
处理器802是一种具有信号的处理能力的电路，在一种实现中，处理器802可以是具有指令读取与运行能力的电路，例如中央处理单元CPU、微处理器、图形处理器(graphics processing unit，GPU)(可以理解为一种微处理器)、或数字信号处理器(digital singnal processor，DSP)等；在另一种实现中，处理器802可以通过硬件电路的逻辑关系实现一定功能，该硬件电路的逻辑关系是固定的或可以重构的，例如处理器802为ASIC或可编程逻辑器件PLD实现的硬件电路，比如FPGA。在可重构的硬件电路中，处理器加载配置文档，实现硬件电路配置的过程，可以理解为处理器加载指令，以实现以上部分或全部模块的功能的过程。此外，还可以是针对人工智能设计的硬件电路，其可以理解为一种ASIC，例如神经网络处理单元(neural network processing unit，NPU)、张量处理单元(tensor processing unit， TPU)、深度学习处理单元(deep learning processing unit,DPU)等。处理器802用于执行相关程序，以实现本申请实施例的通信装置中的单元所需执行的功能，或者执行本申请方法实施例的通信方法。
可见，以上装置中的各模块可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个处理器(或处理电路)，例如：CPU、GPU、NPU、TPU、DPU、微处理器、DSP、ASIC、FPGA，或这些处理器形式中至少两种的组合。
此外，以上装置中的各模块可以全部或部分可以集成在一起，或者可以独立实现。在一种实现中，这些模块集成在一起，以片上***(system-on-a-chip，SOC)的形式实现。该SOC中可以包括至少一个处理器，用于实现以上任一种方法或实现该装置各模块的功能，该至少一个处理器的种类可以不同，例如包括CPU和FPGA，CPU和人工智能处理器，CPU和GPU等。
通信接口803使用例如但不限于收发器一类的收发装置，来实现装置800与其他设备或通信网络之间的通信。例如，可以通过通信接口803获取数据。
总线804可包括在装置800各个部件(例如，存储器801、处理器802、通信接口803)之间传送信息的通路。
应注意，尽管图8所示的装置800仅仅示出了存储器、处理器、通信接口，但是在具体实现过程中，本领域的技术人员应当理解，装置800还包括实现正常运行所必须的其他器件。同时，根据具体需要，本领域的技术人员应当理解，装置800还可包括实现其他附加功能的硬件器件。此外，本领域的技术人员应当理解，装置800也可仅仅包括实现本申请实施例所必须的器件，而不必包括图8中所示的全部器件。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括一个或多个处理器；其中，所述一个或多个处理器用于执行一个或多个存储器存储的计算机程序，使得所述通信装置实现如第一方面任一项所述的方法，或，实现如第二方面任一项所述的方法。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信装置还包括所述一个或多个存储器。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信装置为芯片或芯片***。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机或处理器上运行时，使得计算机或处理器执行上述任一个方法中的一个或多个步骤。
本申请实施例还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品。当该计算机程序产品在计算机或处理器上运行时，使得计算机或处理器执行上述任一个方法中的一个或多个步骤。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的***、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应步骤过程的具体描述，在此不再赘述。
应理解，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示前后关联的对象是一种“或”的关系，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。并且，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a-b，a-c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。另外，为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本 领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。同时，在本申请实施例中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请实施例中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念，便于理解。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的***、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，该单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如，多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个***，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合、或直接耦合、或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。该计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行该计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例的流程或功能。该计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。该计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者通过该计算机可读存储介质进行传输。该计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。该计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。该可用介质可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)，或随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，或磁性介质，例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带、磁碟、或光介质，例如，数字通用光盘(digital versatile disc，DVD)、或者半导体介质，例如，固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD)等。
以上所述，仅为本申请实施例的具体实施方式，但本申请实施例的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请实施例揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请实施例的保护范围之内。因此，本申请实施例的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (45)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    发送第一参考信号；
    接收第一信息，所述第一信息指示第一参数和第二参数，所述第一参数和所述第二参数是根据所述第一参考信号得到的，所述第一参数用于表征多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系，所述第二参数用于表征所述子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定以下一项或多项：
    多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，
    所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息还指示多个码字中每个码字的MCS映射因子，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述第一参数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比；
    根据所述每个码字的信噪比得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一参数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比，包括：
    根据所述第一参数确定第一函数，所述第一函数用于表征所述子信道之间的信道增益的相对大小；
    根据所述第一函数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到所述多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述每个码字的信噪比得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，包括：
    根据所述每个码字的信噪比和每个码字的MCS映射因子，得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子是预设的，或者，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子是预配置的。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数与信道矩阵的协方差矩阵的迹、所述信道矩阵的秩、所述第二参数中的至少一项关联，所述信道矩阵是根据所述第一参考信号获取到的。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一子信道为所述信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子信道。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述第一参数和/或所述第二参数在时域和/或频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息还指示所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第二粒度。
  11. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收第一参考信号；
    根据所述第一参考信号得到第一参数和第二参数，所述第一参数用于表征多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系，所述第二参数用于表征所述子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益；
    发送第一信息，所述第一信息指示所述第一参数和所述第二参数，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定以下一项或多项：
