WO2024012362A1 - 一种功能装置和具有其的家用电器 - Google Patents

一种功能装置和具有其的家用电器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024012362A1
WO2024012362A1 PCT/CN2023/106288 CN2023106288W WO2024012362A1 WO 2024012362 A1 WO2024012362 A1 WO 2024012362A1 CN 2023106288 W CN2023106288 W CN 2023106288W WO 2024012362 A1 WO2024012362 A1 WO 2024012362A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
functional
soluble
release
temperature
sustained
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Application number
PCT/CN2023/106288
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙照博
张栋葛
高源�
李俊越
孙挥
周道畅
张茗发
谭吉林
Original Assignee
无锡小天鹅电器有限公司
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Publication of WO2024012362A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024012362A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C02F1/685—Devices for dosing the additives
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of household appliances, and specifically, to a functional device and household appliances having the same.
  • the above-mentioned functional materials are basically randomly dispersed in the matrix, and it is difficult to form a stable release path. Only the functional materials dispersed on the surface of the matrix can be released to play a functional role, but the functional materials inside the matrix are difficult to dissolve in water and released, and the functional materials cannot be fully exerted. role. Moreover, the above solution requires the design of special carriers for different types of functional materials. Various carriers are not versatile and scalable, making it difficult for multiple functional materials to function on household appliances at the same time, and cannot meet user needs.
  • the present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art, at least to a certain extent.
  • one object of the present invention is to propose a functional device for household appliances; the functional device includes a sustained-release functional unit that can slowly and completely release functional materials, and the sustained-release functional unit can be used as a universal carrier for different functional materials. , good user experience.
  • a functional device in one aspect of the invention, includes: at least one sustained-release functional unit; wherein the sustained-release functional unit includes an insoluble matrix and a soluble functional part. Therefore, in this device for household appliances, by adding soluble functional parts with specific functions into the space supported by the insoluble base frame, the functional materials required for the operation of the household appliances can be mounted.
  • This sustained-release functional unit can be used as a universal platform for different functional materials and has good versatility and scalability. Users can choose to have different sustained-release functional units. Functional devices, when applied to household appliances, can achieve the effect of slowly and fully releasing functional materials during the use of household appliances, improving the user experience.
  • the insoluble scaffold includes a plurality of scaffold branches spaced apart from each other. There are gaps between any two scaffold branches, and at least part of the plurality of gaps are connected to form a channel.
  • the surface of the slow-release functional unit includes an opening, and the opening communicates the outside of the slow-release functional unit and the channel.
  • the soluble functional part includes a soluble base material and a functional material, and the soluble functional part fills at least part of the space of the channel, wherein the functional material is mixed in the soluble base material.
  • the functional material is mixed into the soluble base material to form a soluble functional part, and the soluble functional part fills at least part of the space of the channel.
  • the channel is defined by a plurality of base material branches to form an irregular shape and is connected to the outside of the sustained-release functional unit through the opening.
  • the dissolving medium can flow into the channel through the opening to dissolve the soluble functional part, and the functional material is released into the environment outside the insoluble matrix as the soluble functional part is dissolved. Since the channel has an irregular shape, the dissolving medium fully washes and dissolves the functional materials through changes in flow rate and direction in the channel. Therefore, with the use of the sustained-release functional unit, all functional materials in the channel can be gradually released completely, thereby improving the sustained-release Use time and material utilization of functional units to avoid wastage of functional materials.
  • the sustained-release functional unit includes: 30 to 70 parts by weight of an insoluble matrix; 15 to 60 parts by weight of a soluble base material; and 1 to 35 parts by weight of a functional material.
  • the sustained-release functional unit further includes: 5 to 10 parts by weight of a chain extender.
  • the soluble substrate includes at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and polyethylene oxide.
  • the insoluble matrix includes at least one of plastic, rubber and fiber.
  • the functional material includes at least one or a combination of metal substances, polymer substances, natural extract substances, scale inhibitor substances, and ionic substances.
  • the household appliance further includes a water supply device, the water supply device is connected to the aforementioned functional device, and the water supply device is adapted to supply water to the functional device. Therefore, during the operation of the household appliance, the dissolving medium supply device supplies the dissolving medium to the aforementioned functional device, so that the functional material in the sustained-release functional unit can be released to the insoluble substrate as the soluble base material dissolves in the dissolving medium.
  • the dissolving medium supply device supplies the dissolving medium to the aforementioned functional device, so that the functional material in the sustained-release functional unit can be released to the insoluble substrate as the soluble base material dissolves in the dissolving medium.
  • it can meet the user's needs for multiple functions, increase the use time of the slow-release functional unit, improve the utilization rate of materials, avoid the waste of functional materials, and provide a good user experience.
  • Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a household appliance according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a functional device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a functional device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sustained release functional unit in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a washing machine includes an outer tub 1 , an inner tub having a clothes chamber, a door seal 2 , a putting device 3 and a water supply device 4 .
  • the outer tub 1 has an opening on one axial side, and the inner tube is rotatably arranged in the outer tub 1 . The rotation of the inner drum drives the movement of clothes, detergent and/or water to process the clothes.
  • the door seal 2 surrounds the opening of the outer tub 1.
  • the door seal 2 is formed with a liquid supply port 2a and a clothes putting port 2b connected to the clothes cavity.
  • the delivery device 3 is provided with a detergent chamber for placing detergent, and the water supply device 4 is used to provide water to the washing machine.
  • the water supply device 4 can be a water inlet valve or a circulation pump.
  • the washing machine includes a functional device 5 .
  • the functional device 5 is defined as a device that adds functional materials to the working environment of the washing machine to achieve different functions such as deodorization, descaling, sterilization, care, and decontamination.
  • the specific functions are not limited in the present invention.
  • the functional device 5 can be installed at different positions of the washing machine, and can also have different forms, as long as it is directly or indirectly connected to the water supply device 4 .
  • the functional device 5 can be in the form of a container with a receiving cavity, such as the functional device 5 in Figure 3, or it can be a groove structure in the door seal 2, or it can be a lifting rib structure in the inner cylinder, or it can be That is to say, any structure in the washing machine that can place functional materials is an optional form of the functional device 5, and the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the functional device 5 can be placed at different positions in the washing machine, for example
  • the functional device 5 when the functional device 5 is in the form of a container with a receiving cavity, it can be placed in the delivery device 3 or in the water inlet pipe; when the functional device 5 is in the form of a groove structure, it can be placed in the door seal 2 ;
  • the functional device 5 when the functional device 5 is in the form of a lifting rib structure, it can be placed in the inner cylinder, that is to say, functional devices 5 of different shapes can be placed at corresponding positions.
  • the shape and location of the functional device 5 can be changed according to the characteristics of the household appliances, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • the delivery device 3 includes a lotion box and a dispenser 31.
  • the medicine box has a water inlet 32, the water supply device 4 is connected to the water inlet 32, and the water flows into the distributor 31 through the water inlet 32.
  • the distributor 31 has a distributor shell, and a chamber is defined in the distributor shell.
  • the functional device 5 is disposed in the chamber, and the water flow entering the distributor 31 can flow into the functional device 5 .
  • the dispensing device 3 and the door seal 2 also have a first drain line 6, through which the solution with dissolved functional materials flowing out from the functional device 5 flows into the door seal 2 and enters the inner barrel.
  • a sustained-release functional unit is defined as a unit that can slowly release functional materials in a dissolving medium (such as water, acidic solution or alkaline solution, etc.) by passing multiple materials through specific
  • a dissolving medium such as water, acidic solution or alkaline solution, etc.
  • each sustained-release functional unit can be in the form of solid particles.
  • the functional device 5 may include one or more release functional units. Among them, multiple sustained-release functional units may have the same function, or they may have multiple units with different functions, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.
  • the sustained-release functional unit includes an insoluble matrix 10 and a soluble functional part 20 .
  • the insoluble base frame 10 is insoluble in water or detergent solution, and the soluble functional part 20 can gradually dissolve in water or detergent solution, and gradually release functional materials during the dissolution process to achieve the functions required by household appliances.
  • the insoluble base frame 10 serves as the main body to support the space where the sustained-release functional unit is located, and the soluble functional part 20 is formed inside the space where the sustained-release functional unit is located using the insoluble base frame 10 as a carrier.
  • sustained-release functional unit In a certain section of a complete sustained-release functional unit, as shown in Figure 4, by observing with microscopic observation equipment such as an electron microscope, alternately distributed insoluble base frames 10 and soluble functional parts 20 can be seen. Therefore, the sustained-release functional unit can be equipped with the functions required for the operation of household appliances by adding the soluble functional part 20 with specific functions in the space supported by the insoluble base frame 10 under the action of the dissolving medium.
  • This sustained-release functional unit can be used as a universal platform for different functional materials and has good versatility and scalability. Users can choose functional devices with different sustained-release functional units.
  • the dissolving medium can dissolve the soluble functional part 20 and slowly release it into the environment outside the insoluble base frame 10, thereby achieving the effect of slowly and fully releasing the functional material during the clothing processing process, and improving the user's experience.
  • the insoluble scaffold 10 includes a plurality of scaffold branches (10(1), 10(2), 10(3)), The outer edges of the plurality of base frame branches (10(1), 10(2), 10(3)) are spaced apart from each other in space. Between any two base frame branches (10(1), 10(2), 10( Gaps (30(1), 30(2), 30(3)) are formed between the outer edges of 3)). Multiple gaps (30(1), 30(2), 30(3)) are randomly distributed in any direction in space, that is to say, in any direction in space, at least some of the gaps (30(1), 30(2) ), 30(3)) are not on the same plane. Taking the section shown in FIG.
