WO2024037266A1 - 为电动工具提供电力的电池包 - Google Patents

为电动工具提供电力的电池包 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024037266A1
WO2024037266A1 PCT/CN2023/107735 CN2023107735W WO2024037266A1 WO 2024037266 A1 WO2024037266 A1 WO 2024037266A1 CN 2023107735 W CN2023107735 W CN 2023107735W WO 2024037266 A1 WO2024037266 A1 WO 2024037266A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery unit
battery pack
unit
power
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PCT/CN2023/107735
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐国放
Original Assignee
南京泉峰科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2024037266A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024037266A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04Construction or manufacture in general
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/247Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for portable devices, e.g. mobile phones, computers, hand tools or pacemakers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/296Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by terminals of battery packs
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to an energy storage device, and in particular to a battery pack that provides power for electric tools.
  • the battery pack is also required to have higher output characteristics.
  • the power density, energy density, lifespan and other performance of battery packs there are increasingly higher requirements for the power density, energy density, lifespan and other performance of battery packs.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a battery pack with better output performance.
  • a battery pack that provides power for electric tools including: a casing; at least one first battery unit, which is disposed inside the casing and supported by the casing, and the first battery unit has a first capacity and a third battery unit.
  • a battery pack for providing power to an electric tool including: a housing detachably installed to the electric tool; at least one first battery unit disposed inside the housing and supported by the housing, the The first battery unit has a first power density; at least one second battery unit is disposed inside the housing and supported by the housing, the second battery unit has a second power density, the second power density
  • the ratio to the first power density is greater than or equal to 2;
  • a terminal assembly is electrically connected to the first battery unit and the second battery unit to transfer power from the first battery unit and the second battery unit transmitted to the power tool.
  • a battery pack for providing power to an electric tool including: a housing detachably installed to the electric tool; at least one first battery unit disposed inside the housing and supported by the housing, the The first battery unit has a first energy density; at least one second battery unit is disposed inside the housing and supported by the housing, the second battery unit has a second energy density, and the second energy density
  • the ratio to the first energy density is greater than or equal to 1.5;
  • a terminal assembly is electrically connected to the first battery unit and the second battery unit to transfer power from the first battery unit and the second battery unit transmitted to the power tool.
  • a battery pack that provides power for electric tools, including: a casing; at least one first battery unit, which is disposed inside the casing and supported by the casing; the first battery unit is a capacitor battery; at least one A second battery unit is disposed inside the housing and supported by the housing.
  • the second battery unit has chemical properties different from the first battery unit; a terminal assembly is connected to the first battery unit and the first battery unit.
  • the second battery unit is electrically connected to transfer power from the first battery unit and the second battery unit to the power tool.
  • a battery pack that provides power for electric tools, including: a casing; a plurality of first battery units arranged inside the casing and supported by the casing, the first battery units being sodium-ion batteries; and multiple first battery units.
  • a second battery unit disposed inside the housing and supported by the housing, the second battery unit having chemical properties different from the first battery unit; a terminal assembly connected to the first battery unit and The second battery unit is electrically connected to transfer power from the first battery unit and the second battery unit to the power tool.
  • a battery pack that provides power for electric tools including: a casing; a plurality of first battery units arranged inside the casing and supported by the casing, where the first battery units are lithium iron phosphate batteries; A plurality of second battery cells are disposed inside the casing and supported by the casing. The chemical properties of the second battery cells are different from those of the first battery cells.
  • the second battery cells and the third battery cells are The minimum distance between a battery unit is greater than or equal to 1 mm; a terminal assembly is electrically connected to the first battery unit and the second battery unit to transmit power from the first battery unit and the second battery unit to the power tool.
  • a battery pack for providing power to an electric tool including: a housing detachably installed to the electric tool; at least one first battery unit disposed inside the housing and supported by the housing, the The first battery unit has a first capacity; at least one second battery unit is disposed inside the housing and supported by the housing, the second battery unit has a second capacity, the first capacity is less than the a second capacity; a terminal assembly electrically connected to the first battery unit and the second battery unit to transfer power from the first battery unit and the second battery unit to the power tool; the The battery pack further includes a controller configured to cut off power supply to the second battery unit according to operating parameters of the first battery unit.
  • a battery pack for providing power to an electric tool including: a housing detachably installed to the electric tool; a first branch, the first branch including a plurality of first battery units, the plurality of third battery units A battery unit is disposed inside the casing and supported by the casing; a second branch includes a plurality of second battery units, and the plurality of second battery units are disposed in the casing. Inside the body and supported by the casing, at least one operating characteristic parameter of the first battery unit is different from that of the second battery unit; a terminal assembly is electrically connected to the first branch and the second branch.
  • the first branch further includes a first switching circuit
  • the second branch further includes a second Switch circuit
  • the battery pack further includes a controller configured to control on/off of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit according to the operating characteristic parameters.
  • a battery pack that provides power for electric tools, including: a casing; at least one first battery unit, which is disposed inside the casing and supported by the casing, and the electrolyte of the first battery unit is a liquid; at least A second battery unit is disposed inside the housing and supported by the housing. The electrolyte of the second battery unit is solid; a terminal assembly is electrically connected to the first battery unit and the second battery unit. connected to transmit electrical energy from the first battery unit and the second battery unit to the electric tool; characterized in that the power density of the first battery unit is greater than the power density of the second battery unit, And the energy density of the second battery unit is greater than the energy density of the first battery unit.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment
  • Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of a battery unit according to an embodiment
  • Figure 2b is a schematic diagram of electrical connections of a battery unit according to an embodiment
  • Figure 2c is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of a battery unit according to an embodiment
  • Figure 3a is a schematic diagram of battery unit discharge with a voltage platform according to an embodiment
  • Figure 3b is a schematic diagram of battery unit discharge of a voltage-free platform according to an embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of battery branch circuit control according to an embodiment
  • Figure 5a is a schematic diagram of the battery unit arrangement according to an embodiment
  • Figure 5b is a schematic diagram of the battery unit arrangement according to an embodiment
  • Figure 5c is a schematic diagram of the battery unit arrangement according to an embodiment
  • Figure 5d is a schematic diagram of the battery unit arrangement according to an embodiment.
  • the battery pack 100 shown in FIG. 1 serves as an energy storage device that can store electrical energy to power electronic devices.
  • the electronic equipment may include large-scale outdoor walking equipment, such as riding lawn mowers, snowplows, etc.; the electronic equipment may also include some energy conversion devices, such as adapters or inverters, which can convert the battery pack 100 into The output electric energy is converted to power other small power tools, such as handheld power tools, and can also power some household electrical equipment, such as lamps, mosquito killer equipment, fans, mobile phones, computers, and other daily electrical equipment.
  • This application does not limit the shape of the battery pack 100.
