WO2024045144A1

WO2024045144A1 - Power amplification circuit and radio-frequency transceiving apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2024045144A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/116613
Authority: WO
Inventors: 杜清兆; 李科; 杨超伟; 刘沛玮; 余卓哲
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2022-09-01
Filing date: 2022-09-01
Publication date: 2024-03-07

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of radio frequency communications. Provided are a power amplification circuit and a radio-frequency transceiving apparatus, which are used for further improving the rollback efficiency under a broadband to realize efficient power amplification within a relatively large rollback range. The power amplification circuit comprises: a Doherty combiner and two power amplification circuits, wherein each power amplification circuit further comprises a mean amplifier, an orthogonal splitter, an orthogonal combiner, a first peak amplifier, a second peak amplifier, a phase shift network and a load resistor. Different operation modes, which involve bias states of different power amplifiers, are set, for example, amplification is performed by a single mean amplifier when rollback is performed within a small power range, mean amplifiers of two power amplification circuits operate in a Doherty mode when rollback is performed within a medium power range, and the two power amplification circuits operate in an LMBA-BSS mode when rollback is performed within a large power range. In this way, a relatively large rollback range can be ensured, and the efficiency can also be improved.

Description

一种功率放大电路和射频收发装置A power amplifier circuit and radio frequency transceiver device

技术领域Technical field

本申请的实施例涉及射频通信领域，具体涉及一种功率放大电路和射频收发装置。Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of radio frequency communications, and specifically relate to a power amplifier circuit and a radio frequency transceiver device.

背景技术Background technique

随着无线通信技术的不断发展，不同制式的频段部署也越来越多。如果能够通过一套通信***可以实现对多个频段的同时覆盖，则可以大幅度降低无线发射机的复杂度，这意味着需要朝大带宽不断演进。With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, more and more frequency bands of different standards are deployed. If a communication system can achieve simultaneous coverage of multiple frequency bands, the complexity of wireless transmitters can be greatly reduced, which means that continuous evolution towards large bandwidth is needed.

由于无线通信的普及和广泛应用，有限电磁波频谱资源的稀缺性逐渐显现。因此如何提高频谱资源的利用率成为了人们关注的热点。而射频功率放大器作为无线通信***收发机的重要组成部分，直接影响到输出信号的大小和整体效率问题，是决定频谱资源利用率高低的关键所在。Due to the popularity and widespread application of wireless communications, the scarcity of limited electromagnetic spectrum resources has gradually emerged. Therefore, how to improve the utilization of spectrum resources has become a hot topic. As an important part of the wireless communication system transceiver, the radio frequency power amplifier directly affects the size and overall efficiency of the output signal, and is the key to determining the utilization rate of spectrum resources.

现代无线***常使用具有高峰均功比的调制信号来提高稀缺频谱资源的利用率。但由于实际无线业务中用户负载较低使得功率放大器工作在远大于信号峰均比的功率回退状态下，此时功放的运行效率不高并且功耗很大。为了应对此种情况出现了双平衡端单管负载调制平衡放大器结构(load modulated balanced amplifier-balance single-end single-end，LMBA-BSS)。LMBA-BSS是一种经典的正交平衡放大器，包括两路平衡功放和一路控制功放，其中平衡路功放采用峰值管，控制路功放采用均值管。输入信号通过功分器分为两路，一路流向控制功放，另一路通过输入耦合器分配至两路平衡功放，两路平衡功放和一路控制功放的输出信号通过输出耦合器进行合成，在小功率下峰值管处于截止状态，只有均值管进行工作，随着功率的不断增大，峰值管开始工作。这样的实现方式有效的提升了功放在小功率输入信号下的放大效率，在大功率输入信号下结合双输入的设计，也可以实现很大的带宽和9dB左右的回退量。但是当回退量进一步增加时，例如对9dB以上的回退量来说使用现有的功放结构效率会大打折扣，LMBA-BSS结构也仅能实现9dB左右的回退量，而无法实现更大回退范围下的高效率。Modern wireless systems often use modulated signals with peak-to-average power ratios to improve the utilization of scarce spectrum resources. However, due to the low user load in actual wireless services, the power amplifier operates in a power backoff state that is much greater than the signal peak-to-average ratio. At this time, the operating efficiency of the power amplifier is not high and the power consumption is large. In order to cope with this situation, the double-balanced-end single-tube load-modulated balanced amplifier structure (load modulated balanced amplifier-balance single-end single-end, LMBA-BSS) appeared. LMBA-BSS is a classic quadrature balanced amplifier, including two balanced power amplifiers and one control power amplifier. The balanced power amplifier uses a peaking tube and the control power amplifier uses an averaging tube. The input signal is divided into two channels through the power splitter, one channel flows to the control power amplifier, and the other channel is distributed to the two balanced power amplifiers through the input coupler. The output signals of the two balanced power amplifiers and one control power amplifier are synthesized through the output coupler. At low power The lower peak tube is in a cut-off state, and only the average tube works. As the power continues to increase, the peak tube starts to work. This implementation method effectively improves the amplification efficiency of the power amplifier under low-power input signals. When combined with the dual-input design under high-power input signals, it can also achieve a large bandwidth and a backoff of about 9dB. However, when the amount of backoff is further increased, for example, for the amount of backoff above 9dB, the efficiency of using the existing power amplifier structure will be greatly reduced. The LMBA-BSS structure can only achieve a backoff amount of about 9dB, and cannot achieve a larger amount. High efficiency under fallback range.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本申请的实施例提供了一种功率放大电路和射频收发装置，用以改善在回退较大时的效率低下问题。Embodiments of the present application provide a power amplifier circuit and a radio frequency transceiver device to improve the problem of low efficiency when backoff is large.

为了实现上述目的，本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

第一方面，本申请的实施例提供了一种功率放大电路，包括多赫蒂合路器以及两个功放电路：第一功放电路与第二功放电路：In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a power amplifier circuit, including a Doherty combiner and two power amplifier circuits: a first power amplifier circuit and a second power amplifier circuit:

其中，任一个功放电路包括第一射频信号输入端、第二射频信号输入端、均值放大器、正交分路器、正交合路器、第一峰值放大器、第二峰值放大器以及射频信号输出端；Wherein, any power amplifier circuit includes a first radio frequency signal input terminal, a second radio frequency signal input terminal, an average amplifier, a quadrature splitter, a quadrature combiner, a first peak amplifier, a second peak amplifier and a radio frequency signal output terminal. ;

均值放大器的输入端与第一射频信号输入端连接；正交分路器的输入端与第二射频信号输入端连接，正交分路器的隔离端通过负载电阻接地，正交分路器的直通端与第一峰值放大器的输入端连接，正交分路器的耦合端与第二峰值放大器的输入端连接；The input end of the averaging amplifier is connected to the first radio frequency signal input end; the input end of the orthogonal splitter is connected to the second radio frequency signal input end, the isolation end of the orthogonal splitter is connected to the ground through the load resistor, and the The direct end is connected to the input end of the first peak amplifier, and the coupling end of the quadrature splitter is connected to the input end of the second peak amplifier;

正交合路器的第一输入端与第一峰值放大器的输出端连接，正交合路器的第二输入端与第二峰值放大器的输出端连接，正交合路器的隔离端与均值放大器的输出端连接，正交合路器的输出端与功放电路的射频输出端连接；The first input end of the quadrature combiner is connected to the output end of the first peak amplifier, the second input end of the quadrature combiner is connected to the output end of the second peak amplifier, and the isolation end of the quadrature combiner is connected to the average The output terminal of the amplifier is connected, and the output terminal of the quadrature combiner is connected with the radio frequency output terminal of the power amplifier circuit;

第一功放电路的射频输出端与多赫蒂合路器的第一输入端连接，第二功放电路的射频输出端与多赫蒂合路器的第二输入端连接，第一功放电路的均值放大器与第二功放电路的均值放大器的偏置状态不同，多赫蒂合路器用于对第一功放电路、第二功放电路放大后的信号进行功率合并。本申请实施例提供的功率放大电路通过两个功放电路六个功率放大器对信号进行放大，其中峰值放大器用于在输入信号为大功率信号时达到高效率状态，两个功放电路中不同的均值放大器的偏置状态不同，这样可以更为有效的对不同功率范围的信号进行放大，使每一个功率放大器都在高效运作状态之下，在不同回退区间，多个功率放大器能够以不同的工作模式组合工作，以此来提高不同回退的情况下功率放大器的输出效率。The radio frequency output terminal of the first power amplifier circuit is connected to the first input terminal of the Doherty combiner, the radio frequency output terminal of the second power amplifier circuit is connected to the second input terminal of the Doherty combiner, and the average value of the first power amplifier circuit The bias states of the averaging amplifiers of the amplifier and the second power amplifier circuit are different, and the Doherty combiner is used to power combine the amplified signals of the first power amplifier circuit and the second power amplifier circuit. The power amplifier circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application amplifies the signal through two power amplifier circuits and six power amplifiers. The peak amplifier is used to achieve a high-efficiency state when the input signal is a high-power signal. Different average amplifiers in the two power amplifier circuits The bias states are different, which can more effectively amplify signals in different power ranges, so that each power amplifier operates in an efficient state. In different fallback intervals, multiple power amplifiers can operate in different operating modes. Work in combination to improve the output efficiency of the power amplifier under different backoff conditions.

在一种可能的实现方式中，第一功放电路的均值放大器处于AB类偏置状态，AB类偏置状态的均值放大器的输出级结合了A类偏置状态放大器的高保真性和B类偏置状态放大器的高转换效率，从而达到更好的功率放大效果。第二功放电路的均值放大器偏置在C类偏置状态，AB类偏置状态的均值放大器可以在信号功率较小的情况下达到高效率状态，而C类偏置状态的均值放大器可以在信号功率较大的情况达到高效率状态。在回退较大，例如回退为15dB以上时，输入信号的功率较低，在这种情形下第一功放电路的均值放大器处于高效率工作状态，第二功放电路的均值放大器处于截止状态。当输入信号功率逐渐增大，例如当回退在15dB～9dB这个回退区间时，第一功放电路的均值放大器与第二功放电路的均值放大器可以多赫蒂模式工作，以提高输出效率。In a possible implementation, the averaging amplifier of the first power amplifier circuit is in a class AB bias state, and the output stage of the averaging amplifier in the class AB bias state combines the high fidelity of the class A bias state amplifier with the class B bias state. The high conversion efficiency of the state amplifier achieves better power amplification effect. The averaging amplifier of the second power amplifier circuit is biased in the class C bias state. The averaging amplifier in the class AB bias state can achieve a high efficiency state when the signal power is small, while the averaging amplifier in the class C bias state can achieve high efficiency when the signal power is small. In the case of larger power, a high efficiency state is achieved. When the backoff is large, for example, when the backoff is above 15dB, the power of the input signal is low. In this case, the average amplifier of the first power amplifier circuit is in a high-efficiency operating state, and the average amplifier of the second power amplifier circuit is in a cut-off state. When the input signal power gradually increases, for example, when it falls back in the fallback range of 15dB to 9dB, the average amplifier of the first power amplifier circuit and the average amplifier of the second power amplifier circuit can operate in Doherty mode to improve output efficiency.

在一种可能的实现方式中，第一功放电路、第二功放电路的峰值放大器偏置在C类偏置状态，C类偏置状态的峰值放大器可以在信号的功率为大功率的情况下达到高效率状态，当信号功率继续增大，例如回退范围为0dB～9dB这个回退区间时，也即信号为大功率的情况下，第一功放电路、第二功放电路以LMBA-BSS状态运行，共同对信号进行功率放大。In a possible implementation, the peak amplifiers of the first power amplifier circuit and the second power amplifier circuit are biased in a Class C bias state. The peak amplifier in the Class C bias state can reach a peak value when the power of the signal is high. In the high-efficiency state, when the signal power continues to increase, for example, when the fallback range is 0dB to 9dB, that is, when the signal is high power, the first power amplifier circuit and the second power amplifier circuit operate in the LMBA-BSS state. , jointly amplify the power of the signal.

在一种可能的实现方式中，功放电路包括移相网络，所述移相网络设置于射频信号输入端与均值放大器的输入端之间。移相网络可以控制均值放大器的输入信号产生相移从而实现控制功放的幅度和相位，进而对功放的负载幅度和相位进行调控。In a possible implementation, the power amplifier circuit includes a phase-shifting network, and the phase-shifting network is disposed between the radio frequency signal input end and the input end of the averaging amplifier. The phase-shifting network can control the input signal of the averaging amplifier to produce a phase shift to control the amplitude and phase of the power amplifier, thereby regulating the load amplitude and phase of the power amplifier.

在一种可能的实现方式中，功率放大电路包括第一功分器、第二功分器、第三功分器以及信号输入端；信号输入端与第一功分器输入端连接，第一功分器的第一输出端与第二功分器的输入端连接，第一功分器的第二输出端与第三功器的输入端连接；第二功分器的第一输出端与第一功放电路的第一射频信号输入端连接，第二功分器的第二输出端与第一功放电路的第二射频信号输入端连接；第三功分器的第一输出端与第二功放电路的第一射频信号输入端连接，第三功分器的第二输出端与第二功放电路的第二射频信号输入端连接。通过三个功分器来实现对信号的功率分配，使得每个功放电路可以独立的工作，从而达到在不同情景下功率放大电路会工作在不同模式下的效果。In a possible implementation, the power amplifier circuit includes a first power divider, a second power divider, a third power divider and a signal input end; the signal input end is connected to the input end of the first power divider, and the first The first output end of the power divider is connected to the input end of the second power divider, the second output end of the first power divider is connected to the input end of the third power divider; the first output end of the second power divider is connected to The first radio frequency signal input end of the first power amplifier circuit is connected, the second output end of the second power divider is connected to the second radio frequency signal input end of the first power amplifier circuit; the first output end of the third power divider is connected to the second The first radio frequency signal input terminal of the power amplifier circuit is connected, and the second output terminal of the third power splitter is connected to the second radio frequency signal input terminal of the second power amplifier circuit. The power distribution of the signal is achieved through three power dividers, so that each power amplifier circuit can work independently, thereby achieving the effect that the power amplifier circuit will work in different modes under different scenarios.