  • the plurality of gaps (30(1), 30(2), 30(3)) are connected with each other to form a channel 30. Since the boundaries of each gap (30(1), 30(2), 30(3)) are irregular, and multiple gaps are randomly distributed in the space, the boundaries of the channel 30 are irregular boundaries, and the The path is a reentrant path, and the movement of the fluid in the channel 30 will show frequent changes in flow speed and flow direction, which is beneficial to scouring the soluble functional parts 20 mounted on each scaffold branch and promoting the full dissolution of the functional materials.
  • the outer surface of the sustained release functional unit 100 further includes an opening 32 .
  • the slow-release functional unit 5 appears as an object with a certain shape as a whole, so it has an outer surface from a macro perspective.
  • each of the scaffold branches (10(1), 10(2), 10(3)) is not connected at least in part of the edge of the section, so it can be observed that there are several branches on the edge of the section 31.
  • There are openings 32 that is to say, these openings 32 also exist on the outer surface 31 from a macro perspective, and are used to connect the outside of the sustained-release functional unit 100 and the channel 30 .
  • the fluid can pass from the outside of the sustained-release functional unit 100 through several Each opening 32 enters the flow channel 30 of the sustained-release functional unit 100 to dissolve the soluble functional part 20.
  • the soluble functional part 20 fills part or all of the space of the channel 30 .
  • the soluble functional part 20 is mounted on each of the base branches (10(1), 10(2), 10(3)) of the insoluble base frame 10, filling the entire space of the channel 30, so that the number of soluble functional parts 20 can be increased.
  • the mounting capacity releases the internal space of the slow-release functional unit 100, allowing the slow-release functional unit 100 to be used for a longer period of time.
  • the soluble functional part 20 fills at least part of the space of the channel 30, and the channel 30 is defined by a plurality of substrate branches (10(1), 10(2), 10(3)) to define irregular flow channels and pass through
  • the opening 32 communicates with the outside of the slow-release functional unit 100 .
  • the dissolution medium can flow into the channel 30 through the opening 32 to dissolve the soluble functional part 20, and the soluble functional part 20 is released into the environment outside the insoluble substrate 10 during the dissolution process. Since the channel 30 is an irregular flow channel, the dissolving medium washes and fully dissolves the functional materials through changes in flow rate and flow direction in the channel 30 . Therefore, with the use of the sustained-release functional unit 100 , all soluble functional parts 20 in the channel 30 can be gradually removed. Complete release, thereby improving the use time and material utilization rate of the sustained-release functional unit 100, and avoiding the waste of functional materials.
  • the soluble functional part 20 includes a soluble base material and a functional material, and the functional material is mixed in the soluble base material.
  • the soluble substrate includes at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, and polyethylene oxide.
  • the soluble base material of the above materials has better solubility, can slowly dissolve when water flows through, and interacts with functional materials in water No chemical reaction will occur, thereby ensuring the stability of the sustained-release functional unit 100; at the same time, the above-mentioned materials are safe and will not affect clothing after being dissolved in water; in addition, because of the solubility of different soluble base materials in water There are differences, so in the present invention, the dissolution rate of the soluble functional part 20 can also be controlled by selecting different specific types of soluble base materials to meet different application requirements and application environments of the sustained-release functional unit 100.
  • the molecular weight of the soluble base material can be 5 to 3 million.
  • the soluble base material with the above molecular weight has appropriate solubility, and in the present invention, the dissolution of the soluble functional part 20 can also be controlled by controlling the molecular weight of the soluble base material. rate. If the molecular weight of the soluble base material is less than 50,000, then the soluble functional part 20 is not easy to form, and the solvent rate is too fast; if the molecular weight of the soluble base material is greater than 3 million, the limit of the soluble functional part 20 is relatively large, and it is difficult to process and process. Form a continuous soluble functional structure.
  • the functional material includes at least one of heavy metal substances, polymer substances, natural extract substances, scale inhibitor substances, ionic substances, or a combination thereof. Therefore, the sustained-release functional unit 100 has functions such as water softening, descaling, sterilization, odor removal, care, and decontamination. Those skilled in the art can flexibly select appropriate functional materials according to the actual conditions of the application environment of the sustained-release functional unit 100. Meet the application requirements of the sustained release functional unit 100. Among them, water softener substances can be phosphates, silicates, iminesulfonates, amino acid derivatives, hydroxy acids and their derivatives, polyacrylic acid and their derivatives, etc., and scale inhibitor substances can be citric acid.
  • metal substances can be heavy metal substances (such as silver ions, copper ions), metal compound substances (such as silver nitrate, copper sulfate) and other substances
  • natural extract substances can be amino acids, lavender oil, tea tree oil, paeonol and other substances
  • polymer substances can be polyhexamethylene guanidine, amino acid type, quaternary ammonium salts, polyquaternary ammonium acid and other substances.
  • those skilled in the art can also select other functional materials that can be blended with the soluble base material and do not fail according to the specific application of the sustained-release functional unit 100.
  • the insoluble matrix 10 includes at least one of polymer (such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polylactic acid), rubber and fiber.
  • the insoluble base frame 10 formed of the above-mentioned materials has good stability and is not easily deformed under the impact of a certain water flow; it is also stable in nature and not easy to deteriorate; a chemical bond can be formed between the insoluble base frame 10 of the above-mentioned materials and the soluble base material of the above-mentioned materials. , improve the stability of the sustained release functional unit 100.
  • the sustained-release functional unit 100 includes: 30 to 70 parts by weight (such as 30 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 45 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight, 55 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight, 65 parts by weight, 70 parts by weight) of the insoluble base frame 10; 15 to 60 parts by weight (such as 15 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 25 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 45 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight) parts by weight, 55 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight); and 1 to 35 parts by weight (such as 1 part by weight, 5 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 23 parts by weight parts, 25 parts by weight, 28 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 32 parts by weight, 34 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight) Material.
  • 30 to 70 parts by weight such as 30 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 45 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight, 55 parts by weight, 60 parts
  • the sustained-release functional unit 100 of the above components has an appropriate amount of soluble base material and functional material, so that the insoluble base frame and the soluble functional part 20 in the sustained-release functional unit 100 have an appropriate volume ratio, ensuring that the sustained-release functional unit 100
  • the structural stability and the speed and efficacy of the sustained-release functional material if the weight of the insoluble base is too much, that is, the volume fraction of the soluble base material in the sustained-release functional unit 100 is smaller, and the volume fraction of the soluble functional part 20 is smaller, so The use time of the sustained-release functional unit 100 will be relatively reduced, and the internal skeleton of the insoluble base frame is relatively tight, which makes the soluble functional part 20 inside the sustained-release functional unit 100 less likely to come into contact with water, making it difficult to dissolve or the dissolution rate is too high.
  • the weight of the insoluble matrix is too small, that is, the volume fraction of the insoluble matrix in the sustained-release functional unit 100 is smaller, and there are relatively more soluble functional parts 20 inside, so that the soluble
  • the stability between the functional part 20 and the insoluble substrate is relatively poor, and the dissolution rate of the soluble functional part 20 is too fast, which easily leads to a waste of materials.
  • the amount of the above-mentioned functional material and the soluble base material can make the functional material more uniformly dispersed in the soluble base material, and make the concentration of the functional material in the soluble functional part 20 better, thereby ensuring the functional effect of the sustained-release functional unit 100 .
  • the dissolution rate of the soluble functional part 20 can be controlled, which can not only meet the requirements for the efficacy of the functional material of the sustained-release functional unit 100, but also avoid the functional material from dissolving too fast, causing Waste of materials.
  • those skilled in the art can set the specific amount of functional materials between 1 and 35 parts by weight according to the specific functional materials.
  • functional materials containing silver ions can appropriately reduce the amount of functional materials added.
  • the sustained-release functional unit 100 further includes: 5 to 10 parts by weight (such as 5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 9 parts by weight or 10 parts by weight) of chain extension agent. Therefore, the addition of the chain extender can cause a chemical reaction between the insoluble base frame and the soluble base material by changing the insoluble base frame, thereby reducing the water dissolution rate of the soluble functional part 20 and optimizing the sustained release time, both physically and chemically. Means to achieve controllability of dissolution rate.
  • the soluble substrate and the partially active insoluble matrix can be connected through chemical bonds by introducing a reactive chain extender.
  • the above-mentioned chemical bonds are formed by adding a chain extender that can react with the soluble substrate and the active insoluble substrate during the melt blending process to perform a chain extension reaction.
  • the chain extender can choose a material containing an epoxy group. The epoxy group reacts with the terminal hydroxyl group of the soluble base material and the carboxyl group or hydroxyl group of the insoluble base material. Connect the two together through chemical bonds.
  • the binding force between the soluble functional part 20 and the insoluble base frame can be improved, so as to improve the stability of the sustained-release functional unit 100 and avoid the soluble functional part 20 and the insoluble base frame from falling off and affecting product quality; moreover, it can also be Control the dissolution rate of the soluble base material, thereby controlling the release rate of the functional material in the sustained-release functional unit 100, thereby ensuring the effective effect of the functional material while extending the use time of the sustained-release functional unit 100.
  • the width d of the soluble functional part 20 is 50 nanometers to 50 micrometers, such as d is 50 nanometers, 100 nanometers, 300 nanometers, 500 nanometers, 800 nanometers, 1 micron, 5 micron, 10 micron, 15 micron, 20 micron, 25 micron, 30 micron, 35 micron, 40 micron, 45 micron, 50 micron.
