WO2024040312A1 - Improvement of a tipping spreader and container assembly for bulk logistics - Google Patents
Improvement of a tipping spreader and container assembly for bulk logistics Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024040312A1 WO2024040312A1 PCT/BR2022/050326 BR2022050326W WO2024040312A1 WO 2024040312 A1 WO2024040312 A1 WO 2024040312A1 BR 2022050326 W BR2022050326 W BR 2022050326W WO 2024040312 A1 WO2024040312 A1 WO 2024040312A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- spreader
- containers
- tipping
- bars
- container
- Prior art date
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 title claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001483 mobilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/54—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/02—Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyors
- B65G47/16—Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyors for feeding materials in bulk
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
- B65G65/23—Devices for tilting and emptying of containers
Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the logistics sector in transport, storage and transshipment of bulk, and refers, more specifically, to a set constructed and operable in accordance with the international format of containers formed by a spreader tilting and by tilting metal continents that consist of two halves that are articulated by the upper middle part of their length.
- Bulk transshipments are multimodal logistical operations in which bulk materials - housed or not in containers - are loaded or unloaded from yards or from one mode of transport to another.
- Containers and their “spreaders” and “lockers” are built in “container format” in accordance with international agreement and, in addition to protecting the cargo they contain, they are intermodal and traceable and, throughout the world, loading and unloading yards, railway, bus and port terminals are designed to operate with containers.
- containers are the passport for entering international markets, as they consist of a logistical tool that concentrates great advantages in terms of cost savings and security; Because they are universal, their names and the names of their parts are traditionally written in English, with no substitutes in Portuguese.
- Containers have great logistical advantages, however, the transshipment of bulk materials was not the object of the project that gave rise to the “container format”.
- Bulk transshipment is an operation that poses risks in relation to work safety, generates large labor costs, takes a long time to carry out, in addition to mobilizing, for long periods of time, teams of workers and equipment such as cranes , gantries, ships, wagons and others.
- the containers both in the previous version and in the proposed invention, must have central articulation axes coinciding with and parallel to the articulation axes of the pantographic spreader that drives them, maintaining the correct geometry in the opening and closing movements of the container.
- the accommodation of the spreader's central locking pin uses a box superimposed on the container's articulation axis. All six mooring points for the spreader locking pins, which must be coplanar, are higher than the upper edge of the container, reducing the cargo volume.
- the double articulation allows the spreader's central locking pin to be accommodated between the two articulation axes.
- the six docking points for the spreader locking pins are at the same level as the edge of the container, making full use of the height and consequently greater cargo volume.
- the maximum force of a hydraulic cylinder is a function of the effective area of the piston and the maximum allowable pressure.
- the rod extension force is greater than the retraction force, since the effective area on the piston side is greater than the effective area on the rod side. This is because the effective area on the rod side is the area of the piston, subtracting the area of the circular section of the rod.
- the rod displacement speed is a function of the fluid flow rate and the effective area of the piston. Speed is inversely proportional to area, that is, the larger the area, the lower the speed.
- This cylinder is known as an unbalanced actuator cylinder, as there is a difference between the effective working areas on both sides of the piston. Therefore, this type of cylinder is normally installed so that the extension side of the piston carries the greater load.
- the container opening movement requires greater force, as this movement is carried out with the container loaded.
- the closing movement is carried out with the container empty. It is advisable that the container opening movement is carried out at a slower speed, in order to minimize the impact of falling, protecting the product from degradation.
- the closing movement must be as quick as possible, minimizing the total operation cycle time.
- the opening movement of the container which requires greater force, is performed by retracting the rod, producing less force with greater speed, while the closing movement is performed by extending it of the rod, producing greater force with lower speed.
- the container opening movement which requires greater force, is performed by extending the rod, producing greater force, with lower speed; while the closing movement is performed by retracting the rod, producing less force with more speed.
- the previous version features telescopic cylinders, which have two or more rods, one inside the other; being more expensive and requiring more frequent maintenance, with higher costs.
- Figure 1 represents a perspective view of the tipping container in the closed position with the tipping spreader attached
- Figure 2 represents a side view of the tipping container in the closed position with the tipping spreader attached
- Figure 3 represents a front view of the tipping container in the closed position with the tipping spreader attached
- Figure 4 represents a perspective view of the tipping container with the tipping spreader attached, in the opening position of the two semi-containers for unloading;
- Figure 5 represents a side view of the tipping container with the tipping spreader attached, in the opening position of the two semi-containers for unloading;
- Figure 6 represents a perspective view of the tipping container in the closed position
- Figure 7 represents a perspective view of the tipping container in the opening position of the two semi-containers for unloading
- Figure 8 represents a perspective view of the tilting spreader with its frames in a horizontal position, to be attached to the tipping container;
- Figure 9 represents a perspective view of the tipping spreader with its two horizontal arms suspended or retracted, which happens when it is suspended to open the tipping container;
- Figure 10 represents a side view of the central articulation of the semi-containers.