在一种可能的实施方式中，功率放大电路还包括相位线，第一功分器的输出端与第三功分器的输入端之间设置相位线。相位线为1/4波长相位线，可以对多路放大信号经过多赫蒂合路器合路后的相位进行补偿，使得不同放大路径的信号相位对齐。In a possible implementation, the power amplifier circuit further includes a phase line, and the phase line is provided between the output end of the first power divider and the input end of the third power divider. The phase line is a 1/4 wavelength phase line, which can compensate the phase of multi-channel amplified signals after being combined by the Doherty combiner, so that the signal phases of different amplification paths are aligned.

在另一种可能的实施方式中，功率放大电路包括第一功分器、第二功分器第一信号输入端、第二信号输入端；第一信号输入端与第一器的输入端连接，第二信号输入端与第二功分器的输入端连接，第一功分器的第一输出端与第一功放电路的第二射频信号输入端连接，第一功分器的第二输出端与第二功放电路的第一射频信号输入端连接；In another possible implementation, the power amplifier circuit includes a first power divider, a second power divider, a first signal input end, and a second signal input end; the first signal input end is connected to the input end of the first device , the second signal input end is connected to the input end of the second power divider, the first output end of the first power divider is connected to the second radio frequency signal input end of the first power amplifier circuit, and the second output of the first power divider The terminal is connected to the first radio frequency signal input terminal of the second power amplifier circuit;

第二功分器的第一输出端与第一功放电路的第一射频信号输入端连接，第一功放电路的第一射频信号输入端与正交分路器的输入端连接；第二功分器的第二输出端与第二功放电路的第二射频信号输入端连接，第二射频信号输入端与正交分路器的输入端连接。这种双输入的设计可以实现更大带宽下高效率功率放大的效果。The first output end of the second power divider is connected to the first radio frequency signal input end of the first power amplifier circuit, and the first radio frequency signal input end of the first power amplifier circuit is connected to the input end of the orthogonal splitter; the second power divider The second output terminal of the amplifier is connected to the second radio frequency signal input terminal of the second power amplifier circuit, and the second radio frequency signal input terminal is connected to the input terminal of the orthogonal splitter. This dual-input design can achieve high-efficiency power amplification with a larger bandwidth.

在另一种可能的实施方式中，功率放大电路包括第一相位线和第二相位线；第一相位线位于第一功分器的第二输出端和所述移相网络之间，第二相位线位于第二功分器的第二输出端和正交合路器的输入端之间。相位线为1/4波长相位线。第一功分器的第二输出端和移相网络之间设置1/4波长相位线，第二功分器的第二输出端和正交合路器的输入端之间设置1/4波长相位线，当第二功放电路的均值放大器开始工作和所有峰值放大器打开的情形下会有不止一路输出信号流入多赫蒂合路器进行功率合成。此时可以通过1/4波长相位线进行相位对齐来保证输出的保真程度。In another possible implementation, the power amplifier circuit includes a first phase line and a second phase line; the first phase line is located between the second output end of the first power divider and the phase shifting network, and the second phase line The phase line is located between the second output of the second power divider and the input of the quadrature combiner. The phase line is a 1/4 wavelength phase line. A 1/4-wavelength phase line is set between the second output end of the first power splitter and the phase-shifting network, and a 1/4-wavelength phase line is set between the second output end of the second power splitter and the input end of the quadrature combiner. Phase line, when the average amplifier of the second power amplifier circuit starts to work and all peak amplifiers are turned on, more than one output signal will flow into the Doherty combiner for power synthesis. At this time, phase alignment can be performed through the 1/4 wavelength phase line to ensure the fidelity of the output.

在另一种可能的实施方式中，多赫蒂合路器包括第一输入端、第二输入端、输出端和微带线；多赫蒂合路器的第一输入端连接第一功放电路的射频信号输出端，多赫蒂合路器的第二输入端连接第二功放电路的射频信号输出端，多赫蒂合路器的第一输入端通过微带线与输出端连接；微带线的相位延迟与相位线的相位延迟相同。采用多赫蒂合路器进行合路能够实现阻抗牵引的效果，通过不断调节输入输出端的阻抗，来实现功率放大的最大化。In another possible implementation, the Doherty combiner includes a first input end, a second input end, an output end and a microstrip line; the first input end of the Doherty combiner is connected to the first power amplifier circuit The RF signal output end of the Doherty combiner is connected to the RF signal output end of the second power amplifier circuit, and the first input end of the Doherty combiner is connected to the output end through a microstrip line; the microstrip The phase delay of the line is the same as the phase delay of the phase line. Using a Doherty combiner for combining can achieve the effect of impedance pulling, and by continuously adjusting the impedance of the input and output ends, the power amplification can be maximized.

第二方面，本申请还提供了一种射频收发装置。射频收发装置包括射频芯片以及功率放大电路，其中功率放大电路为前述第一方面任一种实现方式提供的功率放大电路，射频芯片与前述功率放大电路连接。其中，第二方面所带来的技术效果可参见第一方面中不同实施方式所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。In a second aspect, this application also provides a radio frequency transceiver device. The radio frequency transceiver device includes a radio frequency chip and a power amplification circuit, wherein the power amplification circuit is the power amplification circuit provided by any implementation method of the first aspect, and the radio frequency chip is connected to the aforementioned power amplification circuit. Among them, the technical effects brought by the second aspect can be found in the technical effects brought by different implementations in the first aspect, and will not be described again here.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1所示为无线通信***的结构示意图；Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication system;

图2所示为传统LMBA的结构示意图；Figure 2 shows the structural diagram of a traditional LMBA;

图3所示为本申请实施例提供的一种LMBA的结构示意图；Figure 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an LMBA provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图4所示为本申请实施例提供的LMBA-BSS的结构示意图；Figure 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of the LMBA-BSS provided by the embodiment of the present application;

图5所示为本申请实施例提供的LMBA-BSS结构输出功率与效率曲线示意图；Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the output power and efficiency curve of the LMBA-BSS structure provided by the embodiment of the present application;

图6所示为传统平衡式功放和LMBA功放的效率曲线对比示意图；Figure 6 shows a comparison diagram of the efficiency curves of traditional balanced power amplifiers and LMBA power amplifiers;

图7所示为本申请实施例提供的一种功率放大电路的示意图；Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of a power amplifier circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图8所示为本申请实施例提供的一种多输入功率放大电路示意图；Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of a multi-input power amplifier circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图9所示为本申请实施例提供的不同模式下功放效率曲线示意图；Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of power amplifier efficiency curves in different modes provided by the embodiment of the present application;

图10所示为本申请实施例提供的两个主功放通过多赫蒂合路器的阻抗牵引路径示意图；Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the impedance traction paths of the two main power amplifiers passing through the Doherty combiner provided by the embodiment of the present application;

图11所示为本申请实施例提供的另一种功率放大电路的示意图；Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of another power amplifier circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图12所示为本申请实施例提供的一种多输入功率放大电路示意图；Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of a multi-input power amplifier circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图13所示为本申请实施例提供的多信号输入的功放输出效率曲线示意图；Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of the output efficiency curve of a power amplifier with multiple signal inputs provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图14所示为本申请实施例提供的另一种功率放大电路的示意图；Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of another power amplifier circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图15所示为本申请实施例提供的效率随功率变化曲线示意图；Figure 15 shows a schematic diagram of the efficiency variation curve with power provided by the embodiment of the present application;

图16所示为本申请实施例提供的另一种功率放大电路示意图；Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of another power amplifier circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图17所示为本申请实施例提供的另一种多输入功率放大电路示意图；Figure 17 shows a schematic diagram of another multi-input power amplifier circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

图18所示为本申请实施例提供的另一种多输入功率放大电路示意图。Figure 18 shows a schematic diagram of another multi-input power amplifier circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application.

术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。The terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and shall not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "plurality" means two or more.

在本申请实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application under specific circumstances.

在本申请实施例中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请实施例中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。In the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to represent examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "such as" in the embodiments of the present application is not to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the words "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner.

随着科技的不断进步，从进入二十一世纪以来，无线通信技术得到了长足的发展。无线通信是指多个节点间不经由导体或缆线传播的远距离传输通讯。无线通信通过电磁波来承载信息进行传递，人们根据电磁波频段的自然特性来选择适合的频段进行作业。由于较高频率的电磁波传播穿透损耗过大，所以不适合无线通信；较低频率的电磁波由于波长太长，所以需要非常巨大的天线，也不适合用于无线天线，所以出现了低频段集中大量业务的现象，诸如广播电视，卫星通信，交通，铁路等。由此便出现了频谱资源的稀缺性和对频谱资源高需求之间的矛盾。With the continuous advancement of science and technology, wireless communication technology has made great progress since the beginning of the 21st century. Wireless communication refers to long-distance transmission communication between multiple nodes without propagating through conductors or cables. Wireless communication carries information and transmits it through electromagnetic waves. People choose the appropriate frequency band for operation based on the natural characteristics of the electromagnetic wave frequency band. Because the propagation penetration loss of higher-frequency electromagnetic waves is too large, they are not suitable for wireless communications; because the wavelength of lower-frequency electromagnetic waves is too long, they require very large antennas and are not suitable for wireless antennas, so there is a concentration of low-frequency bands. The phenomenon of a large number of businesses, such as radio and television, satellite communications, transportation, railways, etc. As a result, a contradiction arises between the scarcity of spectrum resources and the high demand for spectrum resources.

为了改善人们对有限频谱资源的高需求问题，现代无线***通常使用具有高峰均功率比(peak-to-average power ratio，PAPR)的调制信号来提高稀缺频谱资源的利用率。In order to improve the problem of high demand for limited spectrum resources, modern wireless systems usually use modulated signals with peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) to improve the utilization of scarce spectrum resources.

如图1所示，无线通信***包括发射设备100和接收设备120。发射设备100包括变换器101、发射机102和发射天线103，变换器101用于接收信号源发出的数据或者信息，信号源发出需要传送的信息，由变换器101将这些要传递的信息变换为相应的电信号，然后由发射机102把这些电信号转化为高频振荡信号，发射天线103再将高频振荡信号转换成电磁波，向空间发射。As shown in FIG. 1 , the wireless communication system includes a transmitting device 100 and a receiving device 120 . The transmitting device 100 includes a converter 101, a transmitter 102 and a transmitting antenna 103. The converter 101 is used to receive data or information sent by a signal source. The signal source sends out information that needs to be transmitted. The converter 101 converts the information to be transmitted into Corresponding electrical signals are then converted into high-frequency oscillation signals by the transmitter 102, and then the high-frequency oscillation signals are converted into electromagnetic waves by the transmitting antenna 103 and transmitted into space.

接收设备120包括变换器123，接收机122和接收天线121。当电磁波到达接收设备时，接收天线121将接收到的电磁波转化为高频振荡信号，接收机122把高频振荡信号转化为原始电信号，再由变换器123还原成原来传递的信息送给受信者。无线通信***的核心设备是发射机102，发射机102中占据功耗最大的也是最核心的部件就是功率放大器，功率放大器也可以被简称为功放。The receiving device 120 includes a converter 123, a receiver 122 and a receiving antenna 121. When the electromagnetic wave reaches the receiving device, the receiving antenna 121 converts the received electromagnetic wave into a high-frequency oscillation signal. The receiver 122 converts the high-frequency oscillation signal into the original electrical signal, and then the converter 123 restores it to the original transmitted information and sends it to the recipient. By. The core device of the wireless communication system is the transmitter 102. The most power-consuming and core component of the transmitter 102 is the power amplifier. The power amplifier may also be referred to as a power amplifier.

单管射频功放器件是在无线通信***中应用较为广泛的一种功率放大器，单管射频功放器件的效率随着输出功率增加而增大，在功率较小时，功放效率下降较快。Single-tube RF power amplifier devices are a type of power amplifier widely used in wireless communication systems. The efficiency of single-tube RF power amplifier devices increases as the output power increases. When the power is small, the efficiency of the power amplifier decreases rapidly.

为了满足无线通信质量所需要的高线性度要求，功率放大器需要经常工作在回退状态下并且具有较高的效率，回退状态是指为确保输出功率操作在线性区域范围内维持线性度，来防止波形被截波失真而处在低于饱和点下的功率放大器工作状态，也即功率放大器工作在低于最大输出功率水平的状态下，另外，在实际中的大部分无线业务场景下，由于用户业务负载不高，功率放大器常常工作在远大于信号峰均比的功率回退状态下，而此时功放的效率并不高，网络的运行功耗还比较大，无法满足无线通信***对功放在更大回退量下的高效率要求。In order to meet the high linearity requirements required for wireless communication quality, the power amplifier needs to often work in the fallback state and have high efficiency. The fallback state refers to ensuring that the output power operation maintains linearity within the linear region. Prevent the waveform from being clipped and distorted and the power amplifier operating below the saturation point, that is, the power amplifier operates below the maximum output power level. In addition, in most wireless business scenarios in practice, due to The user business load is not high, and the power amplifier often works in a power backoff state that is much greater than the signal peak-to-average ratio. At this time, the efficiency of the power amplifier is not high, and the operating power consumption of the network is still relatively large, which cannot meet the requirements of the wireless communication system for the power amplifier. High efficiency requirements under larger backoff.

为了提高功率回退时的功放效率及兼顾宽带设计，出现了如多赫蒂(Doherty)、负载调制平衡式放大器(load modulated balanced amplifier，LMBA)等多种功率放大器结构。In order to improve the power amplifier efficiency during power rollback and take into account broadband design, various power amplifier structures have emerged, such as Doherty and load modulated balanced amplifier (LMBA).

如图2所示为本申请实施例提供的一种LMBA功放结构示意图。LMBA结构的核心在于两个耦合器：输入耦合器和输出耦合器，和在输入耦合器与输出耦合器之间的功率放大器。在输出耦合器的隔离端口210c馈入控制信号，通过调制与输出耦合器平衡端口210b和平衡端口210d连接的两个功放，其中，功放220为主路功放，功放230为辅助功放，这样的结构可实现很宽的带宽下回退效率提升。但是该结构的回退量主要由主路功放决定，要获得大的回退量，主功放的负载调制比非常大，反而限制了大回退下的宽带实现。Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of an LMBA power amplifier provided by an embodiment of the present application. The core of the LMBA structure lies in two couplers: the input coupler and the output coupler, and the power amplifier between the input coupler and the output coupler. The control signal is fed into the isolation port 210c of the output coupler and modulated through the two power amplifiers connected to the balanced port 210b and the balanced port 210d of the output coupler. Among them, the power amplifier 220 is the main power amplifier and the power amplifier 230 is the auxiliary power amplifier. Such a structure It can improve the rollback efficiency under a wide bandwidth. However, the backoff amount of this structure is mainly determined by the main power amplifier. To obtain a large backoff amount, the load modulation ratio of the main power amplifier is very large, which limits the realization of broadband under large backoff.