  • the soluble functional part 20 in the above width range can allow water molecules to pass through smoothly, and the functional material and soluble base material after the soluble functional part 20 has been dissolved to pass through smoothly, without causing the undesirable phenomenon of clogging; moreover, it can also be controlled by
  • the width of the soluble functional part 20 controls the dissolution rate of the soluble functional part 20 .
  • the width of the soluble functional part 20 can be achieved by factors such as the amount of insoluble substrate and the process conditions for preparing the sustained-release functional unit 100 .
  • the widths of the soluble functional portions 20 at different positions in the sustained-release functional unit 100 are not exactly the same, as long as the width d is in the range of 50 nanometers to 50 microns. Can.
  • a method of preparing the sustained-release functional unit 100 may include:
  • a functional masterbatch is defined as a soluble masterbatch mixed with functional materials.
  • the main body of the functional masterbatch is composed of soluble substances, and the functional materials are dispersed in the soluble substances in a molecular, ionic or atomic state.
  • the working temperature of the second blending There are no special requirements for the working temperature of the second blending, and those skilled in the art can flexibly select it according to actual conditions such as the specific types of insoluble materials and the specific equipment of the extruder (used for blending).
  • a twin-screw extruder can be used for blending. When using a twin-screw extruder, the working temperature of the first zone of the twin-screw extruder is about 50°C, and the other working zones (such as the second and third zones) ) operating temperature is 160°C ⁇ 190°C.
  • the mixture obtained by the second blending before performing the second granulation treatment, is subjected to a second air-cooling treatment in advance.
  • the temperature of the product obtained after blending through the extruder is relatively high, around 160°C to 190°C, and is not easy to shape. Therefore, in order to facilitate subsequent granulation, the blended product needs to be air-cooled.
  • the mixture obtained by the second blending is subjected to the second air cooling treatment to below 50°C.
  • the product treated by cold air has better hardness and is easy to cut and granulate.
  • the particle size of the sustained-release functional unit 100 is 1 to 5 mm.
  • the method before step S200, the method further includes:
  • the soluble base material before performing the first blending, is dried in advance.
  • the moisture adsorbed by the soluble base material is removed, which can prevent the soluble base material from being dissolved by water and affecting the stability of the sustained-release functional unit 100.
  • the soluble base material and the functional material can be dried together in advance (of course, if the functional material has poor water absorption, there is no need to dry the functional material).
  • the functional material is dried), thereby preventing the moisture in the functional material from dissolving the soluble base material and affecting the efficacy of the functional material and the stability of the sustained-release functional unit 100.
  • the temperature of the drying process is 50°C to 80°C, such as 50°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, or 80°C.
  • the drying temperature can be selected according to the actual conditions of the soluble substrate and the specific material type of the functional material. In this way, the moisture adsorbed by the functional material can be quickly removed without affecting the performance of the functional material.
  • the drying time is 4 to 8 hours.
  • the functional material and the soluble base material can also be ground in advance, thereby fully improving the uniformity of the mixing of the functional material and the soluble base material.
  • An adhesive can also be added during the first blending, thereby helping to improve the stability of the functional masterbatch, that is, improving the stability of the soluble functional part 20 in the subsequently obtained sustained-release functional unit 100.
  • the working temperature of the first blending there are no special requirements for the working temperature of the first blending.
  • Those skilled in the art can be flexible according to the actual conditions such as the specific types of functional materials and soluble base materials and the specific equipment of the extruder (used for blending). choose.
  • a twin-screw extruder can be used for blending.
  • the working temperature of the first zone of the twin-screw extruder is about 50°C
  • the other working zones (such as the second and third zones) ) operating temperature is 160°C ⁇ 190°C.
  • the mixture obtained by the first blending before performing the first granulation treatment, is subjected to a first air-cooling treatment in advance.
  • the temperature of the product obtained after blending through the extruder is relatively high, around 160°C to 190°C, and is not easy to shape. Therefore, in order to facilitate subsequent granulation, the blended product needs to be air-cooled.
  • the mixture obtained by the first blending is subjected to the first air cooling treatment to below 50°C. As a result, the product treated by cold air has better hardness and is easy to cut and granulate.
  • the particle size of the functional masterbatch is 2 to 5 mm.
  • Functional masterbatch of this size can be more fully mixed with the insoluble polymer material, which is conducive to the continuous structure of the soluble functional part 20 and is less likely to agglomerate. If the particle size of the functional masterbatch is less than 2 mm, it is relatively easy to agglomerate, which is not conducive to the uniformity of mixing; if the particle size of the functional masterbatch is larger than 5 mm, it is relatively unfavorable to improve the subsequent soluble functional part 20 in the sustained-release functional unit 100 The uniformity of distribution affects the continuity of the soluble functional part 20.
  • the functional material and the soluble base material are first blended and granulated, and then the functional masterbatch and the insoluble material are blended and granulated.
  • This method can make the soluble
  • the base material constitutes the soluble functional part 20 of the sustained-release functional unit 100.
  • Functional materials are dispersed in the soluble functional part 20.
  • the insoluble polymer material forms an insoluble framework.
  • the soluble functional part 20 communicates with the outside of the insoluble framework and It has a continuous structure, so that the functional material can be released into the environment outside the insoluble matrix as the soluble base material dissolves in water, and since the soluble functional part 20 has a continuous structure, with the use of the sustained-release functional unit 100 , all functional materials on the surface and inside of the insoluble base frame can be gradually released completely, thereby improving the performance of the sustained-release functional unit 100 use time, improve material utilization, and avoid the waste of functional materials.
  • the functional material, the chain extender and the soluble base material are blended for the first time; and/or the functional masterbatch, the insoluble polymer material and the chain extender are mixed agent for the second blend. Therefore, the addition of the chain extender can cause a chemical reaction between the insoluble polymer material and the soluble base material by changing the insoluble polymer material, reducing the water dissolution rate of the soluble functional part 20, and achieving dissolution by both physical and chemical means. Rate controllability.
  • cleaning equipment include but are not limited to cleaning equipment that require water cleaning such as washing machines, washer-drying machines, dishwashers, etc.
  • cleaning equipment that require water cleaning
  • Those skilled in the art can select functional materials according to the specific uses of the cleaning equipment. Specific types to achieve cleaning effects for different purposes.
  • twin-screw extruder to first blend polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyhexamethylene guanidine.
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 50°C, and the temperature in the second zone is 150°C. , the temperature in the third zone is 170°C, the temperature in the fourth zone is 175°C, the temperature in the fifth zone is 175°C, the temperature in the sixth zone is 175°C, and the die temperature is 160°C; the mixture obtained by the first blending is subjected to the first air cooling treatment to below 50°C;
  • the mixture that has passed the first air-cooling treatment is subjected to the first granulation treatment to obtain functional masterbatch, the particle size of the functional masterbatch is between 2 and 5 mm;
  • twin-screw extruder to perform the second blending of functional masterbatch and polyethylene (PE, insoluble polymer material).
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 150°C, and the temperature in the second zone is 160°C. °C, the temperature in zone three is 170°C, the temperature in zone four is 170°C, the temperature in zone five is 170°C, the temperature in zone six is 170°C, and the die temperature is 160°C;
  • the mixture obtained by the second blending is subjected to the first air cooling treatment to below 50°C;
  • the mixture that has passed the first air-cooling treatment is subjected to a second granulation treatment to obtain a sustained-release functional unit 100.
  • the width d of the soluble functional part 20 is between 50 nanometers and 50 microns.
  • the amount of insoluble polymer material is 60 parts by weight
  • the amount of soluble base material is 20 parts by weight
  • the amount of functional material is 20 parts by weight.
  • Polyethylene oxide (PEO) is dried at a drying temperature of 50°C and a drying time of 4 hours;
  • twin-screw extruder to first blend polyethylene oxide (PEO) and silver phosphate (Ag3PO4).
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 50°C, and the temperature in the second zone is 150°C.
  • the temperature in zone three is 170°C
  • the temperature in zone four is 175°C
  • the temperature in zone five is 175°C
  • the temperature in zone six is 175°C
  • the die temperature is 160°C;
  • the mixture obtained by the first blending is subjected to a first air-cooling treatment to below 50°C;
  • the mixture that has passed the first air-cooling treatment is subjected to the first granulation treatment to obtain functional masterbatch, the particle size of the functional masterbatch is between 2 and 5 mm;
  • twin-screw extruder Use a twin-screw extruder to blend the functional masterbatch with polypropylene (PP) for the second time.
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 160°C, the temperature in the second zone is 170°C, and the temperature in the third zone The temperature in zone four is 180°C, the temperature in zone five is 180°C, the temperature in zone six is 180°C, and the die temperature is 170°C;
  • the mixture obtained by the second blending is subjected to a second air cooling treatment to below 50°C;
  • the mixture that has passed the second air-cooling treatment is subjected to a second granulation treatment to obtain a sustained-release functional unit 100.
  • the width d of the soluble functional part 20 is between 50 nanometers and 50 microns.
  • the amount of insoluble polymer material is 60 parts by weight
  • the amount of soluble base material is 39 parts by weight
  • the amount of functional material is 1 part by weight.
  • Polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyhexamethylene guanidine are dried at a drying temperature of 50°C and a drying time of 6 hours;
  • Polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyhexamethylguanidine are first blended using a twin-screw extruder.
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 50°C, and the temperature in the second zone is 150°C.
