WO2024050874A1 - 一种多功能发声装置 - Google Patents

一种多功能发声装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024050874A1
WO2024050874A1 PCT/CN2022/120235 CN2022120235W WO2024050874A1 WO 2024050874 A1 WO2024050874 A1 WO 2024050874A1 CN 2022120235 W CN2022120235 W CN 2022120235W WO 2024050874 A1 WO2024050874 A1 WO 2024050874A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic
sound
fixed
pole core
generating device
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PCT/CN2022/120235
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毛路斌
李子昂
汤赟
马杰
Original Assignee
瑞声科技（南京）有限公司
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Application filed by 瑞声科技（南京）有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声科技（南京）有限公司
Priority to US18/321,725 priority Critical patent/US20240080628A1/en
Publication of WO2024050874A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024050874A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of electronic equipment, and in particular, to a multifunctional sound-generating device.
  • Electronic devices generally interact with users through sound playback and/or vibration sensing.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional sound-generating device that can solve the deficiencies in related technologies at least to a certain extent.
  • a multifunctional sound-generating device includes a shell with a receiving space and a sound-generating unit suspended in the receiving space.
  • the sound-generating unit includes a basin frame, a vibration system fixed in the basin frame, and a driver.
  • the vibration system vibrates in a first direction and generates sound in a magnetic circuit system.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a main magnetic steel assembly fixed in the basin frame and having a receiving cavity, and a magnetic steel assembly arranged around the main magnetic steel assembly to form a magnetic circuit system.
  • the multifunctional sound-generating device also includes a coil fixed on the housing and located in the accommodation cavity. The main magnet assembly can drive the sound-generating unit driven by the coil. Vibrate in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the magnetic circuit system further includes a first pole core fixed in the basin frame, the first pole core is provided with a clearance slot that is opposite to the accommodation cavity, and the first pole The core and the vibration system are respectively located on opposite sides of the basin frame.
  • the main magnetic steel assembly is fixedly connected to the first pole core and the vibration system respectively.
  • the secondary magnetic steel is fixed to the first pole core. Extreme core.
  • the main magnetic steel assembly includes a first magnetic ring fixed to the first pole core, a second pole core fixedly connected to the first magnetic ring, and a third pole core fixedly connected to the second pole core.
  • the multifunctional sound-generating device further includes an iron core fixed on the housing and located in the accommodation cavity, and the coil is sleeved and fixed on the outside of the iron core; the magnetization of the first magnetic ring
  • the direction of magnetization is toward the first pole core, the magnetization directions of the second magnetic ring and the secondary magnetic steel are both toward the vibration system, and the magnetization directions of both ends of the magnetic bowl are both toward the vibration system, so The magnetizing direction of the middle region of the magnetic bowl is toward the first pole core.
  • the main magnet assembly further includes a magnet accommodated in the accommodation cavity and with both ends fixed to the inside of the first magnetic ring, and the coil is sleeved on the outside of the magnet; the magnet is self-contained. Both ends are magnetized towards the middle, the magnetizing direction of the first magnetic ring is towards the first pole core, the magnetizing directions of the second magnetic ring, the magnetic bowl and the secondary magnetic steel are all towards the Vibration system.
  • the main magnetic steel assembly includes a first magnetic ring fixed to the first pole core, a magnetic bowl fixedly connected to the vibration system and the first magnetic ring respectively, and a magnetic bowl received in the accommodation cavity.
  • the multifunctional sound-generating device further includes an iron core fixed on the housing and located in the accommodation cavity, and the coil is sleeved and fixed on the outside of the iron core; the first magnetic ring is on the The magnetizing directions on opposite sides of the coil axis are arranged oppositely.
  • the magnetizing direction of one side of the secondary magnetic steel on the opposite sides of the coil axis is towards the first pole core, and the other side is towards the vibration. system.
  • the basin frame includes a main frame elastically connected to the housing, an enclosure frame fixedly connected to a side of the main frame away from the housing, and an enclosure frame fixed to the enclosure frame away from the housing.
  • An upper cover on one side of the main frame, the first pole core is fixed to the main frame, and the vibration system is connected to the upper cover.
  • the enclosing frame is provided with a gap
  • the multifunctional sound-generating device further includes an elastic member fixedly connected to the main frame and the housing respectively and located in the gap.