  • the battery pack 100 may be in the shape shown in FIG. 1, or may be similar to a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, or other three-dimensional structures.
  • the battery pack 100 has a housing 10, and a terminal assembly 101 is provided on the housing 10, which can be connected to the terminals on the electric tool, charger, or adapter to output the electric energy stored in the battery pack 100 to the electric tool. , or use a charger to charge the battery pack 100.
  • the terminal assembly may include a positive terminal, a negative terminal, and a communication terminal.
  • the terminal assembly 101 is electrically connected to the battery unit in the battery pack 100, so that the power stored in the battery unit can be transmitted to the electric tool connected thereto, or the power transmitted by the charger can be transmitted to the battery unit.
  • the battery unit is charged.
  • a battery unit may include a battery core.
  • the battery units in the battery pack 100 may include at least a first battery unit 21 and a second battery unit 22 .
  • the first battery unit 21 may be connected in series with the second battery unit 22.
  • the first battery unit 21 is connected in series to form a first branch 211
  • the second battery unit 22 is connected in series to form a second branch 221.
  • the first branch 211 and the second branch are 221 connected in parallel.
  • the first battery unit 21 and the second battery unit 22 may be connected in parallel and then in series.
  • other types of electrical connection methods may also exist between the two battery units, which are not listed here.
  • the first battery unit 21 and the second battery unit 22 may be two completely different battery cells, or two battery cells with the same partial characteristics.
  • the first battery unit 21 may have a first capacity and a first cycle life
  • the second battery unit 22 may have a second capacity and a second cycle life.
  • the so-called cycle life may be when the battery unit maintains a certain capacity output.
  • the number of charge and discharge cycles that can be performed under certain conditions can also be called the service life of the battery.
  • the first capacity is different from the second capacity
  • the first cycle life is different from the second cycle life.
  • the first cycle life is greater than the second cycle life and the first capacity is less than the second capacity.
  • the ratio of the first cycle life to the second cycle life is greater than or equal to 2, and the ratio of the first capacity to the second capacity is less than or equal to 0.8. That is to say, the first battery unit 21 has a long service life but a slightly lower capacity, and the second battery unit 22 has a short service life but a larger capacity.
  • the first battery unit 21 may be a lithium iron phosphate battery
  • the second battery unit 22 may be a ternary lithium battery.
  • the difference between the actual power of the second battery unit 22 and the first battery unit 21 is greater than zero and less than or equal to the difference between the two rated capacities.
  • the rated capacity refers to the power of the battery unit when it is fully charged, and its unit is Ah or mAh.
  • the difference between the actual capacities of the second battery unit 22 and the first battery unit 21 is greater than zero and less than or equal to half of the difference between the two rated capacities.
  • the actual power of the second battery unit 22 is greater than zero, and the actual power of the first battery unit 21 is greater than zero. In one embodiment, when two types of battery units are used to assemble a battery pack, when the actual power of the first battery unit 21 is the rated capacity, the actual power of the second battery unit 22 is greater than the rated capacity of the first battery unit 21 .
  • the controller 23 can calculate the Soc of the first battery unit 21 according to the state of charge Soc of the second battery unit 22 . For example, when two battery units are discharged in series, the changes in Soc or ⁇ Soc of the two battery units are consistent, so that the Soc of one battery unit can be obtained based on the Soc mapping of the other battery unit.
  • the state of charge of the first battery unit 21 is Soc1
  • the state of charge of the second battery unit 22 is Soc2.
  • the change amount ⁇ Soc of the second battery unit 22's state of charge can be calculated. Since the first battery unit 21 and the second battery unit 22 have the same ⁇ Soc during the discharge process, the charge of the first battery unit 21 at this moment can be obtained.
  • the status is Soc1- ⁇ Soc.
  • the first battery unit 21 has a discharge voltage platform
  • the second battery unit 22 does not have a discharge voltage platform. That is to say, during the discharge process of the battery pack, the discharge voltage of the first battery unit 21 is almost unchanged, while the discharge voltage of the second battery unit 22 changes significantly. Therefore, the Soc or ⁇ Soc of the second battery unit 22 can be determined according to the change in voltage of the second battery unit 22 during the discharge process, and further the Soc of the first battery unit can be determined.
  • the second battery unit 22 may not be fully charged during the charging process, or may not be fully discharged during the discharging process. Specifically, when the battery pack 100 ends discharging, the remaining power of the second battery unit 22 is greater than or equal to 30% of its full power; or when the battery pack 100 ends charging, the remaining power of the second battery unit 22 is less than or equal to its full power. 90% of full charge.
  • the service life of the second battery unit 22 can be effectively improved, so that the cycle life of the second battery unit 22 and the first battery unit 21 are basically the same, thereby increasing the service life of the entire battery pack 100 .
  • the battery pack 100 may also include a controller 23 and some parameter detection devices, such as a voltage detection device (not shown), a current detection device (not shown) or a temperature detection device 24 Or voltage detection device 25, etc.
  • the controller 23 can obtain the parameters detected by the parameter detection device, and control the charging and discharging states of the first battery unit 21 and the second battery unit 22 accordingly.
  • the controller 23 can detect the temperature of the first battery unit 21 or the second battery unit 22 , or the ambient temperature where the battery pack 100 is located or the temperature within the battery pack 100 through the temperature detection device 24 .
  • a first switch circuit 2111 is provided between the terminal assembly 101 and the first branch 211
  • a second switch circuit 2211 is provided between the second branch 221 and the terminal assembly 101.
  • Control The device 23 can control the on-off state of the first switch circuit 2111 and the second switch circuit 2211. That is to say, the controller 23 can control the charging and discharging states of the first branch 211 and the second branch 221.
  • the controller 23 can control the first branch 211 to discharge or charge alone, and can also control the second branch 211 to independently discharge or charge. Charging or discharging, or two branches can be controlled to charge or discharge at the same time.
  • the first switch circuit 2111 and the second switch circuit 2211 may be controllable switches such as power switching elements or semiconductor switching elements.
  • the first battery unit 21 may have a first power density
  • the second battery unit 22 may have a second power density.
  • the ratio of the second power density to the first power density is greater than or equal to 2.
  • the first battery unit 21 may be a ternary lithium battery or a liquid electrolyte battery
  • the second battery unit 22 may be a capacitor battery, a sodium-ion battery, a solid-state battery, or the like.
  • the discharge rate of the second battery unit 22 is greater than or equal to 5C.
  • the controller 23 may select the battery unit that supplies power according to the tool parameters of the electric tool or the working conditions of the tool.
  • the controller 23 can control the second switch circuit 2211 to be turned on and the first switch circuit 2111 to be turned off. , so that the second branch 221 is discharged. That is, when the battery pack requires high-power discharge, the second battery unit 22 with high power density can be used first to discharge.