  • the temperature in zone three is 170°C, the temperature in zone four is 175°C, the temperature in zone five is 175°C, the temperature in zone six is 175°C, and the die temperature is 160°C;;
  • the mixture obtained by the first blending is subjected to a first air-cooling treatment to below 50°C;
  • the mixture that has passed the first air-cooling treatment is subjected to the first granulation treatment to obtain functional masterbatch, the particle size of the functional masterbatch is between 2 and 5 mm;
  • twin-screw extruder Use a twin-screw extruder to blend the functional masterbatch with polypropylene (PP) for the second time.
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 160°C, the temperature in the second zone is 170°C, and the temperature in the third zone The temperature in zone four is 180°C, the temperature in zone five is 180°C, the temperature in zone six is 180°C, and the die temperature is 170°C;
  • the mixture obtained by the second blending is subjected to a second air cooling treatment to below 50°C;
  • the mixture that has passed the second air-cooling treatment is subjected to a second granulation treatment to obtain a sustained-release functional unit 100.
  • the width d of the soluble functional part 20 is between 50 nanometers and 50 microns.
  • the amount of insoluble polymer material is 60 parts by weight
  • the amount of soluble base material is 20 parts by weight
  • the amount of functional material is 20 parts by weight.
  • Polyethylene oxide (PEO) is dried at a drying temperature of 50°C and a drying time of 6 hours;
  • twin-screw extruder Use a twin-screw extruder to first blend polyethylene oxide (PEO) and copper sulfate (CuSO4).
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 50°C, and the temperature in the second zone is 150°C.
  • the temperature in zone three is 170°C, the temperature in zone four is 175°C, the temperature in zone five is 175°C, the temperature in zone six is 175°C, and the die temperature is 160°C;
  • the mixture obtained by the first blending is subjected to a first air-cooling treatment to below 50°C;
  • the mixture that has passed the first air-cooling treatment is subjected to the first granulation treatment to obtain functional masterbatch, the particle size of the functional masterbatch is between 2 and 5 mm;
  • twin-screw extruder Use a twin-screw extruder to blend the functional masterbatch with polypropylene (PP) for the second time.
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 160°C, the temperature in the second zone is 170°C, and the temperature in the third zone The temperature in zone four is 180°C, the temperature in zone five is 180°C, the temperature in zone six is 180°C, and the die temperature is 170°C;
  • the mixture obtained by the second blending is subjected to a second air cooling treatment to below 50°C;
  • the mixture that has passed the second air-cooling treatment is subjected to a second granulation treatment to obtain a sustained-release functional unit 100.
  • the width d of the soluble functional part 20 is between 50 nanometers and 50 microns.
  • the amount of insoluble polymer material is 60 parts by weight
  • the amount of soluble base material is 20 parts by weight
  • the amount of functional material is 20 parts by weight.
  • Polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyhexamethylene guanidine are dried at a drying temperature of 50°C and a drying time of 6 hours;
  • twin-screw extruder to first blend polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyhexamethylguanidine, and chain extender ADR.
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 50°C, and the temperature in the second zone is 50°C.
  • the temperature is 150°C, the temperature in zone three is 170°C, the temperature in zone four is 175°C, the temperature in zone five is 175°C, the temperature in zone six is 175°C, and the die temperature is 160°C;
  • the mixture obtained by the first blending is subjected to a first air-cooling treatment to below 50°C;
  • the mixture that has passed the first air-cooling treatment is subjected to the first granulation treatment to obtain functional masterbatch, the particle size of the functional masterbatch is between 2 and 5 mm;
  • twin-screw extruder Use a twin-screw extruder to blend the functional masterbatch with polylactic acid (PLA) for the second time.
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 170°C, the temperature in the second zone is 180°C, and the temperature in the third zone is 180°C, the temperature in zone four is 185°C, the temperature in zone five is 185°C, the temperature in zone six is 180°C, and the die temperature is 170°C;
  • the mixture obtained by the second blending is subjected to a second air cooling treatment to below 50°C;
  • the mixture that has passed the second air-cooling treatment is subjected to a second granulation treatment to obtain a sustained-release functional unit 100.
  • the width d of the soluble functional part 20 is between 50 nanometers and 50 microns.
  • the amount of insoluble polymer material is 50 parts by weight
  • the amount of soluble substrate is 30 parts by weight
  • the amount of functional material is 10 parts by weight
  • the amount of chain extender is 10 parts by weight.
  • Polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyhexamethylene guanidine are dried at a drying temperature of 50°C and a drying time of 6 hours;
  • twin-screw extruder to first blend polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyhexamethylene guanidine, and sodium citrate.
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 50°C, and the temperature in the second zone is 50°C.
  • the temperature is 150°C, the temperature in zone three is 170°C, the temperature in zone four is 175°C, the temperature in zone five is 175°C, the temperature in zone six is 175°C, and the die temperature is 160°C;
  • the mixture obtained by the first blending is subjected to a first air-cooling treatment to below 50°C;
  • the mixture that has passed the first air-cooling treatment is subjected to the first granulation treatment to obtain functional masterbatch, the particle size of the functional masterbatch is between 2 and 5 mm;
  • twin-screw extruder Use a twin-screw extruder to blend the functional masterbatch with polyethylene (PE) for the second time.
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 150°C, the temperature in the second zone is 160°C, and the temperature in the third zone is 170°C, the temperature in zone four is 170°C, the temperature in zone five is 170°C, the temperature in zone six is 170°C, and the die temperature is 160°C;
  • the mixture obtained by the second blending is subjected to a second air-cooling treatment to below 50°C;
  • the mixture that has passed the second air-cooling treatment is subjected to a second granulation treatment to obtain a sustained-release functional unit 100.
  • the width d of the soluble functional part 20 is between 50 nanometers and 50 microns.
  • the amount of insoluble polymer material is 60 parts by weight
  • the amount of soluble base material is 20 parts by weight
  • the amount of polyhexamethylene guanidine is 10 parts by weight
  • the amount of sodium citrate is 10 parts by weight.
  • Polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyhexamethylene guanidine are dried at a drying temperature of 50°C and a drying time of 6 hours;
  • twin-screw extruder polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyhexamethylene guanidine, and polyaspartic acid are first blended.
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 50°C. , the temperature in the second zone is 150°C, the temperature in the third zone is 170°C, the temperature in the fourth zone is 175°C, the temperature in the fifth zone is 175°C, the temperature in the sixth zone is 175°C, and the die temperature is 160°C;
  • the mixture obtained by the first blending is subjected to a first air-cooling treatment to below 50°C;
  • the mixture that has passed the first air-cooling treatment is subjected to the first granulation treatment to obtain functional masterbatch, the particle size of the functional masterbatch is between 2 and 5 mm;
  • twin-screw extruder Use a twin-screw extruder to blend the functional masterbatch with polyethylene (PE) for the second time.
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 150°C, the temperature in the second zone is 160°C, and the temperature in the third zone is 170°C, the temperature in zone four is 170°C, the temperature in zone five is 170°C, the temperature in zone six is 170°C, and the die temperature is 160°C;
  • the mixture obtained by the second blending is subjected to a second air cooling treatment to below 50°C;
  • the mixture that has passed the second air-cooling treatment is subjected to a second granulation treatment to obtain a sustained-release functional unit 100.
  • the width d of the soluble functional part 20 is between 50 nanometers and 50 microns.
  • the amount of insoluble polymer material is 60 parts by weight
  • the amount of soluble base material is 20 parts by weight
  • the amount of polyhexamethyleneguanidine is 10 parts by weight
  • the amount of polyaspartic acid is 10 parts by weight.
  • Polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyhexamethylene guanidine are dried at a drying temperature of 50°C and a drying time of 6 hours;
  • Polyethylene (PE), polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyhexamethylene guanidine are blended using a twin-screw extruder.
  • the working temperature of the twin-screw extruder is: the temperature in the first zone is 150°C, and the temperature in the second zone is 150°C.
  • the temperature is 160°C, the temperature in zone three is 170°C, the temperature in zone four is 170°C, the temperature in zone five is 170°C, the temperature in zone six is 170°C, and the die temperature is 160°C;
  • the blended mixture is air-cooled to below 50°C;
  • the air-cooled mixture is granulated to obtain functional composite materials.
  • the amount of insoluble polymer material is 60 parts by weight
  • the amount of soluble base material is 20 parts by weight
  • the amount of functional material is 20 parts by weight.
  • each of the sustained-release functional unit 100 prepared in Examples 1 to 7 and the functional composite material prepared in Comparative Example 1 were weighed, and then the weighed samples were continuously flushed for a certain period of time, and the flushing flow rate was 7L/ min. After flushing, dry (50 degrees Celsius) and weigh. Then flush for a certain period of time, dry, and weigh. Continue for several cycles until the release of functional materials is slow and the effect is not obvious.
  • the above-mentioned flushing time refers to the time during which the functional material can function normally. If flushing continues, the functional material will be released slowly and the function of the slow-release functional unit 100 will not be obvious.
  • Usage rate of functional materials (initial weight of the sustained-release functional unit 100 - weight of the sustained-release functional unit 100 after flushing and drying)/initial weight of the sustained-release functional unit 100 * 100%.
  • the sustained release functional units 100 prepared in Examples 1 to 7 have a longer sustained release time and a higher usage rate of functional materials.
  • the usage rate of functional materials is maintained at a low level.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.
  • connection In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixing” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements.
  • connection connection
  • fixing and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements.