- the invention comprises a set (1) of “spreader” and tipping “containers” for bulk logistics, which is composed of a tipping container (12) equipped with two semi-containers (12A)(12B) and tilting “spreader” (2), which has a vertical frame (2A) on whose upper bar (2B) the eyelets (3) and sliding guides (4) are fixed, preferably welded to the bases (BS), whose guides (4 ) are supported by reinforcements (Q), forming a rigid structure reinforced by steel plates and tubes that interconnect the two sliding guides (4); and between the upper bar (2B) and the bases (BS) there are vertical cylinders with a single double-acting rod (C).
- a tipping container (12) equipped with two semi-containers (12A)(12B) and tilting “spreader” (2), which has a vertical frame (2A) on whose upper bar (2B) the eyelets (3) and sliding guides (4) are fixed, preferably welded to the bases (BS), whose guides (4 ) are
- a central reinforcement bar (BR) mounted on the locker coupling parts (9A) designed for coupling and uncoupling, arranged in the upper central part of the tipping container (12), at the point of movement of the two semi-containers (12A)(12B).
- the horizontal bars (6) connect on the front part of the horizontal frames (2D) with the two horizontal front bars (7) which contain, at their four ends, two pairs of container format “lockers” (8), which allow coupling and disengaging of the respective “corner casting” (13) placed on the four vertical and front bars (13A) of the tipping container (12). Furthermore, there are also two “lockers” (not illustrated) positioned on the bases (BS) for coupling to the pair of parts (9A).
- the tilting “spreader” (2) has a vertical frame (2A), on whose upper bar (2B) suspension hooks are fixed to the eyelets (3), and by means of union members (1 1 A) they couple the rods (A), which activate the horizontal frames (2D) through the joints (AR), fixed to the bars (6) of the horizontal frames (2D) by union members (1 1 B).
- the tilting “spreader” (2) is composed of bases (BS) on the sides, where the bars (6) are coupled by pins (AB), concentric to the pins (CD) that interconnect the containers (12A)(12B ), in such a way that they can carry out the movement of closing and opening the frames (2D) in a horizontal position. And the pair of coupling pieces (9A) allows the “spreader (2)” to fit through the “lockers” positioned on the bases (BS). It is not necessary to use manual work for the coupling between the tipping “spreader” (2) and tipping containers (12), thus generating operational time savings and eliminating manual operations that pose a high risk of workplace accidents.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
Pertaining to the sector of transport logistics, storing and bulk transport, the present invention relates to an assembly (1) comprised of a tipping container (12) having two half containers (12A)(12B), and a tipping spreader (2) having a vertical frame (2A), the upper bar (2B) of which has lugs (3) attached thereto and guides (4) that are preferably welded to bases (BS), the guides (4) being supported by strengthening elements (Q), forming a rigid structure; provided between the upper bar (2B) and the bases (BS) are double-acting single rod cylinders (C); the spreader is provided with a vertical frame (2A); suspension hooks with lugs (3) are attached to the upper bar (2B); and attached by connection members (11A) are rods (A) for actuating horizontal frames (2D) via joints (AR) attached to bars (6) of the horizontal frames (2D) by connection members (11B).
Description
APERFEIÇOAMENTO EM CONJUNTO DE “SPREADER” E “CONTAINERS” BASCULANTES PARA LOGÍSTICA DE GRANÉIS JOINT IMPROVEMENT OF “SPREADER” AND TIPPING “CONTAINERS” FOR BULK LOGISTICS
Setor tecnológico da invenção Technological invention sector
[001] De uma maneira geral, a presente invenção pertence ao setor de logística em transporte, armazenagem e transbordos de granéis, e se refere, mais especificamente, a um conjunto construído e operável em conformidade com o formato internacional de containers formado por um spreader basculante e por continentes metálicos basculantes que constam de duas metades que se articulam pela parte superior média do comprimento dos mesmos. [001] In general, the present invention belongs to the logistics sector in transport, storage and transshipment of bulk, and refers, more specifically, to a set constructed and operable in accordance with the international format of containers formed by a spreader tilting and by tilting metal continents that consist of two halves that are articulated by the upper middle part of their length.
Estado da Técnica State of the Art
[002] Os transbordos de granéis são operações logísticas multimodais nas quais granéis - abrigados ou não em containers - são carregados ou descarregados de pátios ou de um modal de transporte para outro. [002] Bulk transshipments are multimodal logistical operations in which bulk materials - housed or not in containers - are loaded or unloaded from yards or from one mode of transport to another.