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm fixedly connected to the basin frame and the main magnetic steel assembly respectively, and a sealing ring is connected between the diaphragm and the main magnetic steel assembly; the sound unit
  • the body also includes a voice coil connected to the diaphragm and located in the magnetic gap. The voice coil is used to drive the diaphragm to vibrate in the first direction.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: since the sound-emitting unit is the vibrator of the motor, the coil is the motor stator, and the magnetic circuit system can drive the vibration system to vibrate in the first direction to produce sound, thereby realizing the sound-emitting function of the speaker, so that the motor and the speaker share a set of
  • the magnetic circuit system is simple to assemble, lower in cost, and saves space in the entire machine.
  • Figure 1 is a top view of a multifunctional sound-generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an A-A cross-sectional view of the main magnet assembly in Figure 1, which is composed of a first magnetic ring, a second pole core, a second magnetic ring and a magnetic bowl;
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of the main magnetic steel assembly in the multifunctional sound-generating device according to the embodiment of the present invention, which is composed of a first magnetic ring, a second pole core, a second magnetic ring and a magnetic bowl;
  • Figure 4 is an A-A cross-sectional view of the main magnet assembly in Figure 1, which is composed of a first magnetic ring, a second pole core, a second magnetic ring, a magnetic bowl, and a magnet;
  • Figure 5 is an exploded view of the main magnetic steel assembly in the multifunctional sound-generating device according to the embodiment of the present invention, which is composed of a first magnetic ring, a second pole core, a second magnetic ring, a magnetic bowl, and a magnet;
  • Figure 6 is an A-A cross-sectional view of the main magnet assembly in Figure 1, which is composed of a first magnetic ring, a second pole core, and a magnetic bowl;
  • Figure 7 is an exploded view of the main magnetic steel assembly in the multifunctional sound-generating device according to the embodiment of the present invention, which is composed of a first magnetic ring, a second pole core, and a magnetic bowl;
  • Figure 8 is an exploded view of the basin frame of the multifunctional sound-generating device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a multifunctional sound-generating device, which includes a housing 1 with a receiving space 11 and a sound-generating unit 2 suspended in the receiving space 11 .
  • the sound-generating unit 2 includes a basin. Frame 21, a vibration system 22 fixed in the basin frame 21, and a magnetic circuit system 23 that drives the vibration system 22 to vibrate and produce sounds in a first direction.
  • the magnetic circuit system 23 includes a main magnet fixed in the basin frame 21 and having a receiving cavity 2315.
  • the steel component 231 and the auxiliary magnetic steel 232 arranged around the main magnetic steel component 231 to form a magnetic gap.
  • the multifunctional sound-generating device also includes a coil 3 fixed to the housing 1 and located in the accommodation cavity 2315.
  • the main magnetic steel component 231 is in the coil 3 can drive the sound-generating unit 2 to vibrate along the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the sound-generating unit 2 is the vibrator of the motor
  • the coil 3 is the stator of the motor
  • the circuit system 23 can drive the vibration system 22 to vibrate and produce sound in the first direction to realize the sound-producing function of the speaker, so that the motor and the speaker share a magnetic circuit system 23, which is simple to assemble, lower in cost, and saves space in the entire machine.
  • the magnetic circuit system 23 further includes a first pole core 233 fixed in the basin frame 21 .
  • the first pole core 233 is provided with a passage that is opposite to the accommodation cavity 2315 .
  • the groove 2331, the first pole core 233 and the vibration system 22 are respectively located on opposite sides of the basin frame 21.
  • the main magnet assembly 231 is fixedly connected to the first pole core 233 and the vibration system 22 respectively, and the auxiliary magnet 232 is fixed to the first pole.
  • the first pole core 233 may be a flat plate. One side of the first pole core 233 is in contact with the housing 1 , and the main magnet assembly 231 and the auxiliary magnet 232 are fixed on the other side of the panel.
  • the pole core 233 is provided with a clearance slot 2331 that is opposite to the accommodation cavity 2315 to ensure that the first pole core 233 will not interfere with the fixation between the coil 3 and the housing 1. When moving in two directions, collision between the first pole core 233 and the coil 3 is avoided.
  • the first direction may be the Z direction
  • the second direction may be the X direction
  • the main magnet steel assembly 231 and the secondary magnet steel 232 can be magnetized in a variety of ways, so that the magnetic field intensity generated by the magnetic circuit system 23 There is a difference, so that driving forces of different sizes can be generated to facilitate the adjustment of the vibration effect of the vibration system 22 along the first direction and the vibration effect of the sound-emitting unit 2 along the second direction.
  • the main magnetic steel assembly 231 includes a first magnetic ring 2311 fixed to the first pole core 233, and a second pole core fixedly connected to the first magnetic ring 2311. 2312.