  • a first feature being “on” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. touch.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature is above the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • "Below”, “under” and “beneath” the first feature to the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is level The height is smaller than the second feature.
  • references to the terms “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “an example,” “specific examples,” or “some examples” or the like means that specific features are described in connection with the embodiment or example. , structures, materials or features are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification unless they are inconsistent with each other.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种功能装置和具有其的家用电器。该功能装置包括：至少一个缓释功能单元；其中，缓释功能单元包括不溶性基架和可溶性功能部。由此，通过在不溶性基架支撑的空间中加入特定功能的可溶性功能部，即可搭载家用电器使用过程中所需的功能材料。

Description

一种功能装置和具有其的家用电器
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2022年11月30日提交的申请号为202211523434.0、名称为“一种功能装置和具有其的家用电器”的中国专利申请的优先权，要求于2022年07月15日提交的申请号为202210836418.0、名称为“缓释结构、衣物处理设备和清洁设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及家用电器领域，具体的，涉及一种功能装置和具有其的家用电器。
背景技术
现有技术中，家用电器例如洗衣机、洗碗机、洗地机等目前通常在工作环境中添加功能材料来实现祛味、除垢、杀菌等多种功能，如祛味的香薰类，除垢的盐类，杀菌的磷酸银类、长效抑菌的胍类、健康的天然杀菌类等。为了便于使用且保持功能效果的长效性，上述功能材料通常需要使用专门设计的载体进行搭载，如磷酸银需要搭载在玻璃中，天然抗菌剂及胍类需要搭载在塑料基体中，可负载除垢盐类的活性炭等。但上述功能材料在基体中基本为随机分散，难以形成稳定释放的通路，只有分散在基体表面的功能材料可以释放起到功能作用，但基体内部的功能材料难以溶水释放，无法充分发挥功能材料的作用。并且上述方案针对不同种类功能材料需要设计专用的载体，各种载体不具备通用性和可扩展性，难以使多种功能材料同时在家用电器上发挥作用，无法满足用户需求。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。
为此，本发明的一个目的在于提出一种功能装置，用于家用电器；该功能装置包括可以将功能材料缓慢完全释放的缓释功能单元，该缓释功能单元能够作为不同功能材料的通用载体，用户体验好。
在本发明的一方面，本发明提供了一种功能装置。根据本发明的实施例，功能装置包括：至少一个缓释功能单元；其中，缓释功能单元包括不溶性基架和可溶性功能部。由此，在该用于家用电器的装置中，通过在不溶性基架支撑的空间中加入特定功能的可溶性功能部，即可搭载家用电器工作过程中所需的功能材料。该缓释功能单元可以作为不同功能材料的通用搭载平台，具备很好的通用性和可扩展性，用户可以选择具有不同缓释功能单元 的功能装置，将其应用于家用电器，即可实现在家用电器使用过程中缓慢充分释放功能材料的效，提升用户的体验。
根据本发明的实施例，不溶性基架包括多个相互间隔的基架分支，任意两个基架分支之间具有间隙，多个间隙中的至少部分连通形成通道。
根据本发明的实施例，缓释功能单元的表面包括开口，开口连通缓释功能单元的外部和通道。
根据本发明的实施例，可溶性功能部包括可溶性基材和功能材料，可溶性功能部填充通道的至少部分空间，其中，功能材料混合于可溶性基材中。
由此，功能材料混合于可溶性基材中形成可溶性功能部，可溶性功能部填充通道的至少部分空间，通道则由多个基材分支限定出不规则形状且通过开口与缓释功能单元外部连通。溶解介质可以通过开口流入通道中溶解可溶性功能部，功能材料随着可溶性功能部的溶解而释放到不溶性基架外的环境中。由于通道为不规则形状，溶解介质在通道中经过流速和流向的变化充分冲刷并溶解功能材料，因而随着缓释功能单元的使用，可以逐渐将通道中所有功能材料完全释放，进而提高缓释功能单元的使用时间和材料利用率，避免功能材料的浪费。
根据本发明的实施例，缓释功能单元包括：30～70重量份的不溶性基架；15～60重量份的可溶性基材；以及1～35重量份的功能材料。
根据本发明的实施例，缓释功能单元还包括：5～10重量份的扩链剂。
根据本发明的实施例，可溶性基材包括聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇和聚氧化乙烯中的至少一种。
根据本发明的实施例，不溶性基架包括塑料、橡胶和纤维中的至少之一。
根据本发明的实施例，功能材料包括金属类物质、聚合物类物质、天然提取物类物质、阻垢剂类物质、离子型物质中的至少之一或组合。
根据本发明的实施例，家用电器还包括水供应装置，水供应装置与前述功能装置连接，，水供应装置适于向功能装置供应水。由此，在家用电器运行过程中，溶解介质供应装置通过向前述功能装置供应溶解介质，使得缓释功能单元中的功能材料可以随着可溶性基材在溶解介质中的溶解而释放到不溶性基架外的环境中，满足用户对多种功能的需求，提高缓释功能单元的使用时间，并提高材料的利用率，避免功能材料的浪费，用户体验好。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本发明一个实施例的家用电器的结构图。
图2是本发明一个实施例的功能装置。
图3是本发明一个实施例的功能装置的剖面图。
图4是本发明一个实施例中缓释功能单元的内部结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的方案进行解释。本领域技术人员将会理解，下面的实施例仅用于说明本发明，而不应视为限定本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体技术或条件的，按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
下面参考具体实施例，对本发明进行描述，需要说明的是，这些实施例仅仅是描述性的，而不以任何方式限制本发明。
在本发明的一方面，本发明提供了一种家用电器，其中，家用电器包括洗衣机、干衣机、洗碗机、洗地机、***等多种可选的家用电器，本发明以洗衣机为例。根据本发明的实施例，参照图1，洗衣机包括外桶1、具有衣物腔的内筒、门封2、投放装置3和水供应装置4。其中，外桶1的轴向一侧具有开口，内筒可转动地设置于外桶1内。通过内筒转动带动衣物、洗剂和/或水液运动，从而处理衣物。门封2环绕于外桶1的开口处，门封2形成有送液口2a以及与衣物腔连通的衣物投放口2b。投放装置3设有用于放置洗涤剂的洗涤剂腔，水供应装置4用于向洗衣机提供水，具体的，水供应装置4可以是进水阀或循环泵。
根据本发明的实施例，洗衣机包括功能装置5。功能装置5被定义为向洗衣机的工作环境添加功能材料来实现祛味、除垢、杀菌、护理、去污等不同功能的装置，具体功能本发明不做限定。功能装置5可以设置在洗衣机的不同位置，也可以具有不同的形态，只需满足与水供应装置4直接或间接连接即可。举例而言，功能装置5的形态可以是一个具有容纳腔的容器，例如图3中的功能装置5，也可以是门封2中的凹槽结构，还可以是内筒中的提升筋结构，也就是说，洗衣机中任何能够放置功能材料的结构都是功能装置5的可选形态，本发明对此不作限定。相应的，功能装置5可以放置在洗衣机中的不同位置，举例而 言，当功能装置5的形态是一个具有容纳腔的容器，其可以放置在投放装置3中或者进水管路中；当功能装置5的形态是一个凹槽结构，其可以放置在门封2中；当功能装置5的形态是提升筋结构，其可以放置在内筒中，也就是说，不同形态的功能装置5可以设置在相应的位置。另外，在其他类型的家用电器中，如洗碗机、洗地机、***等，功能装置5的形态和设置位置可以根据家用电器的特点进行改变，本发明对此不作限定。根据本发明的实施例，以功能装置5的形态是一个具有容纳腔的容器并设置在投放装置3中为例，参考图1至图3，投放装置3包括洗剂盒和分配器31，洗剂盒上具有进水口32，水供应装置4与进水口32连接，水流通过进水口32流入分配器31。分配器31具有分配器壳，分配器壳内限定有腔室，功能装置5设置于腔室中，进入分配器31的水流可以流入功能装置5中。投放装置3和门封2还具有第一排液管路6，从功能装置5流出的溶解了功能材料的溶液通过第一排液管路流入门封2中并进入内桶。
根据本发明的实施例，参考图3，缓释功能单元被定义为能够在溶解介质(例如水、酸性溶液或碱性溶液等)中缓慢释放功能材料的单元，是通过将多种材料经过特定工艺步骤加工形成的固体产物，示例性的，每个缓释功能单元可以为固体颗粒状。功能装置5可以包括一个或多个缓释功能单元。其中，多个缓释功能单元可以具有相同的功能，也可以具有多种不同功能的单元，本发明对此不作具体限定。
根据本发明的实施例，参考图4，缓释功能单元包括不溶性基架10和可溶性功能部20。其中，不溶性基架10不溶于水或洗涤剂溶液，可溶性功能部20可逐步溶解于水或洗涤剂溶液中，并在溶解的过程中逐步释放功能材料，以实现家用电器所需的功能。在一个完整的缓释功能单元中，不溶性基架10作为主体支撑缓释功能单元所处的空间，可溶性功能部20以不溶性基架10为载体形成于缓释功能单元所处空间的内部。在一个完整的缓释功能单元的某一切面中，如图4所示，通过使用电子显微镜等微观观测设备观察，可以看到交替分布的不溶性基架10和可溶性功能部20。由此，缓释功能单元可以在溶解介质的作用下，通过在不溶性基架10支撑的空间中加入特定功能的可溶性功能部20，即可实现搭载在家用电器工作过程中所需的功能。该缓释功能单元可以作为不同功能材料的通用搭载平台，具备很好的通用性和可扩展性，用户可以选择具有不同缓释功能单元的功能装置，当水供应装置4将溶解介质注入到功能装置5时，溶解介质即可溶解可溶性功能部20并缓慢释放到不溶性基架10外的环境中，实现在衣物处理过程中缓慢充分释放功能材料的效果，提升用户的体验。