[003] Operações de transbordos de granéis têm custos altos que impactam os custos finais das mercadorias. Granéis cujos valores e/ou que por suas características físico-químicas não suportam o intemperismo devem ser transportados em containers. [003] Bulk transshipment operations have high costs that impact the final costs of the goods. Bulks whose values and/or their physical-chemical characteristics do not support weathering must be transported in containers.
[004] Containers e seus “spreaders" e “lockers” são construídos em “formato container” conforme acordo internacional e, além de protegerem as cargas que contém, são intermodais e rastreáveis sendo que, no mundo todo, pátios de carga e descarga, terminais ferroviários, rodoviários e portuários são projetados para operarem com containers. [004] Containers and their “spreaders” and “lockers” are built in “container format” in accordance with international agreement and, in addition to protecting the cargo they contain, they are intermodal and traceable and, throughout the world, loading and unloading yards, railway, bus and port terminals are designed to operate with containers.
[005] Pode-se dizer que os containers são o passaporte para ingresso em mercados internacionais, pois, consistem em uma ferramenta logística que concentra grandes vantagens de economia de custos e de segurança; por serem universais, têm seus nomes e os nomes de suas partes tradicionalmente escritos em inglês, sem substitutos na língua portuguesa. [005] It can be said that containers are the passport for entering international markets, as they consist of a logistical tool that concentrates great advantages in terms of cost savings and security; Because they are universal, their names and the names of their parts are traditionally written in English, with no substitutes in Portuguese.
Crítica ao Estado da Técnica Criticism of the State of the Technique
[006] Containers possuem grandes vantagens logísticas, entretanto, o transbordo de granéis não foi objeto do projeto que deu origem ao “formato container”.
[007] O transbordo de granéis é uma operação que possui risco em relação à segurança do trabalho, gera grande custo de mão de obra, demanda muito tempo para ser realizado, além de mobilizar, por longos tempos, equipes de trabalhadores e equipamentos como guindastes, pórticos, navios, vagões e outros. [006] Containers have great logistical advantages, however, the transshipment of bulk materials was not the object of the project that gave rise to the “container format”. [007] Bulk transshipment is an operation that poses risks in relation to work safety, generates large labor costs, takes a long time to carry out, in addition to mobilizing, for long periods of time, teams of workers and equipment such as cranes , gantries, ships, wagons and others.
[008] Alguns documentos de patentes ilustram soluções técnicas para esses problemas como o BR 102016026494-4, intitulado “CONJUNTO DE PANTÓGRAFO E CAÇAMBA ARTICULADA PARA LOGÍSTICA DE GRANÉIS”, do mesmo inventor desta patente, se refere a um conjunto de “spreader e container basculantes” concebido fora do “formato container”, que opera através de ganchos e não utiliza trabalhos manualmente exercidos sobre o conjunto. [008] Some patent documents illustrate technical solutions to these problems, such as BR 102016026494-4, entitled “PANTOGRAPH AND ARTICULATED BUCKET SET FOR BULK LOGISTICS”, from the same inventor of this patent, refers to a set of “spreader and container tipping machines” designed outside the “container format”, which operates using hooks and does not use manual work carried out on the assembly.
[009] Outro documento de patente, BR 102012031 119-4, intitulado “EQUIPAMENTO AUTOMATIZADO DE ABERTURA E FECHAMENTO DE CAIXAS METÁLICAS DE TRANSPORTE DE PRODUTOS PARA ACONDICIONAMENTO EM NAVIOS”, agregou ao sistema de logística de granéis um equipamento semiautomatizado como ferramenta auxiliar de transbordo de conteúdos e continentes ao utilizar um recurso conhecido, que é o uso de um continente metálico, em forma de paralelepípedo, cujos recursos para torna-lo basculante são instalados na metade superior do comprimento do continente, sendo empregados operadores para colocar - manualmente - os ganchos terminais de correntes, ou de cintas, usados para fechá-los, elevá-los, abaixá-los e abri-los para serem esvaziados, mas que não pertencem ao “formato containers”, pois, não possuem acoplamentos conforme a interface do conjunto operacional de “spreaders com “lockers” e “corner casting”, compatíveis com containers, diferentemente do objeto desta Patente. [009] Another patent document, BR 102012031 119-4, entitled “AUTOMATED EQUIPMENT FOR OPENING AND CLOSING METAL BOXES FOR TRANSPORTING PRODUCTS FOR PACKAGING ON SHIPS”, added semi-automated equipment to the bulk logistics system as an auxiliary transshipment tool of contents and continents by using a known resource, which is the use of a metallic continent, in the shape of a parallelepiped, whose resources to make it tiltable are installed in the upper half of the continent's length, with operators being employed to place - manually - the chain or strap terminal hooks, used to close, raise, lower and open them to be emptied, but which do not belong to the “container format”, as they do not have couplings according to the set interface operational of “spreaders with lockers” and “corner casting”, compatible with containers, unlike the object of this Patent.