  • the high-power discharge is related to the rated voltage of the battery pack. Under different rated voltages, the discharge power that the battery pack can withstand is different. For example, when the rated voltage of the battery pack is 56V, the output power of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1000W. It can be regarded as high power output. When the rated voltage of the battery pack is 20V, the output power of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 300W and can be regarded as high power output.
  • the temperature characteristics of the second battery unit 22 are better, while the temperature characteristics of the first battery unit 22 are slightly worse.
  • the temperature characteristics may include the lowest temperature at which the battery unit can work normally, and the temperature range in which the battery unit can work normally. wait.
  • the operating temperature range of the second battery unit 22 may be -40°C to 80°C
  • the operating temperature range of the first battery unit 21 may be -20°C to 55°C.
  • the temperature detection device 24 can detect the ambient temperature in which the battery pack 100 operates, which may specifically include the temperature of the surface of each component in the battery pack or the temperature of the component itself or the temperature of the battery unit.
  • the controller 23 can control the on/off of the first switch circuit 2111 or the second switch circuit 2211 according to the temperature detected by the temperature detection device 24 .
  • the controller 23 can control the second switch circuit 2211 to turn on, and control the first switch circuit 2111 to turn off, so that the second branch 221 discharges.
  • the preset temperature range may be -40°C to 0°C. That is to say, when the temperature of the battery pack 100 is low, the controller 23 can select the second battery unit 22 with better low-temperature characteristics to provide power.
  • heat is generated during the discharge of the second battery unit 22 in a low-temperature environment, and this heat can preheat the first battery unit 21 with poor low-temperature characteristics.
  • the controller 23 detects that the temperature is higher than the preset temperature range, it can control the first switch circuit 2111 to be turned on, so that the battery pack 100 uses two battery units to supply power at the same time.
  • the first battery units 21 and the second battery units 22 inside the battery pack 100 can be arranged in a staggered manner or surrounded by them.
  • the encircling arrangement may be that the second battery unit 22 surrounds the first battery unit 21 to form an enclosing arrangement, thereby ensuring that the heat released by the second battery unit 22 can preheat the first battery unit 21 more efficiently.
  • the arrangement of the battery units is related to the shape of the battery units.
  • the staggered arrangement and the surrounding arrangement can be used, as shown in Figure 5a and Figure 5b, and the battery units When it is a square battery, the staggered arrangement and the surrounding arrangement are shown in Figure 5c and Figure 5d.
  • the number ratio of the second battery unit 22 and the first battery unit 21 is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1; when the second battery unit 22 and the first battery unit are arranged in an encircling manner, The ratio of the number of battery cells 21 is greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1.
  • the two types of battery units may also have a staggered arrangement or a surrounding arrangement that is not due to preheating reasons, or other arrangements that can reduce the overall volume of the battery pack.
  • the first battery unit 21 may have a first energy density
  • the second battery unit 22 may have a second energy density
  • the ratio of the second energy density to the first energy density is greater than or equal to 1.5. That is, the second battery unit 22 has high energy density characteristics.
  • the second battery unit 22 may be a ternary lithium battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, a sodium ion battery or other batteries with high energy density.
  • the first battery unit 21 and the second battery unit 22 may be connected in parallel or in series.
  • the first battery unit 21 is a capacitive battery
  • the second battery unit 22 has chemical properties different from those of the first battery unit 21 .
  • the second battery unit 22 may be a lithium battery.
  • the discharge rate of the second battery unit 22 is less than or equal to 5C.
  • the controller 23 may select the battery unit that supplies power according to the tool parameters of the electric tool or the working conditions of the tool. For example, when the battery pack 100 obtains the communication data of the power tool through the terminal assembly 101 and determines that the power tool needs to operate at a high current, the controller 23 can control the first switch circuit 2111 to be turned on and the second switch circuit 2211 to be turned off. Open to discharge the first branch 211. That is, when the battery pack requires large current discharge, capacitor battery discharge can be used first.
  • the first battery cell 21 is a sodium-ion battery
  • the chemistry of the second battery cell 22 is different from the chemistry of the first battery cell 21 .
  • the number of first battery cells 21 is greater than the number of second battery cells 22 .
  • the second battery unit 22 may be a ternary lithium battery.
  • the temperature detection device 24 can detect the temperature of the battery pack, and the controller 23 can control the first switch circuit 2111 to turn on and control the second switch circuit 2211 to turn off when the temperature is within the preset temperature range.
  • the first branch 211 is discharged.
  • the preset temperature range may be -40°C to 0°C. That is to say, when the temperature of the battery pack 100 is low, the controller 23 may select a sodium-ion battery with better low-temperature characteristics to discharge.
  • the first battery unit 21 is a lithium iron phosphate battery, and the chemical properties of the second battery unit 22 are different from those of the first battery unit 21 .
  • the second battery unit 22 is a ternary lithium battery.
  • the first battery unit 21 and the second battery unit 22 may be connected in parallel or in series, or the branches formed after the two are connected in parallel are connected in series.
  • the number of first battery cells 21 is greater than the number of second battery cells 22 .
  • the first battery unit 21 and the second battery unit 22 have the same battery size. For example, they may be cylindrical batteries with the same height and diameter.
  • the two battery units can be arranged in an enclosed manner or in a staggered arrangement or any other arrangement that can reduce the overall volume of the battery pack, or that is conducive to heat dissipation, or that is conducive to preheating between batteries. Cloth method, etc.
  • the minimum distance between the first battery unit 21 and the second battery unit 22 is greater than or equal to 1 mm. That is to say, the two battery units are not placed adjacently, and there is at least 1 mm of space between them. distance.
  • the first capacity of the first battery unit 21 is smaller than the second capacity of the second battery unit 22 , and the controller 23 can cut off the power supply of the second battery unit 22 according to the operating parameters of the first battery unit 21 .
  • the first battery unit 21 and the second battery unit 22 are connected in series.
  • the controller 23 can calculate the Soc of the first battery unit 21 based on the state of charge Soc of the second battery unit 22.
  • the second battery unit 22 can be controlled to stop discharging.
  • the capacity of the second battery unit 22 is relatively large.
  • the battery pack 100 may further include a voltage detection device 25 capable of detecting the voltage of the second battery unit 22 .
  • the controller 23 may calculate the Soc of the first battery unit 21 based on the voltage of the second battery unit 22 .
  • the first battery unit 21 and the second battery unit 22 in the battery pack 100 have different working characteristic parameters, and the controller 23 can control the switching of the first switch circuit 2111 and the second switch circuit 2211 according to the above working characteristic parameters. Break.
  • the above-mentioned operating characteristic parameters may include the respective state of charge Soc, discharge power, discharge voltage, minimum operating temperature, or maximum discharge rate of the two battery units.