LMBA采用宽带器件且具有负载调制的功能，自提出以来作为一种新型负载调制功放结构一直受到关注。因此在传统的LMBA功放结构的基础上又出现了很多改良结构。LMBA uses broadband devices and has the function of load modulation. It has been attracting attention as a new type of load modulation power amplifier structure since it was proposed. Therefore, many improved structures have appeared based on the traditional LMBA power amplifier structure.

图3所示为本申请实施例提供的另一种LMBA的结构示意图。如图3所示，LMBA包括：功分器301，第一耦合器303，第二耦合器307，负载电阻302，第一均值放大器304，第二均值管305和峰值放大器306。信号由功分器301的输入端进入，功分器301的第一输出端与第一耦合器303的第二输入端连接，功分器301的第二输出端与峰值放大器306输入端连接；峰值放大器306的输出端与第二耦合器307的第二输出端连接。第一耦合器303的第一输出端通过负载电阻302接地，第一耦合器303的第一输出端与第二耦合器307的第一输入端之间通过均值放大器连接，第一耦合器303的第二输出端与第二耦合器307的第二输入端之间通过均值放大器连接。Figure 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of another LMBA provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, the LMBA includes: a power divider 301, a first coupler 303, a second coupler 307, a load resistor 302, a first averaging amplifier 304, a second averaging tube 305 and a peak amplifier 306. The signal enters from the input end of the power divider 301, the first output end of the power divider 301 is connected to the second input end of the first coupler 303, and the second output end of the power divider 301 is connected to the input end of the peak amplifier 306; The output terminal of the peak amplifier 306 is connected to the second output terminal of the second coupler 307 . The first output terminal of the first coupler 303 is connected to ground through the load resistor 302. The first output terminal of the first coupler 303 and the first input terminal of the second coupler 307 are connected through an averaging amplifier. The second output terminal and the second input terminal of the second coupler 307 are connected through an averaging amplifier.

图3所示的LMBA包含三路功放，分别为两个平衡路功放和一个控制路功放。例如，结合图3，均值放大器304、均值放大器305为两个平衡路功放，峰值放大器306为控制路功放，平衡路功放偏置为AB类，控制路功放则偏置为C类，输入和输出端分别有两个定向耦合器用于功率合成和功率分配，例如图3所示，第一耦合器303用于功率分配，第二耦合器307用于功率合成，两路平衡功放均值放大器304与均值放大器305完全一样，而控制功放用于在回退区对平衡功放的负载进行调制，控制功放的幅度和相位对平衡功放的负载幅度和相位均会产生影响。The LMBA shown in Figure 3 contains three power amplifiers, namely two balanced power amplifiers and one control power amplifier. For example, with reference to Figure 3, the average amplifier 304 and the average amplifier 305 are two balanced circuit power amplifiers, the peak amplifier 306 is a control circuit power amplifier, the balanced circuit power amplifier is biased to class AB, and the control circuit power amplifier is biased to class C. The input and output There are two directional couplers at each end for power synthesis and power distribution. For example, as shown in Figure 3, the first coupler 303 is used for power distribution, the second coupler 307 is used for power synthesis, and the two-way balanced power amplifier, the average amplifier 304 and the average Amplifier 305 is exactly the same, and the control power amplifier is used to modulate the load of the balanced power amplifier in the backoff zone. The amplitude and phase of the control power amplifier will have an impact on the load amplitude and phase of the balanced power amplifier.

对于两路平衡功放来说，由于电桥的两路输出端口存在90°的相位差，通过两个定向耦合器可以实现功率的同相合成，控制功放的功率最终也会输出到负载当中。理论上LMBA的带宽仅会受到定向耦合器的带宽限制，由于定向耦合器的带宽可以做到很宽，因此LMBA有宽带应用的潜力。For a two-way balanced power amplifier, since there is a 90° phase difference between the two output ports of the bridge, the in-phase synthesis of power can be achieved through two directional couplers, and the power of the controlled power amplifier will eventually be output to the load. Theoretically, the bandwidth of the LMBA will only be limited by the bandwidth of the directional coupler. Since the bandwidth of the directional coupler can be very wide, the LMBA has the potential for broadband applications.

两路平衡功放与一路控制功放通过第二耦合器307进行连接和功率合成。其工作时第二耦合器307的端口阻抗作为平衡路放大器的负载阻抗受到控制路功放输出信号的幅度调节和相位控制，最终可以在宽带状态下实现高效率和6dB回退范围的目标，但同样受限于平衡路的负载调制比，在更大回退的状态下效率会降低，无法实现更大回退下的高效率。Two balanced power amplifiers and one control power amplifier are connected and power combined through the second coupler 307 . When it works, the port impedance of the second coupler 307 serves as the load impedance of the balanced circuit amplifier and is subject to amplitude adjustment and phase control of the output signal of the control circuit power amplifier. Finally, the goals of high efficiency and 6dB backoff range can be achieved in a broadband state, but the same Limited by the load modulation ratio of the balanced path, the efficiency will decrease under a larger backoff state, and high efficiency under a larger backoff cannot be achieved.

为了解决因受限于均值管功放负载调制比而无法实现更大回退量下的高效率功放输出，人们又提出了一种LMBA-BSS(load modulated balanced amplifier-balance single-end single-end，LMBA-BSS)结构，如图4所示，LMBA-BSS结构包括：功分器401，负载电阻402，第一耦合器403，第二耦合器408，第一峰值放大器404，第二峰值放大器405，均值放大器406和移相网络407。In order to solve the problem of being unable to achieve high-efficiency power amplifier output under a larger backoff due to the limitation of the load modulation ratio of the averaging tube power amplifier, people have proposed a LMBA-BSS (load modulated balanced amplifier-balance single-end single-end, LMBA-BSS) structure, as shown in Figure 4, the LMBA-BSS structure includes: power divider 401, load resistor 402, first coupler 403, second coupler 408, first peak amplifier 404, second peak amplifier 405 , averaging amplifier 406 and phase shift network 407.

其中，耦合器按从左到右从上到下的顺序四个端口分别第一输入端，第一输出端，第二输入端，第二输出端。功分器401包括输入端401a、第一输出端 401b和第二输出端401c，功分器401的输入端用于接入输入信号，功分器401的第一输出端401b与第一耦合器403的第二输入端连接，功分器401的第二输出端401c通过移相网络407与均值放大器406输入端连接；均值放大器406的输出端与第二耦合器408的第二输出端连接。第一耦合器403的第一输出端通过负载电阻402接地，第一耦合器403的第一输出端与第二耦合器408的第一输入端之间通过峰值放大器连接，第一耦合器403的第二输出端与第二耦合器408的第二输入端之间通过峰值放大器连接。Among them, the coupler has four ports in order from left to right and top to bottom, respectively a first input terminal, a first output terminal, a second input terminal, and a second output terminal. The power splitter 401 includes an input terminal 401a, a first output terminal 401b and a second output terminal 401c. The input terminal of the power splitter 401 is used to receive an input signal. The first output terminal 401b of the power splitter 401 is connected to the first coupler. The second input terminal of 403 is connected, and the second output terminal 401c of the power divider 401 is connected to the input terminal of the averaging amplifier 406 through the phase shift network 407; the output terminal of the averaging amplifier 406 is connected to the second output terminal of the second coupler 408. The first output terminal of the first coupler 403 is connected to the ground through the load resistor 402. The first output terminal of the first coupler 403 and the first input terminal of the second coupler 408 are connected through a peak amplifier. The second output terminal is connected to the second input terminal of the second coupler 408 through a peak amplifier.

通过将均值放大器406作为控制路，通过耦合器的端口作为控制信号来对两峰值管路的阻抗来进行调制，保持高效率的功率放大。By using the averaging amplifier 406 as a control circuit and using the port of the coupler as a control signal to modulate the impedances of the two peak pipes, high-efficiency power amplification is maintained.

正如图4提供的LMBA-BSS所示，信号由功分器401的输入端进入，当功分器401接收到的输入信号是小功率信号时，均值放大器所在控制路开启，而控制功放用于在回退区对平衡功放的负载进行调制，导致峰值放大器所在平衡路的阻抗增大，峰值路由于达不到偏置状态的作业要求处于截止状态。信号通过功分器401的第二输出端经过移相网络407进行相移，接着通过均值放大器406进行功率放大，放大后的信号进入3dB耦合器作为控制信号对3dB耦合器两个输入端进行负载调制；As shown in the LMBA-BSS provided in Figure 4, the signal enters from the input end of the power divider 401. When the input signal received by the power divider 401 is a low-power signal, the control circuit where the average amplifier is located is turned on, and the control power amplifier is used to Modulating the load of the balanced power amplifier in the fallback area causes the impedance of the balanced path where the peak amplifier is located to increase, and the peak path is in a cut-off state because it cannot meet the operating requirements of the bias state. The signal passes through the second output end of the power splitter 401 for phase shifting through the phase shifting network 407, and then passes through the averaging amplifier 406 for power amplification. The amplified signal enters the 3dB coupler as a control signal to load the two input ends of the 3dB coupler. modulation;

当功分器401接收到大功率的输入信号时，第一峰值放大器404、第二峰值放大器405和均值放大器406均达到工作状态，峰值路开启，通过均值放大器所在的控制路来调制峰值路功放。When the power divider 401 receives a high-power input signal, the first peak amplifier 404, the second peak amplifier 405 and the average amplifier 406 all reach the working state, the peak circuit is turned on, and the peak circuit power amplifier is modulated through the control circuit where the average amplifier is located. .

结合双输入设计，只有主路均值放大器一直处于工作状态，不同于图3所示的LMBA结构功放峰值放大器和均值放大器均一直处于工作状态，所以不存在受限制于主路功放的负载调制比。所以可以实现比传统LMBA结构功放更大回退范围内的高效率。Combined with the dual-input design, only the main average amplifier is always working. Unlike the LMBA structure power amplifier shown in Figure 3, both the peak amplifier and the average amplifier are always working, so there is no load modulation ratio limited by the main power amplifier. Therefore, it can achieve high efficiency within a larger fallback range than the traditional LMBA structure power amplifier.

结合图5，图5示出了LMBA-BSS功放结构输出功率与效率曲线图，图中包括连续的三部分：线性直线部分，第一段曲线部分和第二段曲线部分。线性部分的最高点达到78.5％的效率，两段曲线部分则维持在70％-78.5％之间，这两段曲线的横坐标值差代表了LMBA-BSS功放结构的回退范围。如图5所示LMBA-BSS功放结构的回退范围达到了9.5dB。图中第一段曲线部分是所有功率管全状态运作下的效率输出图，图中第二段曲线是只有均值管工作的主路开启，峰值路全部截止情形下的输出效率。LMBA-BSS结构功率放大器在9dB左右的回退范围下能够达到75％左右的效率，但是当回退量大于9dB时，功率放大器效率呈线性大大降低，12dB左右回退范围时功率放大器效率已经低至20％左右。Combined with Figure 5, Figure 5 shows the output power and efficiency curve of the LMBA-BSS power amplifier structure. The graph includes three consecutive parts: the linear straight line part, the first curve part and the second curve part. The highest point of the linear part reaches an efficiency of 78.5%, and the two curve parts remain between 70% and 78.5%. The difference in the abscissa value of the two curves represents the retreat range of the LMBA-BSS power amplifier structure. As shown in Figure 5, the rollback range of the LMBA-BSS power amplifier structure reaches 9.5dB. The first curve in the figure is the efficiency output diagram when all power tubes are operating in full state. The second curve in the figure is the output efficiency when only the main path of the averaging tube is turned on and all peak paths are turned off. The LMBA-BSS structure power amplifier can achieve an efficiency of about 75% in a rollback range of about 9dB. However, when the rollback amount is greater than 9dB, the efficiency of the power amplifier is greatly reduced linearly. When the rollback range is about 12dB, the efficiency of the power amplifier is already low. to about 20%.

如图6所示的传统平衡式功放和LMBA结构的效率曲线对比示意图。其中，黑色曲线为隔离端无控制信号功放的传统平衡式功放。其他环形曲线表示为不同输出功率时，在恒定的控制信号功率激励下，通过控制信号相位360度旋转时(20度步进)，功放效率随总输出功率变化，环形曲线上方的相位值表示最大效率处的控制信号相位偏移。将各环形曲线最大效率处的点用折线连接起来则如图中虚线所示。Figure 6 shows a comparison of the efficiency curves of traditional balanced power amplifiers and LMBA structures. Among them, the black curve is a traditional balanced power amplifier without a control signal power amplifier at the isolation end. Other circular curves represent different output powers. Under constant control signal power excitation, when the control signal phase is rotated 360 degrees (20 degree steps), the power amplifier efficiency changes with the total output power. The phase value above the circular curve represents the maximum Control signal phase shift at efficiency. The points at the maximum efficiency of each circular curve are connected with polylines, as shown by the dotted lines in the figure.

通过虚线和黑色实线的对比不难看出，带有控制信号的LMBA功放要比传统的平衡式功放在相同的回退范围内有了很大的效率提升。如图6所示，环形曲线上30dBm和40.8dBm经过相位旋转的最大效率处的点的横坐标之差达到了9dB，也即表明LMBA相对平衡式功放在宽频段上能够保持较高的效率的最佳回退为9dB左右。但是当回退超过9dB时，如图6所示，LMBA在输出功率为峰值功率回退12dB时，效率已经从最高的78.5％跌落到20％附近。如果输出功率再继续降低，功放的效率会变得更低。但是实际业务中功率放大器经常工作在9dB以上的回退状态，而现有技术对于9dB以上的高回退功率放大处理则显得力不从心，效率会大幅度降低。Through the comparison between the dotted line and the black solid line, it is easy to see that the LMBA power amplifier with control signal has a greater efficiency improvement than the traditional balanced power amplifier within the same fallback range. As shown in Figure 6, the difference between the abscissas of the maximum efficiency points of 30dBm and 40.8dBm after phase rotation on the circular curve reaches 9dB, which means that the LMBA can maintain higher efficiency over a wide frequency band than the balanced amplifier. The optimal backoff is about 9dB. However, when the backoff exceeds 9dB, as shown in Figure 6, when the output power of the LMBA reaches the peak power backoff of 12dB, the efficiency has dropped from the highest 78.5% to around 20%. If the output power continues to decrease, the efficiency of the power amplifier will become even lower. However, in actual business, power amplifiers often work in a backoff state of more than 9dB. However, the existing technology is unable to handle high backoff power amplification of more than 9dB, and the efficiency will be greatly reduced.