[010] Ainda assim, tem-se a patente BR 102017012884-9 - “CONJUNTO DE "SPREADER" E "CONTAINERS" BASCULANTES PARA LOGÍSTICA DE GRANÉIS”, do mesmo inventor, que apresentou um par de “lockers” à parte central do “spreader” e do correspondente par de “corner casting” à parte superior central dos containers, além de pinos mantenedores dos “corner casting” centrais dos containers e de ressaltos limitadores dos quadros basculantes do spreader à
posição horizontal, sendo os quadros basculantes do spreader movimentados por cilindros hidráulicos, ou por qualquer modo adequado, acionados à distância, por rádio emissores portáteis. Porém, analisando BR102017012884-9 e os conhecimentos antecipados no estado da técnica, viu-se uma lacuna e possibilidade de aperfeiçoamento da tecnologia empregada que teve grande aceite do mercado, podendo-se aprimorar o conjunto promovendo avanços substanciais para aplicação no setor. [010] Even so, there is patent BR 102017012884-9 - “SET OF "SPREADER" AND TIPPING "CONTAINERS" FOR BULK LOGISTICS”, by the same inventor, who presented a pair of “lockers” to the central part of the “ spreader” and the corresponding pair of “corner casting” to the upper central part of the containers, in addition to pins maintaining the central “corner casting” of the containers and limiting projections of the tilting frames of the spreader to the horizontal position, with the spreader's tilting frames being moved by hydraulic cylinders, or in any suitable way, activated remotely, by portable radio transmitters. However, analyzing BR102017012884-9 and the advance knowledge in the state of the art, a gap and possibility of improving the technology used was seen, which had great market acceptance, allowing the set to be improved by promoting substantial advances for application in the sector.
Novidades e avanços da invenção Invention news and advances
[01 1 ] Com a invenção se obteve avanços nos dois equipamentos operacionais fundamentais do formato container - “spreader com lockers” e containers com “corner casting” - e fundamentam uma operação logística integral que se inicia na fonte geradora dos granéis, promovendo economias em mão de obra, segurança do trabalho e redução dos tempos de operações de enchimento, esvaziamento, armazenamento e transbordo de granéis. [01 1 ] With the invention, advances were made in the two fundamental operational equipment of the container format - “spreader with lockers” and containers with “corner casting” - and are the basis for an integral logistics operation that begins at the bulk generating source, promoting savings in labor, work safety and reduction of filling, emptying, storage and transshipment operations times for bulk materials.
[012] Uma das inovações se dá no volume de carga no container, pois tanto as estradas de ferro, quanto as rodovias, determina-se a altura máxima para os veículos trafegarem; uma maior altura útil proporciona maior volume de carga, consequentemente uma logística mais econômica. [012] One of the innovations occurs in the volume of cargo in the container, as both railways and highways determine the maximum height for vehicles to travel; a greater usable height provides greater cargo volume, consequently more economical logistics.
[013] Os containers, tanto na versão anterior, como na invenção proposta, têm obrigatoriamente eixos da articulação central coincidentes e paralelos aos eixos de articulação do spreader pantográfico que os aciona, mantendo a correta geometria nos movimentos de abertura e fechamento do container. Na versão anterior, com articulação unitária, a acomodação do pino central de travamento do spreader utiliza uma caixa sobreposta ao eixo de articulação do container. Todos os seis pontos de atracação dos pinos de travamento do spreader, que obrigatoriamente são complanares, ficam mais altos que a borda superior do container, reduzindo o volume de carga. Na invenção, a articulação dupla permite que o pino central de travamento do spreader fique acomodado entre os dois eixos de articulação. Neste caso, os seis pontos de atracação dos pinos de travamento do spreader ficam no mesmo nível da borda do container, com aproveitamento total da altura e
consequentemente maior volume de carga. [013] The containers, both in the previous version and in the proposed invention, must have central articulation axes coinciding with and parallel to the articulation axes of the pantographic spreader that drives them, maintaining the correct geometry in the opening and closing movements of the container. In the previous version, with unitary articulation, the accommodation of the spreader's central locking pin uses a box superimposed on the container's articulation axis. All six mooring points for the spreader locking pins, which must be coplanar, are higher than the upper edge of the container, reducing the cargo volume. In the invention, the double articulation allows the spreader's central locking pin to be accommodated between the two articulation axes. In this case, the six docking points for the spreader locking pins are at the same level as the edge of the container, making full use of the height and consequently greater cargo volume.