  • the electrolyte of the first battery unit 21 may be solid, and the electrolyte of the second battery unit 22 may be liquid.
  • the working characteristic parameter is the maximum discharge rate.
  • the second switch circuit 2211 can be controlled to be turned on, the first switch circuit 2111 to be turned off, and the second branch 221 is used to discharge.
  • the operating characteristic parameter is the minimum operating temperature. Assume that the minimum operating temperature of the first battery unit 21 is greater than the minimum operating temperature of the second battery unit 22.
  • the operating characteristic parameter is Soc.
  • the controller 23 can control the on/off of the first switch circuit 2111 and the second switch circuit 2211 according to the Soc, thereby providing the first switch circuit 2111 with the second switch circuit 2211.
  • One branch 211 and the second branch 221 perform balanced charging.
  • the electrolyte of the first battery unit 21 is a liquid, and the electrolyte of the second battery unit 22 is a solid.
  • the power density of the first battery unit 21 is greater than the power density of the second battery unit 22
  • the energy density of the first battery unit 21 is greater than the energy density of the second battery unit 22 .
  • the power density of the first battery unit 21 is greater than or equal to 250w/kg.
  • the energy density of the second battery unit 22 is greater than or equal to 400Wh/kg.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:壳体;至少一个第一电池单元,设置于壳体内部且被壳体支撑,第一电池单元具有第一容量和第一循环寿命;至少一个第二电池单元,设置于壳体内部且被壳体支撑,第二电池单元具有第二容量和第二循环寿命,第一循环寿命大于第二循环寿命且第一容量小于第二容量;端子组件,与第一电池单元和第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从第一电池单元和第二电池单元传送到电动工具。

Description

为电动工具提供电力的电池包
本申请要求在2022年08月16日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210978051.6的中国专利申请的优先权,该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及一种储能装置,具体涉及一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包。
背景技术
随着电池技术的发展,电动工具正在逐渐取代引擎工具。为了使无绳电动工具具备更好的使用效果,也要求电池包具备更高的输出特性。例如,为了实现近似于引擎工具的工作效果和续航时间,对电池包的功率密度、能量密度、寿命等性能也有越来越高的要求。
发明内容
为解决相关技术的不足,本申请的目的在于提供一种具备更好输出性能的电池包。
为了实现上述目标,本申请采用如下的技术方案:
一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:壳体;至少一个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元具有第一容量和第一循环寿命;至少一个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元具有第二容量和第二循环寿命,所述第一循环寿命大于所述第二循环寿命且所述第一容量小于所述第二容量;端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具。
一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:壳体,可拆卸地安装至所述电动工具;至少一个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元具有第一功率密度;至少一个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元具有第二功率密度,所述第二功率密度与所述第一功率密度的比值大于等于2;端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具。
一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:壳体,可拆卸地安装至所述电动工具;至少一个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元具有第一能量密度;至少一个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元具有第二能量密度,所述第二能量密度与所述第一能量密度的比值大于等于1.5;端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具。
一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:壳体;至少一个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元是电容电池;至少一个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元的化学性质不同于所述第一电池单元;端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具。
一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:壳体;多个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元是钠离子电池;多个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元的化学性质不同于所述第一电池单元;端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具。
一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:壳体;多个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元是磷酸铁锂电池;多个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元的化学性质不同于所述第一电池单元,所述第二电池单元和所述第一电池单元之间的最小距离大于等于1mm;端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具。
一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:壳体,可拆卸地安装至所述电动工具;至少一个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元具有第一容量;至少一个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元具有第二容量,所述第一容量小于所述第二容量;端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具;所述电池包还包括控制器,所述控制器被配置为根据所述第一电池单元的工作参数切断所述第二电池单元的供电。