所以针对当前无线通信***对更高回退效率、更大带宽的功放产生强烈的需求，如何能同时兼顾功放带宽和大回退下的效率提升，成为需要解决的技术难题。虽然经过人们对LMBA结构的不断改良，保持高效率下的回退范围不断扩大，但是9dB依然不能满足人们对于带宽下大回退状态的效率提升。Therefore, current wireless communication systems have a strong demand for power amplifiers with higher backoff efficiency and larger bandwidth. How to simultaneously take into account the power amplifier bandwidth and efficiency improvement under large backoff has become a technical problem that needs to be solved. Although people have continuously improved the LMBA structure and the rollback range while maintaining high efficiency has been continuously expanded, 9dB still cannot satisfy people's efficiency improvement for large rollback states under bandwidth.

有鉴于此，为了改善上述的技术问题，本申请实施例提供了一种功率放大电路。用以起到在更大回退范围内功率放大器依然能保持高效率的效果。本申请提出一种将两个LMBA-BSS通过Doherty合路器进行合路的功放结构，通过不同功率管偏置状态的不同，来进行不同功率等级下的栅压配置，实现多管混合路输出，从而来保证在不同输入状态下都有高效率的输出，提升回退状态下的工作效率，实现更大的回退设计的同时便于宽带功放设计实现。In view of this, in order to improve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present application provide a power amplifier circuit. This is used to achieve the effect that the power amplifier can still maintain high efficiency within a larger retreat range. This application proposes a power amplifier structure that combines two LMBA-BSS through a Doherty combiner. Through the different bias states of different power tubes, the grid voltage configuration at different power levels is performed to achieve multi-tube hybrid output. , thereby ensuring high-efficiency output under different input states, improving work efficiency in the fallback state, achieving greater fallback design, and facilitating the design and implementation of broadband power amplifiers.

例如，请结合图7，图7示出了本申请实施例提供的功率放大电路，功率放大电路包括：多赫蒂合路器770以及两个功放电路：第一功放电路700与第二功放电路710。第一功放电路700与第二功放电路710与多赫蒂合路器770连接，由多赫蒂合路器770对第一功放电路700与第二功放电路710输出的信号进行功率合成后输出。For example, please refer to Figure 7. Figure 7 shows a power amplification circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. The power amplification circuit includes a Doherty combiner 770 and two power amplifier circuits: a first power amplifier circuit 700 and a second power amplifier circuit. 710. The first power amplifier circuit 700 and the second power amplifier circuit 710 are connected to the Doherty combiner 770. The Doherty combiner 770 performs power synthesis on the signals output by the first power amplifier circuit 700 and the second power amplifier circuit 710 and then outputs the power.

每个功放电路包括两个射频信号输入端，还包括均值放大器、正交分路器、正交合路器、两个峰值放大器以及射频信号输出端。射频信号输入端是功放电路的实际输入；均值放大器与峰值放大器作为功率放大电路的核心对输入进行功率放大；正交分路器与正交合路器在本申请实施例中是3dB耦合器，可以实现功率的分配与整合。Each power amplifier circuit includes two RF signal input terminals, an averaging amplifier, a quadrature splitter, a quadrature combiner, two peak amplifiers and an RF signal output terminal. The radio frequency signal input end is the actual input of the power amplifier circuit; the average amplifier and the peak amplifier serve as the core of the power amplifier circuit to amplify the input power; the orthogonal splitter and the orthogonal combiner are 3dB couplers in the embodiment of this application. Power distribution and integration can be achieved.

其中，第一功放电路700和第二功放电路710的结构相同，下面以第一功放电路700为例对其进行介绍。Among them, the first power amplifier circuit 700 and the second power amplifier circuit 710 have the same structure. The first power amplifier circuit 700 will be introduced below as an example.

例如，第一功放电路700包括第一射频信号输入端701a、第二射频信号输入端701b、第一均值放大器702、第一耦合器703、第二耦合器704、第一峰值放大器705、第二峰值放大器707以及射频信号输出端708。For example, the first power amplifier circuit 700 includes a first radio frequency signal input terminal 701a, a second radio frequency signal input terminal 701b, a first averaging amplifier 702, a first coupler 703, a second coupler 704, a first peak amplifier 705, a second Peak amplifier 707 and RF signal output terminal 708.

其中，耦合器的四个端口按从左到右从上到下的顺序依次为第一输入端a，第一输出端b，第二输入端c，第二输出端d。其中第一耦合器703用作为正交分路器，第二耦合器704用作为正交合路器，第一射频信号输入端701a与第一耦合器703的第二输入端c连接，第一耦合器的703第一输出端b与第一峰值放大器705的输入端连接，第一耦合器703的第二输出端d与第二峰值放大器707的输入端连接，第一耦合器703的第一输入端a通过负载电阻706接地；第二射频信号输入端701b通过移相网络709与第一均值放大器702的输入端连接，第一均值放大器702的输出端与第二耦合器704第二输出端d连接，第一峰值放大器705的输出端与第二耦合器704的第一输入端a连接，第二峰值放大器707的输出端与第二耦合器704的第二输入端c连接，第二耦合器704的第一输出端b与射频信号输出端708连接。Among them, the four ports of the coupler are the first input terminal a, the first output terminal b, the second input terminal c, and the second output terminal d in order from left to right and top to bottom. The first coupler 703 is used as a quadrature splitter, the second coupler 704 is used as a quadrature combiner, the first radio frequency signal input terminal 701a is connected to the second input terminal c of the first coupler 703, and the first The first output terminal b of the coupler 703 is connected to the input terminal of the first peak amplifier 705 , the second output terminal d of the first coupler 703 is connected to the input terminal of the second peak amplifier 707 , and the first output terminal b of the first coupler 703 is connected to the input terminal of the second peak amplifier 707 . The input terminal a is connected to the ground through the load resistor 706; the second radio frequency signal input terminal 701b is connected to the input terminal of the first averaging amplifier 702 through the phase shift network 709, and the output terminal of the first averaging amplifier 702 is connected to the second output terminal of the second coupler 704. d is connected, the output end of the first peak amplifier 705 is connected to the first input end a of the second coupler 704, the output end of the second peak amplifier 707 is connected to the second input end c of the second coupler 704, and the second coupling The first output terminal b of the converter 704 is connected to the radio frequency signal output terminal 708.

其中，第一功放电路700包含控制路功放和两路平衡路功放。如图7所示，第一峰值放大器705、第二峰值放大器707用作为两路平衡路功放，第一均值放大器702用作为控制路功放。第一均值放大器702在存在输入信号的情况下即处于开启状态，而第一峰值放大器705、第二峰值放大器707在输入信号的功率增长至设定的阈值前处于截止状态，在输入信号的功率增长至设定的阈值后才开启。Among them, the first power amplifier circuit 700 includes a control channel power amplifier and two balanced channel power amplifiers. As shown in Figure 7, the first peak amplifier 705 and the second peak amplifier 707 are used as two balanced circuit power amplifiers, and the first average amplifier 702 is used as a control circuit power amplifier. The first average amplifier 702 is in the on state when there is an input signal, while the first peak amplifier 705 and the second peak amplifier 707 are in the off state before the power of the input signal increases to the set threshold. It will be turned on after it reaches the set threshold.

其中，第一峰值放大器705、第二峰值放大器707这两路平衡路功放的偏置状态为C类偏置状态，控制路功放即第一均值放大器702的偏置状态为AB类偏置状态，第一功放电路700的输入和输出端分别有两个定向耦合器用于功率合成和功率分配，例如图7所示，第一耦合器703作为正交分路器用于功率分配，第二耦合器704作为正交合路器用于功率合成，两路平衡路功放即第一峰值放大器705与第二峰值放大器707完全一样，而控制路功放，也即第一均值放大器702用于在回退区对平衡路功放的负载进行调制，控制功放的幅度和相位对平衡功放的负载幅度和相位均会产生影响。当输入信号为小功率信号时，回退范围达到15dB，第一均值放大器702处于开启状态，而峰值放大器由于偏置在C类偏置状态，处于截止状态。当输入信号功率不断增大，通过第一均值放大器702放大过后的信号作为控制信号进入第二耦合器704，第一均值放大器702的阻抗逐渐减小至峰值放大器在6dB回退范围时开始工作。Among them, the bias state of the two balanced circuit power amplifiers, the first peak amplifier 705 and the second peak amplifier 707, is a class C bias state, and the bias state of the control circuit power amplifier, that is, the first average amplifier 702, is a class AB bias state. The input and output ends of the first power amplifier circuit 700 have two directional couplers respectively for power synthesis and power distribution. For example, as shown in Figure 7, the first coupler 703 serves as an orthogonal splitter for power distribution, and the second coupler 704 As a quadrature combiner for power synthesis, the two balanced path power amplifiers, that is, the first peak amplifier 705 and the second peak amplifier 707 are exactly the same, and the control path power amplifier, that is, the first average amplifier 702 is used for balancing in the backoff area. The load of the power amplifier is modulated, and controlling the amplitude and phase of the power amplifier will have an impact on the load amplitude and phase of the balanced power amplifier. When the input signal is a low-power signal, the backoff range reaches 15dB, the first average amplifier 702 is in the on state, and the peak amplifier is in the off state because it is biased in the Class C bias state. When the input signal power continues to increase, the signal amplified by the first averaging amplifier 702 enters the second coupler 704 as a control signal. The impedance of the first averaging amplifier 702 gradually decreases until the peak amplifier starts working in the 6dB backoff range.

第二功放电路710和第一功放电路700的结构相同，包括第一射频信号输入段711a、第二射频信号输入端711b、第二均值放大器712、第三耦合器713、第四耦合器714、第三峰值放大器715、第四峰值放大器717以及射频信号输出端718。The second power amplifier circuit 710 has the same structure as the first power amplifier circuit 700, including a first radio frequency signal input section 711a, a second radio frequency signal input terminal 711b, a second averaging amplifier 712, a third coupler 713, a fourth coupler 714, The third peak amplifier 715, the fourth peak amplifier 717 and the radio frequency signal output terminal 718.

其中，第二射频信号输入端711b与第三耦合器713的第一输入端a连接，第三耦合器的713第一输出端b与第三峰值管715的输入端连接，第三耦合器713的第二输出端d与第二峰值管717的输入端连接，第三耦合器713的第二输入端通过负载电阻716接地；第一射频信号输入端711a通过移相网络719与第二均值放大器712的输入端连接，第二均值放大器712的输出端与第四耦合器714第一输出端b连接，第三峰值放大器715的输出端与第四耦合器714的第一输入端a连接，第四峰值放大器717的输出端与第四耦合器714的第二输入端c连接，第四耦合器714的第二输出端d与射频信号输出端718连接。Among them, the second radio frequency signal input terminal 711b is connected to the first input terminal a of the third coupler 713, the first output terminal b of the third coupler 713 is connected to the input terminal of the third peak tube 715, and the third coupler 713 The second output terminal d is connected to the input terminal of the second peak tube 717, the second input terminal of the third coupler 713 is connected to the ground through the load resistor 716; the first radio frequency signal input terminal 711a is connected to the second averaging amplifier through the phase shift network 719 The input end of 712 is connected, the output end of the second average amplifier 712 is connected to the first output end b of the fourth coupler 714, the output end of the third peak amplifier 715 is connected to the first input end a of the fourth coupler 714, and the The output terminal of the four-peak amplifier 717 is connected to the second input terminal c of the fourth coupler 714 , and the second output terminal d of the fourth coupler 714 is connected to the radio frequency signal output terminal 718 .

第二功放电路701的工作原理与第一功放电路700的原理相同，第二功放电路710也包含了控制路功放和两路平衡路功放。如图7所示，第三峰值放大器715、第四峰值放大器717用作为两路平衡路功放，第二均值放大器712用作为控制路功放。The working principle of the second power amplifier circuit 701 is the same as that of the first power amplifier circuit 700. The second power amplifier circuit 710 also includes a control circuit power amplifier and two balanced circuit power amplifiers. As shown in Figure 7, the third peak amplifier 715 and the fourth peak amplifier 717 are used as two balanced circuit power amplifiers, and the second average amplifier 712 is used as a control circuit power amplifier.

其中，第三峰值放大器715、第四峰值放大器717这两路平衡路功放偏置在C类偏置状态，而第二均值放大器717这一路控制路功放也偏置在C类偏置状态，第二功放电路的输入端和输出端分别有两个定向耦合器用于功率合成和功率分配，例如图7所示，第三耦合器713作为正交分路器用于功率分配，第四耦合器717作为正交合路器用于功率合成，两路平衡功放：第三峰值放大器715与第四峰值放大器717完全一样，控制路功放用于在回退区对平衡路功放的负载进行调制。Among them, the two balanced circuit power amplifiers, the third peak amplifier 715 and the fourth peak amplifier 717, are biased in the Class C bias state, and the control circuit power amplifier of the second average amplifier 717 is also biased in the Class C bias state. There are two directional couplers at the input end and output end of the two-power amplifier circuit respectively for power synthesis and power distribution. For example, as shown in Figure 7, the third coupler 713 serves as an orthogonal splitter for power distribution, and the fourth coupler 717 serves as The quadrature combiner is used for power synthesis, and the two-way balanced power amplifier: the third peak amplifier 715 is exactly the same as the fourth peak amplifier 717, and the control path power amplifier is used to modulate the load of the balanced path power amplifier in the fallback area.