[014] Outra inovação se dá na atuação dos cilindros hidráulicos, que tanto na versão anterior, como na invenção, são empregados no spreader cilindros de pistão de haste simples de dupla ação, atuando nos movimentos de abertura e fechamento dos containers. Nos cilindros de pistão de dupla ação, o fluido sob pressão pode ser aplicado em qualquer lado do pistão e assim empregar força a fim de fornecer movimento tanto para abertura, como para fechamento dos containers. [014] Another innovation occurs in the performance of the hydraulic cylinders, which in both the previous version and the invention, double-acting single-rod piston cylinders are used in the spreader, acting in the opening and closing movements of the containers. In double-acting piston cylinders, fluid under pressure can be applied to either side of the piston and thus employ force to provide movement for both opening and closing the containers.
[015] A força máxima de um cilindro hidráulico é função da área efetiva do êmbolo e da pressão máxima admissível. Nos cilindros de haste simples de dupla ação, a força de extensão da haste é maior que a de retração, já que a área efetiva do lado do êmbolo é maior que a área efetiva do lado da haste. Isto porque a área efetiva do lado da haste é a área do êmbolo, subtraída a área da seção circular da haste. [016] A velocidade de deslocamento da haste é função da vazão do fluido e da área efetiva do êmbolo. A velocidade é inversamente proporcional à área, ou seja, quanto maior área, menor velocidade. Nos cilindros de haste simples de dupla ação, como a área efetiva do lado da haste é menor, a velocidade de retração é maior que a de extensão. Este cilindro é conhecido como um cilindro atuador desbalanceado, pois existe uma diferença entre as áreas efetivas de trabalho em ambos os lados do pistão. Assim sendo, este tipo de cilindro é normalmente instalado a fim de que o lado de extensão do pistão carregue a carga maior. [015] The maximum force of a hydraulic cylinder is a function of the effective area of the piston and the maximum allowable pressure. In double-acting single-rod cylinders, the rod extension force is greater than the retraction force, since the effective area on the piston side is greater than the effective area on the rod side. This is because the effective area on the rod side is the area of the piston, subtracting the area of the circular section of the rod. [016] The rod displacement speed is a function of the fluid flow rate and the effective area of the piston. Speed is inversely proportional to area, that is, the larger the area, the lower the speed. In double-acting single-rod cylinders, as the effective area on the rod side is smaller, the retraction speed is greater than the extension speed. This cylinder is known as an unbalanced actuator cylinder, as there is a difference between the effective working areas on both sides of the piston. Therefore, this type of cylinder is normally installed so that the extension side of the piston carries the greater load.
[017] O movimento de abertura do container exige maior força, pois este movimento é executado com o container carregado. Já o movimento de fechamento é executado com o container vazio. É conveniente que o movimento de abertura do container seja executado em velocidade menor, de forma a minimizar o impacto da queda protegendo o produto de degradação. Já o movimento de fechamento deve ser o mais rápido possível, minimizando o tempo do ciclo total da operação. Na versão anterior, o movimento de abertura do container, que exige maior força, é executado a partir da retração da haste, produzindo menor força com maior velocidade, enquanto o movimento de fechamento é executado a partir da extensão
da haste, produzindo maior força com menor velocidade. [017] The container opening movement requires greater force, as this movement is carried out with the container loaded. The closing movement is carried out with the container empty. It is advisable that the container opening movement is carried out at a slower speed, in order to minimize the impact of falling, protecting the product from degradation. The closing movement must be as quick as possible, minimizing the total operation cycle time. In the previous version, the opening movement of the container, which requires greater force, is performed by retracting the rod, producing less force with greater speed, while the closing movement is performed by extending it of the rod, producing greater force with lower speed.
[018] Na invenção, o movimento de abertura do container, que exige maior força, é executado a partir da extensão da haste, produzindo maior força, com menor velocidade; enquanto o movimento de fechamento é executado a partir da retração da haste, produzindo menor força com mais velocidade. A versão anterior apresenta cilindros telescópicos, que contam com duas ou mais hastes, uma dentro da outra; sendo mais caros e exigindo manutenções mais frequentes, com custos maiores. [018] In the invention, the container opening movement, which requires greater force, is performed by extending the rod, producing greater force, with lower speed; while the closing movement is performed by retracting the rod, producing less force with more speed. The previous version features telescopic cylinders, which have two or more rods, one inside the other; being more expensive and requiring more frequent maintenance, with higher costs.