一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:壳体,可拆卸地安装至所述电动工具;第一支路,所述第一支路包括多个第一电池单元,所述多个第一电池单元设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑;第二支路,所述第二支路包括多个第二电池单元,所述多个第二电池单元设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元与所述第二电池单元的至少一个工作特性参数不同;端子组件,与所述第一支路以及所述第二支路电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传输到所述电动工具;其中,所述第一支路还包括第一开关电路;所述第二支路还包括第二开关电路;所述电池包还包括控制器,所述控制器被配置为根据所述工作特性参数控制所述第一开关电路和所述第二开关电路的通断。
一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:壳体;至少一个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元的电解质为液体;至少一个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元的电解质为固体;端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电能从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具;其特征在于,所述第一电池单元的功率密度大于所述第二电池单元的功率密度,且所述第二电池单元的能量密度大于所述第一电池单元的能量密度。
附图说明
图1是一个实施例的电池包的立体图;
图2a是一个实施例的电池单元的电连接示意图;
图2b是一个实施例的电池单元的电连接示意图;
图2c是一个实施例的电池单元的电连接示意图;
图3a是一个实施例的有电压平台的电池单元放电示意图;
图3b是一个实施例的无电压平台的电池单元放电示意图;
图4是一个实施例的电池支路控制示意图;
图5a是一个实施例的电池单元排布示意图;
图5b是一个实施例的电池单元排布示意图;
图5c是一个实施例的电池单元排布示意图;
图5d是一个实施例的电池单元排布示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本申请作具体的介绍。
本领域技术人员应理解的是,在本申请的揭露中,术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”等指示的方位或位置关系是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,其仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此上述术语不能理解为对本申请的限制。
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本申请作具体的介绍。
如图1所示的电池包100作为一种储能装置,其能存储电能以为电子设备供电。在本实施例中,电子设备可以包括大型户外行走设备,例如骑乘式割草机、扫雪机等;电子设备也可以包括一些能量转换装置,例如适配器或者逆变器,能够将电池包100输出的电能转换后为其他小型电动工具供电,例如手持式电动工具,也可以为一些家用用电设备供电,例如灯、灭蚊设备、风扇、手机、电脑以及其他生活用电设备等。本申请对电池包100的外形不做限定,电池包100可以是图1所示的形状,也可以是类似长方体,圆柱体或者其他立体结构。
在本实施例中,电池包100具有壳体10,壳体10上设置有端子组件101能够与电动工具或者充电器或者适配器上的端子相连接,以将电池包100存储的电能输出至电动工具,或者采用充电器为电池包100充电。在一个实施例中,端子组件可以包括正极端子,负极端子以及通信端子。在本实施例中,端子组件101与电池包100内的电池单元电连接,从而使得电池单元中存储的电力能够传输至与之连接的电动工具,或者使充电器传输的电力传输至电池单元以为电池单元充电。在本实施例中,一种电池单元可以包括一种电池芯构成。
在本实施例中,电池包100中的电池单元至少可以包括第一电池单元21和第二电池单元22。在可选的实现方式中,如图2a所示第一电池单元21可以与第二电池单元22串联连接。在可选的实现方式中,如图2b所示,第一电池单元21串联形成第一支路211,第二电池单元22串联形成第二支路221,第一支路211和第二支路221并联连接。在可选的实现方式中,如图2c所示,第一电池单元21可以与第二电池单元22并联连接后再串联连接。在本实施例中,两种电池单元之间还可以存在其他类型的电连接方式,此处不再一一列举。
在本实施例中,第一电池单元21和第二电池单元22可以是两种完全不同的电池芯,或者是两种部分特性相同的电池芯。示例性的,第一电池单元21可以具有第一容量和第一循环寿命,第二电池单元22可以具有第二容量和第二循环寿命,所谓的循环寿命可以是电池单元在保持输出一定的容量的情况下所能进行的充放电循环次数,也可以称为电池的使用寿命。其中,第一容量不同于第二容量,第一循环寿命不同于第二循环寿命。在本实施例中,第一循环寿命大于第二循环寿命且第一容量小于第二容量。
在本实施例中,第一循环寿命与第二循环寿命的比值大于等于2,第一容量与第二容量的比值小于等于0.8。也就是说,第一电池单元21具有使用寿命长但容量稍低的特性,第二电池单元22的使用寿命短但容量较大。在一个实施例中,第一电池单元21可以是磷酸铁锂电池,第二电池单元22可以是三元锂电池。
在本实施例中采用所第二电池单元22和第一电池单元21构成电池包100时,对两个电池单元的实际电量有一定的要求。示例性的,第二电池单元22和第一电池单元21的实际电量的差值大于零,且小于或等于二者额定容量的差值。其中,额定容量是指电池单元满电时的电量,其单位为Ah或者mAh。在一个实施例中,第二电池单元22和第一电池单元21的实际电量的差值大于零,且小于或等于二者额定容量的差值的一半。在一个实施例中,采用两种电池单元组装电池包时,第二电池单元22的实际电量大于零,第一电池单元21的实际电量大于零。在一个实施例中,采用两种电池单元组装电池包时,第一电池单元21的实际电量为额定容量时,第二电池单元22的实际电量大于第一电池单元21额定容量。
由于,第一电池单元21与第二电池单元22之间在安装时存在实际电量差的关系,而在电池包100放电过程或者充电过程中两个电池单元的电量时同步变化的。因此,第二电池单元22和第一电池单元21之间的容量具有一个映射关系,控制器23可以根据第二电池单元22的荷电状态Soc计算第一电池单元21的Soc。示例性的,在两种电池单元串联放电时,两种电池单元的Soc或者ΔSoc的变化是一致的,从而可以根据一个电池单元的Soc映射得到另一个电池单元的Soc。例如,放电初始时,第一电池单元21的荷电状态为Soc1,第二电池单元22的荷电状态为Soc2,在放电过程中若能得到第二电池单元22在任意放电时刻的Soc,则可以计算出第二电池单元22荷电状态的变化量ΔSoc,由于第一电池单元21和第二电池单元22放电过程中具有相同的ΔSoc,因此可以得到第一电池单元21在该时刻的荷电状态为Soc1-ΔSoc。
在电池包100放电过程中,如图3a所示,第一电池单元21存在放电电压平台,图3b所示第二电池单元22不存在放电电压平台。也就是说,在电池包放电过程中,第一电池单元21的放电电压几乎不变,而第二电池单元22的放电电压存在较明显的变化。从而可以根据第二电池单元22放电过程中电压的变化确定第二电池单元22的Soc或者ΔSoc,进而可以确定第一电池单元的Soc。
在本实施例中,第二电池单元22可以在充电过程中不充满,或者放电过程中不放完。具体而言,在电池包100放电结束时,第二电池单元22的剩余电量大于或等于其满电量的30%;或者在电池包100充电结束时,第二电池单元22的电量小于或等于其满电量的90%。通过在充放电过程中浅充浅放,可以有效改善第二电池单元22的使用寿命,使得第二电池单元22和第一电池单元21的循环寿命基本一致,从而提升整个电池包100的使用寿命。
在一个实施例中,如图4所示电池包100中还可以包括控制器23和一些参数检测装置,如电压检测装置(未示出)、电流检测装置(未示出)或者温度检测装置24或者电压检测装置25等。控制器23能够获取参数检测装置检测到的参数,并据此控制第一电池单元21和第二电池单元22的充放电在状态。
在一个实施例中,控制器23可以通过温度检测装置24检测第一电池单元21或第二电池单元22的温度,或者电池包100所处的环境温度或者电池包100内的温度。
具体的,如图4所示,在端子组件101和第一支路211之间设有第一开关电路2111,在第二支路221和端子组件101之间设有第二开关电路2211,控制器23能够控制第一开关电路2111和第二开关电路2211的通断状态。也就是说,控制器23能控制第一支路211和第二支路221的充放电状态,例如控制器23能控制第一支路211单独放电或充电,也可以控制第二支路211单独充电或放电,或者可以控制两个支路同时充电或放电。其中,第一开关电路2111和第二开关电路2211可以是功率开关元件或者半导体开关元件等可控开关。
在一个实施例中,第一电池单元21可以具有第一功率密度,第二电池单元22可以具有第二功率密度。其中,第二功率密度与第一功率密度的比值大于或等于2。在本实施例中,第一电池单元21可以是三元锂电池或者液体电解质电池,第二电池单元22可以是电容电池或者钠离子电池或者固态电池等。在本实施例中,第二电池单元22的放电倍率大于或等于5C。在电池包100放电过程中,控制器23可以根据电动工具的工具参数或者工具的工作工况等选择供电的电池单元。示例性的,电池包100通过端子组件101获取到电动工具的通信数据,确定电动工具需要大功率工作时,控制器23可以控制第二开关电路2211导通,并控制第一开关电路2111断开,以使第二支路221放电。即电池包需要大功率放电时可以优先采用功率密度大的第二电池单元22放电。其中,所述为大功率放电与电池包的额定电压相关,不同额定电压下,电池包所能承受的放电功率不同,例如,电池包额定电压为56V时,电池包的输出功率大于或等于1000W可以视为大功率输出,而电池包额定电压为20V时,电池包的输出功率大于或等于300W可以视为大功率输出。