结合图7，本申请提供的实施例还包括第一功分器760、第二功分器720、第三功分器716、1/4波长相位线730与多赫蒂合路器770。In conjunction with FIG. 7 , the embodiment provided by this application also includes a first power splitter 760 , a second power splitter 720 , a third power splitter 716 , a quarter-wavelength phase line 730 and a Doherty combiner 770 .

上述功分器均为一分二功分器，包含三个端口：输入端，第一输出端以及第二输出端。由于多赫蒂合路器的微带线会对信号产生相位变换，所以需要1/4波长相位线对合路中的两路信号实现相位对齐；其中，第一功分器760的输入端760a用于接收输入信号，第一输出端760b连接第二功分器720的输入端720a，第二功分器720的第一输出端720b连接第一功放电路700的第一射频信号输入端701a，第二功分器720的第二输出端720c连接第一功放电路700的第二射频信号输入端701b。第一功分器760的第二输出端760c通过相位线730连接第三功分器740的输入端740a，第三功分器740的第一输出端740b连接第二功放电路710的第一射频信号输入端711a，第三功分器716的第二输出端716c连接第二功放电路710的第二射频信号输入端716b。The above-mentioned power dividers are all one-to-two power dividers and include three ports: an input terminal, a first output terminal and a second output terminal. Since the microstrip line of the Doherty combiner will cause phase transformation of the signal, a 1/4 wavelength phase line is required to achieve phase alignment of the two signals in the combiner; among them, the input terminal 760a of the first power divider 760 For receiving input signals, the first output terminal 760b is connected to the input terminal 720a of the second power splitter 720, and the first output terminal 720b of the second power splitter 720 is connected to the first radio frequency signal input terminal 701a of the first power amplifier circuit 700, The second output terminal 720c of the second power splitter 720 is connected to the second radio frequency signal input terminal 701b of the first power amplifier circuit 700. The second output terminal 760c of the first power divider 760 is connected to the input terminal 740a of the third power divider 740 through the phase line 730, and the first output terminal 740b of the third power divider 740 is connected to the first radio frequency of the second power amplifier circuit 710. The signal input terminal 711a and the second output terminal 716c of the third power divider 716 are connected to the second radio frequency signal input terminal 716b of the second power amplifier circuit 710.

多赫蒂合路器770包括第一输入端771、第二输入端772、输出端773和微带线774，多赫蒂合路器770用于起到功率合成的作用，以滤波多工方式工作，可以实现两路以上信号合成，对各功率管的输出信号进行整合，例如在本申请实施例中，多赫蒂合路器770用于将第一功放电路700和第二功放电路710输出的信号进行整合或合并，其中多赫蒂合路器770的第一输入端771与射频信号输出端708连接，多赫蒂合路器770的第二输入端772与射频信号输出端718连接，多赫蒂合路器770的输出端773通过780负载电阻接地。The Doherty combiner 770 includes a first input terminal 771, a second input terminal 772, an output terminal 773 and a microstrip line 774. The Doherty combiner 770 is used for power synthesis in a filter multiplexing manner. Working, more than two channels of signal synthesis can be realized to integrate the output signals of each power tube. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the Doherty combiner 770 is used to output the first power amplifier circuit 700 and the second power amplifier circuit 710 The signals are integrated or combined, wherein the first input terminal 771 of the Doherty combiner 770 is connected to the radio frequency signal output terminal 708, and the second input terminal 772 of the Doherty combiner 770 is connected to the radio frequency signal output terminal 718, The output terminal 773 of the Doherty combiner 770 is connected to ground through a load resistor 780.

当功率放大电路接收到输入信号时，输入信号通过第一功分器760分为两路，一路进入第一功放电路700，一路进过1/4波长相位线730进入第二功放电路710。在经过两个功放电路的放大后进入多赫蒂合路器770将输出进行合路。When the power amplifier circuit receives an input signal, the input signal is divided into two paths through the first power divider 760 , one path enters the first power amplifier circuit 700 , and the other path passes through the 1/4 wavelength phase line 730 and enters the second power amplifier circuit 710 . After being amplified by the two power amplifier circuits, it enters the Doherty combiner 770 to combine the outputs.

如图9所示，本申请提出的功率放大电路工作在两种模式，三种不同情景下。与多赫蒂工作区间对应的是小功率和中功率的情景，对LMBA-BSS工作区间来说，它与大功率情形下相对应。As shown in Figure 9, the power amplifier circuit proposed in this application works in two modes and three different scenarios. The Doherty working range corresponds to the low-power and medium-power scenarios, and the LMBA-BSS working range corresponds to the high-power scenario.

不同输出功率场景的工作状态如下所示：The working status of different output power scenarios is as follows:

输入信号为小功率信号的情况下，当输入信号的功率较小，例如回退为15dB以上时，仅偏置在AB类的第一均值放大器702工作在高效率状态下，其他功率管未打开，输出功率比满功率回退>15dB，并保持高效率。此时信号的有效通路为经过第一功分器760的第一输出端760b进入第一功放电路700通过移相网络709对相位进行幅值变化，再通过第一均值放大器702进行功率放大，最终进入第二耦合器704的第二输出端d，再由第二耦合器704的第一输出端b输出进入多赫蒂合路器770输出。其余信号由于未达到各功率管的偏置状态而原路返回。在这种工作情况下，功率放大电路在实现效果上与多赫蒂放大器相同。When the input signal is a low-power signal, when the power of the input signal is small, for example, when the backoff is above 15dB, only the first averaging amplifier 702 biased in class AB works in a high-efficiency state, and the other power tubes are not turned on. , the output power retreats >15dB from full power and maintains high efficiency. At this time, the effective path of the signal is to pass through the first output terminal 760b of the first power divider 760, enter the first power amplifier circuit 700, change the phase amplitude through the phase shift network 709, and then perform power amplification through the first averaging amplifier 702. Finally, It enters the second output terminal d of the second coupler 704, and then is output by the first output terminal b of the second coupler 704 and enters the output of the Doherty combiner 770. The remaining signals return to the original path because they have not reached the bias state of each power tube. Under this working condition, the power amplifier circuit achieves the same effect as the Doherty amplifier.

输入信号为中功率信号的情况下，随着输入信号功率的不断增大，例如回退达到15dB左右时，偏置在C类状态的第二功放电路710的第二均值放大器712打开，并与第一均值放大器702一起工作在多赫蒂模式下，直到两个功放同时达到最大功率，此时功放输出功率比满功率回退>9dB，并保持高效率。此时信号的有效路径有两路，一路经由第一功分器760的第一输出端760b进入第一功放电路700通过移相网络709对相位进行幅值变化，再通过第一均值放大器702进行功率放大，最终进入第二耦合器704的第二输出端d，再由第二耦合器704的第一输出端b输出进入多赫蒂合路器770输出。另一路经过第一功分器760的第二输出端760c通过1/4波长相位线730进入第二功放电路710。在第二功放电路710中仅有第二均值放大器712处于运作状态，信号通过移相网络719对相位进行幅值变化，再通过第二均值放大器712进行功率放大，最终进入第四耦合器714的第二输出端d，再由第一输出端b进入多赫蒂合路器770对两路输出功率信号整合输出。When the input signal is a medium power signal, as the input signal power continues to increase, for example, when the backoff reaches about 15dB, the second averaging amplifier 712 of the second power amplifier circuit 710 biased in the Class C state turns on and interacts with The first averaging amplifier 702 works together in the Doherty mode until the two power amplifiers reach maximum power at the same time. At this time, the power amplifier output power is >9dB lower than the full power and maintains high efficiency. At this time, there are two effective paths for the signal. One path passes through the first output terminal 760b of the first power divider 760 and enters the first power amplifier circuit 700 to change the phase amplitude through the phase shifting network 709, and then passes through the first averaging amplifier 702. The power is amplified and finally enters the second output terminal d of the second coupler 704, and then is output from the first output terminal b of the second coupler 704 to the output of the Doherty combiner 770. The other path passes through the second output terminal 760c of the first power divider 760 and enters the second power amplifier circuit 710 through the 1/4 wavelength phase line 730. In the second power amplifier circuit 710, only the second averaging amplifier 712 is in operation. The signal changes the phase amplitude through the phase shifting network 719, then passes through the second averaging amplifier 712 for power amplification, and finally enters the fourth coupler 714. The second output terminal d then enters the Doherty combiner 770 from the first output terminal b to integrate and output the two output power signals.

随着输入功率的进一步增大，例如从9dB回退一直增大到满功率，两个功放电路的四个峰值放大器达到偏置状态，路径开启，并分别与第一均值放大器702和第二均值放大器717形成LMBA-BSS工作模式，直到两个均值放大器和四个峰值放大器都达到最大功率输出，此时功率放大电路的输出功率达到最大功率，并保持高效率。As the input power further increases, for example, from 9dB backoff to full power, the four peak amplifiers of the two power amplifier circuits reach the bias state, the paths are opened, and are connected to the first average amplifier 702 and the second average amplifier respectively. The amplifier 717 forms the LMBA-BSS working mode until the two average amplifiers and the four peak amplifiers reach the maximum power output. At this time, the output power of the power amplifier circuit reaches the maximum power and maintains high efficiency.

如图10所示，史密斯圆中的两条曲线分别代表第一均值放大器702和第二均值放大器717通过多赫蒂合路器770的阻抗牵引路径。史密斯圆图是为了做阻抗匹配的，图上的每个点都代表一个复数形式的阻抗值，其圆心叫做匹配点，代表了理想阻抗。图中的两条曲线规划了第一均值管和第二均值管从阻抗点走到匹配点的线路。可以看出第一均值放大器702和第二均值放大器717的阻抗会随着功率的不断增大而减小，最终当第一均值放大器702和第二均值放大器717达到满功率放大状态时，阻抗趋于一个相同的稳定值。As shown in FIG. 10 , the two curves in the Smith circle respectively represent the impedance pulling paths of the first averaging amplifier 702 and the second averaging amplifier 717 through the Doherty combiner 770 . The Smith chart is for impedance matching. Each point on the chart represents a complex impedance value. The center of the circle is called the matching point, which represents the ideal impedance. The two curves in the figure plan the route of the first averaging tube and the second averaging tube from the impedance point to the matching point. It can be seen that the impedance of the first averaging amplifier 702 and the second averaging amplifier 717 will decrease as the power continues to increase. Finally, when the first averaging amplifier 702 and the second averaging amplifier 717 reach the full power amplification state, the impedance tends to at the same stable value.

本申请提出的功率放大电路采用多功放混合合路结构通过对多个相同的LMBA-BSS结构的不同功放的多赫蒂合路运用，实现了回退效率的进一步提升，能够在15dB的回退范围内保持一个高的效率，进一步满足了现实无线通信业务的需求。因为LMBA-BSS结构的主路无负载牵引的特点可以实现宽带设计。对于各功率管的偏置状态进行设置，在峰值路开启前，两个主路均值放大器进行多赫蒂形式的负载牵引，可以额外获得6dB高回退范围，显著地提升了小功率下的效率，同时由于对称多赫蒂主路负载牵引比较小，可满足宽带设计，采用对称反多赫蒂设计可以进一步拓展带宽。The power amplifier circuit proposed in this application adopts a multi-power amplifier hybrid combining structure and uses Doherty combining of multiple different power amplifiers of the same LMBA-BSS structure to further improve the back-off efficiency and can achieve a 15dB back-off. Maintaining a high efficiency within the range further meets the needs of actual wireless communication services. Because the main road of the LMBA-BSS structure has no load traction characteristics, wideband design can be realized. By setting the bias state of each power tube, before the peak path is turned on, the two main path average amplifiers perform Doherty-type load pull, which can obtain an additional 6dB high backoff range, significantly improving the efficiency under low power. , and at the same time, because the symmetrical Doherty main road load traction ratio is small, it can meet the broadband design, and the use of symmetrical anti-Doherty design can further expand the bandwidth.

需要说明的是本申请实施例中的耦合器均为3dB电桥。电桥结构具有结构简单、性能稳定、带宽较宽的优势，适合作为该放大器的核心功率合成器件。多赫蒂合路器是一个无源合路网络，当不止一路信号处于通路状态下需要合路时，需要进行相位对齐。在作用上相当于一个1/4波长相位线。It should be noted that the couplers in the embodiments of this application are all 3dB bridges. The bridge structure has the advantages of simple structure, stable performance, and wide bandwidth, and is suitable as the core power synthesis device of the amplifier. The Doherty combiner is a passive combining network. When more than one signal needs to be combined in a path state, phase alignment is required. Functionally equivalent to a 1/4 wavelength phase line.

上述示例中，功率放大电路对一路输入信号进行放大，一路输入信号由第一功分器760分为两路后，再由第二功分器720将第一功分器760输出的其中一路信号分为两路传输至第一功放电路700作为控制信号和输入信号进行放大，第三功分器740将第一功分器760输出的另一路信号分为两路传输至第二功放电路710作为控制信号和输入信号进行放大，在另一种可能的实现方式中，对于多信号输入的功率放大情况，本申请实施例提供了另一种功率放大电路。具体实现方式如图11所示。当有两路输入信号时，可以将其中一路输入信号作为控制信号实现对功放电路进行幅度调节和相位控制。In the above example, the power amplifier circuit amplifies one input signal. After the first input signal is divided into two channels by the first power divider 760, the second power divider 720 divides one of the signals output by the first power divider 760 into two channels. The signal is divided into two channels and transmitted to the first power amplifier circuit 700 as a control signal and an input signal for amplification. The third power divider 740 divides the other signal output by the first power divider 760 into two channels and transmits it to the second power amplifier circuit 710 as a control signal and an input signal. The control signal and the input signal are amplified. In another possible implementation, for power amplification of multiple signal inputs, embodiments of the present application provide another power amplification circuit. The specific implementation is shown in Figure 11. When there are two input signals, one of the input signals can be used as a control signal to achieve amplitude adjustment and phase control of the power amplifier circuit.