Descrição dos desenhos anexos Description of attached drawings
[017] A fim de que o presente invento seja plenamente compreendido e levado à prática por qualquer técnico deste setor tecnológico, será descrito de forma clara, concisa e suficiente, tendo como base os desenhos anexos, que o ilustram e subsidiam abaixo listados: [017] In order for the present invention to be fully understood and put into practice by any technician in this technological sector, it will be described in a clear, concise and sufficient manner, based on the attached drawings, which illustrate and support it listed below:
Figura 1 representa uma vista em perspectiva do container basculante na posição fechada com o spreader basculante acoplado; Figure 1 represents a perspective view of the tipping container in the closed position with the tipping spreader attached;
Figura 2 representa uma vista lateral do container basculante na posição fechada com o spreader basculante acoplado; Figure 2 represents a side view of the tipping container in the closed position with the tipping spreader attached;
Figura 3 representa uma vista frontal do container basculante na posição fechada com o spreader basculante acoplado; Figure 3 represents a front view of the tipping container in the closed position with the tipping spreader attached;
Figura 4 representa uma vista em perspectiva do container basculante com o spreader basculante acoplado, na posição de abertura dos dois semi-containers para descarga; Figure 4 represents a perspective view of the tipping container with the tipping spreader attached, in the opening position of the two semi-containers for unloading;
Figura 5 representa uma vista lateral do container basculante com o spreader basculante acoplado, na posição de abertura dos dois semi-containers para descarga; Figure 5 represents a side view of the tipping container with the tipping spreader attached, in the opening position of the two semi-containers for unloading;
Figura 6 representa uma vista em perspectiva do container basculante na posição fechada; Figure 6 represents a perspective view of the tipping container in the closed position;
Figura 7 representa uma vista em perspectiva do container basculante na posição de abertura dos dois semi-containers para descarga; Figure 7 represents a perspective view of the tipping container in the opening position of the two semi-containers for unloading;
Figura 8 representa uma vista em perspectiva do spreader basculante com seus
quadros na posição horizontal, para se acoplar ao container basculante; Figure 8 represents a perspective view of the tilting spreader with its frames in a horizontal position, to be attached to the tipping container;
Figura 9 representa uma vista em perspectiva do spreader basculante com seus dois braços horizontais suspensos ou recolhidos, o que acontece quando o mesmo é suspendido para abrir o container basculante; Figure 9 represents a perspective view of the tipping spreader with its two horizontal arms suspended or retracted, which happens when it is suspended to open the tipping container;
Figura 10 representa uma vista lateral da articulação central dos semi-containers. Figure 10 represents a side view of the central articulation of the semi-containers.
Descrição detalhada da invenção Detailed description of the invention
[019] De forma geral, a invenção compreende um conjunto (1 ) de “spreader” e “containers” basculantes para logística de granéis que é composta de container basculante (12) dotado de dois semi-containers (12A)(12B) e “spreader” basculante (2), que possui um quadro vertical (2A) em cuja barra superior (2B) são fixados os olhais (3) e as guias de deslizamento (4) preferentemente soldadas às bases (BS), cujas guias (4) são sustentadas por reforços (Q), formando uma estrutura rígida reforçada por chapas e tubos de aço que interligam as duas guias de deslizamento (4); e entre a barra superior (2B) e as bases (BS) dispõem-se de cilindros verticais de haste simples de dupla ação (C). [019] In general, the invention comprises a set (1) of “spreader” and tipping “containers” for bulk logistics, which is composed of a tipping container (12) equipped with two semi-containers (12A)(12B) and tilting “spreader” (2), which has a vertical frame (2A) on whose upper bar (2B) the eyelets (3) and sliding guides (4) are fixed, preferably welded to the bases (BS), whose guides (4 ) are supported by reinforcements (Q), forming a rigid structure reinforced by steel plates and tubes that interconnect the two sliding guides (4); and between the upper bar (2B) and the bases (BS) there are vertical cylinders with a single double-acting rod (C).
[020] Apresenta-se opcionalmente uma barra de reforço central (BR) montada nas peças de acoplamento para “locker” (9A) projetadas para engate e desengate, dispostas na parte central superior do container basculante (12), no ponto de movimentação dos dois semi-containers (12A)(12B). [020] There is optionally a central reinforcement bar (BR) mounted on the locker coupling parts (9A) designed for coupling and uncoupling, arranged in the upper central part of the tipping container (12), at the point of movement of the two semi-containers (12A)(12B).