在本实施例中,第二电池单元22的温度特性较好,而第一电池单元22的温度特性稍差,其中温度特性可以包括电池单元能正常工作的最低温度,电池单元正常工作的温度范围等。例如,第二电池单元22的工作温度范围可以是-40℃至80℃,而第一电池单元21的工作温度范围可以是-20℃至55℃。在本实施例中,温度检测装置24可以检测电池包100工作的环境温度,具体可以包括电池包内各个元器件表面的温度或者元器件本身的温度或者电池单元的温度等。控制器23可以根据温度检测装置24检测到的温度控制第一开关电路2111或第二开关电路2211的通断。示例性的,控制器23可以在温度处于预设温度范围时,控制第二开关电路2211导通,并控制第一开关电路2111断开,以使第二支路221放电。其中,预设温度范围可以是-40℃至0℃。也就是说,在电池包100的温度较低时,控制器23可以选择低温特性较好的第二电池单元22供电。在本实施例中,低温环境下第二电池单元22放电过程中会产生热量,该热量能够预热低温特性较差的第一电池单元21。控制器23检测到温度高于预设温度范围时,可以控制第一开关电路2111导通,使电池包100采用两个电池单元同时供电。
为了获得更好的预热效果,如图5a至图5d所示,电池包100内部的第一电池单元21和第二电池单元22可以交错排布或者包围排布。其中,包围式排布可以是第二电池单元22包围第一电池单元21形成包围式排布,从而能保证第二电池单元22先释放的热量能够更高效的预热第一电池单元21。在本实施例中,电池单元的排布方式与电池单元的形状相关,例如电池单元为圆柱型电池时可以采用的交错排布和包围式排布如图5a和图5b所示,而电池单元为方形电池时,交错排布和包围式排布如图5c和图5d所示。在一个实施例中,两种电池单元交错排布时,第二电池单元22和第一电池单元21数量比值大于或等于0.8且小于或等于1;包围式排布时第二电池单元22和第一电池单元21数量的比值大于或等于0.6且小于1。
在可选实施例中,两种电池单元之间也可以具有不因预热原因而进行的交错式排布或者包围式排布或者其他能减小电池包整体体积的排布方式。
在一个实施例中,第一电池单元21可以具有第一能量密度,第二电池单元22可以具有第二能量密度,且第二能量密度与第一能量密度的比值大于或等于1.5。也就是说,第二电池单元22具有高能量密度的特性。在一个可选实施例中,第二电池单元22可以是三元锂电池或者磷酸铁锂电池或者钠离子电池能其他具有高能量密度的电池。在本实施例中,第一电池单元21和第二电池单元22可以是并联连接或者串联连接。
在一个实施例中,第一电池单元21为电容电池,而第二电池单元22的化学性质不同于第一电池单元21的化学性质。在一个实施例中,第二电池单元22可以是锂电池。在本实施例中,第二电池单元22的放电倍率小于或等于5C。在电池包100放电过程中,控制器23可以根据电动工具的工具参数或者工具的工作工况等选择供电的电池单元。示例性的,电池包100通过端子组件101获取到电动工具的通信数据,确定电动工具需要工作在大电流时,控制器23可以控制第一开关电路2111导通,并控制第二开关电路2211断开,以使第一支路211放电。即在电池包需要大电流放电时,可以优先采用电容电池放电。
在一个实施例中,第一电池单元21为钠离子电池,而第二电池单元22的化学性质不同于第一电池单元21的化学性质。在可选实施例中,第一电池单元21的数量大于第二电池单元22的数量。在一个实施例中,第二电池单元22可以是三元锂电池。在本实施例中,温度检测装置24可以检测电池包的温度,控制器23可以在温度处于预设温度范围时,控制第一开关电路2111导通,并控制第二开关电路2211断开,以使第一支路211放电。其中,预设温度范围可以是-40℃至0℃。也就是说,在电池包100的温度较低时,控制器23可以选择低温特性较好的钠离子电池放电。
在一个实施例中,第一电池单元21为磷酸铁锂电池,而第二电池单元22的化学性质不同于第一电池单元21的化学性质。可选实施例中,第二电池单元22为三元锂电池。第一电池单元21与第二电池单元22之间可以并联连接或者串联连接或者二者并联连接后形成的支路再串联连接。在可选实施例中,第一电池单元21的数量大于第二电池单元22的数量。在本实施例中,第一电池单元21与第二电池单元22的电池尺寸相同,例如二者可以为具有相同高度、直径的圆柱型电池。在本实施例中,两种电池单元的可以采用包围式排布或者交错时排布等其他任何能够缩小电池包整体体积的排布方式或者利于散热的排布方式或者利于电池间预热的排布方式等。在本实施例中,第一电池单元21和第二电池单元22之间的最小距离大于或等于1mm,也就是说,两种电池单元不会相邻设置,二者之间最少具有1mm的空间距离。
在一个实施例中,第一电池单元21的第一容量小于第二电池单元22的第二容量,控制器23可以根据第一电池单元21的工作参数切断第二电池单元22的供电。在本实施例中,第一电池单元21和第二电池单元22串联。示例性的,第二电池单元22的Soc与第一电池单元21的Soc之间具有一个映射关系,控制器23可以根据第二电池单元22的荷电状态Soc计算第一电池单元21的Soc,进一步可以在第一电池单元21的Soc小于设定值时,控制第二电池单元22断开放电。在本实施例中,第二电池单元22的容量较大,若直接以第二电池单元22的Soc判断是都断开第二电池单元22的供电,可能会存在小容量电池过放的情况发生,若根据小容量电池单元即第一电池单元21的Soc来控制第二电池单元22的供电是否断开,能避免电池包中小容量电池单元过放的情况发生。在可选实施例中,电池包100还可以包括电压检测装置25,电压检测装置25能够检测第二电池单元22的电压。控制器23可以根据第二电池单元22的电压计算第一电池单元21的Soc。
在一个实施例中,电池包100中第一电池单元21和第二电池单元22的工作特性参数不同,控制器23可以根据上述工作特性参数控制第一开关电路2111和第二开关电路2211的通断。上述工作特性参数可以包括两种电池单元各自的荷电状态Soc或者放电功率或者放电电压或者最低工作温度或者最大放电倍率等。在一个实施例中,第一电池单元21的电解质可以是固体,第二电池单元22的电解质可以是液体。在可选实施例中,工作特性参数为最大放电倍率,假如第一电池单元21的最大放电倍率小于第二电池单元22的最大放电倍率,当控制器23检测到工具需要的放电电流大于等于预设电流阈值时,可以控制第二开关电路2211接通,第一开关电路2111断开,采用第二支路221放电。在可选实施例中,工作特性参数为最低工作温度,假设第一电池单元21的最低工作温度大于第二电池单元22的最低工作温度,当控制器23检测到环境温度处于预设温度范围时,控制第二开关电路2211接通,第一开关电路2111断开,采用第二支路221放电。在可选实施例中,工作特性参数为Soc,当电池包100与充电器连接进行充电时,控制器23可以根据Soc控制第一开关电路2111和第二开关电路2211的通断,从而为第一支路211和第二支路221进行均衡充电。
在一个实施例中,第一电池单元21的电解质为液体,第二电池单元22的电解质为固体。且第一电池单元21的功率密度大于第二电池单元22的功率密度,第一电池单元21的能量密度大于第二电池单元22的能量密度。在本实施例中,第一电池单元21的功率密度大于或等于250w/kg。在本实施例中,第二电池单元22的能量密度大于等于400Wh/kg。
以上显示和描述了本申请的基本原理、主要特征和优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,上述实施例不以任何形式限制本申请,凡采用等同替换或等效变换的方式所获得的技术方案,均落在本申请的保护范围内。

Claims (78)

  1. 一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:
    壳体;
    至少一个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元具有第一容量和第一循环寿命;
    至少一个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元具有第二容量和第二循环寿命,所述第一循环寿命大于所述第二循环寿命且所述第一容量小于所述第二容量;
    端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元与所述第二电池单元串联。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包,其中,所述第一循环寿命和所述第二循环寿命的比值大于等于2。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包,其中,所述第一容量和所述第二容量的比值小于等于0.8。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包,其中,在所述电池包放电过程中,所述第一电池单元存在放电电压平台,所述第二电池单元不存在放电电压平台。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包,还包括控制器,所述控制器被配置为根据所述第二电池单元的荷电状态SoC计算所述第一电池单元的荷电状态SoC。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包,其中,在所述电池包停止充电时,所述第二电池单元的电量小于等于90%。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包,其中,所述电池包停止放电时,所述第二电池单元的电量大于等于30%。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元是磷酸铁锂电池。