  • the second magnetic ring 2313 is fixedly connected to the second pole core 2312, and the magnetic bowl 2314 is fixedly connected to the second magnetic ring 2313 and the vibration system 22 respectively.
  • the second pole core 2312 is arranged in an annular shape, and the first magnetic ring 2311 , the inner cavity of the second pole core 2312 and the second magnetic ring 2313 together form a receiving cavity 2315.
  • the height of the first magnetic ring 2311 is equal to the height of the secondary magnetic steel 232, that is, there is a magnetic gap between the first magnetic ring 2311 and the secondary magnetic steel 232; the thickness of the first magnetic ring 2311 is greater than that of the second magnetic ring 2313 The thickness of the second magnetic ring 2313 is smaller than the thickness of the magnetic bowl 2314, which is beneficial to reducing the material consumed in manufacturing the main magnetic steel assembly 231, thereby reducing the cost; the magnetic bowl 2314 covers and seals the inner cavity of the second magnetic ring 2313 , ensuring the sealing of the sound-emitting unit 2, thereby improving the sound-emitting effect of the sound-emitting unit 2.
  • the cross-sectional sizes of the inner cavity of the first magnetic ring 2311, the inner cavity of the second pole core 2312, and the inner cavity of the second magnetic ring 2313 are the same, which is beneficial to ensuring that the main magnet assembly 231 is arranged symmetrically.
  • the multifunctional sound-generating device also includes an iron core 4 fixed on the housing 1 and located in the accommodation cavity 2315, and a coil 3
  • the sleeve is fixed on the outside of the iron core 4; the magnetizing direction of the first magnetic ring 2311 is toward the first pole core 233, the magnetizing directions of the second magnetic ring 2313 and the auxiliary magnet steel 232 are both toward the vibration system 22, and both sides of the magnetic bowl 2314
  • the magnetizing direction of the two ends is toward the vibration system 22
  • the magnetizing direction of the middle region of the magnetic bowl 2314 is toward the first pole core 233 .
  • one end of the iron core 4 passes through the relief slot 2331 of the first pole core 233 and is fixed to the housing 1, and the other end extends into the accommodation cavity 2315; the axis extension direction of the coil 3 is parallel to the length of the magnetic bowl 2314 Extending the defense line is conducive to providing the driving force for the coil 3 to drive the sound-generating unit 2 to move in the second direction. It should be understood that in this embodiment, the iron core 4 and the coil 3 together serve as a motor stator.
  • the main magnet assembly 231 also includes a structure that is received in the accommodation cavity 2315 and has both ends fixed to the first magnetic ring 2311.
  • the inner magnet 2316 and the coil 3 are set on the outer side of the magnet 2316; the magnet 2316 is magnetized from both ends toward the middle, the magnetizing direction of the first magnetic ring 2311 is toward the first pole core 233, the second magnetic ring 2313, and the magnetic bowl 2314 And the magnetizing direction of the auxiliary magnet steel 232 is toward the vibration system 22 .
  • the magnet 2316 can be in the shape of a column, and the magnet 2316 is a same-level opposing magnetic steel.
  • One side of the coil 3 passes through the relief slot 2331 of the first pole core 233 and contacts the shell 1. At this time, the coil 3 and the shell The bodies 1 can be fixed by gluing. It should be understood that in this embodiment, only the coil 3 serves as the stator of the motor.
  • the main magnetic steel assembly 231 includes a first magnetic ring 2311 fixed to the first pole core 233, and is respectively fixedly connected to the vibration system 22 and the first magnetic ring 2311.
  • the opposite ends of a magnetic ring 2311, and the second pole core 2312 are located in the extension direction of the axis of the coil 3. Specifically, a magnetic gap is formed between the first magnetic ring 2311 and the secondary magnetic steel 232.
  • the height of the first magnetic ring 2311 is higher than the height of the secondary magnetic steel 232, and the thickness of the first magnetic ring 2311 is greater than the thickness of the magnetic bowl 2314.
  • the main magnet assembly 231 in this embodiment is only provided with one magnetic ring, which simplifies the assembly process of the main magnet assembly 231 , and at the same time, the manufacturing cost of the main magnet assembly 231 can be reduced; the magnetic bowl 2314 covers and seals the inner cavity of the first magnetic ring 2311 to ensure the sealing of the sounding unit 2, thereby improving the sounding effect of the sounding unit 2.