请参阅图11，本申请实施例提供的功率放大电路同样包括：多赫蒂合路器770以及两个功放电路：第一功放电路700与第二功放电路710，这一部分的结构与前述图7所示的示例相同，第一功放电路700与第二功放电路710与多赫蒂合路器770连接，由多赫蒂合路器770对第一功放电路700与第二功放电路710输出的信号进行功率合成后输出。上述结构已经在对前述的图7所示的示例中详细介绍，在此不在重复说明。Please refer to Figure 11. The power amplifier circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application also includes: a Doherty combiner 770 and two power amplifier circuits: a first power amplifier circuit 700 and a second power amplifier circuit 710. The structure of this part is the same as that of the aforementioned Figure 7 The example shown is the same, the first power amplifier circuit 700 and the second power amplifier circuit 710 are connected to the Doherty combiner 770, and the signals output by the Doherty combiner 770 to the first power amplifier circuit 700 and the second power amplifier circuit 710 are Output after power synthesis. The above structure has been described in detail in the foregoing example shown in FIG. 7 and will not be repeated here.

与上述示例的不同之处在于，本申请实施例提供的功率放大电路包括第一输入信号端与第二输入信号端，以及第一功分器760，第二功分器720、两个λ/4波长相位线730、731和多赫蒂合路器770。The difference from the above example is that the power amplifier circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a first input signal terminal and a second input signal terminal, as well as a first power divider 760, a second power divider 720, two λ/ 4

wavelength phase lines

730, 731 and Doherty combiner 770.

其中第一输入信号端用于接入第一输入信号，第一输入信号作为控制信号，第二输入信号端用于第二输入信号，第二输入信号作为待放大的信号，其中，第一功分器760的输入端760a与第一输入信号端连接，第一功分器760的第一输出端760b与第一功放电路700的第一射频信号701a连接，第一功分器760的第二输出端760c通过其中一个λ/4相位线730与第二功放电路710的第一射频信号输入端711a连接；第二功分器720的输入端720a连接第二输入信号端，第二功分器720的第一输出端720b与第一功放电路700的第二射频信号输入端701b连接，第二功分器720的第二输出端720c通过另一个λ/4相位线731与第二功放电路710的第二射频信号输入端711b连接。射频信号输出端708与多赫蒂合路器770的第一输入端771连接，第二射频信号的输出端718与多赫蒂合路器770的第二输入端772连接，多赫蒂合路器770的输出端773通过负载电阻780接地。The first input signal terminal is used to access the first input signal, the first input signal is used as the control signal, the second input signal terminal is used for the second input signal, and the second input signal is used as the signal to be amplified, wherein the first function The input terminal 760a of the splitter 760 is connected to the first input signal terminal, the first output terminal 760b of the first power splitter 760 is connected to the first radio frequency signal 701a of the first power amplifier circuit 700, and the second terminal of the first power splitter 760 The output terminal 760c is connected to the first radio frequency signal input terminal 711a of the second power amplifier circuit 710 through one of the λ/4 phase lines 730; the input terminal 720a of the second power splitter 720 is connected to the second input signal terminal, and the second power splitter The first output terminal 720b of the second power splitter 720 is connected to the second radio frequency signal input terminal 701b of the first power amplifier circuit 700, and the second output terminal 720c of the second power splitter 720 is connected to the second power amplifier circuit 710 through another λ/4 phase line 731. The second radio frequency signal input terminal 711b is connected. The radio frequency signal output terminal 708 is connected to the first input terminal 771 of the Doherty combiner 770, and the second radio frequency signal output terminal 718 is connected to the second input terminal 772 of the Doherty combiner 770. The Doherty combiner The output terminal 773 of the converter 770 is connected to ground through the load resistor 780.

在本申请实施例中，第一输入信号作为控制信号。第一输入信号经过第一功分器760的功率均分后一路输出信号作为第一功放电路700控制信号输入，通过移相网络709后进入第一均值放大器702进行放大，放大后的信号进入第二耦合器的第二输出端d，作为控制信号对第一功放电路700的第二耦合器704的输入端的阻抗进行调制。In this embodiment of the present application, the first input signal is used as a control signal. After the first input signal is power-equalized by the first power divider 760, an output signal is used as the control signal input of the first power amplifier circuit 700. After passing through the phase-shifting network 709, it enters the first averaging amplifier 702 for amplification. The amplified signal enters the first averaging amplifier 702 for amplification. The second output terminal d of the second coupler serves as a control signal to modulate the impedance of the input terminal of the second coupler 704 of the first power amplifier circuit 700.

另一路输出信号经过一段λ/4相位线730后作为第二功放电路710控制信号输入，通过移相网络719后进入第二均值放大器712进行放大，放大后的信号进入第四耦合器714的第一输出端b，作为控制信号对第二功放电路710的第四耦合器714的输入端的阻抗进行调制。The other output signal passes through a section of λ/4 phase line 730 and is input as a control signal of the second power amplifier circuit 710. After passing through the phase shift network 719, it enters the second averaging amplifier 712 for amplification. The amplified signal enters the third terminal of the fourth coupler 714. An output terminal b serves as a control signal to modulate the impedance of the input terminal of the fourth coupler 714 of the second power amplifier circuit 710.

第二输入信号经过第二功分器720功率均分后一路输出信号作为第一功放电路700的第一耦合器703的输入，通过第一耦合器703的功率分配分别进入第一峰值放大器705和第二峰值放大器707进行放大输出。经过第一峰值放大器705和第二峰值放大器707放大后的信号通过第二耦合器704合路后输出。另一路输出信号经过一段λ/4相位线731后，作为第二功放电路710的第三耦合器713的输入，分别进入第三峰值放大器715和第四峰值放大器717进行放大输出。经过第三峰值放大器715和第四峰值放大器717放大后的信号通过第四耦合器714合路后输出。第一功放电路700输出的信号和第二功放电路输出的信号经过一个多赫蒂合路器770进行多赫蒂合路后输出。After the second input signal is power-balanced by the second power divider 720, an output signal is used as the input of the first coupler 703 of the first power amplifier circuit 700. The power distributed through the first coupler 703 enters the first peak amplifier 705 and the first peak amplifier 705 respectively. The second peak amplifier 707 performs amplification and output. The signals amplified by the first peak amplifier 705 and the second peak amplifier 707 are combined through the second coupler 704 and then output. After the other output signal passes through a section of λ/4 phase line 731, it serves as the input of the third coupler 713 of the second power amplifier circuit 710, and enters the third peak amplifier 715 and the fourth peak amplifier 717 respectively for amplification and output. The signals amplified by the third peak amplifier 715 and the fourth peak amplifier 717 are combined through the fourth coupler 714 and then output. The signal output by the first power amplifier circuit 700 and the signal output by the second power amplifier circuit are Doherty combined through a Doherty combiner 770 and then output.

本申请提供的多输入信号的功放结构同样工作在3个场景下。如图13所示，可以看出在小功率，中功率，大功率场景下功率放大器均处于高效率状态。The multi-input signal power amplifier structure provided by this application also works in three scenarios. As shown in Figure 13, it can be seen that the power amplifier is in a high-efficiency state in low-power, medium-power, and high-power scenarios.

小功率场景，当输入信号较小，仅第一均值放大器702功放工作在高效率状态下，其他功率管未打开，输出功率比满功率回退>15dB，并保持高效率。此时信号的有效通路为经过第一功分器760的第一输出端760b进入第一功放电路700通过移相网络709对相位进行幅值变化，再通过第一均值放大器702进行功率放大，最终进入第二耦合器704的第二输出端d，再由第一输出端b进入多赫蒂合路器770。其余信号由于未达到各功率管的偏置状态而原路返回。In a low-power scenario, when the input signal is small, only the first averaging amplifier 702 works in a high-efficiency state, and other power tubes are not turned on. The output power is >15dB lower than the full power, and high efficiency is maintained. At this time, the effective path of the signal is to pass through the first output terminal 760b of the first power divider 760, enter the first power amplifier circuit 700, change the phase amplitude through the phase shift network 709, and then perform power amplification through the first averaging amplifier 702. Finally, It enters the second output terminal d of the second coupler 704, and then enters the Doherty combiner 770 through the first output terminal b. The remaining signals return to the original path because they have not reached the bias state of each power tube.

中功率场景，随着输入功率的不断增大，第二功放电路710的第二均值放大器712打开，并与第一均值放大器702一起工作在多赫蒂模式下，直到两个功放同时达到最大功率，此时功放输出功率比满功率回退>9dB，并保持高效率。此时信号的有效路径有两路，一路经由第一功分器760的第一输出端760b进入第一功放电路700通过移相网络709对相位进行幅值变化，再通过第一均值放大器702进行功率放大，最终进入第二耦合器704的第二输出端d，再由第一输出端b进入多赫蒂合路器770输出。另一路经过第一功分器760的第二输出端760c通过1/4波长相位线731进入第二功放电路710。在第二功放电路710中仅有第二均值放大器712处于运作状态，信号通过移相网络719对相位进行幅值变化，再通过第二均值管712进行功率放大，最终进入第四耦合器714的第一输出端b，再由第二输出端d进入多赫蒂合路器770对两路输出功率信号整合输出。In the medium power scenario, as the input power continues to increase, the second averaging amplifier 712 of the second power amplifier circuit 710 is turned on and works together with the first averaging amplifier 702 in the Doherty mode until the two power amplifiers reach the maximum power at the same time. , at this time, the output power of the power amplifier is >9dB lower than the full power and maintains high efficiency. At this time, there are two effective paths for the signal. One path passes through the first output terminal 760b of the first power divider 760 and enters the first power amplifier circuit 700 to change the phase amplitude through the phase shifting network 709, and then passes through the first averaging amplifier 702. The power is amplified and finally enters the second output terminal d of the second coupler 704, and then enters the Doherty combiner 770 for output from the first output terminal b. The other path passes through the second output terminal 760c of the first power divider 760 and enters the second power amplifier circuit 710 through the 1/4 wavelength phase line 731. In the second power amplifier circuit 710, only the second averaging amplifier 712 is in operation. The signal changes the phase amplitude through the phase shifting network 719, then passes through the second averaging tube 712 for power amplification, and finally enters the fourth coupler 714. The first output terminal b and then the second output terminal d enter the Doherty combiner 770 to integrate and output the two output power signals.

随着输入功率的进一步增大，两个LMBA-BSS电路的四个峰值功放达到偏置状态，路径开启，并分别与第一均值放大器702和第二均值放大器712形成LMBA-BSS工作模式，直到两个均值放大器和四个峰值放大器都达到最大功率输出，此时功放输出功率达到最大功率，并保持高效率。As the input power further increases, the four peak power amplifiers of the two LMBA-BSS circuits reach the bias state, the paths are opened, and form the LMBA-BSS working mode with the first average amplifier 702 and the second average amplifier 712 respectively until The two average amplifiers and the four peak amplifiers all reach maximum power output. At this time, the power amplifier output power reaches the maximum power and maintains high efficiency.

如图12所示，在功率放大电路包括两个输入信号端的情况下，还可以是其中一路输入信号由第一功分器760功率分配后传输至第一功放电路700的第一射频信号输入端701a和第二射频信号输入端701b，另一路输入信号由第二功分器720功率分配后传输至第二功放电路710的第一射频信号输入端711a和第二射频信号输入端711b。As shown in Figure 12, in the case where the power amplifier circuit includes two input signal terminals, one of the input signals may be power distributed by the first power divider 760 and then transmitted to the first radio frequency signal input terminal of the first power amplifier circuit 700. 701a and the second radio frequency signal input terminal 701b, the other input signal is divided by the second power divider 720 and then transmitted to the first radio frequency signal input terminal 711a and the second radio frequency signal input terminal 711b of the second power amplifier circuit 710.

图7和图8和图11提供的功率放大电路均包括两个功放电路，二者的区别在于功率放大电路的输入信号不同，其中，图7示出的功率放大电路中，第一功分器760用于连接输入信号，通过第一功分器760、第二功分器720和第三功分器740对信号进行功率分配后分别传输至第一功放电路700和第二功放电路710，但对于功率放大电路而言，实质上仅有一路输入信号。The power amplifier circuits provided in Figures 7, 8 and 11 all include two power amplifier circuits. The difference between the two is that the input signals of the power amplifier circuits are different. In the power amplifier circuit shown in Figure 7, the first power divider 760 is used to connect the input signal, distribute the power of the signal through the first power divider 760, the second power divider 720 and the third power divider 740 and then transmit it to the first power amplifier circuit 700 and the second power amplifier circuit 710 respectively, but For the power amplifier circuit, there is essentially only one input signal.

而图8和图11示出的功率放大电路包括第一功分器760和第二功分器720，其中第一功分器760的输入端760a和第二功分器720的输入端720a分别用于接入一路输入信号，然后再通过第一功分器760和第二功分器720对两路输入信号功率分配后传输至第一功放电路700和第二功放电路710，输入信号的数量增多，带来了更多的变量，可以有更大的自由度，能够实现更大的带宽。The power amplifier circuit shown in Figures 8 and 11 includes a first power divider 760 and a second power divider 720, wherein the input terminal 760a of the first power divider 760 and the input terminal 720a of the second power divider 720 are respectively Used to receive one input signal, and then distribute the power of the two input signals through the first power divider 760 and the second power divider 720 before transmitting to the first power amplifier circuit 700 and the second power amplifier circuit 710. The number of input signals The increase brings more variables, greater freedom, and greater bandwidth.

当然，为了能够实现更大的带宽，还可以接入更多路的输入信号，例如，如图12所示，本申请实施例提供的另一种功率放大电路，可以将第一功放电路700的第一射频信号输入端701a、第一功放电路700的第二射频信号输入端701b以及第二功放电路710的第一射频信号输入端711a、第二功放电路710的第二射频信号输入端711b作为功率放大电路的输入信号端，用于接入4路输入信号，这样可以进一步提高功率放大电路的带宽。Of course, in order to achieve a larger bandwidth, more channels of input signals can also be accessed. For example, as shown in Figure 12, another power amplifier circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application can convert the first power amplifier circuit 700 into The first radio frequency signal input terminal 701a, the second radio frequency signal input terminal 701b of the first power amplifier circuit 700, the first radio frequency signal input terminal 711a of the second power amplifier circuit 710, and the second radio frequency signal input terminal 711b of the second power amplifier circuit 710 serve as The input signal end of the power amplifier circuit is used to access 4 input signals, which can further increase the bandwidth of the power amplifier circuit.

