CN116470863A - Back-matching broadband large-rollback dynamic range load modulation balance power amplifier - Google Patents
Back-matching broadband large-rollback dynamic range load modulation balance power amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/56—Modifications of input or output impedances, not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
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- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/42—Modifications of amplifiers to extend the bandwidth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/189—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless radio frequency communication, relates to a radio frequency power amplifier, and particularly provides a back-matching broadband large-rollback dynamic range load modulation balance power amplifier which is used for solving the problems of narrow bandwidth, small rollback dynamic range and high complexity of the existing LMBA power amplifier. The design of the low-characteristic-impedance output quadrature coupler improves the power capacity and reduces the complexity of the design of the broadband matching network of the balanced amplifier module; meanwhile, the equal power divider and the phase shift network module are adopted to replace the double-input architecture of the traditional LMBA, and the phase shift network module is adjusted to achieve the load modulation effect of the LMBA, so that the complexity of the system is greatly reduced, and the insertion loss generated by the phase shift network is utilized to expand the rollback dynamic range; in addition, the combination of the phase shift network, the low-impedance output coupler and the post-matching impedance transformation network improves the rollback range of the device, improves the high-efficiency working range of the device and improves the performance of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless radio frequency communication, relates to a radio frequency power amplifier, and particularly provides a rear matching type broadband large-rollback dynamic range load modulation balanced power amplifier.
Background
With the rapid development of communication technology, the information transmission with large bandwidth and high speed brings convenience to our life; in order to transmit larger data volume in a limited spectrum bandwidth, the peak-to-average ratio of a modulation signal is increased, the original peak-to-average ratio of the signal can reach tens of dB, and the traditional power amplifier has the problem of lower efficiency in high-power rollback; the radio frequency power amplifier with both efficiency and linearity becomes one of the research hot spots with higher heat in the power amplification field.
Currently, there are many efficiency improving means of the power amplifier in the back-off state, for example: envelope tracking technology, DOHERTY active load modulation technology and the like, but the technologies are limited by bandwidth, cannot meet the current ultra-wideband wireless radio frequency communication requirements, and a novel wideband high-rollback-efficiency power amplifier architecture is required to improve communication performance. Load modulation balanced power amplifiers (LMBAs) have broadband characteristics as an active load modulation-based architecture newly proposed in recent years, but the typical back-off range of 6-8 dB of the architecture cannot meet the increasing peak-to-average ratio requirement of the modulated signal, and the complex dual-input architecture increases the complexity of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a load modulation balance power amplifier with a rear matching type broadband and a large rollback dynamic range and an implementation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of narrow bandwidth, small rollback dynamic range and high complexity of the existing LMBA power amplifier; the invention improves the power capacity by the low-characteristic-impedance output quadrature coupler, reduces the design complexity of the broadband matching network of the balance amplifier module, and improves the rollback dynamic range of the LMBA power amplifier by combining the low-impedance output quadrature coupler and the post-matching impedance transformation network by utilizing the phase shift network.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a back-matching broadband large-rollback dynamic range load modulation balanced power amplifier comprises: the phase shift power division module 1, the control power amplification module 2, the balance power amplifier circuit module 3 and the impedance transformation module 4; wherein:
the phase shift power division module 1 includes: an equal power divider 11, a first phase shift network 12 and a second phase shift network 13;
the control power amplification module 2 includes: a first input match 21, a first power amplifier 22, a first output match 23;
the balanced power amplifier circuit module 3 includes: a power amplifier circuit module 33, an input quadrature coupler module 32, an output quadrature coupler module 34, and a load 31; the power amplifier circuit module 33 includes: the first branch is formed by sequentially connecting a second input matching 331, a second power amplifier 332 and a second output matching 333, and the second branch is formed by sequentially connecting a third input matching 334, a third power amplifier 335 and a third output matching 336;
the impedance transformation module 4 includes: a first impedance transformation network 41 and a second impedance transformation network 42;
the equal power divider 11 divides an input signal into two paths of signals, and the first path of signals sequentially pass through a first input matching 21, a first power amplifier 22 and a first output matching end 23 of the control power amplifying module through the first phase shift network 12 and then are input to a 3 rd port of the output quadrature coupler module through the first impedance transformation network 41; the second path of signals enters the 1 st port of the input orthogonal coupler module 32 in the balanced power amplifier circuit module after passing through the second phase shifting network 13, the input orthogonal coupler module 32 is divided into two paths of signals, the 3 rd port and the 4 th port of the input orthogonal coupler module 32 are respectively output to the first branch and the second branch, and the signals are respectively input to the 1 st port and the 2 nd port of the output orthogonal coupler module 34 after passing through the first branch and the second branch; the 2 nd port of the input quadrature coupler module 32 is connected to the load 31, and the 4 th port of the output quadrature coupler module 34 is connected to the second impedance transformation network 42 to output a signal.