  • the multifunctional sound-generating device also includes an iron core 4 fixed on the housing 1 and located in the accommodation cavity 2315, and the coil 3 is sleeved and fixed Outside the iron core 4; the first magnetic rings 2311 are arranged oppositely in the magnetizing directions on opposite sides of the axis of the coil 3, and the auxiliary magnet steel 232 has a magnetizing direction on one of the opposite sides of the axis of the coil 3 facing the first pole. Core 233, the other side faces the vibration system 22. It should be understood that the arrangement of the iron core 4 and the coil 3 in this embodiment is the same as the arrangement of the iron core 4 and the coil 3 in the previous embodiment, and the relevant discussion will not be made here.
  • the basin frame 21 includes a main frame 211 elastically connected to the housing 1, an enclosing frame 212 fixedly connected to the side of the main frame 211 away from the housing 1, and a fixed On the upper cover 213 on the side of the enclosing frame 212 away from the main frame 211, the first pole core 233 is fixed to the main frame 211, and the vibration system 22 is connected to the upper cover 213.
  • the main frame 211 is provided with an installation through slot, the first pole core 233 is fixed in the installation through slot, and the enclosing frame 212 is used to enclose and seal the main frame 211 so that the vibration system 22, the main magnet assembly 231 and the basin frame 21 A sealed space is formed therebetween, which is conducive to improving the sound-generating effect of the sound-generating unit 2; both ends of the main frame 211 are elastically connected to the housing 1 respectively, which facilitates the reciprocating vibration of the sound-generating unit 2 in the second direction.
  • the enclosing frame 212 is provided with a gap, and the multifunctional sound-generating device further includes an elastic member 5 that is fixedly connected to the main frame 211 and the housing 1 and located in the gap.
  • the enclosing frame 212 is provided with two notches, and the elastic members 5 are provided with two, and the two elastic members 5 are arranged in the axis extension direction of the coil 3.
  • the notches of the enclosing frame 212 can provide sufficient elasticity of the elastic members 5. Deform the space, thereby increasing the vibration intensity of the sound-emitting unit 2 along the second direction.
  • the elastic member 5 is U-shaped.
  • the elastic member 5 includes a first connecting arm fixedly connected to the main frame 211, a second connecting arm fixedly connected to the housing 1, and a second connecting arm fixedly connected to the housing 1.
  • the elastic portion is fixedly connected to the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm, and there is a gap between the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm.
  • the gap between the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm becomes larger.
  • gaskets are fixed on opposite sides of the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm.
  • the gaskets can buffer the collision between the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm and prevent the elastic member 5 from being damaged by the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm. Damaged by the collision between the two connecting arms.
  • the elastic member 5 can also be V-shaped, compression spring type, etc.
  • the gasket can be made of elastic materials such as foam, rubber, and silicone.
  • the vibration system 22 includes a diaphragm 221 fixedly connected to the basket 21 and the main magnet assembly 231 respectively, and the connection between the diaphragm 221 and the main magnet assembly 231 is A sealing ring 24 is connected between them;
  • the sound-generating unit 2 also includes a voice coil 25 connected to the diaphragm 221 and located in the magnetic gap.
  • the voice coil 25 is used to drive the diaphragm 221 to vibrate in the first direction.
  • the diaphragm 221 includes an outer folding ring fixedly connected to the upper cover 213, a dome connected to the outer folding ring, and an inner folding ring respectively connected to the dome and the magnetic bowl 2314.
  • the voice coil 25 is connected to the dome.
  • the sealing ring 24 is disposed between the inner folding ring and the magnetic bowl 2314 to ensure a sealed connection between the diaphragm 221 and the main magnetic steel assembly 231 .