[021 ] Tem-se dois quadros horizontais (2D) formados pelas quatro barras (6) e duas barras (7) dispostas horizontalmente, que contém quatro pinos (AB) acoplados as bases (BS), dois de cada lado, em torno dos quais acontecem os movimentos basculantes dos dois quadros horizontais (2D). [021] There are two horizontal frames (2D) formed by four bars (6) and two bars (7) arranged horizontally, which contain four pins (AB) coupled to the bases (BS), two on each side, around the which the tilting movements of the two horizontal frames (2D) take place.
[022] As barras horizontais (6) se conectam na parte frontal dos quadros horizontais (2D) com as duas barras frontais horizontais (7) que contém, em suas quatro extremidades, dois pares de “lockers” (8) do formato container, que permitem engatar e desengatar dos respectivos “corner casting” (13) colocados nas quatro barras verticais e frontais (13A) do container basculante (12). Além disso, existem ainda dois “lockers” (não ilustrados) posicionados nas bases (BS) para o acoplamento no par de peças (9A).
[023] Apresenta-se ainda os dois semi-containers (12A)(12B) suspensos e abertos para descarga pela ação dos cilindros (C) do “spreader” basculante (2), tendo em destaque a atuação das barras (6), articuladas pelos pinos (AB), necessárias para conectar a parte central do spreader às barras (7); este abaixamento do centro de gravidade, conjugado com a ação dos cilindros hidráulicos (C) e as hastes de articulação (A), impede deslocamentos horizontais entre as peças do referido conjunto, essenciais para o perfeito funcionamento do conjunto. [022] The horizontal bars (6) connect on the front part of the horizontal frames (2D) with the two horizontal front bars (7) which contain, at their four ends, two pairs of container format “lockers” (8), which allow coupling and disengaging of the respective “corner casting” (13) placed on the four vertical and front bars (13A) of the tipping container (12). Furthermore, there are also two “lockers” (not illustrated) positioned on the bases (BS) for coupling to the pair of parts (9A). [023] Also shown are the two semi-containers (12A)(12B) suspended and opened for unloading by the action of the cylinders (C) of the tilting “spreader” (2), highlighting the action of the bars (6), articulated by pins (AB), necessary to connect the central part of the spreader to the bars (7); This lowering of the center of gravity, combined with the action of the hydraulic cylinders (C) and the articulation rods (A), prevents horizontal displacements between the parts of the set, essential for the perfect functioning of the set.
[024] O “spreader” basculante (2) dispõe de quadro vertical (2A), em cuja barra superior (2B) são fixados ganchos de suspensão nos olhais (3), e por meio de membros de união (1 1 A) acoplam as hastes (A), que acionam os quadros horizontais (2D) através das articulações (AR), fixadas às barras (6) dos quadros horizontais (2D) por membros de união (1 1 B). [024] The tilting “spreader” (2) has a vertical frame (2A), on whose upper bar (2B) suspension hooks are fixed to the eyelets (3), and by means of union members (1 1 A) they couple the rods (A), which activate the horizontal frames (2D) through the joints (AR), fixed to the bars (6) of the horizontal frames (2D) by union members (1 1 B).
[025] O “spreader” basculante (2) é composto de bases (BS) nas laterais, onde as barras (6) são acopladas por pinos (AB), concêntricos aos pinos (CD) que interligam os containers (12A)(12B), de tal forma que possam efetuar a movimentação de fechamento, e abertura dos quadros (2D) na posição horizontal. E o par de peças de acoplamento (9A) permite o encaixe do “spreader (2)” através dos “lockers” posicionados nas bases (BS). Não é necessário o uso de trabalho manual para o acoplamento entre “spreader” basculante (2) e containers basculantes (12), gerando assim economia de tempo operacional e eliminação de operação manual de grande risco de acidentes de trabalho. [025] The tilting “spreader” (2) is composed of bases (BS) on the sides, where the bars (6) are coupled by pins (AB), concentric to the pins (CD) that interconnect the containers (12A)(12B ), in such a way that they can carry out the movement of closing and opening the frames (2D) in a horizontal position. And the pair of coupling pieces (9A) allows the “spreader (2)” to fit through the “lockers” positioned on the bases (BS). It is not necessary to use manual work for the coupling between the tipping “spreader” (2) and tipping containers (12), thus generating operational time savings and eliminating manual operations that pose a high risk of workplace accidents.
[026] É importante salientar que as figuras e descrição realizadas não possuem o condão de limitar as formas de execução do conceito inventivo ora proposto, mas sim de ilustrar e tornar compreensíveis as inovações conceituais reveladas nesta solução. Desse modo, as descrições e imagens devem ser interpretadas de forma ilustrativa e não limitativa, podendo existir outras formas equivalentes ou análogas de implementação do conceito inventivo ora revelado e que não fujam do espectro de proteção delineado na solução proposta.