Further, in the phase shift power splitting module, the first phase shift network uses a 50 ohm transmission line, and the second phase shift network 13 uses a step impedance transmission line.
Further, the first power amplifier adopts a continuous B/J type power amplifier, and the second power amplifier and the third power amplifier adopt C type power amplifiers.
Further, the input quadrature coupler module and the output quadrature coupler module adopt 3dB quadrature branch line couplers, wherein the output quadrature coupler module is low in characteristic impedance.
Based on the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a back-matching broadband large-rollback dynamic range load modulation balanced power amplifier, which is characterized in that the power capacity is improved by outputting a quadrature coupler through low characteristic impedance, and the complexity of the design of a broadband matching network of a balanced amplifier module is reduced; the equally divided power divider module and the phase shift network module replace the double-input architecture of the traditional LMBA, so that the complexity of the system is reduced; the phase shift network and the low impedance output coupler and the post-match impedance transformation network increase the back-off range of the load modulation balanced amplifier.
It can be seen that the phase of the present invention has the following advantages over conventional load modulation balanced power amplifiers:
1) By the design of the low-characteristic-impedance output quadrature coupler, the power capacity is improved, and the complexity of the design of the broadband matching network of the balanced amplifier module is reduced;
2) The dual-input architecture of the traditional LMBA is replaced by the equal power divider and the phase shift network module, and the phase shift network module is adjusted to achieve the load modulation effect of the LMBA, so that the complexity of the system is greatly reduced, and the dynamic range of the rollback is expanded by utilizing the insertion loss generated by the phase shift network;
3) The combination of the phase shift network, the low-impedance output coupler and the back-matching impedance transformation network improves the rollback range of the load modulation balance amplifier, improves the high-efficiency working range of the load modulation balance power amplifier, and improves the performance of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a post-matching wideband large-rollback dynamic range load modulation balanced power amplifier in the invention.
Figure 2 is a block diagram of the construction of the quadrature coupler of the present invention,
fig. 3 is a diagram of simulation results of a load modulation balanced power amplifier with a back-matching broadband and large rollback dynamic range in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present embodiment provides a post-matching wideband large-backoff dynamic range load modulation balanced power amplifier, whose structure is shown in fig. 1, comprising: the phase shift power division module 1, the control power amplification module 2, the balance power amplifier circuit module 3 and the impedance transformation module 4; wherein:
the phase shift power division module 1 includes: an equal power divider 11, a first phase shift network 12 and a second phase shift network 13;
the control power amplification module 2 includes: the first input matching 21, the first power amplifier 22 and the first output matching 23 are sequentially connected to form;
the balanced power amplifier circuit module 3 is a main circuit, and comprises: a power amplifier circuit module 33, an input quadrature coupler module 32, an output quadrature coupler module 34, and a load 31; the power amplifier circuit module 33 includes: the first branch is formed by sequentially connecting a second input matching 331, a second power amplifier 332 and a second output matching 333, and the second branch is formed by sequentially connecting a third input matching 334, a third power amplifier 335 and a third output matching 336;
the impedance transformation module 4 includes: a first impedance transformation network 41 and a second impedance transformation network 42;
the equal power divider 11 divides an input signal into two paths of signals, and the first path of signals sequentially pass through a first input matching 21, a first power amplifier 22 and a first output matching end 23 of the control power amplification module 2 through the first phase shift network 12 and then are input to a 3 rd port of the output quadrature coupler module through the first impedance transformation network 41 to form an auxiliary control path; the second path of signals enter an input orthogonal coupler module 32 in the balanced power amplifier circuit module after passing through a second phase shifting network 13, the input orthogonal coupler module 32 is divided into two paths of signals, and the two paths of signals are sequentially input to a 1 st port and a 2 nd port of an output orthogonal coupler module 34 after passing through a first branch and a second branch respectively; the 2 nd port of the input orthogonal coupler module 32 is connected with the load 31 to absorb the reflected power, and the 4 th port of the output orthogonal coupler module 34 is connected with the impedance transformation network 42 to output a signal;
namely: the main path and the auxiliary control path are connected through the output quadrature coupler module 34, and output at the 4 th port of the output quadrature coupler module 34, and output to a 50Ω standard load after passing through the impedance transformation network 42.
It should be noted that: in the present invention, in the input quadrature coupler module 32 and the output quadrature coupler module 34, when the 1 st port is taken as an input end, the 3 rd port is taken as a through end, the 4 th port is taken as a coupling end, the 2 nd port is taken as an isolation end, and so on.