  10. 一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:
    壳体,可拆卸地安装至所述电动工具;
    至少一个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元具有第一功率密度;
    至少一个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元具有第二功率密度,所述第二功率密度与所述第一功率密度的比值大于等于2;
    端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池包,其中,所述第二电池单元的放电倍率大于等于5C。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元与所述第二电池单元并联。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的电池包,其中,所述至少一个第一电池单元构成第一支路,所述至少一个第二电池单元构成第二支路,所述第一支路与所述第二支路并联。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的电池包,其中,所述端子组件与所述第一电池单元之间设置有第一开关电路,所述端子组件与所述第二电池单元之间设置有第二开关电路;所述电池包还包括控制器,至少用于控制所述第一开关电路和所述第二开关电路的通断。
  15. [根据细则91更正 04.08.2023]
    根据权利要求14所述的电池包,其中,所述控制器被配置为在所述电池包需要大功率输出时,控制所述第二开关电路接通,且控制所述第一开关电路断开。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的电池包,还包括温度检测装置,所述温度检测装置发送温度给所述控制器,当所述温度处于预设温度范围时,所述控制器控制所述第二开关电路接通,控制所述第一开关电路断开。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电池包,其中,所述预设温度范围大于等于零下40℃且小于等于0℃。
  18. 根据权利要求10所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元与所述第二电池单元在所述壳体内交错排布。
  19. 根据权利要求10所述的电池包,其中,所述第二电池单元是电容电池。
  20. 一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:
    壳体,可拆卸地安装至所述电动工具;
    至少一个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元具有第一能量密度;
    至少一个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元具有第二能量密度,所述第二能量密度与所述第一能量密度的比值大于等于1.5;
    端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元与所述第二电池单元串联。
  22. 根据权利要求20所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元与所述第二电池单元并联。
  23. 根据权利要求20所述的电池包,其中,所述第二电池单元是三元锂电池。
  24. 根据权利要求20所述的电池包,其中,所述第二电池单元是磷酸铁锂电池。
  25. 根据权利要求20所述的电池包,其中,所述第二电池单元是钠离子电池。
  26. 一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:
    壳体;
    至少一个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元是电容电池;
    至少一个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元的化学性质不同于所述第一电池单元;
    端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的电池包,其中,所述第二电池单元是锂电池。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的电池包,其中,所述第二电池单元的放电倍率小于等于5C。
  29. 根据权利要求26所述的电池包,其中,所述至少一个第一电池单元构成第一支路,所述至少一个第二电池单元构成第二支路,所述第一支路与所述第二支路并联。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的电池包,其中,所述端子组件与所述第一支路之间设置有第一开关电路,所述端子组件与所述第二支路之间设置有第二开关电路;所述电池包还包括控制器,用于控制所述第一开关电路和所述第二开关电路的通断。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的电池包,其中,当所述电动工具需要的放电电流大于等于预设电流阈值时,所述控制器控制所述第一开关电路接通,并控制所述第二开关电路断开。
  32. 根据权利要求30所述的电池包,还包括温度检测装置,所述温度检测装置发送温度给所述控制器,当所述温度处于预设温度范围时,所述控制器控制所述第二开关电路接通,并控制所述第一开关电路断开。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的电池包,其中,所述预设温度范围大于等于零下40℃且小于等于0℃。
  34. 根据权利要求26所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元围绕所述第二电池单元排布。
  35. 根据权利要求26所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元与所述第二电池单元交错排布。
  36. 一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:
    壳体;
    多个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元是钠离子电池;
    多个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元的化学性质不同于所述第一电池单元;
    端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的电池包,其中,所述第二电池单元是三元锂电池。
  38. 根据权利要求36所述的电池包,其中,至少一个所述第一电池单元构成第一支路,至少一个所述第二电池单元构成第二支路,所述第一支路与所述第二支路并联。
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的电池包,其中,所述端子组件与所述第一支路之间设置有第一开关电路,所述端子组件与所述第二支路之间设置有第二开关电路;所述电池包还包括控制器,用于控制所述第一开关电路和所述第二开关电路的通断。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的电池包,还包括温度检测装置,所述温度检测装置发送温度给所述控制器,当所述温度处于预设温度范围时,所述控制器控制所述第二开关电路接通,控制所述第一开关电路断开。
  41. 根据权利要求40所述的电池包,其中,所述预设温度范围大于等于零下40℃且小于等于0℃。
  42. 根据权利要求36所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元围绕所述第二电池单元排布。
  43. 根据权利要求36所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元与所述第二电池单元交错排布。
  44. 根据权利要求36所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元的数量大于等于所述第二电池单元的数量。
  45. 一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:
    壳体;
    多个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元是磷酸铁锂电池;
    多个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元的化学性质不同于所述第一电池单元,所述第二电池单元和所述第一电池单元之间的最小距离大于等于1mm;
    端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具。
  46. 根据权利要求45所述的电池包,其中,所述第二电池单元是三元锂电池。
  47. 根据权利要求45所述的电池包,其中,所述多个第一电池单元与所述多个第二电池单元并联。