在本申请的上述实施例中，由两个LMBA-BSS功放电路以两路多赫蒂的方式进行合路，在一些实施例当中，也可以是多个功放电路以并联的方式按多路多赫蒂的方式进行合路，例如图14所示的，由3个功放电路进行合路。每多一个功放电路都需要在新的功放电路的射频信号输入端前多串联一个λ/4相位线来保证相位的对齐，在例如三个功放电路的情况下，需要在第三功放电路的两个射频信号输入端分别串联两个λ/4相位线。对于n个功放电路并联的功率放大电路，需要在第n个功放电路的射频信号输入端分别串联n-1个λ/4相位线，在功放电路的输出端需要n-1个多赫蒂合路器进行合路。In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, two LMBA-BSS power amplifier circuits are combined in a two-way Doherty manner. In some embodiments, multiple power amplifier circuits can also be connected in parallel in a multi-way multi-channel manner. The combination is performed in the Hetty way, for example, as shown in Figure 14, three power amplifier circuits are combined. Each additional power amplifier circuit needs to be connected in series with an additional λ/4 phase line in front of the RF signal input end of the new power amplifier circuit to ensure phase alignment. In the case of three power amplifier circuits, for example, two power amplifier circuits need to be connected in series. Each radio frequency signal input terminal is connected in series with two λ/4 phase lines. For a power amplifier circuit with n power amplifier circuits connected in parallel, n-1 λ/4 phase lines need to be connected in series at the RF signal input end of the n-th power amplifier circuit, and n-1 Doherty junctions need to be connected at the output end of the power amplifier circuit. The circuit breaker performs the circuit merging.

例如图14示出的功率放大电路中，包括第一功放电路810、第二功放电路820与第三功放电路830，其中第二功放电路820的射频信号输入端前设置第一λ/4相位线865，第三功放电路830的射频信号输入端设置第二λ/4相位线866和第三λ/4相位线867，第一功放电路810与第二功放电路820通过第一多赫蒂合路器840进行功率合并，第一多赫蒂合路器840输出的信号与第三功放电路830输出的信号通过第二多赫蒂合路器850进行功率合并。For example, the power amplifier circuit shown in FIG. 14 includes a first power amplifier circuit 810, a second power amplifier circuit 820 and a third power amplifier circuit 830, in which a first λ/4 phase line is provided in front of the radio frequency signal input end of the second power amplifier circuit 820. 865. The radio frequency signal input end of the third power amplifier circuit 830 is provided with a second λ/4 phase line 866 and a third λ/4 phase line 867. The first power amplifier circuit 810 and the second power amplifier circuit 820 are combined through the first Doherty The signal output by the first Doherty combiner 840 and the signal output by the third power amplifier circuit 830 are combined by the second Doherty combiner 850 .

功率放大电路还包括第一功分器861、第二功分器862、第三功分器863以及第四功分器864。The power amplifier circuit also includes a first power divider 861, a second power divider 862, a third power divider 863 and a fourth power divider 864.

第一功分器861是一分三的功分器，包括输入端861a，第一输出端861b，第二输出端861c和第三输出端861d。第二功分器816，第三功分器826，第三功分器836均为一分为二功分器，包括输入端，第一输出端与第二输出端。The first power divider 861 is a one-to-three power divider, including an input terminal 861a, a first output terminal 861b, a second output terminal 861c and a third output terminal 861d. The second power divider 816, the third power divider 826, and the third power divider 836 are all divided into two power dividers, including an input end, a first output end, and a second output end.

其中，第一功分器861用于将输入信号分为三路信号，每一路信号分别进入一个功放电路。Among them, the first power divider 861 is used to divide the input signal into three signals, and each signal enters a power amplifier circuit respectively.

例如第一功分器861的第一输出端861b与第二功分器862的输入端862a连接，第二功分器862的第一输出端862b与第一功放电路810的第一射频信号输入端811a连接，第二功分器862的第二输出端862c与第一功放电路810的第二射频信号输入端811b连接。第二功分器862用于将第一功分器861的第一输出端861b输出的这一路信号再分为两路信号，分别传输至第一功放电路810的控制路功放和平衡路功放，由第一功放电路810对这一路信号进行放大。For example, the first output terminal 861b of the first power divider 861 is connected to the input terminal 862a of the second power divider 862, and the first output terminal 862b of the second power divider 862 is connected to the first radio frequency signal input of the first power amplifier circuit 810. The terminal 811a is connected, and the second output terminal 862c of the second power divider 862 is connected to the second radio frequency signal input terminal 811b of the first power amplifier circuit 810 . The second power divider 862 is used to further divide the signal output by the first output terminal 861b of the first power divider 861 into two signals, and transmit them to the control path power amplifier and the balance path power amplifier of the first power amplifier circuit 810 respectively. The first power amplifier circuit 810 amplifies this signal.

第一功分器861的第二输出端861c通过第一λ/4相位线865连接第三功分器863的输入端863a。第三功分器863的第一输出端863b与第二功放电路820的第一射频信号输入端821a连接，第三功分器863的第二输出端863c与第二功放电路820的第二射频信号输入端821b连接，第三功分器863用于将第一功分器861的第二输出端861c输出的这一路信号再分为两路信号，分别传输至第二功放电路820的控制路功放和平衡路功放，由第二功放电路820对这一路信号进行放大。The second output terminal 861c of the first power divider 861 is connected to the input terminal 863a of the third power divider 863 through the first λ/4 phase line 865. The first output terminal 863b of the third power divider 863 is connected to the first radio frequency signal input terminal 821a of the second power amplifier circuit 820, and the second output terminal 863c of the third power divider 863 is connected to the second radio frequency signal input terminal 821a of the second power amplifier circuit 820. The signal input terminal 821b is connected, and the third power divider 863 is used to further divide the signal output by the second output terminal 861c of the first power divider 861 into two signals, and transmit them to the control circuit of the second power amplifier circuit 820 respectively. The second power amplifier circuit 820 amplifies the signal of this channel.

第一功分器800的第三输出端依次通过第二λ/4相位线866、第三λ/4相位线867与第四功分器864的输入端864a连接。第四功分器864的第一输出端864b连接第三功放电路830的第一射频信号输入端831a，第四功分器864的第二输出端864c连接第三功放电路830的第二射频信号输入端831b。第四功分器863用于将第一功分器861的第三输出端861d输出的这一路信号再分为两路信号，分别传输至第三功放电路830的控制路功放和平衡路功放，由第三功放电路830对这一路信号进行放大。The third output terminal of the first power divider 800 is connected to the input terminal 864a of the fourth power divider 864 through the second λ/4 phase line 866 and the third λ/4 phase line 867 in sequence. The first output terminal 864b of the fourth power divider 864 is connected to the first radio frequency signal input terminal 831a of the third power amplifier circuit 830, and the second output terminal 864c of the fourth power divider 864 is connected to the second radio frequency signal of the third power amplifier circuit 830. Input 831b. The fourth power divider 863 is used to further divide the signal output by the third output terminal 861d of the first power divider 861 into two signals, and transmit them to the control path power amplifier and the balance path power amplifier of the third power amplifier circuit 830 respectively. The third power amplifier circuit 830 amplifies this signal.

第一功放电路810的射频信号输出端817与第一多赫蒂合路器840的第一输入端841连接，第二功放电路820的射频信号输出端827与第一多赫蒂合路器840的第二输入端842连接，第一多赫蒂合路器840用于对第一功放电路810、第二功放电路820放大后的信号进行功率合成，第一多赫蒂合路器840的输出端843与第二多赫蒂合路器850的第一输入端851连接，第二多赫蒂合路器850的第二输入端852与第三功放电路830的射频信号输出端连接，第二多赫蒂合路器850用于对第一功放电路810、第二功放电路820功率合成后的信号再与第三功放电路830放大后的信号进行合并输出，其中第二多赫蒂合路器850的输出端853还通过负载电阻880接地。The radio frequency signal output terminal 817 of the first power amplifier circuit 810 is connected to the first input terminal 841 of the first Doherty combiner 840 , and the radio frequency signal output terminal 827 of the second power amplifier circuit 820 is connected to the first Doherty combiner 840 The second input terminal 842 is connected to the first Doherty combiner 840 for power synthesis of the amplified signals of the first power amplifier circuit 810 and the second power amplifier circuit 820. Terminal 843 is connected to the first input terminal 851 of the second Doherty combiner 850, and the second input terminal 852 of the second Doherty combiner 850 is connected to the radio frequency signal output terminal of the third power amplifier circuit 830. The second The Doherty combiner 850 is used to combine and output the power-synthesized signal of the first power amplifier circuit 810 and the second power amplifier circuit 820 with the amplified signal of the third power amplifier circuit 830, where the second Doherty combiner The output 853 of 850 is also connected to ground via load resistor 880 .

三个功放电路的功率放大电路的工作原理与图7示出的两个功放电路的功率放大电路的工作原理相同，在此不再赘述。通过连接更多的功放电路可以实现更大回退范围的高效率功率放大。The working principle of the power amplifier circuit of the three power amplifier circuits is the same as the working principle of the power amplifier circuit of the two power amplifier circuits shown in FIG. 7 , and will not be described again here. By connecting more power amplifier circuits, high-efficiency power amplification with a larger backoff range can be achieved.

本申请实施例的效率随功率变化曲线如图15所示，虚线所表示的是功率放大点路的增益曲线，实线所表示的是效率曲线。如图15所示，实线的输出功率从44dBm到59dBm之间，依然保持了60％以上的效率，实现了大回退范围下的高效率。虚线则表示了本申请实施例提供的功率放大电路随功率变化的压缩特性。The efficiency versus power variation curve of the embodiment of the present application is shown in Figure 15. The dotted line represents the gain curve of the power amplification point, and the solid line represents the efficiency curve. As shown in Figure 15, the output power of the solid line ranges from 44dBm to 59dBm, and still maintains an efficiency of more than 60%, achieving high efficiency under a large rollback range. The dotted line represents the compression characteristics of the power amplifier circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application as the power changes.

上述示例中，功率放大电路包括一个输入信号端，通过第一功分器861将输入信号分为三路，再分别由第二功分器862、第三功分器863和第四功分器864将信号分配后传输至第一功放电路810、第二功放电路820和第三功放电路830。In the above example, the power amplifier circuit includes an input signal terminal, and the input signal is divided into three paths through the first power divider 861, and then the second power divider 862, the third power divider 863 and the fourth power divider respectively 864 distributes the signal and transmits it to the first power amplifier circuit 810, the second power amplifier circuit 820 and the third power amplifier circuit 830.

本申请实施例还提供了双输入多功放电路的结构，如图16所示。功率放大电路包括第一输入信号端和第二输入信号端，第一输入信号端连接第一功分器 861的输入端861a，第一功分器861的第一输出端861b连接第一功放电路810的第二射频信号输入端811b；第一功分器861的第二输出端861c通过λ/4相位线863连接第二功放电路820的第一射频信号输入端821a；第一功分器861的第三输出端861d依次通过λ/4相位线864、λ/4相位线865连接第三功放电路830的第一射频信号输入端831a。The embodiment of the present application also provides the structure of a dual-input multi-power amplifier circuit, as shown in Figure 16. The power amplifier circuit includes a first input signal terminal and a second input signal terminal. The first input signal terminal is connected to the input terminal 861a of the first power divider 861. The first output terminal 861b of the first power divider 861 is connected to the first power amplifier circuit. The second radio frequency signal input terminal 811b of 810; the second output terminal 861c of the first power divider 861 is connected to the first radio frequency signal input terminal 821a of the second power amplifier circuit 820 through the λ/4 phase line 863; the first power divider 861 The third output terminal 861d is connected to the first radio frequency signal input terminal 831a of the third power amplifier circuit 830 through the λ/4 phase line 864 and the λ/4 phase line 865 in sequence.

第二输入信号端连接第二功分器862的输入端862a，第二功分器862的第一输出端862b连接第一功放电路810的第一射频信号输入端811a；The second input signal terminal is connected to the input terminal 862a of the second power divider 862, and the first output terminal 862b of the second power divider 862 is connected to the first radio frequency signal input terminal 811a of the first power amplifier circuit 810;

第二功分器862的第二输出端862c通过λ/4相位线866连接第二功放电路820的第二射频信号输入端821b；第二功分器862的第三输出端862d通过λ/4相位线867、λ/4相位线868连接第三功放电路830的第二射频信号输入端831b；三个功放电路的功率放大电路的工作原理与前述实施例中提供的两个功放电路的功率放大电路的工作原理相同，在此不再赘述。通过连接更多的功放电路可以实现更大回退范围的高效率功率放大。The second output terminal 862c of the second power divider 862 is connected to the second radio frequency signal input terminal 821b of the second power amplifier circuit 820 through the λ/4 phase line 866; the third output terminal 862d of the second power divider 862 is connected through the λ/4 phase line 866. The phase line 867 and the λ/4 phase line 868 are connected to the second radio frequency signal input terminal 831b of the third power amplifier circuit 830; the working principle of the power amplification circuit of the three power amplifier circuits is the same as the power amplification of the two power amplifier circuits provided in the previous embodiment. The working principle of the circuit is the same and will not be described in detail here. By connecting more power amplifier circuits, high-efficiency power amplification with a larger backoff range can be achieved.

上述示例中的双输入功率放大电路仅仅是对本申请实施例的示例性说明，并非对本申请实施例的限制，双输入的功率放大电路还可以包括其他的输入信号的功率分配方式。The dual-input power amplifier circuit in the above example is only an illustrative description of the embodiments of the present application and is not a limitation of the embodiments of the present application. The dual-input power amplifier circuit may also include other power distribution methods for input signals.

此外，为了实现更大的带宽，有更多的变量可以控制，可以有更大的自由度，本申请实施例提供了多输入的功率放大电路如图17所示。功率放大电路包括第一输入信号端、第二输入信号端和第三信号输入端，其中第一输入信号端连接第二功分器862的输入端862a，第二功分器862的两个输出端分别连接第一功放电路810的第一射频信号输入端811a和第二射频信号输入端811b。In addition, in order to achieve a larger bandwidth, more variables can be controlled, and a greater degree of freedom can be achieved. The embodiment of the present application provides a multi-input power amplification circuit as shown in Figure 17. The power amplifier circuit includes a first input signal terminal, a second input signal terminal and a third signal input terminal, wherein the first input signal terminal is connected to the input terminal 862a of the second power divider 862, and the two outputs of the second power divider 862 The terminals are respectively connected to the first radio frequency signal input terminal 811a and the second radio frequency signal input terminal 811b of the first power amplifier circuit 810.