在一些实施例中，参考图4，不溶性基架10包括多个基架分支(10(1)、10(2)、10(3))， 多个基架分支(10(1)、10(2)、10(3))的外边缘在空间中相互间隔，在任意两个基架分支(10(1)、10(2)、10(3))的外边缘之间形成间隙(30(1)、30(2)、30(3))。多个间隙(30(1)、30(2)、30(3))在空间中任意方向呈现随机分布，也就是说在空间中的任意方向，至少部分间隙(30(1)、30(2)、30(3))之间不在同一平面。以图4所示切面为例，多个间隙(30(1)、30(2)、30(3))中的至少部分间隙相互连通，形成通道30。由于每个间隙(30(1)、30(2)、30(3))的边界不规则，并且多个间隙在空间中随机分布，因此通道30的边界为不规则边界，且在空间内的路径为折返路径，流体在通道30内的运动会呈现流速和流向的频繁变化，这有利于冲刷搭载在各个基架分支上的可溶性功能部20，促进功能材料的充分溶解。
在一些实施例中，如图4所示，缓释功能单元100的外表面还包括开口32。从宏观上观察，缓释功能单元5整体呈现具有一定形状的物体，因此其具有宏观视角下的外表面。而从微观上观察，如图4中各个基架分支(10(1)、10(2)、10(3))在切面边缘的至少部分区域不连接，因此可观察到在切面边缘31存在若干个开口32，也就是说，这些开口32也存在于宏观视角下的外表面31上，用于连通缓释功能单元100的外部和通道30，流体可以从缓释功能单元100的外部，通过若干个开口32进入缓释功能单元100的流道30，以溶解可溶性功能部20。
在一些实施例中，如图4所示，可溶性功能部20填充通道30的部分空间或全部空间。优选的，可溶性功能部20搭载在不溶性基架10的各个基架分支(10(1)、10(2)、10(3))上，填充通道30的全部空间，如此可以增加可溶性功能部20的搭载量，缓释功能单元100的内部空间，使得缓释功能单元100使用时间更长。
该实施例中，可溶性功能部20填充通道30的至少部分空间，通道30则由多个基材分支(10(1)、10(2)、10(3))限定出不规则流道且通过开口32与缓释功能单元100外部连通。溶解介质可以通过开口32流入通道30中溶解可溶性功能部20，可溶性功能部20在溶解过程中释放到不溶性基架10外的环境中。由于通道30为不规则流道，溶解介质在通道30中经过流速和流向的变化冲刷并充分溶解功能材料，因而随着缓释功能单元100的使用，可以逐渐将通道30中所有可溶性功能部20完全释放，进而提高缓释功能单元100的使用时间和材料利用率，避免功能材料的浪费。
在一些实施方式中，可溶性功能部20包括可溶性基材和功能材料，功能材料混合于可溶性基材中。
在该实施例中，可溶性基材包括聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇和聚氧化乙烯中的至少一种。上述材料的可溶性基材具有较佳的溶解度，可以在水流经过时慢慢溶解，且与功能材料遇水 不会发生化学反应，进而保证缓释功能单元100的稳定性；同时，上述材料的安全性较佳，溶于水后不会对衣物造成影响；另外，因为不同的可溶性基材在水中的溶解度是有差异的，所以本发明中还可以通过选择不同的可溶性基材的具体种类来控制可溶性功能部20的溶出速率，以满足缓释功能单元100不同的应用要求和应用环境。
在一些实施例中，可溶性基材的分子量可以为5～300万，上述分子量的可溶性基材具有适宜的溶解度，而且本发明中还可以通过控制可溶性基材的分子量来控制可溶性功能部20的溶出速率。若是可溶性基材的分子量小于5万，那么可溶性功能部20不易成型，溶剂速率过快；若是可溶性基材的分子量大于300万，则使得可溶性功能部20的限度相对较大，不易加工，也不易形成连续性的可溶性功能部结构。
在本发明的实施例中，功能材料包括重金属类物质、聚合物类物质、天然提取物类物质、阻垢剂类物质、离子型物质中的至少之一或其组合。由此，缓释功能单元100具有软水、除垢、杀菌、祛味、护理、去污等功能，本领域技术人员可以根据缓释功能单元100应用环境的实际情况灵活选择适宜的功能材料，以满足缓释功能单元100的应用要求。其中，软水剂类物质可以为磷酸盐、硅酸盐、亚胺磺酸盐、氨基酸衍生物、羟基酸及其衍生物、聚丙烯酸及其衍生物等试剂，阻垢剂类物质可以为柠檬酸钠、聚天冬氨酸钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠等物质，金属类物质可以是重金属类物质(如银离子、铜离子)、金属化合物类物质(如硝酸银、硫酸铜)等物质，天然提取物类物质可以是氨基酸、薰衣草油、茶树油、丹皮酚等物质，聚合物类物质可以为聚六亚甲基胍、氨基酸型、季铵盐类、聚季铵酸等物质等。当然，本领域技术人员还可以根据缓释功能单元100的具体应用，选择其他可与可溶性基材共混且不失效的功能材料。
在本发明的实施例中，不溶性基架10包括聚合物(比如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乳酸)、橡胶和纤维中的至少之一。上述材料形成的不溶性基架10的稳定性较好，在一定水流的冲击下不易发生变形；而且性质稳定，不易变质；上述材料的不溶性基架10与上述材料的可溶性基材之间可以形成化学键，提高缓释功能单元100的稳定性。
在本发明的实施例中，缓释功能单元100包括：30～70重量份(比如30重量份、35重量份、40重量份、45重量份、50重量份、55重量份、60重量份、65重量份、70重量份)的不溶性基架10；15～60重量份(比如15重量份、20重量份、25重量份、30重量份、35重量份、40重量份、45重量份、50重量份、55重量份、60重量份)的可溶性基材；以及1～35重量份(比如1重量份、5重量份、10重量份、15重量份、18重量份、20重量份、23重量份、25重量份、28重量份、30重量份、32重量份、34重量份、35重量份)的功能 材料。由此，上述组分的缓释功能单元100具有适宜分量的可溶性基材以及功能材料，使得缓释功能单元100中不溶性基架和可溶性功能部20具有适宜的体积比例，保证缓释功能单元100的结构稳定性以及缓释功能材料的速率和功效；若是不溶性基架的分量偏多，即缓释功能单元100中可溶性基材的体积分数较小，可溶性功能部20的体积分数较小，如此会相对减小缓释功能单元100的使用时长，而且不溶性基架的内部骨架较为紧密，进而使得缓释功能单元100内部的可溶性功能部20不易接触到水，进而使其不易溶解或溶出速率过慢，减弱功能材料发挥作用的效力；反之，若是不溶性基架的分量偏少，即缓释功能单元100中不溶性基架的体积分数较小，内部含有相对较多的可溶性功能部20，这样可溶性功能部20与不溶性基架之间的稳定性相对较差，而且可溶性功能部20的溶出速率过快，易造成材料的浪费。上述功能材料与可溶性基材之间的用量，可以使得功能材料较为均匀的分散在可溶性基材中，且使得可溶性功能部20中功能材料的浓度较佳，进而保证缓释功能单元100的功能作用。由此可见，通过控制上述各成分的用量，可以控制可溶性功能部20的溶出速率，既可以满足对缓释功能单元100的功能材料的作用功效的要求，又可以避免功能材料溶出过快，造成材料的浪费。其中，功能材料的具体用量本领域技术人员可以根据具体的功能材料在1～35重量份之间进行设定，比如含有银离子的功能材料，可以适当的降低功能材料的添加量。
在本发明的实施例中，缓释功能单元100还包括：5～10重量份(比如5重量份、6重量份、7重量份、8重量份、9重量份或10重量份)的扩链剂。由此，扩链剂的加入，可以通过对不溶性基架的改变使不溶性基架和可溶性基材产生化学反应，降低可溶性功能部20的溶水速率，优化缓释时间，从物理和化学两种手段实现溶出速率的可控性。
在本发明的实施例中，可溶性基材与部分活性不溶性基架之间通过引入反应型扩链剂可将二者通过化学键连接起来。具体的：上述的化学键是在熔融共混过程中添加能与可溶性基材和活性不溶性基架反应的扩链剂，从而进行扩链反应形成的。如果不溶性基架为含羟基或羧基的聚酯类，则扩链剂可以选择含有环氧基团的材料，环氧基团与可溶性基材的末端羟基和不溶性基架材料的羧基或羟基反应，使二者通过化学键连接在一起。由此，可以提高可溶性功能部20与不溶性基架之间的结合力，以便提高缓释功能单元100的稳定性，避免可溶性功能部20与不溶性基架发生脱落，影响产品质量；而且，还可以控制可溶性基材的溶出速率，进而控制缓释功能单元100中功能材料的释放速率，进而在保证功能材料有效作用的同时，延长缓释功能单元100的使用时长。
在本发明的实施例中，参照图4，可溶性功能部20的宽度d为50纳米～50微米，比如 d为50纳米、100纳米、300纳米、500纳米、800纳米、1微米、5微米、10微米、15微米、20微米、25微米、30微米、35微米、40微米、45微米、50微米。由此，上述宽度范围的可溶性功能部20可以使得水分子顺利穿过，以及可溶性功能部20溶解后的功能材料和可溶性基材顺利通过，不会发生阻塞的不良现象；而且，还可以通过控制可溶性功能部20的宽度来控制可溶性功能部20的溶出速率，其中可溶性功能部20的宽度可以通过不溶性基架的用量以及制备缓释功能单元100的工艺条件等因素来实现。其中，本领域技术人员可以理解，如图1所述，缓释功能单元100中不同位置处的可溶性功能部20的宽度不完全相同，只要其宽度在d介于50纳米～50微米范围内即可。
根据本发明的实施例，制备缓释功能单元100的方法可以包括：
S200：将功能母粒与不溶性材料依次进行第二共混、第二造粒处理，得到缓释功能单元100。
根据本发明的实施例，功能母粒被定义为混合有功能材料的可溶性母粒，功能母粒的主体为可溶性物质组成，功能材料以分子态、离子态或原子态分散在可溶性物质中。第二共混的工作温度没有特殊要求，本领域技术人员可以根据不溶性材料的具体种类以及挤出机(用于共混)的具体设备等实际情况灵活选择。在一些实施例中，可以采用双螺杆挤出机进行共混，采用双螺杆挤出机时，双螺杆挤出机的一区工作温度为50℃左右，其余工作区(比如二区、三区)的工作温度为160℃～190℃。
根据本发明的实施例，进行所述第二造粒处理之前，预先对所述第二共混得到的混合物进行第二风冷处理。如前所述，通过挤出机共混后得到的产物温度较高，位于160℃～190℃左右，不易定型，所以为了便于后续的造粒，需要通过风冷处理共混后的产物。根据本发明的实施例，将所述第二共混得到的混合物进行所述第二风冷处理至50℃以下。由此，通过冷风处理的产物具有较佳的硬度，便于切割造粒。优选的，缓释功能单元100的粒径为1～5mm。
在一些实施例中，在步骤S200之前，所述方法还包括：
S100：将功能材料与可溶性基材进行第一共混，并对第一共混得到的混合物进行第一造粒处理，得到功能母粒。
根据本发明的实施例，进行第一共混之前，预先对可溶性基材进行干燥处理。通过对可溶性基材预干燥处理，将可溶性基材吸附的水分去除，如此可以避免可溶性基材被水溶解，影响缓释功能单元100的稳定性。其中，若是功能材料具有吸水性，则可以预先对可溶性基材和功能材料一起进行干燥处理(当然若是功能材料吸水性较差，则可以不必对功 能材料进行干燥处理)，进而避免功能材料中的水分对可溶性基材进行溶解，避免影响功能材料的功效以及缓释功能单元100的稳定性。在本发明的一些实施例，所述干燥处理的温度为50℃～80℃，比如50℃、60℃、65℃、70℃、75℃、80℃。本领域技术人员可以根据可溶性基材、功能材料的具体材料种类等实际情况来选择干燥温度，如此，既可以保证快速的去除功能材料吸附的水分，而且不会影响到功能材料的性能。优选的，干燥的时间为4～8小时。