  48. 根据权利要求45所述的电池包,其中,所述多个第一电池单元与所述多个第二电池单元串联。
  49. 根据权利要求45所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元的数量大于等于所述第二电池单元的数量。
  50. 根据权利要求45所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元的尺寸和所述第二电池单元的尺寸相同。
  51. 根据权利要求45所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元围绕所述第二电池单元排布。
  52. 根据权利要求45所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元与所述第二电池单元交错排布。
  53. 一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:
    壳体,可拆卸地安装至所述电动工具;
    至少一个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元具有第一容量;
    至少一个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元具有第二容量,所述第一容量小于所述第二容量;
    端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具;
    所述电池包还包括控制器,所述控制器被配置为根据所述第一电池单元的工作参数切断所述第二电池单元的供电。
  54. 根据权利要求53所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元具有第一循环寿命,所述第二电池单元具有第二循环寿命,所述第一循环寿命大于所述第二循环寿命。
  55. 根据权利要求53所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元与所述第二电池单元串联,所述控制器在切断所述第二电池单元的供电的同时切断所述第一电池单元的供电。
  56. 根据权利要求53所述的电池包,其中,所述工作参数包括电池单元的SoC。
  57. 根据权利要求56所述的电池包,其中,在所述电池包放电过程中,所述第一电池单元存在放电电压平台;所述控制器被配置为根据所述第二电池单元的SoC计算所述第一电池单元的SoC。
  58. 根据权利要求57所述的电池包,还包括电压检测装置,所述电压检测装置检测所述第二电池单元的电压;所述控制器被配置为根据所述第二电池单元的电压计算所述第二电池单元的SoC。
  59. 根据权利要求53所述的电池包,其中,所述电池包组装时,所述第二电池单元的实际电量大于所述第一电池单元的实际电量。
  60. 根据权利要求59所述的电池包,其中,所述电池包组装时,所述第二电池单元的实际电量与所述第一电池单元的实际电量之差大于零且小于或等于所述第二容量和所述第一容量的容量差。
  61. 一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:
    壳体,可拆卸地安装至所述电动工具;
    第一支路,所述第一支路包括多个第一电池单元,所述多个第一电池单元设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑;
    第二支路,所述第二支路包括多个第二电池单元,所述多个第二电池单元设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元与所述第二电池单元的至少一个工作特性参数不同;
    端子组件,与所述第一支路以及所述第二支路电连接,以将电力从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传输到所述电动工具;
    其中,所述第一支路还包括第一开关电路;所述第二支路还包括第二开关电路;所述电池包还包括控制器,所述控制器被配置为根据所述工作特性参数控制所述第一开关电路和所述第二开关电路的通断。
  62. 根据权利要求61所述的电池包,其中,所述第一支路和所述第二支路并联。
  63. 根据权利要求61所述的电池包,其中,所述工作特性参数为最大放电倍率,所述第一电池单元的最大放电倍率小于所述第二电池单元的最大放电倍率,当所述电动工具需要的放电电流大于等于预设电流阈值时,所述控制器控制所述第二开关电路接通,并控制所述第一开关电路断开。
  64. 根据权利要求61所述的电池包,还包括温度检测装置,用于检测环境温度,所述温度检测装置发送所述环境温度给所述控制器。
  65. 根据权利要求64所述的电池包,其中,所述工作特性参数为最低工作温度,所述第一电池单元的最低工作温度大于所述第二电池单元的最低工作温度,当所述环境温度处于预设温度范围时,所述控制器控制所述第二开关电路接通,并控制所述第一开关电路断开。
  66. 根据权利要求61所述的电池包,其中,所述多个第一电池单元和所述多个第二电池单元交错排布。
  67. 根据权利要求61所述的电池包,其中,所述多个第二电池单元围绕所述多个第一电池单元排布。
  68. 根据权利要求61所述的电池包,其中,所述第一开关电路包括MOSFET。
  69. 根据权利要求63所述的电池包,其中,所述工作特性参数为所述电池单元的SoC,当所述电池包与充电器连接,所述控制器被配置为根据所述SoC控制所述第一开关电路和所述第二开关电路的通断,以均衡所述第一支路和所述第二支路。
  70. 根据权利要求61所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元的电解质为固体,所述第二电池单元的电解质为液体。
  71. 一种为电动工具提供电力的电池包,包括:
    壳体;
    至少一个第一电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第一电池单元的电解质为液体;
    至少一个第二电池单元,设置于所述壳体内部且被所述壳体支撑,所述第二电池单元的电解质为固体;
    端子组件,与所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元电连接,以将电能从所述第一电池单元和所述第二电池单元传送到所述电动工具;
    其特征在于,所述第一电池单元的功率密度大于所述第二电池单元的功率密度,且所述第二电池单元的能量密度大于所述第一电池单元的能量密度。
  72. 根据权利要求71所述的电池包,其中,所述第一电池单元的功率密度大于等于250w/kg。
  73. 根据权利要求71所述的电池包,其中,所述第二电池单元的能量密度大于等于400Wh/kg。
  74. 根据权利要求71所述的电池包,其中,所述至少一个第一电池单元构成第一支路,所述至少一个第二电池单元构成第二支路,所述第一支路与所述第二支路并联。
  75. 根据权利要求74所述的电池包,其中,所述端子组件与所述第一支路之间设置有第一开关电路,所述端子组件与所述第二支路之间设置有第二开关电路;所述电池包还包括控制器,用于控制所述第一开关电路和所述第二开关电路的通断。
  76. 根据权利要求75所述的电池包,其中,当所述电动工具需要的放电电流大于等于预设电流阈值时,所述控制器控制所述第一开关电路接通,控制所述第二开关电路断开。
  77. 根据权利要求75所述的电池包,还包括温度检测装置,所述温度检测装置发送温度给所述控制器,当所述温度处于预设温度范围时,所述控制器控制所述第二开关电路接通,控制所述第一开关电路断开。
  78. 根据权利要求77所述的电池包,其中,所述预设温度范围大于等于零下40℃且小于等于0℃。
PCT/CN2023/107735 2022-08-16 2023-07-17 为电动工具提供电力的电池包 WO2024037266A1 (zh)

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CN103928719A (zh) * 2013-01-16 2014-07-16 三星Sdi株式会社 包括不同种类单电池的电池组及包括该电池组的电力装置
CN104272554A (zh) * 2011-12-02 2015-01-07 纳迪姆·卡里姆 用于***式或混合动力电动车辆的可电气再充电的双化学成分的电池***
CN110383572A (zh) * 2017-06-15 2019-10-25 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 充电装置及充电方法
JP2022015513A (ja) * 2020-07-09 2022-01-21 エス・イー・アイ株式会社 電池モジュール

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CN104272554A (zh) * 2011-12-02 2015-01-07 纳迪姆·卡里姆 用于***式或混合动力电动车辆的可电气再充电的双化学成分的电池***
CN103928719A (zh) * 2013-01-16 2014-07-16 三星Sdi株式会社 包括不同种类单电池的电池组及包括该电池组的电力装置
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JP2022015513A (ja) * 2020-07-09 2022-01-21 エス・イー・アイ株式会社 電池モジュール

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