  • the voice coil 25 drives the dome, the inner folding ring and the outer folding ring to vibrate, thereby causing the diaphragm 221 to vibrate and produce sound.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种多功能发声装置，包括具有收容空间的壳体和悬置于收容空间内的发声单体，发声单体包括盆架、固定于盆架内的振动***、以及驱动振动***沿第一方向振动发声的磁路***，磁路***包括固定于盆架内且具有容纳腔的主磁钢组件、以及环绕主磁钢组件设置以形成磁间隙的副磁钢，多功能发声装置还包括固定于壳体且位于容纳腔内的线圈，主磁钢组件在线圈的驱动下能够带动发声单体沿第二方向振动，第二方向垂直于第一方向。本发明的发声单体为马达的振子，线圈为马达定子，且磁路***可以驱动振动***沿第一方向振动发声，实现扬声器的发声功能，可以使得马达与扬声器共用一套磁路***，装配简单，成本更低，且更节省整机空间。

Description

一种多功能发声装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电子设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种多功能发声装置。
 背景技术
电子设备一般通过声音播放和/或振动振感来与用户互动。
相关技术中电子设备的声音播放和振动振感分别通过扬声器和马达来完成，且扬声器和马达为独立的器件，使得电子设备的整体装配复杂，同时更占用电子设备的内部空间。
因此，有必要提供一种新的多功能发声装置。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种多功能发声装置，能够至少一定程度上解决相关技术中的不足。
 技术解决方案
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种多功能发声装置，包括具有收容空间的壳体和悬置于所述收容空间内的发声单体，所述发声单体包括盆架、固定于所述盆架内的振动***、以及驱动所述振动***沿第一方向振动发声的磁路***，所述磁路***包括固定于所述盆架内且具有容纳腔的主磁钢组件、以及环绕所述主磁钢组件设置以形成磁间隙的副磁钢，所述多功能发声装置还包括固定于所述壳体且位于所述容纳腔内的线圈，所述主磁钢组件在所述线圈的驱动下能够带动所述发声单体沿第二方向振动，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
优选地，所述磁路***还包括固定于所述盆架内的第一极芯，所述第一极芯开设有与所述容纳腔正对设置的让位通槽，所述第一极芯和所述振动***分别位于所述盆架的相对两侧，所述主磁钢组件分别固定连接于所述第一极芯和所述振动***，所述副磁钢固定于所述第一极芯。
优选地，所述主磁钢组件包括固定于所述第一极芯的第一磁环、固定连接于所述第一磁环的第二极芯、固定连接于所述第二极芯的第二磁环、以及分别固定连接于所述第二磁环和所述振动***的磁碗，所述第二极芯呈环形设置，所述第一磁环、所述第二极芯、以及所述第二磁环的内腔共同形成所述容纳腔。
优选地，所述多功能发声装置还包括固定于所述壳体且位于所述容纳腔内的铁芯，所述线圈套设固定于所述铁芯外侧；所述第一磁环的充磁方向朝向所述第一极芯，所述第二磁环和所述副磁钢的充磁方向均朝向所述振动***，所述磁碗的两端的充磁方向均朝向所述振动***，所述磁碗的中部区域的充磁方向朝向所述第一极芯。
优选地，所述主磁钢组件还包括收容于所述容纳腔内且两端分别固定于所述第一磁环内侧的磁体，所述线圈套设于所述磁体的外侧；所述磁体自两端朝中部充磁，所述第一磁环的充磁方向朝向所述第一极芯，所述第二磁环、所述磁碗以及所述副磁钢的充磁方向均朝向所述振动***。
优选地，所述主磁钢组件包括固定于所述第一极芯的第一磁环、分别固定连接于所述振动***和所述第一磁环的磁碗、以及收容于所述容纳腔内且固定于所述第一极芯的两第二极芯，两所述第二极芯沿所述让位通槽边缘朝向所述振动***的方向延伸。
优选地，所述多功能发声装置还包括固定于所述壳体且位于所述容纳腔内的铁芯，所述线圈套设固定于所述铁芯外侧；所述第一磁环在所述线圈轴线的相对两侧的充磁方向相对设置，所述副磁钢在所述线圈轴线的相对两侧中的一侧的充磁方向朝向所述第一极芯，另一侧朝向所述振动***。
优选地，所述盆架包括弹性连接于所述壳体的主框架、固定连接于所述主框架远离所述壳体的一侧的围合框、以及固定于所述围合框远离所述主框架的一侧的上盖，所述第一极芯固定于所述主框架，所述振动***与所述上盖相连。