    多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，
    所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息还指示多个码字中每个码字的MCS映射因子，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述第一参数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比；
    根据所述每个码字的信噪比得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一参数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比，包括：
    根据所述第一参数确定第一函数，所述第一函数用于表征所述子信道之间的信道增益的相对大小；
    根据所述第一函数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到所述多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述每个码字的信噪比和所述每个码字的MCS计算得到所述每个码字的MCS映射因子，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
  16. 根据权利要求11至15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数与信道矩阵的协方差矩阵的迹、所述信道矩阵的秩、所述第二参数中的至少一项关联，所述信道矩阵是根据所述第一参考信号获取到的。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一子信道为所述信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子信道。
  18. 根据权利要求11至17任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息还指示所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第二粒度。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述第一参数和/或所述第二参数在时域和/或频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度；
    根据所述第一粒度确定所述第二粒度。
  20. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    通信模块，用于发送第一参考信号；
    所述通信模块，还用于接收第一信息，所述第一信息指示第一参数和第二参数，所述第一参数和所述第二参数是根据所述第一参考信号得到的，所述第一参数用于表征多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系，所述第二参数用于表征所述子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定以下一项或多项：
    多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，
    所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一信息还指示多个码字中每个码字的MCS映射因子，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
  22. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，所述装置还包括处理模块，用于：
    根据所述第一参数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比；
    根据所述每个码字的信噪比得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于：
    根据所述第一参数确定第一函数，所述第一函数用于表征所述子信道之间的信道增益的相对大小；
    根据所述第一函数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到所述多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。
  24. 根据权利要求22或23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于：
    根据所述每个码字的信噪比和每个码字的MCS映射因子，得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的装置，其特征在于，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子是预设的，或者，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子是预配置的。
  26. 根据权利要求20至25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一参数与信道矩阵的协方差矩阵的迹、所述信道矩阵的秩、所述第二参数中的至少一项关联，所述信道矩阵是根据所述第一参考信号获取到的。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一子信道为所述信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子信道。
  28. 根据权利要求20至27任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度，所述装置还包括处理模块，用于：
    根据所述第一参数和/或所述第二参数在时域和/或频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
  29. 根据权利要求20至28任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一信息还指示所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第二粒度。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括处理模块，用于：
    根据所述第一参数和/或所述第二参数在时域和/或频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度；
    根据所述第一粒度确定所述第二粒度。
  31. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    通信模块，用于接收第一参考信号；
    处理模块，用于根据所述第一参考信号得到第一参数和第二参数，所述第一参数用于表征多个子信道的信道增益之间的关联关系，所述第二参数用于表征所述子信道中的第一子信道的信道增益；
    所述通信模块，还用于发送第一信息，所述第一信息指示所述第一参数和所述第二参数，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定以下一项或多项：
    多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，
    所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一信息还指示多个码字中每个码字的MCS映射因子，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射 到对应的MCS的调整量。
  33. 根据权利要求31所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一参数和所述第二参数用于确定多个码字中每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS，所述处理模块，还用于：
    根据所述第一参数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到多个码字中每个码字的信噪比；
    根据所述每个码字的信噪比得到所述每个码字的调制和编码方案MCS。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于：
    根据所述第一参数确定第一函数，所述第一函数用于表征所述子信道之间的信道增益的相对大小；
    根据所述第一函数、所述第二参数以及子信道到码字的映射关系，得到所述多个码字中每个码字的信噪比。
  35. 根据权利要求33或34所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于：
    根据所述每个码字的信噪比和所述每个码字的MCS计算得到所述每个码字的MCS映射因子，所述每个码字的MCS映射因子用于表征所述每个码字从信噪比到映射到对应的MCS的调整量。
  36. 根据权利要求31至35任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一参数与信道矩阵的协方差矩阵的迹、所述信道矩阵的秩、所述第二参数中的至少一项关联，所述信道矩阵是根据所述第一参考信号获取到的。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一子信道为所述信道矩阵中的最大特征值所对应的子信道。
  38. 根据权利要求31至37任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一信息还指示所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第二粒度。
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于：
    根据所述第一参数和/或所述第二参数在时域和/或频域的变化值以及预设阈值，计算得到所述子信道的信道质量在时域和/或频域的第一粒度；
    根据所述第一粒度确定所述第二粒度。
  40. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括一个或多个处理器；其中，所述一个或多个处理器用于执行一个或多个存储器存储的计算机程序，使得所述通信装置实现如权利要求1至10任一项所述的方法，或，实现如权利要求11至19任一项所述的方法。
  41. 根据权利要求40所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括所述一个或多个存储器。
  42. 根据权利要求40或41所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置为芯片或芯片***。
  43. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有指令，当所述指令被处理器执行时，实现如权利要求1至10任一项所述的方法，或，实现如权利要求11至19任一项所述的方法。
  44. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被执行时，实现如权利要求1至10任一项所述的方法，或，实现如权利要求11至19任一项所述的方法。
  45. 一种通信***，其特征在于，包括如权利要求20-30任一项所述的装置，以及如权利要求31-39任一项所述的装置。
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