The design principle of the technical scheme is further described in detail below:
as shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the output quadrature coupler module 34, I b1 、I b2 、I c And I 0 The current flowing from the second power amplifier, the current flowing from the third power amplifier, the current flowing from the first power amplifier and the equivalent current flowing from the output end are respectively V b1 、V b2 、V c And V 0 Equivalent voltages of the 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd and 4 th ports of the output quadrature coupler module 34, respectively; z is Z 0 Is the characteristic impedance of the output quadrature coupler module 34; j is an imaginary part symbol, and the voltage-current transfer function of each port of the output quadrature coupler is as follows:
the input quadrature coupler causes current sources b1 and b2 to be 90 degrees out of phase:
deriving the voltage relationship between the control power amplifier (control power amplifier module 2) and the balance power amplifier (balance power amplifier circuit module 3):
the current amplitude ratio of a single branch and a control power amplifier in the balanced power amplifier is alpha, and the phase difference is theta c The two-power-amplifier-flow relation expression can be obtained:
the equivalent load impedance of a single branch and a control power amplifier in the balanced power amplifier can be obtained:
it can be seen that the equivalent load impedance of the control circuit (control power amplifier) is not affected by the balance circuit current, and the equivalent load impedance of the balance circuit (single branch in the balance power amplifier) and the characteristic impedance Z of the output quadrature coupler 34 0 Current amplitude ratio alpha and phase difference theta c Related to the following. Therefore, in the invention, by changing the parameters, the equivalent load impedance of the balanced circuit power amplifier can be changed, so that the working state of the balanced circuit power amplifier is changed, and the efficiency in the backspacing state is improved;
further, the output power expression of the load end is as follows:
it can be seen that the outputs of the three-way power amplifier transistors can all be output to the 4 th port of the output quadrature coupler module 34 without any loss in theory.
In the invention, a first power amplifier adopts a continuous B/J type power amplifier, and a second power amplifier and a third power amplifier adopt C type power amplifiers; so that the device presents different load modulation modes in a low-power signal stage before the back-off point and a high-power signal stage after the back-off point.
In the low power signal state before the back-off point, the balanced power amplifier module 33 approaches the off state, so I b1 ＝I b2 The output power of the whole power amplifier is completely provided by the control power amplifier circuit module 2;
in the high power signal state after the back-off point, the balanced type power amplifier 33 operating in class C is gradually turned on to perform the power amplification function, the load modulation effect of the LMBA begins to be exhibited, and at this time, the impedance of the 1 st and 2 nd ports of the output quadrature coupler module 34 relative to the second and third power amplifiers 332 and 335 is no longer Z due to the load modulation function 0 =30Ω, and becomes:
the control power amplifier in the working state keeps saturated high-efficiency output, and the load impedance of the balance power amplifier is modulated, so that the working efficiency of the balance power amplifier is changed, and the efficiency of the whole LMBA is improved.
Based on this, in order to reduce the difficulty of balanced power amplifier broadband matching, the characteristic impedance of the branch line quadrature coupler module 34 adopted in the present invention is 30Ω, that is, a low characteristic impedance quadrature coupler, and then transformed to 50 ohm output through the second impedance transformation network 42. The matching difficulty of the balanced power amplifier is reduced, the power capacity is increased, and the bandwidth of the whole LMBA is finally expanded; according to the invention, the amplitude difference between the phase shift networks 12 and 13 enables the balanced power amplifier to have larger power on, so that the efficiency of a back-off point is improved, and finally, the phase shift network, the low-impedance output coupler and the back-matching impedance conversion network improve the back-off range of the load modulation balanced amplifier and improve the efficiency during back-off.
The simulation test is carried out on the load modulation balance power amplifier with the rear matching type broadband large-rollback dynamic range in the embodiment, and the specific parameters are as follows: the output quadrature coupler module is low in characteristic impedance of 30Ω, the 3 rd port of the output quadrature coupler module realizes 50Ω to 30Ω conversion by the first impedance transformation network, and the 4 th port realizes 30Ω to 50Ω conversion by the second impedance transformation network; the balanced power amplifier circuit is used as a main circuit, wherein a class C power amplifier transistor is 25W-CGH40025F produced by CREE company, the drain voltage is set to 28V, the gate voltage is set to-5.5V, and on the basis, the design of an input matching circuit, an output matching circuit and a direct current bias circuit is carried out, the source impedance of the transistor is matched to 50 omega, and the optimal load impedance of a saturation point of the transistor is matched to 30 omega; the power amplification module is controlled to serve as an auxiliary circuit, wherein a 10W-CGH40010F produced by CREE is selected as a transistor of the continuous B/J power amplifier, the drain voltage is set to be 24V, the gate voltage is set to be-2.9V, the design of an input matching circuit, an output matching circuit and a direct current bias circuit is carried out on the basis, the source impedance of the transistor is matched to 50 omega, the optimal load impedance of a saturation point of the transistor is 50 omega, and the transistor is connected to the designed impedance conversion module; the broadband power phase shift module divides an input signal into two parts of signals, wherein the two signals have amplitude differences and phase differences, and the load modulation effect of the LMBA is optimized.