优选地，所述围合框设有缺口，所述多功能发声装置还包括分别固定连接于所述主框架和所述壳体且位于所述缺口内的弹性件。
优选地，所述振动***包括分别固定连接于所述盆架和所述主磁钢组件的振膜，且所述振膜和所述主磁钢组件之间连接有密封环；所述发声单体还包括连接于所述振膜且位于所述磁间隙内的音圈，所述音圈用于带动所述振膜沿第一方向振动。
 有益效果
本发明的有益效果在于：由于发声单体为马达的振子，线圈为马达定子，且磁路***可以驱动振动***沿第一方向振动发声，实现扬声器的发声功能，从而使得马达与扬声器共用一套磁路***，装配简单，成本更低，且更节省整机空间。
 附图说明
图1是本发明实施例多功能发声装置的俯视图；
图2是图1中的主磁钢组件由第一磁环、第二极芯、第二磁环以及磁碗构成的A-A向剖视图；
图3是本发明实施例多功能发声装置中的主磁钢组件由第一磁环、第二极芯、第二磁环以及磁碗构成的***图；
图4是图1中的主磁钢组件由第一磁环、第二极芯、第二磁环、磁碗、以及磁体构成的A-A向剖视图；
图5是本发明实施例多功能发声装置中的主磁钢组件由第一磁环、第二极芯、第二磁环、磁碗、以及磁体构成的***图；
图6是图1中的主磁钢组件由第一磁环、第二极芯、以及磁碗构成的A-A向剖视图；
图7是本发明实施例多功能发声装置中的主磁钢组件由第一磁环、第二极芯、以及磁碗构成的***图；
图8是本发明实施例多功能发声装置中盆架的***图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图和实施方式对本发明作进一步说明。
请参阅图1至图8，本发明实施例提供了一种多功能发声装置，包括具有收容空间11的壳体1和悬置于收容空间11内的发声单体2，发声单体2包括盆架21、固定于盆架21内的振动***22、以及驱动振动***22沿第一方向振动发声的磁路***23，磁路***23包括固定于盆架21内且具有容纳腔2315的主磁钢组件231、以及环绕主磁钢组件231设置以形成磁间隙的副磁钢232，多功能发声装置还包括固定于壳体1且位于容纳腔2315内的线圈3，主磁钢组件231在线圈3的驱动下能够带动发声单体2沿第二方向振动，第二方向垂直于第一方向。
应当理解，当磁路***23中的主磁钢组件231在线圈3的驱动下带动发声单体2沿第二方向振动时，发声单体2为马达的振子，线圈3为马达定子，且磁路***23可以驱动振动***22沿第一方向振动发声，实现扬声器的发声功能，从而使得马达与扬声器共用一套磁路***23，装配简单，成本更低，且更节省整机空间。
请参阅图1至图5，进一步地，磁路***23还包括固定于盆架21内的第一极芯233，第一极芯233开设有与所述容纳腔2315正对设置的让位通槽2331，第一极芯233和振动***22分别位于盆架21的相对两侧，主磁钢组件231分别固定连接于第一极芯233和振动***22，副磁钢232固定于第一极芯233。具体的，第一极芯233可以为平板，第一极芯233的一侧板面与壳体1相接触，另一侧板面固定有主磁钢组件231和副磁钢232，且第一极芯233开设有与容纳腔2315正对设置的让位通槽2331，以保证第一极芯233不会干扰线圈3与壳体1之间的固定，同时，可以在发声单体2沿第二方向运动时避免第一极芯233与线圈3相碰撞。
在本发明实施例中，第一方向可以为Z向，第二方向可以为X向；主磁钢组件231和副磁钢232的充磁方式具有多种，使得磁路***23产生的磁场强度存在差异，从而可以产生不同大小的驱动力，便于调节振动***22沿第一方向的振动效果和发声单体2沿第二方向的振动效果。
请参阅图1、图2以及图3，在一些实施例中，主磁钢组件231包括固定于第一极芯233的第一磁环2311、固定连接于第一磁环2311的第二极芯2312、固定连接于第二极芯2312的第二磁环2313、以及分别固定连接于第二磁环2313和振动***22的磁碗2314，第二极芯2312呈环形设置，第一磁环2311、第二极芯2312、以及第二磁环2313的内腔共同形成容纳腔2315。具体的，第一磁环2311的高度和副磁钢232的高度相等，即第一磁环2311和副磁钢232之间设有磁间隙；第一磁环2311的厚度大于第二磁环2313的厚度，第二磁环2313的厚度小于磁碗2314的厚度，有利于减小制造主磁钢组件231所消耗的材料，从而降低成本；磁碗2314盖合密封第二磁环2313的内腔，保证发声单体2的密封性，从而提升发声单体2的发声效果。根据实际需要，第一磁环2311的内腔、第二极芯2312的内腔、以及第二磁环2313的内腔的横截面大小相同，有利于保证主磁钢组件231对称设置。