优选的，在第一共混之前，还可以预先将功能材料与可溶性基材进行研磨，进而充分提高功能材料与可溶性基材混合的均匀性。还可以在第一共混时添加胶黏剂，进而有助于提高功能母粒的稳定性，即提高后续得到的缓释功能单元100中可溶性功能部20的稳定性。
根据本发明的实施例，第一共混的工作温度没有特殊要求，本领域技术人员可以根据功能材料与可溶性基材的具体种类以及挤出机(用于共混)的具体设备等实际情况灵活选择。在一些实施例中，可以采用双螺杆挤出机进行共混，采用双螺杆挤出机时，双螺杆挤出机的一区工作温度为50℃左右，其余工作区(比如二区、三区)的工作温度为160℃～190℃。根据本发明的实施例，进行所述第一造粒处理之前，预先对所述第一共混得到的混合物进行第一风冷处理。如前所述，通过挤出机共混后得到的产物温度较高，位于160℃～190℃左右，不易定型，所以为了便于后续的造粒，需要通过风冷处理共混后的产物。根据本发明的实施例，将所述第一共混得到的混合物进行所述第一风冷处理至50℃以下。由此，通过冷风处理的产物具有较佳的硬度，便于切割造粒。
优选的，功能母粒的粒径为2～5mm，该大小的功能母粒可以更充分的与不溶性高分子材料混合均匀，有利于结构连续的可溶性功能部20，且不易发生团聚。若是功能母粒的粒径小于2mm，则相对比较容易发生团聚，不利于混合的均匀性；若是功能母粒的粒径大于5mm，则相对不利于提高后续可溶性功能部20在缓释功能单元100中的分布的均匀性，影响可溶性功能部20的连续性。
根据本发明的实施例，在上述制备方法中，先将功能材料与可溶性基材进行共混、造粒，然后再将功能母粒与不溶性材料进行共混、造粒，这样的方法可以使得可溶性基材构成缓释功能单元100的可溶性功能部20，功能材料分散在可溶性功能部20中，在缓释功能单元100中不溶性高分子材料形成不溶性基架，可溶性功能部20连通不溶性基架外部并呈连续结构，如此，功能材料可以随着可溶性基材在水中的溶解而释放到不溶性基架外的环境中，而且由于可溶性功能部20为连续性结构，所以随着缓释功能单元100的使用，可以逐渐的将不溶性基架表面和内部的所有功能材料完全释放，进而提高缓释功能单元100的 使用时间，并提高材料的利用率，避免功能材料的浪费。
根据本发明的实施例，将所述功能材料、扩链剂与所述可溶性基材进行所述第一共混；和/或，将所述功能母粒、不溶性高分子材料与所述扩链剂进行所述第二共混。由此，扩链剂的加入，可以通过对不溶性高分子材料的改变使不溶性高分子材料和可溶性基材产生化学反应，降低可溶性功能部20的溶水速率，从物理和化学两种手段实现溶出速率的可控性。
根据本发明的实施例，清洁设备的具体种类包括但不限于洗衣机、洗干一体机、洗碗机等需要水清洗的清洁设备，本领域技术人员可以根据清洁设备的具体用途来选择功能材料的具体种类，以实现不同目的的清洁效果。
实施例
实施例1
将聚氧化乙烯(PEO，可溶性基材)和聚六亚甲基胍(功能材料)进行干燥处理，干燥温度为50℃，干燥时间为6h；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)、聚六亚甲基胍进行第一共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为50℃，二区温度为150℃，三区温度为170℃,四区温度为175℃，五区温度为175℃，六区温度为175℃，口模温度为160℃；将第一共混得到的混合物进行第一风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过第一风冷处理的混合物进行第一造粒处理，得到功能母粒，功能母粒的粒径处于2～5mm；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将功能母粒与聚乙烯(PE，不溶性高分子材料)进行第二共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为150℃，二区温度为160℃，三区温度为170℃,四区温度为170℃，五区温度为170℃，六区温度为170℃，口模温度为160℃；
将第二共混得到的混合物进行第一风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过第一风冷处理的混合物进行第二造粒处理，得到缓释功能单元100，在缓释功能单元100中，可溶性功能部20的宽度d介于50纳米～50微米之间，
其中，上述制备方法中，不溶性高分子材料的用量为60重量份，可溶性基材的用量为20重量份，功能材料的用量为20重量份。
实施例2
将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)进行干燥处理，干燥温度为50℃，干燥时间为4h；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)、磷酸银(Ag3PO4)进行第一共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为50℃，二区温度为150℃，三区温度为170℃,四区温度为175℃，五区温度为175℃，六区温度为175℃，口模温度为160℃；
将第一共混得到的混合物进行第一风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过第一风冷处理的混合物进行第一造粒处理，得到功能母粒，功能母粒的粒径处于2～5mm；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将功能母粒与聚丙烯(PP)进行第二共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为160℃，二区温度为170℃，三区温度为180℃,四区温度为180℃，五区温度为180℃，六区温度为180℃，口模温度为170℃；
将第二共混得到的混合物进行第二风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过第二风冷处理的混合物进行第二造粒处理，得到缓释功能单元100，在缓释功能单元100中，可溶性功能部20的宽度d介于50纳米～50微米之间，
其中，上述制备方法中，不溶性高分子材料的用量为60重量份，可溶性基材的用量为39重量份，功能材料的用量为1重量份。
实施例3
将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)和聚六亚甲基胍进行干燥处理，干燥温度为50℃，干燥时间为6h；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)和聚六甲基胍进行第一共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为50℃，二区温度为150℃，三区温度为170℃,四区温度为175℃，五区温度为175℃，六区温度为175℃，口模温度为160℃；；
将第一共混得到的混合物进行第一风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过第一风冷处理的混合物进行第一造粒处理，得到功能母粒，功能母粒的粒径处于2～5mm；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将功能母粒与聚丙烯(PP)进行第二共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为160℃，二区温度为170℃，三区温度为180℃,四区温度为180℃，五区温度为180℃，六区温度为180℃，口模温度为170℃；
将第二共混得到的混合物进行第二风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过第二风冷处理的混合物进行第二造粒处理，得到缓释功能单元100，在缓释功能单元100中，可溶性功能部20的宽度d介于50纳米～50微米之间，
其中，上述制备方法中，不溶性高分子材料的用量为60重量份，可溶性基材的用量为20重量份，功能材料的用量为20重量份。
实施例4
将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)进行干燥处理，干燥温度为50℃，干燥时间为6h；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)和硫酸铜(CuSO4)进行第一共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为50℃，二区温度为150℃，三区温度为170℃,四区温度为175℃，五区温度为175℃，六区温度为175℃，口模温度为160℃；
将第一共混得到的混合物进行第一风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过第一风冷处理的混合物进行第一造粒处理，得到功能母粒，功能母粒的粒径处于2～5mm；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将功能母粒与聚丙烯(PP)进行第二共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为160℃，二区温度为170℃，三区温度为180℃,四区温度为180℃，五区温度为180℃，六区温度为180℃，口模温度为170℃；
将第二共混得到的混合物进行第二风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过第二风冷处理的混合物进行第二造粒处理，得到缓释功能单元100，在缓释功能单元100中，可溶性功能部20的宽度d介于50纳米～50微米之间，
其中，上述制备方法中，不溶性高分子材料的用量为60重量份，可溶性基材的用量为20重量份，功能材料的用量为20重量份。
实施例5
将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)和聚六亚甲基胍进行干燥处理，干燥温度为50℃，干燥时间为6h；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)、聚六甲基胍、扩链剂ADR进行第一共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为50℃，二区温度为150℃，三区温度为170℃,四区温度为175℃，五区温度为175℃，六区温度为175℃，口模温度为160℃；
将第一共混得到的混合物进行第一风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过第一风冷处理的混合物进行第一造粒处理，得到功能母粒，功能母粒的粒径处于2～5mm；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将功能母粒与聚乳酸(PLA)进行第二共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为170℃，二区温度为180℃，三区温度为180℃,四区温度为185℃，五区温度为185℃，六区温度为180℃，口模温度为170℃；