Simulation is carried out by using ADS software, the 2.3G simulation result is shown in fig. 3, the saturated output is 47.6dBm, the efficiency of the power in the back-off of 6dB is improved to 64%, the efficiency of the power in the back-off of 10dB is improved to 61%, the saturated efficiency is up to 80%, and good back-off interval improvement performance is shown.
While the invention has been described in terms of specific embodiments, any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise; all of the features disclosed, or all of the steps in a method or process, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps, may be combined in any manner.
Claims (4)
1. A back-matching broadband large-rollback dynamic range load modulation balanced power amplifier comprises: the phase shift power dividing module, the control power amplifying module, the balance power amplifier circuit module and the impedance transformation module; the method is characterized in that:
the phase shift power division module comprises: dividing the power divider equally, the first phase shift network and the second phase shift network;
the control power amplification module includes: a first input match, a first power amplifier, a first output match;
the balanced power amplifier circuit module includes: a power amplifier circuit module, an input quadrature coupler module, an output quadrature coupler module, and a load; the power amplifier circuit module includes: the first branch is formed by sequentially connecting a second input match, a second power amplifier and a second output match, and the second branch is formed by sequentially connecting a third input match, a third power amplifier and a third output match;
the impedance transformation module includes: a first impedance transformation network and a second impedance transformation network;
the equal power divider divides an input signal into two paths of signals, and the first path of signals sequentially pass through a first input matching end, a first power amplifier end and a first output matching end of the control power amplifying module through a first phase shift network and are input to a 3 rd port of the output quadrature coupler module through a first impedance transformation network; the second path of signals enter a 1 st port of an input quadrature coupler module in the balanced power amplifier circuit module after passing through a second phase shifting network, the input quadrature coupler module is divided into two paths of signals, the 3 rd port and the 4 th port of the input quadrature coupler module are respectively output to a first branch and a second branch, and the signals are respectively input to the 1 st port and the 2 nd port of the output quadrature coupler module after passing through the first branch and the second branch; the 2 nd port of the input orthogonal coupler module is connected with a load, and the 4 th port of the output orthogonal coupler module is connected with a second impedance transformation network and then outputs a signal.
2. The post-match broadband large-rollback dynamic range load modulation balanced power amplifier of claim 1, wherein in the phase shift power splitting module, a first phase shift network uses a 50 ohm transmission line and a second phase shift network uses a step impedance transmission line.
3. The post-match wide-band large-back dynamic range load modulation balanced power amplifier of claim 1, wherein the first power amplifier is a continuous class B/J power amplifier, and the second power amplifier and the third power amplifier are class C power amplifiers.
4. The post-match broadband large-back dynamic range load modulation balanced power amplifier of claim 1, wherein the input quadrature coupler module and the output quadrature coupler module employ 3dB quadrature branch line couplers, wherein the output quadrature coupler module is of low characteristic impedance.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117176091A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 深圳市恒运昌真空技术有限公司 | Balanced power amplifier topology circuit of radio frequency power supply and control method thereof |
| CN117353260A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-01-05 | 深圳市恒运昌真空技术有限公司 | Energy overshoot suppression circuit based on balanced power amplifier and control method thereof |
| CN117997288A (en) * | 2024-04-07 | 2024-05-07 | 吉林大学 | Large-rollback load modulation balance power amplifier |
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2023
- 2023-03-31 CN CN202310337195.8A patent/CN116470863A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117176091A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 深圳市恒运昌真空技术有限公司 | Balanced power amplifier topology circuit of radio frequency power supply and control method thereof |
| CN117353260A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-01-05 | 深圳市恒运昌真空技术有限公司 | Energy overshoot suppression circuit based on balanced power amplifier and control method thereof |
| CN117176091B (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-04-05 | 深圳市恒运昌真空技术股份有限公司 | Balanced power amplifier topology circuit of radio frequency power supply and control method thereof |
| CN117997288A (en) * | 2024-04-07 | 2024-05-07 | 吉林大学 | Large-rollback load modulation balance power amplifier |
| CN117997288B (en) * | 2024-04-07 | 2024-06-04 | 吉林大学 | Large-rollback load modulation balance power amplifier |
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