请参阅图2和图3（图2中的箭头方向为充磁方向），在一个实施例中，多功能发声装置还包括固定于壳体1且位于容纳腔2315内的铁芯4，线圈3套设固定于铁芯4外侧；第一磁环2311的充磁方向朝向第一极芯233，第二磁环2313和副磁钢232的充磁方向均朝向振动***22，磁碗2314的两端的充磁方向均朝向振动***22，磁碗2314的中部区域的充磁方向朝向第一极芯233。具体的，铁芯4的一端穿过第一极芯233的让位通槽2331并固定于壳体1，另一端延伸至容纳腔2315内；线圈3的轴线延伸方向平行于磁碗2314的长度延伸防线，有利于线圈3提供驱动发声单体2沿第二方向运动的驱动力。应当理解，在本实施例中，铁芯4和线圈3共同作为马达定子。
请参阅图4以及图5（图4中的箭头方向为充磁方向），在一个实施例中，主磁钢组件231还包括收容于容纳腔2315内且两端分别固定于第一磁环2311内侧的磁体2316，线圈3套设于磁体2316的外侧；磁体2316自两端朝中部充磁，第一磁环2311的充磁方向朝向第一极芯233，第二磁环2313、磁碗2314以及副磁钢232的充磁方向均朝向振动***22。具体的，磁体2316可以呈柱状，磁体2316为同级相对磁钢，线圈3的一侧穿过第一极芯233的让位通槽2331并与壳体1相接触，此时线圈3与壳体1之间可以通过打胶固定。应当理解，在本实施例中，仅线圈3作为马达的定子。
请参阅图1、图6以及图7，在一个实施例中，主磁钢组件231包括固定于第一极芯233的第一磁环2311、分别固定连接于振动***22和第一磁环2311的磁碗2314、以及收容于容纳腔2315内且固定于第一极芯233的两第二极芯2312，第一磁环2311的内腔形成容纳腔2315，两第二极芯2312分布在第一磁环2311的相对两端，且第二极芯2312位于线圈3轴线的延伸方向上。具体的，第一磁环2311和副磁钢232之间形成磁间隙，第一磁环2311的高度高于副磁钢232的高度，且第一磁环2311的厚度大于磁碗2314的厚度，与其他实施例中主磁钢组件231设置多个磁环和多个极芯相比，本实施例中的主磁钢组件231仅设有一个磁环，简化了主磁钢组件231的装配工艺，同时可以降低主磁钢组件231的制造成本；磁碗2314盖合密封第一磁环2311的内腔，保证发声单体2的密封性，从而提升发声单体2的发声效果。
请参阅图6和图7（图6中的箭头方向为充磁方向），进一步地，多功能发声装置还包括固定于壳体1且位于容纳腔2315内的铁芯4，线圈3套设固定于铁芯4外侧；第一磁环2311在线圈3轴线的相对两侧的充磁方向相对设置，副磁钢232在线圈3轴线的相对两侧中的一侧的充磁方向朝向第一极芯233，另一侧朝向振动***22。应当理解，本实施例中的铁芯4和线圈3的设置方式和前述实施例中的铁芯4和线圈3设置方式相同，在此不进行相关论述。
请参阅图2和图8，在一个实施例中，盆架21包括弹性连接于壳体1的主框架211、固定连接于主框架211远离壳体1的一侧的围合框212、以及固定于围合框212远离主框架211的一侧的上盖213，第一极芯233固定于主框架211，振动***22与上盖213相连。具体的，主框架211开设安装通槽，第一极芯233固定于安装通槽内，围合框212用于围合密封主框架211，使得振动***22、主磁钢组件231以及盆架21之间形成密封空间，有利于提升发声单体2的发声效果；主框架211的两端分别弹性连接于壳体1，便于发声单体2沿第二方向往复振动。
请参阅图2和图8，进一步地，围合框212设有缺口，多功能发声装置还包括分别固定连接于主框架211和壳体1且位于缺口内的弹性件5。具体的，围合框212设有两个缺口，弹性件5设有两个，且两弹性件5设置于线圈3的轴线延伸方向上，围合框212的缺口可以提供弹性件5足够的弹性形变空间，从而提升发声单体2沿第二方向的振动强度。
请参阅图2、图4以及图6，其中，弹性件5呈U型，弹性件5包括与主框架211固定连接的第一连接臂、固定连接于壳体1的第二连接臂、以及分别固定连接于第一连接臂和第二连接臂的弹力部，第一连接臂和第二连接臂之间具有间隙。当主磁钢组件231带动发声单体2沿第二方向运动时，第一连接臂朝靠近第二连接臂的方向运动，此时第一连接臂和第一连接臂之间的间隙变小；当弹性件5驱动发声单体2复原时，第一连接臂朝远离第二连接臂的方向运动，此时第一连接臂和第二连接臂之间的间隙变大。优选地，第一连接臂和第二连接臂的相对侧均固定有垫片，垫片可以缓冲第一连接臂和第二连接臂之间的碰撞，避免弹性件5因第一连接臂和第二连接臂之间的碰撞而损坏。根据实际需要，弹性件5也可以为V型和压缩弹簧型等，垫片可以采用泡沫、橡胶、硅胶的弹性材料。