将第二共混得到的混合物进行第二风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过第二风冷处理的混合物进行第二造粒处理，得到缓释功能单元100，在缓释功能单元100中，可溶性功能部20的宽度d介于50纳米～50微米之间，
其中，上述制备方法中，不溶性高分子材料的用量为50重量份，可溶性基材的用量为30重量份，功能材料的用量为10重量份，扩链剂的用量为10重量份。
实施例6
将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)和聚六亚甲基胍进行干燥处理，干燥温度为50℃，干燥时间为6h；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)、聚六亚甲基胍、柠檬酸钠进行第一共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为50℃，二区温度为150℃，三区温度为170℃,四区温度为175℃，五区温度为175℃，六区温度为175℃，口模温度为160℃；
将第一共混得到的混合物进行第一风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过第一风冷处理的混合物进行第一造粒处理，得到功能母粒，功能母粒的粒径处于2～5mm；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将功能母粒与聚乙烯(PE)进行第二共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为150℃，二区温度为160℃，三区温度为170℃,四区温度为170℃，五区温度为170℃，六区温度为170℃，口模温度为160℃；
将第二共混得到的混合物进行第二风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过第二风冷处理的混合物进行第二造粒处理，得到缓释功能单元100，在缓释功能单元100中，可溶性功能部20的宽度d介于50纳米～50微米之间，
其中，上述制备方法中，不溶性高分子材料的用量为60重量份，可溶性基材的用量为20重量份，聚六亚甲基胍为10重量份，柠檬酸钠的用量为10重量份。
实施例7
将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)和聚六亚甲基胍进行干燥处理，干燥温度为50℃，干燥时间为6h；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)、聚六亚甲基胍、聚天冬氨酸进行第一共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为50℃，二区温度为150℃，三区温度为170℃,四区温度为175℃，五区温度为175℃，六区温度为175℃，口模温度为160℃；
将第一共混得到的混合物进行第一风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过第一风冷处理的混合物进行第一造粒处理，得到功能母粒，功能母粒的粒径处于2～5mm；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将功能母粒与聚乙烯(PE)进行第二共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为150℃，二区温度为160℃，三区温度为170℃,四区温度为170℃，五区温度为170℃，六区温度为170℃，口模温度为160℃；
将第二共混得到的混合物进行第二风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过第二风冷处理的混合物进行第二造粒处理，得到缓释功能单元100，在缓释功能单元100中，可溶性功能部20的宽度d介于50纳米～50微米之间，
其中，上述制备方法中，不溶性高分子材料的用量为60重量份，可溶性基材的用量为20重量份，聚六亚甲基胍为10重量份，聚天冬氨酸的用量为10重量份。
对比例1
将聚氧化乙烯(PEO)和聚六亚甲基胍进行干燥处理，干燥温度为50℃，干燥时间为6h；
利用双螺杆挤出机，将聚乙烯(PE)、聚氧化乙烯(PEO)和聚六亚甲基胍进行共混，双螺杆挤出机的工作温度为：一区温度为150℃，二区温度为160℃，三区温度为170℃,四区温度为170℃，五区温度为170℃，六区温度为170℃，口模温度为160℃；
将共混得到的混合物进行风冷处理至50℃以下；
将通过风冷处理的混合物进行造粒处理，得到功能复合材料，
其中，上述制备方法中，不溶性高分子材料的用量为60重量份，可溶性基材的用量为20重量份，功能材料的用量为20重量份。
表1

其中，分别称取实施例1～7中制备的缓释功能单元100和对比例1中制备的功能复合材料各20g，然后对称取的样品分别持续冲水一定时间，冲水的流量为7L/min，冲水后进行干燥(50摄氏度)、称重，然后再冲水一定时间、干燥、称重，持续几个循环，直至功能材料释放缓慢，作用不明显。上述冲水的时间是指功能材料可以正常发挥作用的时间，再持续冲水的话，功能材料释放缓慢，缓释功能单元100的功能不明显。功能材料的使用率＝(缓释功能单元100初始重量-冲水干燥后缓释功能单元100的重量)/缓释功能单元100初始重量*100％。
由表1可以看出，相比对比例1，实施例1～7中制备的缓释功能单元100的缓释时间较长，功能材料的使用率也较高。而对比例1中，即使长时间冲水，功能材料的使用率维持在一个较低水平。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平 高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种功能装置，用于家用电器，其特征在于，包括：
    至少一个缓释功能单元；
    其中，所述缓释功能单元包括不溶性基架和可溶性功能部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的功能装置，其特征在于，所述不溶性基架包括多个相互间隔的基架分支，任意两个所述基架分支之间具有间隙，多个所述间隙中的至少部分连通形成通道。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的功能装置，其特征在于，所述缓释功能单元的表面包括开口，所述开口连通所述缓释功能单元的外部和所述通道。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的功能装置，其特征在于，所述可溶性功能部包括可溶性基材和功能材料，所述可溶性功能部填充所述通道的至少部分空间，其中，所述功能材料混合于所述可溶性基材中。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的功能装置，其特征在于，所述缓释功能单元包括：
    30～70重量份的所述不溶性基架；
    15～60重量份的所述可溶性基材；以及
    1～35重量份的所述功能材料。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的功能装置，其特征在于，所述缓释功能单元还包括：5～10重量份的扩链剂。
  7. 根据权利要求4～6中任一项所述的功能装置，其特征在于，所述可溶性基材包括聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇和聚氧化乙烯中的至少一种。
  8. 根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的功能装置，其特征在于，所述不溶性基架包括塑料、橡胶和纤维中的至少之一。
  9. 根据权利要求4～6中任一项所述的功能装置，其特征在于，所述功能材料包括金属类物质、聚合物类物质、天然提取物类物质、阻垢剂类物质、离子型物质中的至少之一或组合。
  10. 一种家用电器，所述家用电器包括水供应装置和如权利要求1～9所述的功能装置，其中，所述水供应装置与所述功能装置连接，所述水供应装置适于向所述功能装置供应水。
PCT/CN2023/106288 2022-07-15 2023-07-07 一种功能装置和具有其的家用电器 WO2024012362A1 (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1324379A (zh) * 1998-09-18 2001-11-28 卡皮托特种塑料公司 具有释放材料的整体聚合物组合物
US6864301B2 (en) * 1998-11-30 2005-03-08 The Regents Of The University Of Colorado Preparation and use of photopolymerized microparticles
CN201620282U (zh) * 2010-01-05 2010-11-03 胡积献 一种洗衣机用的杀菌装置
CN101921427A (zh) * 2010-08-06 2010-12-22 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 一种功能性高分子装饰复合材料及其制备方法
CN102892942A (zh) * 2010-04-12 2013-01-23 雷克特本克斯尔荷兰有限公司 逐渐释放剂量给予装置和家用设备的密封件
CN111372677A (zh) * 2017-11-16 2020-07-03 3M创新有限公司 包含可溶性颗粒或可溶胀颗粒中的至少一种的聚合物基质复合材料及其制备方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1324379A (zh) * 1998-09-18 2001-11-28 卡皮托特种塑料公司 具有释放材料的整体聚合物组合物
US6864301B2 (en) * 1998-11-30 2005-03-08 The Regents Of The University Of Colorado Preparation and use of photopolymerized microparticles
CN201620282U (zh) * 2010-01-05 2010-11-03 胡积献 一种洗衣机用的杀菌装置
CN102892942A (zh) * 2010-04-12 2013-01-23 雷克特本克斯尔荷兰有限公司 逐渐释放剂量给予装置和家用设备的密封件
CN101921427A (zh) * 2010-08-06 2010-12-22 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 一种功能性高分子装饰复合材料及其制备方法
CN111372677A (zh) * 2017-11-16 2020-07-03 3M创新有限公司 包含可溶性颗粒或可溶胀颗粒中的至少一种的聚合物基质复合材料及其制备方法

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