[026] It is important to highlight that the figures and description made do not have the power to limit the ways of implementing the inventive concept now proposed, but rather to illustrate and make understandable the conceptual innovations revealed in this solution. Therefore, the descriptions and images must be interpreted in an illustrative and non-limiting way, and there may be other equivalent or analogous ways of implementing the inventive concept now revealed and which do not deviate from the spectrum of protection outlined in the proposed solution.
Claims
REIVINDICAÇÕES
1- APERFEIÇOAMENTO EM CONJUNTO DE “SPREADER” E “CONTAINERS” BASCULANTES PARA LOGÍSTICA DE GRANÉIS, com container basculante (12) composto por dois semi-containers (12A)(12B) e “spreader” basculante (2), que possui um quadro vertical (2A) em cuja barra superior (2B) são fixados os olhais (3) e os guias de deslizamento (4), dispondo de dois quadros horizontais (2D) formados pelas quatro barras (6) de engate e soldadas às barras frontais (7), que contém “lockers” (8); quatro “corner casting” (13) colocados nas extremidades dos topos de suas quatro barras verticais (13A) destinados a alojar os referidos “lockers” (8), e ainda caracterizado por as guias (4) serem preferentemente soldadas às bases (BS) e sustentadas por reforços (Q), e entre a barra superior (2B) e as bases (BS) dispor de cilindros verticais de haste simples de dupla ação (C); nas quatro barras (6) conter quatro pinos (AB) acoplados as bases (BS), dois de cada lado, concêntricos aos pinos (CD) que interligam os containers (12A)(12B), em torno dos quais acontecem os movimentos basculantes dos dois quadros horizontais (2D); o “spreader” basculante (2) dispor de quadro vertical (2A), em cuja barra superior (2B) são fixados por membros de união (1 1 A) acoplados as hastes (A), que acionam os quadros horizontais (2D) através das articulações (AR), fixadas às barras (6) dos quadros horizontais (2D) pelos membros de união (1 1 B); e dispor de dois “lockers” posicionados nas bases (BS) para o acoplamento no par de peças (9A). 1- IMPROVEMENT IN A JOINT OF “SPREADER” AND TIPPING “CONTAINERS” FOR BULK LOGISTICS, with a tilting container (12) composed of two semi-containers (12A)(12B) and a tilting “spreader” (2), which has a frame vertical (2A) to whose upper bar (2B) the eyelets (3) and sliding guides (4) are fixed, with two horizontal frames (2D) formed by the four coupling bars (6) and welded to the front bars ( 7), which contains “lockers” (8); four “corner casting” (13) placed at the ends of the tops of its four vertical bars (13A) intended to house said “lockers” (8), and further characterized in that the guides (4) are preferably welded to the bases (BS) and supported by reinforcements (Q), and between the upper bar (2B) and the bases (BS) there are vertical cylinders with a single double-acting rod (C); the four bars (6) contain four pins (AB) coupled to the bases (BS), two on each side, concentric to the pins (CD) that interconnect the containers (12A)(12B), around which the tilting movements of the two horizontal frames (2D); the tilting “spreader” (2) has a vertical frame (2A), on whose upper bar (2B) are fixed by union members (1 1 A) coupled to rods (A), which activate the horizontal frames (2D) through of the joints (AR), fixed to the bars (6) of the horizontal frames (2D) by the joining members (1 1 B); and have two “lockers” positioned on the bases (BS) for coupling to the pair of parts (9A).
2- APERFEIÇOAMENTO EM CONJUNTO DE “SPREADER” E “CONTAINERS” BASCULANTES PARA LOGÍSTICA DE GRANÉIS, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , e caracterizado por opcionalmente dispor de barra de reforço (BR) montada nas peças de acoplamento (9A) dispostas na parte central superior do container basculante (12), no ponto de movimentação dos dois semi- containers (12A)(12B).
2- JOINT IMPROVEMENT OF “SPREADER” AND TIPPING “CONTAINERS” FOR BULK LOGISTICS, according to claim 1, and characterized by optionally having a reinforcement bar (BR) mounted on the coupling parts (9A) arranged in the central part top of the tipping container (12), at the point of movement of the two semi-containers (12A)(12B).
Priority Applications (1)
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PCT/BR2022/050326 WO2024040312A1 (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2022-08-22 | Improvement of a tipping spreader and container assembly for bulk logistics |
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PCT/BR2022/050326 WO2024040312A1 (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2022-08-22 | Improvement of a tipping spreader and container assembly for bulk logistics |
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BR102017012884A2 (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-01-15 | Luiz Armando Carneiro | bulk logistics tipper spreader and container set |
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BR102017012884A2 (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-01-15 | Luiz Armando Carneiro | bulk logistics tipper spreader and container set |
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