请参阅图1、图2以及图3，在一个实施例中，振动***22包括分别固定连接于盆架21和主磁钢组件231的振膜221，且振膜221和主磁钢组件231之间连接有密封环24；发声单体2还包括连接于振膜221且位于磁间隙内的音圈25，音圈25用于带动振膜221沿第一方向振动。具体的，振膜221包括固定连接于上盖213的外折环、连接于外折环的球顶、以及分别连接于球顶和磁碗2314的内折环，音圈25连接于球顶，密封环24设置于内折环和磁碗2314之间，以保证振膜221和主磁钢组件231之间密封连接。当磁路***23驱动音圈25振动时，音圈25带动球顶、内折环和外折环振动，从而使得振膜221振动发声。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种多功能发声装置，其特征在于，包括具有收容空间的壳体和悬置于所述收容空间内的发声单体，所述发声单体包括盆架、固定于所述盆架内的振动***、以及驱动所述振动***沿第一方向振动发声的磁路***，所述磁路***包括固定于所述盆架内且具有容纳腔的主磁钢组件、以及环绕所述主磁钢组件设置以形成磁间隙的副磁钢，所述多功能发声装置还包括固定于所述壳体且位于所述容纳腔内的线圈，所述主磁钢组件在所述线圈的驱动下能够带动所述发声单体沿第二方向振动，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能发声装置，其特征在于，所述磁路***还包括固定于所述盆架内的第一极芯，所述第一极芯开设有与所述容纳腔正对设置的让位通槽，所述第一极芯和所述振动***分别位于所述盆架的相对两侧，所述主磁钢组件分别固定连接于所述第一极芯和所述振动***，所述副磁钢固定于所述第一极芯。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的多功能发声装置，其特征在于，所述主磁钢组件包括固定于所述第一极芯的第一磁环、固定连接于所述第一磁环的第二极芯、固定连接于所述第二极芯的第二磁环、以及分别固定连接于所述第二磁环和所述振动***的磁碗，所述第二极芯呈环形设置，所述第一磁环、所述第二极芯、以及所述第二磁环的内腔共同形成所述容纳腔。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的多功能发声装置，其特征在于，所述多功能发声装置还包括固定于所述壳体且位于所述容纳腔内的铁芯，所述线圈套设固定于所述铁芯外侧；所述第一磁环的充磁方向朝向所述第一极芯，所述第二磁环和所述副磁钢的充磁方向均朝向所述振动***，所述磁碗的两端的充磁方向均朝向所述振动***，所述磁碗的中部区域的充磁方向朝向所述第一极芯。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的多功能发声装置，其特征在于，所述主磁钢组件还包括收容于所述容纳腔内且两端分别固定于所述第一磁环内侧的磁体，所述线圈套设于所述磁体的外侧；所述磁体自两端朝中部充磁，所述第一磁环的充磁方向朝向所述第一极芯，所述第二磁环、所述磁碗以及所述副磁钢的充磁方向均朝向所述振动***。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的多功能发声装置，其特征在于，所述主磁钢组件包括固定于所述第一极芯的第一磁环、分别固定连接于所述振动***和所述第一磁环的磁碗、以及收容于所述容纳腔内且固定于所述第一极芯的两第二极芯，两所述第二极芯沿所述让位通槽边缘朝向所述振动***的方向延伸。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的多功能发声装置，其特征在于，所述多功能发声装置还包括固定于所述壳体且位于所述容纳腔内的铁芯，所述线圈套设固定于所述铁芯外侧；所述第一磁环在所述线圈轴线的相对两侧的充磁方向相对设置，所述副磁钢在所述线圈轴线的相对两侧中的一侧的充磁方向朝向所述第一极芯，另一侧朝向所述振动***。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的多功能发声装置，其特征在于，所述盆架包括弹性连接于所述壳体的主框架、固定连接于所述主框架远离所述壳体的一侧的围合框、以及固定于所述围合框远离所述主框架的一侧的上盖，所述第一极芯固定于所述主框架，所述振动***与所述上盖相连。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的多功能发声装置，其特征在于，所述围合框设有缺口，所述多功能发声装置还包括分别固定连接于所述主框架和所述壳体且位于所述缺口内的弹性件。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能发声装置，其特征在于，所述振动***包括分别固定连接于所述盆架和所述主磁钢组件的振膜，且所述振膜和所述主磁钢组件之间连接有密封环；所述发声单体还包括连接于所述振膜且位于所述磁间隙内的音圈，所述音圈用于带动所述振膜沿第一方向振动。
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