第二输入信号端通过λ/4相位线865连接第三功分器863的输入端863a；第三功分器863的两个输出端分别连接第二功放电路820的第一射频信号输入端821a和第二射频信号输入端821b。The second input signal terminal is connected to the input terminal 863a of the third power divider 863 through the λ/4 phase line 865; the two output terminals of the third power divider 863 are respectively connected to the first radio frequency signal input terminal 821a of the second power amplifier circuit 820. and the second radio frequency signal input terminal 821b.

第三输入信号端通过λ/4相位线866、λ/4相位线867连接第四功分器864的输入端864a。第四功分器864的两个输出端分别连接第三功放电路830的第一射频信号输入端831a和第二射频信号输入端831b。The third input signal terminal is connected to the input terminal 864a of the fourth power divider 864 through the λ/4 phase line 866 and the λ/4 phase line 867. The two output terminals of the fourth power divider 864 are respectively connected to the first radio frequency signal input terminal 831a and the second radio frequency signal input terminal 831b of the third power amplifier circuit 830.

由图17可以看出，功率放大电路还可以对三路输入信号进行处理，以此来提高功率放大电路的带宽。通过连接更多的功放电路可以实现更大回退范围的高效率功率放大。As can be seen from Figure 17, the power amplifier circuit can also process three input signals to increase the bandwidth of the power amplifier circuit. By connecting more power amplifier circuits, high-efficiency power amplification with a larger backoff range can be achieved.

当然，为了能够实现更大的带宽，还可以接入更多路的输入信号，例如，如图18所示，本申请实施例提供的另一种功率放大电路，可以将第一功放电路810的第一射频信号输入端811a、第一功放电路810的第二射频信号输入端811b以及第二功放电路820的第一射频信号输入端821a、第二功放电路820的第二射频信号输入端821b、第三功放电路830的第一射频信号输入端831a、第三功放电路830的第二射频信号输入端831b作为功率放大电路的输入信号端，用于接入6路输入信号，这样可以进一步提高功率放大电路的带宽。Of course, in order to achieve a larger bandwidth, more channels of input signals can also be connected. For example, as shown in Figure 18, another power amplifier circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application can use the first power amplifier circuit 810. The first radio frequency signal input terminal 811a, the second radio frequency signal input terminal 811b of the first power amplifier circuit 810, the first radio frequency signal input terminal 821a of the second power amplifier circuit 820, the second radio frequency signal input terminal 821b of the second power amplifier circuit 820, The first radio frequency signal input terminal 831a of the third power amplifier circuit 830 and the second radio frequency signal input terminal 831b of the third power amplifier circuit 830 are used as input signal terminals of the power amplifier circuit for accessing 6 input signals, which can further increase the power. The bandwidth of the amplifier circuit.

当然，本申请实施例提供的功率放大电路还可以具有更多数量的功率放大电路，或者还可以具有更多数量的输入信号端，以此来实现更大带宽、更大回退下的高功率放大。本申请实施例中为了提高带宽而采用更多数量的输入信号端可以提供独立的相位调整，例如图8中的第二输入信号端可以提供相位的独立调整，λ/4相位线730在实际实现过程中可以省去，图12中的λ/4相位线730和λ/4相位线731；图17中的λ/4相位线865、λ/4相位线866和λ/4相位线867；图18中的λ/4相位线864、λ/4相位线865、λ/4相位线866、λ/4相位线867、λ/4相位线868和λ/4相位线869同理都可以省去。本申请实施例还提供了一种射频收发装置，射频收发装置可以为图1中所示的无线通信***中的发射设备，或者还可以是图1中所示无线通信***中的接收设备。射频收发装置包括射频芯片与前述实施例提供的功率放大电路，射频芯片与功率放大电路连接，从而可以将射频芯片输出的信号进行放大，传输至发射机进行发射，或者将天线接收的信号进行放大后传输至射频芯片。Of course, the power amplifier circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application can also have a larger number of power amplifier circuits, or can also have a larger number of input signal terminals, so as to achieve high power with larger bandwidth and larger backoff. enlarge. In the embodiment of the present application, in order to increase the bandwidth, a larger number of input signal terminals can be used to provide independent phase adjustment. For example, the second input signal terminal in Figure 8 can provide independent phase adjustment. In actual implementation, the λ/4 phase line 730 In the process, the λ/4 phase line 730 and λ/4 phase line 731 in Figure 12 can be omitted; the λ/4 phase line 865, λ/4 phase line 866 and λ/4 phase line 867 in Figure 17; Figure The λ/4 phase line 864, λ/4 phase line 865, λ/4 phase line 866, λ/4 phase line 867, λ/4 phase line 868 and λ/4 phase line 869 in 18 can be omitted for the same reason. . Embodiments of the present application also provide a radio frequency transceiver device. The radio frequency transceiver device may be a transmitting device in the wireless communication system shown in FIG. 1 , or may also be a receiving device in the wireless communication system shown in FIG. 1 . The radio frequency transceiver device includes a radio frequency chip and the power amplifier circuit provided in the previous embodiment. The radio frequency chip is connected to the power amplifier circuit, so that the signal output by the radio frequency chip can be amplified and transmitted to the transmitter for transmission, or the signal received by the antenna can be amplified. and then transmitted to the radio frequency chip.

以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention. should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

一种功率放大电路，其特征在于，包括：多赫蒂合路器以及两个功放电路；所述两个功放电路包括：第一功放电路与第二功放电路：A power amplifier circuit, characterized in that it includes: a Doherty combiner and two power amplifier circuits; the two power amplifier circuits include: a first power amplifier circuit and a second power amplifier circuit:

所述功放电路包括第一射频信号输入端、第二射频信号输入端、均值放大器、正交分路器、正交合路器、第一峰值放大器、第二峰值放大器以及射频信号输出端；The power amplifier circuit includes a first radio frequency signal input terminal, a second radio frequency signal input terminal, an average amplifier, a quadrature splitter, a quadrature combiner, a first peak amplifier, a second peak amplifier and a radio frequency signal output terminal;

所述均值放大器的输入端与所述第一射频信号输入端连接；The input terminal of the averaging amplifier is connected to the first radio frequency signal input terminal;

所述正交分路器的输入端与所述第二射频信号输入端连接，所述正交分路器的隔离端通过负载电阻接地，所述正交分路器的直通端与所述第一峰值放大器的输入端连接，所述正交分路器的耦合端与所述第二峰值放大器的输入端连接；The input end of the orthogonal splitter is connected to the second radio frequency signal input end, the isolation end of the orthogonal splitter is grounded through a load resistor, and the through end of the orthogonal splitter is connected to the third radio frequency signal input end. The input end of a peak amplifier is connected, and the coupling end of the quadrature splitter is connected to the input end of the second peak amplifier;

所述正交合路器的第一输入端与所述第一峰值放大器的输出端连接，所述正交合路器的第二输入端与所述第二峰值放大器的输出端连接，所述正交合路器的隔离端与所述均值放大器的输出端连接，所述正交合路器的输出端与所述功放电路的射频输出端连接；The first input end of the quadrature combiner is connected to the output end of the first peak amplifier, the second input end of the quadrature combiner is connected to the output end of the second peak amplifier, and the The isolation end of the quadrature combiner is connected to the output end of the averaging amplifier, and the output end of the quadrature combiner is connected to the radio frequency output end of the power amplifier circuit;

所述第一功放电路的射频输出端与所述多赫蒂合路器的第一输入端连接，所述第二功放电路的射频输出端与所述多赫蒂合路器的第二输入端连接，所述多赫蒂合路器用于对所述第一功放电路、所述第二功放电路放大后的信号进行功率合并；The radio frequency output end of the first power amplifier circuit is connected to the first input end of the Doherty combiner, and the radio frequency output end of the second power amplifier circuit is connected to the second input end of the Doherty combiner. Connection, the Doherty combiner is used to power combine the amplified signals of the first power amplifier circuit and the second power amplifier circuit;

其中，所述第一功放电路的均值放大器与所述第二功放电路的均值放大器的偏置状态不同。Wherein, the bias states of the averaging amplifier of the first power amplifier circuit and the averaging amplifier of the second power amplifier circuit are different.
根据权利要求1所述的功率放大电路，其特征在于，所述第一功放电路的均值放大器偏置在AB类偏置状态，所述第二功放电路的均值放大器偏置在C类偏置状态。The power amplifier circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the average amplifier of the first power amplifier circuit is biased in a class AB bias state, and the average amplifier of the second power amplifier circuit is biased in a class C bias state. .
根据权利要求1或2所述的功率放大电路，其特征在于，所述第一功放电路的第一峰值放大器与第二峰值放大器以及所述第二功放电路的第一峰值放大器与第二峰值放大器均偏置在C类偏置状态。The power amplifier circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first peak amplifier and the second peak amplifier of the first power amplifier circuit and the first peak amplifier and the second peak amplifier of the second power amplifier circuit Both are biased in class C bias state.
根据权利要求1～3任一所述的功率放大电路，其特征在于，所述功放电路包括移相网络，所述移相网络设置于所述射频信号输入端与所述均值放大器的输入端之间。The power amplifier circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the power amplifier circuit includes a phase-shifting network, and the phase-shifting network is disposed between the radio frequency signal input end and the input end of the averaging amplifier. between.
根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的功率放大电路，其特征在于，所述功率放大电路还包括第一功分器、第二功分器、第三功分器以及信号输入端；The power amplifier circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the power amplifier circuit further includes a first power divider, a second power divider, a third power divider and a signal input terminal;

所述信号输入端与所述第一功分器输入端连接，所述第一功分器的第一输出端与所述第二功分器的输入端连接，所述第一功分器的第二输出端与所述第三功器的输入端连接；The signal input end is connected to the input end of the first power divider, the first output end of the first power divider is connected to the input end of the second power divider, and the first power divider The second output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the third power device;

所述第二功分器的第一输出端与所述第一功放电路的第一射频信号输入端连接，所述第二功分器的第二输出端与所述第一功放电路的第二射频信号输入端连接；The first output end of the second power divider is connected to the first radio frequency signal input end of the first power amplifier circuit, and the second output end of the second power divider is connected to the second end of the first power amplifier circuit. RF signal input terminal connection;

所述第三功分器的第一输出端与所述第二功放电路的第一射频信号输入端连接，所述第三功分器的第二输出端与所述第二功放电路的第二射频信号输入端连接。The first output end of the third power divider is connected to the first radio frequency signal input end of the second power amplifier circuit, and the second output end of the third power divider is connected to the second end of the second power amplifier circuit. RF signal input terminal connection.
根据权利要求1所述的功率放大电路，其特征在于，功率放大电路还包括相位线，所述第一功分器的输出端与所述第三功分器的输入端之间连接所述相位线。The power amplifier circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the power amplifier circuit further includes a phase line, and the phase line is connected between the output end of the first power divider and the input end of the third power divider. Wire.
根据权利要求1～4任一所述的功率放大电路，其特征在于，还包括第一功分器、第二功分器、第一信号输入端及第二信号输入端；The power amplifier circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a first power divider, a second power divider, a first signal input terminal and a second signal input terminal;

所述第一信号输入端与所述第一器的输入端连接，所述第二信号输入端与所述第二功分器的输入端连接，所述第一功分器的第一输出端与所述第一功放电路的第二射频信号输入端连接，所述第一功分器的第二输出端与所述第二功放电路的第一射频信号输入端连接；The first signal input end is connected to the input end of the first device, the second signal input end is connected to the input end of the second power divider, and the first output end of the first power divider is is connected to the second radio frequency signal input end of the first power amplifier circuit, and the second output end of the first power divider is connected to the first radio frequency signal input end of the second power amplifier circuit;

所述第二功分器的第一输出端与所述第一功放电路的第一射频信号输入端连接，所述第一功放电路的第一射频信号输入端与正交分路器的输入端连接；所述第二功分器的第二输出端与所述第二功放电路的第二射频信号输入端连接，所述第二射频信号输入端与正交分路器的输入端连接。The first output end of the second power splitter is connected to the first radio frequency signal input end of the first power amplifier circuit, and the first radio frequency signal input end of the first power amplifier circuit is connected to the input end of the quadrature splitter. Connection; the second output end of the second power splitter is connected to the second radio frequency signal input end of the second power amplifier circuit, and the second radio frequency signal input end is connected to the input end of the orthogonal splitter.
根据权利要求7所述的功率放大电路，其特征在于，包括第一相位线和第二相位线；The power amplifier circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that it includes a first phase line and a second phase line;

所述第一相位线位于所述第一功分器的第二输出端和所述移相网络之间，所述第二相位线位于所述第二功分器的第二输出端和所述正交合路器的输入端之间。The first phase line is located between the second output end of the first power divider and the phase shifting network, and the second phase line is located between the second output end of the second power divider and the between the input terminals of the quadrature combiner.
根据权利要求6或8所述的功率放大电路，其特征在于，所述多赫蒂合路器包括的第一输入端、第二输入端、微带线和输出端；The power amplifier circuit according to claim 6 or 8, characterized in that the Doherty combiner includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a microstrip line and an output terminal;

所述多赫蒂合路器的第一输入端连接所述第一功放电路的射频信号输出端，所述多赫蒂合路器的第二输入端连接所述第二功放电路的射频信号输出端；The first input end of the Doherty combiner is connected to the radio frequency signal output end of the first power amplifier circuit, and the second input end of the Doherty combiner is connected to the radio frequency signal output end of the second power amplifier circuit. end;

所述多赫蒂合路器的第一输入端通过所述微带线与所述输出端连接；The first input end of the Doherty combiner is connected to the output end through the microstrip line;

所述微带线的相位延迟与所述相位线的相位延迟相同。The phase delay of the microstrip line is the same as the phase delay of the phase line.
一种射频收发装置，其特征在于，所述射频收发装置包括射频芯片以及如权利要求1～9任一项所述的功率放大电路，所述射频芯片与所述功率放大电路连接。A radio frequency transceiver device, characterized in that the radio frequency transceiver device includes a radio frequency chip and a power amplifier circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the radio frequency chip is connected to the power amplifier circuit.